信息匹配题的解题方法

1、信息匹配题的解题方法一、寻找关键词句即要阅读过程中要善于所读应用文及其相关的匹配对象，寻找关键词句，整料上不同类别的应用文都有相对固定的要素，如培训班招生广告中多涉及课程、时间、地点、教师、学费、入学条件和联系方式等；剧院介绍则包括位置、联系电话、上演剧目、时间和票价等。而这些要素正是人物信息中个人关注的方面，所以，考生在详读人物信息时可以根据应用文的主题、话题或类别特点，以年龄、爱好、时间、地点、经济条件、工作技能等为线索，找出关键的不同信息。二、寻找相关信息即要依据所读材料的写作特点和写作的表现形式（格式），寻找相关信息点。有的应用文语言精炼简洁，有的甚至以短句、省略句等形式出现，考生应具

2、备这方面的知识和能力，跳过一些与信息关联不大的生词，突破难点，匹配对应的内容。三、比较相同和异同要读懂、弄清匹配项与应用文之间的条件、范围等，有的条件有多个，范围有大有小，要列出要点，对比与其它匹配项的异同，排除干扰项，从而选定条件要点都相一致的那一工页。四、划线关键信息要用笔划出关键点，以便引起注意，有助于记忆、理顺思路。同时，对已选的匹配项，可用笔划线标明，以便减少混乱、减少错误，提高解题速度。3做信息匹配题的经典技巧技巧1 巧用先题后文法先题后文法是同学们做阅读理解非常常用的一种方法，它指的是在做阅读理解题时，先读题目，然后带着问题去读文章，遇上相关信息画上记号，最后再通过分析和比较得出

3、答案。对于信息匹配题来说，“先题后文”指的就是先读匹配对象，然后带着匹配对象中的关键信息阅读前面的信息材料，最后确定答案。这种方法的好处就在于，它可以提高阅读的针对性，从而提高答题速度和答题的准确性。技巧2 巧辨关键信息采用先题后文的方法目的是为了有针对性地寻找答题信息，但有时答题信息不止一个，可能有多个，此时就需要考生能够辨认其中的关键信息，并将其与题目所给对象进行匹配。比如有一篇信息匹配题是这样的，题目先给出几段招聘广告，然后给出几个求职者的工作简历和求职意向进行信息匹配。其中有一个求职者的情况如下：Lynne Nagata. Lynne, aged 65, once worked in

4、a kindergarten. She is now a housewife, helping her daughter with her housework on weekdays. She is looking for a part-time job.同学们读了此信息后，可大致了解Lynne Nagata的基本情况：65岁，曾在幼儿园工作，现为家庭主妇，周日为自己的女儿做家务，求兼职工作。然后同学们带着这些信息去阅读相关广告，初扫一眼，初步对比之后，发现下面这两个广告比较接近：(A) Teacher Needed: Tommys Kindergarten needs 2 teachers

5、/ trainers to help with classes from 9 a.m to 3 p.m. Applicants should have appropriate licenses. For more information visit Tommys Kindergarten in Leicester Square No. 56.(B) Part-time work available: We are looking for retired adults who would like to work part-time at the weekend. Responsibilitie

6、s include answering the telephones and giving customers information. For more information contact us by calling 345-674132.前面的第一则广告中有一个信息很关键，那就是Kindergarten。这个广告初看好像很适合Lynne Nagata，但继续往后面看，就不合适了，因为它要求从早上9点工作到下午3点，且要求具有相应的资格证，这些似乎与Lynne Nagata的信息不很吻合。然后我们再看后面的第二则广告，这里面有好两个关键信息：一是“retried(退休)”与“65岁”很吻

7、合；二是“周末兼职”与“周日帮女儿帮家务”也很吻合，因为只需周日做家务就意味着周末有空。显然答案只能是第二则广告了。请阅读以下职位申请者的信息，然后匹配申请者和他/她拟要申请的职位：Jack Anderson.Jack graduated from the University of Trent with a degree in Economics two years ago. He would like an academic position.Margaret Lillian.Margaret is 21 years old and would like a part time posit

8、ion to help her pay her university expenses. She can only work in the evenings.Alice Fingelhamm.Alice was trained as a secretary and has six years of experience. She is an excellent typist but does not know how to use a computer. She is looking for a full time position.Peter Florian.Peter went to bu

