新编英语教程6主编李观仪1-7单元课件

1、Unit OneText I Two Words to Avoid, Two Words to Rememberv I. Library Workv 1. Manhattan, an island near the mouth of the Hudson River, is a borough of New York City, in southeastern New York State, U.S.A. Commercial and cultural heart of the city, Manhattan is the site of the Metropolitan Opera Hous

2、e, Carnegie Hall, the City Center of Music and Drama,I. Library Workv and numerous other music institutions. Main museums and art galleries of Manhattan include the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and American Museum of Natural History, etc. Columbia University and New York University are also located h

3、ere. Among other points ofI. Library Workv interest are the Rockefeller Center, the Empire State Building.v A psychiatrist is a medical practitioner specializing in the diagnosis, and treatment of mental illness. Generally, after completion of medical training, physicians take a three-year residency

4、 in psychiatry to become qualified I. Library Workv psychiatrists. As psychiatry is an area of medicine, psychiatrists tend to view and conceptualize disordered behavior as types of mental illness.v Those who have mental illness, psychological and emotional disorders consult psychiatrists. I. Librar

5、y Workv Sigmund Freud /zikmunt froit/ (1856 - 1939) is an Austrian physician and the founder of psychoanalysis. Freud explored the workings of the human mind and developed psychoanalysis as a therapeutic technique to treat neurosis or mental disturbances. His idea of the unconscious mental processes

6、 and hisI. Library Workv theory that a principal cause of neurosis is the repression of painful memories into the unconscious hold a central place in psychology and psychiatry today.II. Organization of the Textv I. Setting of the story (Paragraphs 1 3)v The instructive significance of the story (1)v

7、 Setting (2 3)v II. Development of the story (Paragraphs 4 31)v In the little French restaurant (4 8)II. Organization of the Textv In the Old Mans office (9 26)v Outside the office (27 -31)v III. Denouement or conclusion (Paragraphs 32 33)III. Key Points of the Textv Paragraph 1v rewarding: worth do

8、ing; satisfyingv change for the better: improve something that already exists or that has gone before 向着较好的情况转变；为了取得更好的结果Paragraph 1v E.g.: His health has changed for the better. 他的健康状况已有好转。v make alterations for the better in the design of a house 修改房屋的设计使之更趋完善Paragraph 1v c.f.: change for the wors

9、e: make worse something that already exists or that has gone before 向着较坏的情况转变，更不好v E.g.: He bought a new car but it turned out to be for the worse. 他买了一辆新汽车，但结果比原来的还不好。Paragraph 1v for better (or) for worse (或 for better or worse): in both good and bad fortune; whether the result is good or bad 同甘共苦

10、, 祸福与共; 不管是好是歹, 不论是祸是福; 不管结果怎样Paragraph 1v E.g.: He has resolved to take her for better or for worse. 不论是福是祸，他决心娶她为妻。v Most leave-taking - for better or worse - are temporary affairs. 不管怎样，大多数的告别只是暂别。Paragraph 1v Nothing in life is more exciting and rewarding than the sudden flash of light that leav

11、es you a changed person - not only changed, but changed for the better:v The most inspiring and gratifying fact of life is the unexpected spark of enlightenment that makes you different and a better person than before.Paragraph 1v According to the author, how much did the session with his psychiatri

12、st friend that afternoon mean to him?v To him, the session was just like “a flash of insight that leaves him a changed person - not only changed, but changed for the better.”Paragraph 2v wintry: of or like winter; cold, snowy (似) 冬天的；寒冷的；多雪的v E.g.: a wintry smile 冷若冰雪的微笑Paragraph 2v frustrated: feel

13、ing annoyed disappointment because of the prevention of the fulfillment of or defeat of someone or someones effort, hopes, etc. 表示作出的某种努力受阻而失望或沮丧v E.g.: Im feeling rather frustrated in my present job; I need a change.Paragraph 2v I feel frustrated; I cant go after all! 我感到很失望；我终归还是去不成了。v depressed:

14、sad; low in spirits 沮丧的；抑郁的；（意志）消沉的v E.g.: I feel really depressed today, nothing went right. 今天我真倒霉，什么都不顺利。Paragraph 2v on ones part: made or done by one 某人所做的，某人有责任的；就某人而言，在某人一方；代表某人v E.g.: I consider this a gross oversight on your part. 我认为这是你的严重疏忽。v It was the lapse on the part of my wife. 这是我妻子

15、出的差错。Paragraph 2v There are still some doubts on the part of the employers. 雇主方面仍心存怀疑。v A frank question on his part led to a frank answer on mine. 他问题提得直率，因此我也回答得坦诚。v He expressed appreciation on the part of himself and his colleagues. 他代表自己以及同事们表示感谢。Paragraph 2v fall through: fail to be successful

