20160506-英语-黄达理-考前复习锦囊妙计三

1、考前复习锦囊妙计三-名词从句串讲编制人：黄达理编制时间：16.05.06目录CONTENTS1、分值2、讲解与梳理3、经典真题精讲1、分值 单选：12题 完型、阅读中名从长难句：4分左右 写作：用好两个名从，提高4分左右 总10分左右2、讲解与梳理状语从句定语从句从句同位语从句表语从句名词从句宾语从句主语从句I have just received a letter frommy brother, Tim.同位语这位是约翰。他是我最好的朋友之一。This is John, one of my best friends.功能：解释名词他的名字叫PSY,一个著名的韩国歌手。His name is

2、PSY, a famous Korean singer.Angry Birds, the popular mobile game, -MSN 我们中有些人应该学一下英语，这种世界上应用最广泛的语言。 Some of us should learn English, the most widely used language in the world. 我是李华，来自山东。 I am Li Hua. I come from Shandong province. I am Li Hua, an ordinary high school student. I come from Shandong p

3、rovince, a very beautiful place in the northeast part of China.同位语从句He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to=Alice Springs,a small town in the centre of Australia.我讨厌这个地方闻起来像禽类。我讨厌我的房间这么小。 我知道他的地址。 I know his address. 我知道他住这。 I know he lives here. 这本书很有趣。 The book is interesting. 我在看的这本书

4、很有趣。 What I am reading is interesting. 我想要的是你。 What I want is you. 没有人能够确切的知道外星人。 No one knows exactly the life on other planets. 没有人能够确切的知道是否有外星人存在。 No one knows exactly whether there is life on other planets. 我想你的脑子是水做的。 I think that your head is made of water. 英语是一门有用的工具。 English is a useful tool

5、. 英语是所有科目中我最喜欢的。 English is what I like most among all subjects. 我喜欢老人与海这部小说。 I love the novel, The Old Man and the Sea. 我喜欢这句话：是爱而不是时间能够治愈一切创伤。 I love the saying that love, not time heals all wounds.陈述句English is important.一般疑问句Is English important?特殊疑问句Why is English important?陈述句 English is impor

6、tant. ThatEnglish is important is an undoubted fact. 英语很重要，这是毋庸置疑的事实。 He said no word at the meeting was strange. He said that no word at the meeting was strange. That he said no word at the meeting was strange. My concern is thatschool. I think you are right. I think that you are right.the child sh

7、ould be sent to He succeeded in the experiment. The fact that he succeeded in the experimentpleased everybody. 他实验取得了成功，这让大家很高兴。 If you love life, life will love you back. 我已经发现了，如果你爱生活，生活也会爱你。 I have found that if you love li_fe, life will love you back.一般疑问句Is English important? Will he come to my

8、 party? Whether he will come to my party makes no difference to me. 他是否来参加我的聚会对我来说无所谓。if 只用在宾从（介宾不行） 不能和ornot直接连用 Does he need my help? I dont know Whether / ifhe needs my he_l 我不知道他是否需要我的帮助。 ot. Does the bus stop here? Do you know whether the bus_ stops here? Is there life on other planets? Scienti

9、sts have argued over the question whetherthere is life o_n other planets_. 科学家们一直就在是否有外星人这个问题争论不休。特殊疑问句Why is English important? Who is that boy? Tell me who that boy is. 告诉我那个男孩的是谁。 Why did dinosaurs become extinct? Why dinosaurs became extinct is still a mystery. 恐龙为什么会目前还是个未解之谜。 How many letters

10、are there in the English alphabet? I dont know how many letters_ there are in the English alphabet. 我不知道英文字母表里有多少个字母。 Where could we get the loan? There arose the question where we could get the loan. 现在的问题是我们去哪来弄到这笔贷款。 Who will chair the meeting? Who will chair the meetinghas not yet beendecided. 谁

