必修五第五单元知识点

1、必修五Unit51 Aid (v)帮助; 援助=help sb帮助某人去做. aid sb to do在事帮助某人 aid sb in He aided me in business.I aided her to continue her study.n /U/帮助; 援助在某人的帮助下with the aid of 为了帮助 in aid ofTeachers give their lessons with the aid of computers. He raised money in aid of the sick.知识拓展：give/offer aid 援助come to sb.s a

2、id 帮助某人cut off aid （突然）终止援助 teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救护a hearing aid 助听器2. temporary adj.暂时的，临时的 temper n. 脾气temporary relief from pain短暂的解痛temporary work/ solution临时工作/解决办法 3. fall ill fall+ adj.（非延续性动词，瞬间的：ill，asleep，awake，sick，silent，）His wife suddenly _ _ last week.She has _ _ for a week.f

3、ell illbeen ill4 get+过去分词 表被动或状态get done完成My bike is getting repaired now.get injured受伤get dressed穿衣服get damaged遭到破坏The computer got damaged when we were moving.get changed 改变get married结婚Peter and Mary got married last year.get infected被感染get broken被弄破My glasses got broken while I was playing baske

4、tball.get lost迷失，走失5 injure v. Injury n. Injured adj.He got _ at work. 他干活时腿受了重伤。(injury)He _ in the accident. 他在意外事故中受了伤。(injure)答案:injuries to the legs （injury to sth. （部位）的伤） got injuredhurt肉体，精神上的伤害（一般用语），疼痛injure意外或事故而受伤wound指外伤（刀、枪、剑伤）He got _ in the fighting.He was badly _ in a car accident.H

5、er words _ me deeply.I _ my back when I fell.My feet _ .答案：wounded injured hurt hurt injured6. bleed-blood-bloody(v.)(n.) (adj.)His nose was bleeding. = He wasbleeding at the nose .= He has a bloody nose.他在流鼻血。bleed for为而流血, 悲痛bleed to death出血过多而死lose blood流血、失血7. choke vi. & vt. 窒息; 阻塞She choked wi

6、th emotion. 她激动得说不出话来。The smoke almost choked me. 烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来。The man gave a few chokes and then got his breath.那个男人噎了几下才喘过气来。8. essential adj. 最重要的，不可缺少的，本质的be essential to+名词.It is essential for sb to do sthIt is essential that sb (should) do1)Sun and water are essential to the growth of crops.阳光和

7、水是农作物生长不可缺的。2)It is essential for us to set our study goal.我们有必要来设定我们的学习目标。3)It is essential that you (should) win the votershearts.赢得选民的信任是至关重要的。9.poison n./vt. 毒药，毒害；毒害，使中毒 eg:1)Poisons must be put out of childrens reach.毒药一定要放在孩子们够不到的地方。 2)Books of this kind can make poison to children.这类书会对儿童造成毒

8、害。 3)The polluted water in the river poisoned people here.污染了的河水使这儿的人中毒。 poisonous adj. 有毒(害)的eg: This medicine is poisonous if taken in large tectagainst/ from保护不受的损害preventfrom doing 阻止Wear sunglasses to _.You need warm clothes_.Nobody can _ (阻止他们结婚)答案：protect your eyes from stron

9、g light to protect you against cold prevent them from getting marriedIt is my duty to _ my students from being hurt when they are in danger. A. prevent B. save C. stop D. protect答案：Dprevent sb. (from) doingstop sb. (from) doingkeep sb. from doing11. sense (n. & v.)five senses：sense of smellsense of

10、hearingsense of touchsense of sightsense of tastesense of humour、duty、directionThe man has no common sense . (无常识)What he said made no sense.(没道理)sense (v.) 感觉到Although she didnt say anything, I sensed that she didnt like the idea.(我感觉到她不喜欢这个主意）12. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it

11、 can be very serious. 该句是一个主从复合句，主句为：So if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious；从句为：as you can imagine.as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容，有“正如”或“就象”的意思；它所引的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。另外，该句的主句中还含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：As you can see, if they are not properly protected, the farmlands will become desserts sooner