9、siness school and studied computer and secretarial skills. He is looking for his first job and would like a full time position.Lynne Nagata.Lynne, aged 65, once worked in a kindergarten. She is now a housewife, helping her daughter with her housework on weekdays. She is looking for a part time job.申

10、请者申请职位56. Jack Anderson A. full time secretary57. Margaret Lillian B. part time shop assistant58. Alice Fingelhamm C. computer trained secretary59. Peter Florian D. kindergarten teacher60. Lynne Nagata E. part time job at the weekendF. university teaching assistant参考答案：56. F 57. B 58. A 59. C 60. EP

11、eople generally use spices （香料） every day when preparing mealsMost of these spices are readily available in local supermarketsHowever, in the 15th and 16th centuries, spices were as valuable as gold or diamondsSpices are small plants or parts of plants, such as ginger, pepper, vanilla, and cinnamon,

12、 which are used to add flavor to our food1 Such a use for spices actually goes all the way back to Roman timesThe Romans used spices such as cumin and coriander to help preserve foodThe spices came to Europe from countries to the east, such as the islands in the East Indies, Sri Lanka, and India2 Be

13、cause of the long journeys involved, they were very expensiveEuropean sailors began to look for routes to these countries themselves in order to bring back the spices by seaIn 1498, a Portuguese explorer named Vasco Da Gama reached an East Indies island called Calicut 3 In 1519, another Spanish expl

14、orer, Ferdinand Magellan, found a new trade route by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean, around the southern tips of both South America and Africa, and back to Europe4 Portugal was the leader until the end of the 16th centurySpain was in control during much of the next 100 yearsThen, Holland too

15、k overThe Dutch controlled the East Indies, but, in 1780, England defeated them in a famous war 5 They treated the people there badly and made them submit to the British government.India finally became independent from Britain in the 1940sToday, it is still called “the land of spices”In fact, at pre

16、sent India produces 2.5 million tons of spices each year and produced more types of spices than any other countryAFor centuries, Arab traders had carried the spices over land and sold them to European countriesBFor the next four centuries, Western countries raced each other for control of the spice

17、trade in these new countries, which they called the “New World.”CThough they might not be as valuable today as gold or diamonds, spices are still big business around the globe.DSix years earlier, Spanish explorer Christopher Columbus had been looking for spices when he discovered America.EThe Englis

18、h then moved from the islands into India.FThe history of spice is almost as old as human civilization.GIn those times, spices also helped keep meat from spoiling.DADBE一( ) 1. Using your computer correctly. ( ) 2. The way to save paper.( ) 3. A beautiful bridge ( ) 4. A fast and cheap way to send a m

19、essage( ) 5. Experiencing yesterday and tomorrow in one day A. Many people use the paper only on one side. Why not use both sides? Some students only use half thepages in their notebooks. Try to use up all the paper.B. In San Francisco, there is a beautiful bridge. It took more than four years to bu

20、ild it, and the construction was finished in 1937.C. Many people can use computers but few of them know how to use them correctly. Remember the following when you use your computer. Keep your computer in a cool and dry room, do not put water orfood near your computer, keep the screen clean and not t

21、oo bright.D.E-mails are becoming more and more popular. You can send and get e-mails everywhere. It is convenient to use e-mails, and they are much cheaper than long-distance telephone calls.E. When you cross the International Date Line, you change your calendar one full day. Traveling east, today b

22、ecomes yesterday. Traveling west, it is tomorrow.三A. Use computers in right ways.B. How to sleep in spaceC. The importance of exerciseD. Signs and messagesE. Eating and drinking in space1. ( ) As we know, we put food on a plate and water in a glass on earth. Gravity(地心引力) holds the food down and kee

23、ps the water in the glass. But in space, there is almost no gravity. So food can float away, and astronauts must eat and drink carefully.2. ( ) In space, sleeping is very different. Some astronauts like to float in the air, but most astronauts like to be in a sleeping bag. They tie the bag to a wall

24、 so that they cant float at night.3. ( ) Exercise is very important in space. On earth, your legs carry your body, but in space, astronauts float, so they do not use their legs. This is bad for their legs, so they exercise for thirty minutes every day. They often use an exercise bike for this.4. ( )

25、 Many people can use computers, but few of them know how to look after them. Remember the following when you use computers: Keep your computer in a cool, dry room, do not put water or food near your computer, keep your screen clean and not too bright.5. ( ) Some things can carry messages. For exampl