11、将主持这个会议，目前还没有决定。 Should we wait for him? I wonder whether we should wait_ for him. Where do you live? Please tell me where you live. Will people live on the moon someday? I am interested in the question whether people will live on themoon someday. Who is coming to the party? I dont know who is comin

12、g to the party. The question whether English is difficult is still unanswered. My question is whether English is difficult. I dont know whether English is difficult. Whether English is difficult is really a question. Mistakes show us what we still need to learn. What doesnt kill us makes us stronger

13、.总结名词性从句 陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 +that whether / if+变语序 抄疑问词+变语序做主语、宾语、表语、同位语成分句子陈述句English is important.That English is important.一般疑问句Is English important?Whether English is important特殊疑问句Why is English important?Why English is important特殊：介宾不用that 想想她需要什么. Think about what she needs. 想想她是否喜欢。 Think about

14、 whether she likes it. 想想她喜欢它。 Think about that she likes it.that从句不做介宾。 Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. Thats why theyre called the Winter Olympics. In 1936 my real father, Alan Turi

15、ng, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a“universal machine” to solve any difficultmathematical problem. (L29) The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field. 最重要的事是你能参加。 The most important thing is that you can ta

16、ke part in it. 最令人激动的是我们能赢得篮球比赛。 The most exciting thing is that we can win the basketball match. 最令人开心/好玩的是 The happiest /most joyful thing is that . 最搞笑的/的是 The funniest/most amusing/shockingthat.thing is同位语从句 vs 定语从句 结构上 意义上 先行词 结构上：that是否做成分The rumor that he spreadeverywhere turned out to be unt

17、rue.The rumor that Tom was a thief turned out to be untrue. The fact that we talkedabout is very important. The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody. 意义上：that从句的意义 The news that you heard is not true. The news that Lincoln was murdered at a theater is true. The fact that you po

18、inted out made me interested. The fact that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. news，notice，story，idea，fact，promise， question，request，doubt，thought，hope， message，suggestion，reports，evidence， words (消息) I have an idea that we should change. I have a desk that I can use when necessary.

19、Studies show that the things that contribute mostto a sense of happiness cannot be bought, such as a good family life and friendship. When reports came into London Zoo that a wildpuma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. The truth is that marriage is an e

20、mpty box. The beauty of a woman is not in the clothes she wears. Ive brought my umbrella though its not raining. 你知道他什么时候到吗? Do you know when he will arrive? 我的问题是他什么时候到。 My question is when he will arrive. 他什么时候能够到达,在很大程度上要取决于天气。 When he will arrive depends to a large extent on the weather. He came

21、 when I left. He knew when I left. I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. Thats A_I dont agree. You should have amore active life. (10江苏) A.where B.how C.when D.what - Weve only got this small bookcase. Will that do? - No, C_I am looking for is something much bigger a

22、nd stronger. (12上海) A. who B. that C. what D. Which I made a promise to myself Cthis year, my first year in high school, would be different. （ 2012浙江） A. whether B. what C. that D. how English is a language shared by several diverse cultures , each of Auses it somewhat differently. (2011 浙江) A. whic

23、h B. what C. them D. those The notice came around two in the afternoon Bthe meeting would be postponed. （2012江苏） A. when B. that C. whether D. how Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel，David Copperfield，was Bit was rather closely modeled on his own life. (2010北京) Awhat Bthat Cwhy Dw

24、hether Cwas most important to her, she told me, was her family. (08山东) A.It B.This C.What D.As You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is BI disagree. (全国) A.why B.where C.what D.how It was never clear Dthe man hadnt reportedthe accident sooner. (11江苏) A. that B. how C. when D. why Wh

25、en changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know B. (10 上海) A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering Bis known to us all is that the 08 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (08福建) A.It

26、B.What C.As D.Which -Have you finished the book?-No, Ive read up to Dthe children discover the secret cave.（2010全国卷2） A. which B. what C. that D. where Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see D.(高考) A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is The judge paid no attention to Dhe had just l