16、ly completed; come to nothing 失败，成为泡影；不能践约，失约v E.g.: To his disappointment, his plan to do further studies in the university fell through.Paragraph 2v I have made an appointment with him, but Im afraid hell fall through. 我已和他约好会面，可是我怕他会失约。v hindsight: wisdom about an event after it has occurred 事后的觉

17、悟；事后的聪明v E.g.: By hindsight I should have gone there earlier. 事后想来，我应早些去那里。Paragraph 2v Hindsight is always clearer than ones view at the time. 事后看问题总要比当时看得清楚。v c.f.: foresight: the ability to imagine what will probably happen, allowing one to act to help or prevent developments; care or wise planni

18、ng for the future 预见；先见之明Paragraph 2v chew the cud: think deeply before making a decision; think reflectively 深思，反复思考v E.g.: He didnt reply immediately, but seemed rather to be chewing his cud. 他没有立即回答，不过看上去在反复思考。Paragraph 2v How were the author and the old man related?v The old man was an eminent p

19、sychiatrist and the author was a client of his.Paragraph 3v He came across the street, finally, muffled in his ancient overcoat, shapeless felt hat pulled down over his bald head, looking more like an energetic gnome than an eminent psychiatrist.Paragraph 3v At last he walked over from the other sid

20、e of the street, wrapped in his old-fashioned overcoat, his bald head covered by a shapeless felt hat. He looked like a dwarfish old man full of energy rather than a well-known psychiatrist.Paragraph 3v gnome: (in legends) a little old man who lives underground and guards the earths treasures; a sma

21、ll ugly person守护神；土地神; 侏儒Paragraph 5v perceptiveness: unusual ability to notice and understand; awareness and understanding 观察敏锐；善于理解v E.g.: We all admired his perceptiveness; he was always so quick to respond to a new situation.v proceed: begin a course of actionParagraph 5v E.g.: After the prepara

22、tions had been made, we proceeded to draft the plan.Paragraph 10v flat: with a broad level surface and little depth 浅的Paragraph 11v berate: (formal) scold or criticize angrily because of a faultv E.g.: Dont berate anyone just because he has made a mistake. Dont we all make mistakes from time to time

23、?v go by: pass; elapseParagraph 11v The woman who spoke next had never married because of a sense of obligation to her widowed mother; she recalled bitterly all the marital chances she had let go by.Paragraph 11v The next speaker on the tape was a woman who had remained single because she thought sh

24、e was obliged to take care of her mother who was a widow. She still remembered and told others miserably about all the chances of marriage she had missed.Paragraph 14v woeful: regretful; full of woe, sadv E.g.: a woeful countenance (song) 悲伤的面容 (歌曲)v a woeful spectacle 悲惨的景象v woeful shortage of comm

25、odities 商品的可悲的匮乏v woeful ignorance 可悲的无知Paragraph 14v It was woeful to see him spoiling the painting. 眼见他毁坏那幅油画真叫人惋惜。Paragraph 15v Why did the old man let the author listen to the three speakers on the tape?v The three speakers on the tape were all unhappy, and the two words they all used frequently

26、 in what they said were “if only.” What the old man wanted to pointParagraph 15v out to the author was that to keep saying “if only” would not change anything; on the contrary, it only kept the person facing the wrong way - backward instead of forward. Thus it did more harm than good to the person w

27、ho kept saying them.Paragraph 15v In the end, if you let it become a habit, it can become a real roadblock, an excuse for not trying any more.v Eventually, if you form a habit of saying “if only”, the phrase can really turn to an obstruction, providing you with an excuse for giving up trying anythin

28、g at all.Paragraph 16v lament: feel or express great sorrow (for or because of something); complain about 痛惜；抱怨v E.g.: One should not lament the past mistakes, but should try to do better later.v lament this great loss 痛惜这巨大的损失Paragraph 16v lament ones folly (carelessness) 悔恨自己的愚蠢（粗心）Paragraph 18v y

29、ou never got out of the past tense. Not once did you mention the future.v you are always thinking of the past, regretting and lamenting. You did not look forward to what you can do in the future at all.Paragraph 18v a perverse streak: an obstinate qualityv perverse: stubbornly unreasonable 任性的，蛮不讲理的

30、v streak: long thin mark, line or band of a different substance or color from its surroundings; element or trace (in a persons character) (与整体不同物质或颜色的) 条纹，线条，斑纹; (个性中的) 些微特点或特征Paragraph 18v E.g.: black with red streaks 带红条纹的黑色v There were tear streaks down her face. 她脸上有一条条泪痕。v He has a stubborn str