26、e, a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus to take. Signs on the door tell you where to go in or out. Have you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you receive messages from them all the time?参考答案匹配题: 1 C A B D E 3.E B C A D语言结构练习2The USA has a much bigger popula

27、tion than Australia, and 1. _（America） cities are 2. _ crowded than Australian ones. There are not as many mountains in Australia as 3. _ the USA. Both countries have deserts and beautiful 4. _ （beach）. But America has many more rivers than Australia. The northern and central parts of the USA 5. _（有

28、）much more snow in winter than 6. _（副词） in Australia and generally these two areas have a colder 7. _ than Australia does. Australia is in the southern hemisphere and doesnt have its winter at the same time 8. _ countries in the northern hemisphere. Most people in these countries 9. _ the same langu

29、ageEnglish, 10. _ their accents are very different.答案与解析：1.American。此处应该用形容词作定语。2. more。根据than可知,此处是形容词的比较级。3. in。这里是in Australia和in the USA两个介词短语的比较。4. beaches。由句意可知,此处应该用复数名词beaches。5. have。本句的主语是parts,故谓语动词应该用复数形式。6. anywhere,表示“无论何处、不管什么地方”之意。7. winter，根据句意可知。8. as。the same as是固定词组。9. speak。表示讲某

30、种语言时,动词用speak。10. but。此处表示转折关系,而非因果关系。配对阅读。阅读左栏五则个人的相关信息，然后根据他们的需要在右栏AG中找出与他们匹配的信息，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。(有两个多余项)66.Kate likes to buy a house to live with her family in Guangming Road. Which message is she interested in?67.Michael wants to go to the hospital .Which information is he interested in?68.Ivy wants

31、 to have a pen pal in China. Which message will draw her attention?69.Molly wants to learn French .Whichmessage will interest her?70.John loves animals. Which information will Draw his attention?A. Do you like children? Can you help children with their homework? We need teachers here.Please call All

32、an atB. Go down Renming Road. The hospital is on your right. Its between the bank and the park.C. If you want to see our cars here, come at 10:00 on Monday morning. We are waiting for you.D. Do you like animals? We have all kinds of animals here. Come and see for yourself.E. Do you wan

33、t to learn English? Do you want to learn Chinese? Do you want to learn Japanese? We have very good language teachers here. Come and have a look.F. Heool, my name is Chen Lina. I am Chinese. I want to have a pen pal.G.I need to go to the United States for my further study. Anyone who interested in my

34、 house in Guangming Road can call me at 6670 GBFED ( A )( )61. Be polite and friendly. Remember to put yourself in social situations. Restaurants, shops and parks are all great places to meet people. If you want to make local friends in a country, stay near the places the locals often v

35、isit.( )62. Keep a small photo album in your bag when you travel. Photos of family, friends and pets will help your new friends learn more about you. They will share their similar experiences with you, and it will help you learn more about your new friends.( )63. Can you help your new friends improv

36、e their Chinese? Can you cook a traditional Chinese meal? By sharing your experiences, you can have a close relationship with your new friends that they wont soon forget.( )64. Many foreigners love Chinese goods but have to pay a lot when buying them in their homeland, so youd better prepare some gi

37、fts such as silks, tea and china (瓷器). They are always popular.( )65. If you and your new friends get along well, you can give them your information and plan to live in each others house for your next trip. Then you can visit their countries and stay in their houses while they stay in yours. In this

38、 way you will improve your friendship and live like a local abroad, but pay less for traveling.A. Exchange houses B. Send some photosC. Be friendly to the locals D. Give Chinese presentsE. Take a photo album with you F. Share something special about China6165 CEFDA ( D )Everybody likes to have a goo

39、d time, but do you know that laughing is very good for your health? Scientists believe that laughing can help your body fight illness. Because of this, an Indian doctor opened the first laughter club in 1995.Now there are more than 1,000 laughter clubs around the world. A laughter club is a place wh

40、ere you can go to laugh in your way for happiness and good health. Steve Wilson, the man who took laughter clubs to America, said, “We laugh with each other, but never at each other. At first, the laughter exercise feels a bit false. But soon the laughter becomes real. ”Laughter is very important wh

41、en we communicate with other people. It helps us make friends and understand each other better. We can laugh with people all over the world. It is the same in any language. So never be afraid to laugh. Its good for your health.Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Only one word for each blank