27、ost his wife. A. that B. which C. what D. the fact that Some researchers believe that there is no doubt Ba cure for AIDS will be found.(2005广东34) A. which B. that C. what D. whether形式主语 功能：避免头重脚轻 形式:adj + 不定式/动名词It+ be+ 从句adj / n / pp地球是圆的，这是一个事实。That the world is round is a fact. It is a fact that

28、the world is round.It is obvious / possible / a fact / no wonder /reported / believed / agreed that What he told you is true. 会议何时举行还没决定。 When the meeting is to be held has not yet been decided.只用动名词的 It is+ no good / no use / no point / a waste of sth (in) +doing sth 解释是浪费时间。 It is a waste of time

29、explaining. 做那个是没有意义的。 It is no point doing that. “It is no use doing what you like. Youve got to like what you do.” Churchill 假装我们还在一起是没有用的。 It is useless pretending that we are still together. 卖萌是没用的。 Its no use pretending to becute . It is+ difficult / better / impossible / important+(for sb) +to

30、 do sth 你赢得比赛是可能的。 It is possible for you to win the game. Though people have often laughed at storiestold状从by seamen, it is now known that many of these形式主语主从monsterswhich have at times been sighted are定从simply strange fish.尽管,是众所周知的。 It is difficult for us to imagine Blife was like for slaves in t

31、he ancient world. (2014山东卷) A. where B. what C. which D. why Its standard practice for a company like thisone C_ a security officer. (2014山东卷) A. employed B. being employed C. to employ D. employs It is still under discussionAthe old bus stationshould be replaced with a modern hotel or not.(2011重庆)

32、A. whether B. when C. which D. where据说 There/名词/代词 +be said to do sth. = It is said that People say that That is said by people He is said to be very nice.据说=It is said that he is very nice. 据说Dan是他班上最帅的。 Dan is said to be the most handsome student in his class. It is said that Dan is the . 据说他已经出国了

33、。 He is said to have gone abroad.=It is said that he has gone abroad. It was reported/thought/hoped that the Great Wall can be seen from space. It was believed by Chinese that the Great Wall. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang，who was reported Cthe world record in the 110-meter hurdl

34、e race. (07辽宁29) A.breaking B.having broken C.to have broken D.to breakWhen引导的定语从句、状语从句、名词从句表定状 Many students say that their time at university is when they can experience pure love. This is a time when love is innocent when two people come together for love, rather than a house, car or a good job.

35、There are no pressures from parents to get married as they are still young. It is a time when they can choose who they love and how they love away from outside pressure. Even though the relationship may break up, it will bring sweet memories in later years.定 区别when引导的定从还是状从？ I graduated from Univers

36、ity when I was 22 years old. I graduated from University last summer, when I was 22 years old. 一、修饰关系不同。定从前有表示时间的名词，状从修饰 动作或状态。 二、位置不同。定从只能后置，状从可前可后。 三、when的作用不同。When在定从做状语，when在状从中不做成分，只起连接主从句的作用。 四、翻译不同。定从根据从句时态，比如过去时译成“那 时”，将来时译成“到时”。而状从的when翻译成“当.” China is now at a stage of accelerated industri

37、alization and urbanization when the contradiction between economic growth and environmental protection is particularly prominent. 定从，不要译成：也正处于 中国目前正处于工业化和城市化加速发展的阶段,此时经济 增长和环境保护之间的矛盾十分突出。 To her, the arguments about little things and other obstacles she and her husband face are forgettable when she

38、thinks back to when she first met her husband. 当她回忆起自己初遇丈夫时的情景,他们之间关于生活琐事的争议和其他矛盾对她来说都能抛到九霄云外去。 第一个状从 第二个宾从，可改成定从：the day when she first met her husbandBecause 引导的主语、表语从句 Just because a novel reads like a movie doesnt mean itshould be one. Just because I dont know your science doesnt mean I dont know things. There is a big difference between activity and accomplishment. Just because you are doing something doesnt mean you are getting anywhere. One mu