31、eak. 他生性有点儿固执。Paragraph 18v He had a petty bourgeois streak in him. 他有点小资产阶级味道。v a streak of jealousy (vanity, cruelty) 几分妒忌（虚荣，残忍）v have a jealous streak 有点儿妒忌Paragraph 18v hash over: (AmE informal) talk about something such as a difficulty in detail and at length 充分讨论；回顾v E.g.: Hasnt the committee

32、 finished hashing over the question yet?v I have something I want to hash over with you. 我有事要跟你好好谈谈。Paragraph 18v hash over the old days 追忆旧日v hash: chop (meat) into small pieces 把 (肉) 切成小块; 把 (肉) 剁碎Paragraph 19v ruefully: regretfully; showing or feeling good-humored regret 表示或感到后悔的 (但很看得开)v E.g.: H

33、e faced his recent failure ruefully.v a rueful smile 抱憾的微笑Paragraph 20v lift: a feeling of elation 鼓舞，振奋v E.g.: Winning the scholarship gave her a tremendous lift. 她获得奖学金后受到了极大的鼓舞。v drag: (slang) a boring thing; nuisance 累赘的或使人生厌的人或事物v E.g.: Walking is drag - lets take the car. 走路太费事- 我们坐车吧。Paragrap

34、h 22v strike out (also strike through): remove by drawing a line through; cross outParagraph 24v grim: harsh, unpleasant, dreadfulv E.g.: He was depressed when he heard the grim news that two-thirds of the workforce might be discharged.Paragraph 25v fanciful: using the imagination rather than reason

35、; imagined rather than based on facts 空想的，想象的v E.g.: a fanciful tale 想象出来的故事v a fanciful notion 毫无根据的想法v a fanciful girl 爱空想的女孩Paragraphs 28 - 29v “My, my,” said the Old Man slyly. “If only we had come down ten seconds sooner, wed have caught that cab, wouldnt we?”v I laughed and picked up the cue.

36、“Next time Ill run faster.”Paragraphs 28 - 29v The Old Man said to me trickily, using the phrase “if only” on purpose, “If only wed got here ten seconds earlier, wed have caught the cab.” v I laughed and understood what he meant. So I followed his advice and said, “Next time Ill run faster.”Paragrap

37、hs 28 - 29v Why did the Old Man say slyly? Find out the reason in the context.v What was the cue the author picked up? How did the author pick up the cue?Paragraphs 31v take in ones stride: deal with (a situation, problem, etc.) calmly and without needing to make a special effort 一跨而过；轻易地解决 (困难)，毫不费

38、力地做；从容处理v E.g.: They took the emergency in their stride. 他们泰然地处理了紧急情况。Paragraphs 31v Some people find retiring difficult, but he has taken it all in his stride. 有人觉得很难适应退休后的生活，但他却能安之若素。v so to speak (say): one could say; as it were 可以说，可谓；恕我直言v E.g.: You are, so to speak, a fish out of water. 你可以说是像

39、离了水的鱼儿。 Paragraphs 31v Therefore I think we must, so to say, resort to more extreme measures. 因此，恕我直言，我认为我们必须采取更为激烈的措施。Paragraphs 32v to this day: even nowParagraphs 33v to be sure: I can not deny that; admittedly 无可否认；诚然；固然；必须承认v E.g.: He is clever, to be sure, but not very hard-working. 他聪明是聪明，但不怎

40、么勤奋。v He is young, to be sure, but experienced. 他固然还年轻，但很有经验。IV. Exercise IV, Workbook 6v scold, reprimand, rebuke, reproach, blamev scold: can often suggest an instance of reproof (责备) for misbehavior that is meted out by a superior, such as a parent or teacher 责骂；斥责:v She scolded the child for bei

41、ng late for school.IV. Exercise IV, Workbook 6v In this situation, the word may specifically imply a distinction between a verbal reproach and reprimands that actually involve some form of punishment. Because of this, the word can sometimes suggest ineffectual attempts at discipline:IV. Exercise IV,

42、 Workbook 6v She scolded her children frequently, but made no attempt to correct their unruly (不驯服的) behavior.v Scold can even suggest continual nagging (唠叨不休) to no purpose, whether about serious faults or about trivialities; here, the relationship need not be between superior and inferior:IV. Exer

43、cise IV, Workbook 6v a woman who constantly scolded her husband about the low pay he earned.v reprimand: indicates a formal and, usually, public or official disapproval. It suggests a direct confrontation between the offender and his critic (正式而严厉地) 申斥，训诫: IV. Exercise IV, Workbook 6v the judge who

44、sharply reprimanded a witness for being evasive and uncooperative.v The military court ordered him to be reprimanded for failing to do his duty. 军事法庭下达裁决令：他工作失职，应受训斥。IV. Exercise IV, Workbook 6v rebuke: is to criticize or call down (责骂) with sharpness, and often with abruptness, usually in the midst