42、. Laughing can make us happy and (76) .The first laughter club (77) opened in 1995. Now there are (78) 1,000 laughter clubs all over the world. We can go to a laughter club to laugh for our health, but remember (79) to laugh at each other. Laughter is an international language. It is (80) to each ot

43、hers understanding. Lets laugh with people around us.76. healthy 77. was 78. over 79. not 80. helpful/important/useful/necessary/good初中英语配对阅读专项练习： （一）将下面五个人的性格特征和某报社编辑给他们的交友建议相匹配。 ( )66.Sara likes to make friends with popular people, because she finds it easier to communicate with them. ( )67.When J

44、ane is happy, she likes to talk to everyone in her class. But when she feels sad, she doesnt even say “hi” to anyone. ( )68.Paul is poor in his study, and he always feels shy to talk with others, so he has very few friends. ( )69.When Peter feels uncomfortable talking with someone, he often look her

45、e and there. ( )70.Susan is a good student, but she is never sure what to talk about when she stays with others. A. Be confident in yourself. Everyone has its good qualities. People who have self-confidence are more attractive.B. It is not polite to look around when talking with people. Try to look

46、people in the eye even youre not interested in the conversation. Then people will find it easier to talk to you. C. Try to make friends with kinds of people, not just with those who are easy to communicate. Then you will find there are greater chances for making friends. D. Once you get to know a pe

47、rson, find more chances to meet. For example, you can play soccer together or have a short travel. Then you will each other well. E. Try to help others. For instance, look after people who are ill or help people take care of their pets. Be kind to others and you will be treated kindly. F. Other will

48、 think you are strange if you are friendly one day and dont talk the next day. Learn to share (分享) your feelings with others. Share your sadness with your others, and you will be happy again. G. Care about whats happening in the world. Read more newspapers, listen to the top CDs, and find out someth

49、ing about new sports or movie stars. Then talk about things that a person may interested in. 答案：66. C 67. F 68. A 69. B 70. G（二） 将五个人的情况介绍和他们将要参加的活动相匹配。 ( )66. Anna is very busy with her job in the company, so she often feels nervous and tired. She hopes to do some suitable exercise to relax herself

50、 at weekends. ( ) 67. Maria comes from Australia. Now she is studying in Guangzhou University. She is very happy in China. But now what worries her most is that she is getting fatter and fatter because of the delicious Chinese food. So shed like to find a way to keep fit ( )68. Bill has won the firs

51、t prize in the National English Speech Contest. He is going to invite his classmates to a place to have a celebration (庆祝) and fun. ( ) 69. Lisa is a smart girl studying in a university. She does well in all his subjects accept Computer Science. Now she has made up his mind to improve her computer l

52、esson because it is necessary for many jobs. ( )70. Jimmy is a middle school student. He loves nature and has a wide interest. He is especially interested in visiting some place where there are lots of animals and plants.A. Online Computer Training course On this website, you can find many free comp

53、uter learning materials. There are many levels from low beginners to high beginners, from simple computer using articles to computer operating videos. You certainly can find what you need. B. Night Adventure (冒险) Put on your warm clothes, and come for a night walk along the Wild Animal Park. A guide

54、 will lead the tour. Many of the animals youll see on this trip can only be seen at night. Call 86791286 to join us. C. Chinese Painting ClassYou can learn the skills of painting a bird, flower, or person with brushes. Tools and materials are provided. We have both day and night lessons. Tel: 678162

55、79.D. Party Themed Cafe This is a good place to enjoy wide choices. We will offer freshly-made dessert, hot drinks and dishes. And you can decorate (装饰) your party what your like. Here you can find good service and great funE. Healthy Diet Program The two month program helps you discover how to be t

56、hin and healthy! Call us at 75763457 to get more information. F. Yoga Club Yoga is a good way to stretch your bodies and relax your minds. Unlike ball games or climbing, it doesnt exhaust you, especially after five days of work. Call us at 88635627 if you want to join us. G. A Speech of Science Heal

57、th Is it possible to build up our health without much exercise? The answer is “Yes”，according to the Chinese traditional medicine This weekend Dr Cheung will tell you how massage helps you improve your health in an easy way. 答案：66. F 67. E 68. D 69. A 70.（三）为下面五个人挑选合适的礼物。 ( )66. Andy likes music and outdoor sports. He would like so