12、or later. 正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。as we all know = as is known to all as we expect = as is expected as everybody can seeas you can imagine13.various adj.不同的，各种各样的There are various colors to choose from.vary vi 1.(in sth)=be different in size, strength, etc(尺寸，力量等)呈现不同varyv. (with sth); (from sth t

13、o sth)Prices vary with seasons. 物价随季节而变动Her mood varied from optimism to extreme depression. 她的情绪由乐观一变而为极度消沉variety n. 变化，多样性，种类We all need variety in our diet. 我们都需要饮食多样化The shopping center sells a variety of goodsa variety of+名词,谓语动词的数和后面的名词保持一致14.depend on取决于,依赖,依靠,信赖,信任His whole familydepends on

14、 him他全家都靠他养活. He isamanto be dependedon他是个可以信赖的人dependent ( adj. ) dependence ( n. ) 反义词：independent ( adj. ) independence (n.)独立15. 词语辨析:electric电的,发电的,由电产生的,用于导电的.electrical有关电的,与电有关的.electricity电,电力. 电力学electric generator 发电机, electric cooker 电炉,electric iron 电熨斗, electric engineer 电机工程师18.stick

15、sth. to sth. 粘住Stick the to paper my fingers.stick to doing sthstick to 坚持stick to ones view坚持自己的观点19. 不可数n. Jewellery=jewelry 珠宝(总称) 可数n. jewel 珠宝，珍视的人、物She locked her jewels in the jewellery box.The _ were kept in the safe.Many women like to buy as much _ as possible.Father always says I am his _

16、.答案：Jewel jewellery jewelsMy sister has _ .A. a piece of jewellery B. a jewelleryC. a little of jewels D. a bit jewellery答案 ：A20.-y是个形容词后缀。如：windy有风 hilly多小山的 sleepy困倦的 greeny略呈绿色的 spicy辛辣的 woody树木茂密的21. un否定前缀，不能.,无法. Unbearable unforgettable unwilling unusual uncertain unfairUnfit unbelievable unf

17、ortunate unlike uncomfortable22. in place在适当的地方。如：Youd better put things back in place.你最好把你的东西放回原位。Her dress was out of place at the ceremony.（不得体,不适当）in place 还有“准备就绪”的意思。如：The arrangements for the concert next Saturday are all in place.周六的音乐会已经准备就绪。With everything in place, she started the slide

18、show.27. Pour及物动词：vt1. 倒,灌,注She poured herself another cup of tea. 她为自己又倒了一杯茶。 2. 倾注;大量投入;大量生产They have poured money into the tourist industry. 他们已经把大笔钱投入了旅游业。3 倾吐,诉说She often pours her troubles to friends. 她经常向朋友们倾诉自己的苦恼。不及物动词：vi1. 倾泻,涌流The crowd poured out of the concert hall. 人群从音乐厅涌出来。 2. 斟茶Shal

19、l I pour? 我来斟茶好吗?3 (雨)倾盆而降(+down)The rain poured steadily down. 大雨不停地倾盆而下。 Pour cold water on/over对泼冷水Pour oil on the flames火上浇油Pour oil on troubled waters平息风波I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. There are over 115 different kinds of _ (poison) snakes in Australia.2. Doctors in that hospital are developing a new _

20、(treat) for cancer.3. This machine has an _ (electric) fault.（与电有关的）4. If he _ (blood) too much, his life will be in danger.5. His foot was burned by hot water and there were several _ (water) blisters on it.答案：poisonous treatment electrical bleeds wateryII. 根据句意, 选择适当的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空。1. protect; def

21、enda. Taking an umbrella can _ you from rain.b. Schools should give children lessons on how to _ themselves.答案：protect protect / defend2. wound; injure; hurta. She was badly _ when she fell off her bike.b. His leg _ when he walks.c. The soldier got a serious _ in the war.答案：hurt / injured wound hurts3. insist on; stick to a. Once a decision has been made, all of us should _ it.b. They _ leaving that day.c. He always _ his promise.答案：s