45、 of some action or course of action 指责，非难:v to rebuke a worker whose clumsiness was responsible for the complete breakdown of operations in his department.IV. Exercise IV, Workbook 6v The judge rebuked the police for their treatment of the prisoner. 法官指责警察不该那样对待犯人。IV. Exercise IV, Workbook 6v reproa

46、ch: is to express the kind of disapproval that arises from a personal hurt, anger or grief at someones thoughtlessness or selfishness (难过和失望地) 责备，指责:v reproaching her husband for having forgotten their wedding anniversary.IV. Exercise IV, Workbook 6v blame: consider (someone or something) responsibl

47、e for (something bad) 责怪，怪罪，把归咎于:v They blamed the failure of the talks on the Russians. 他们把会谈的失败归咎于俄国人。v find fault with 找的差错；责备；责难：IV. Exercise IV, Workbook 6v Critics blame the documentary for its one-sided presentation of the situation. 评论家指责那部纪录片片面地反映了当时的事态。Text II The Romance of Wordsv I. Orga

48、nization of the Textv 1. Authors appeal to be conscious about the living words (Paragraphs 1- 3)v 2. Analogies of the living words (Paragraphs 4 - 18)I. Organization of the Textv A. The roots of words - the origin of words (6 - 11)v B. The branches of words - word families (12 - 15)v C. The leaves o

49、f words - words and their meanings (16 - 18)v 3. Summary (Paragraphs 19 - 21)II. Key Points of the Textv Paragraph 1v inordinate: excessive; extreme; beyond reasonable limitsv E.g.: an inordinate cigarette-smoker 吸烟无度的人v He has an inordinate thirst. 他极感口渴。 Paragraph 1v She always spent an inordinate

50、 length of time in the bathroom. 她总是要在浴室里呆上好久。v in / into condition: fit; healthyv c.f.: out of condition: not fit; unhealthyParagraph 1v E.g.: He knew that he was out of condition from sitting for so long in the office without exercise.v in mint condition: (informal, referring to coins that have ju

51、st been made at a mint, a government factory that makes money) in perfect condition; as if newv E.g.: The car was in mint condition.Paragraph 1v fastidious: selecting carefully; choosing only what is good 爱挑剔的；过分讲究的；要求极高的v E.g.: a fastidious reader 爱挑剔的读者v a fastidious user of English 使用英语极严谨的人Parag

52、raph 1v fussy: (derogatory) too much concerned about details 过分注重细节的；需要特别谨慎的；爱挑剔的v E.g.: fussy bookkeeping procedures 烦琐的簿记程序v a fussy matter 需要谨慎处理的事情v be not fussy about food 不挑食Paragraph 2v superscription: the writing or printing at the top of or on the outside of (a document, etc.) 题字，题词；铭文；(信件、

53、包裹上的) 姓名地址；处方标记(处方上的符号R)v E.g.: the superscription on coins 硬币上的铸文Paragraph 3v wriggle: make quick, short, twisting and turning movements 蠕动v E.g.: A snake wriggled across the road. 一条蛇蜿蜒游过公路。v He wriggled into his sleeping bag. 他扭动身体钻进睡袋。Paragraph 3v He wriggled his way up the crack. 他沿着裂缝扭动着向上爬。v

54、token: an outward sign; something that represents some fact, event, feeling, etc.; small part representing something greater 标志，象征；表示v E.g.: All the family wore black as a token of their grief. 全家都穿黑衣致哀。Paragraph 3v He did that as a token of good faith. 他那样做是为了表示诚意。v tokenism: (AmE) 装点门面 (主义)，表面文章Pa

55、ragraph 3v E.g.: Despite pronouncements about being committed to ending apartheid, many U.S. companies engage merely in tokenism. 许多美国公司尽管公开表示愿意终止种族隔离政策，但只是装点门面而已。Paragraph 8v contrive: cleverly invented or designedv receptacle: container for placing or storing 容器，贮藏所；贮藏器v E.g.: A dustbin is a recep

56、tacle for rubbish. 垃圾箱时盛垃圾的容器。Paragraph 8v He is the receptacle of too many contradictory hopes. 他是个心怀太多矛盾想望的人。Paragraph 10v snooty: proudly rude; supercilious 目中无人的, 高傲自大的v snoot: (slang, especially AmE) the nose 动物的口鼻部, 鼻子v for the nonce: (informal) for the present time; for the time being 暂且; 目前P

57、aragraph 10v haughty: (formal, derogatory) (of people or their acts) appearing proud; arrogant while despising others 倨傲不逊的，傲慢的，神气活现的v E.g.: a haughty person (smile) 自负的人（微笑）v a haughty gait（若无旁人的）高视阔步Paragraph 10v treat somebody with haughty contempt 以不屑一顾的傲慢态度对待某人v a haughty restaurant 气派不凡的大饭店v supercilious: