职业健康和安全培训

1、职业健康和安全培训,1,Occupational Health and Safety Training职业健康和安全培训,Session 1: 第一节 Occupational Health and Safety Program职业健康和安全方案,职业健康和安全培训,2,Objectives目标,By the end of this session, you will be able to:通过本节,你将能 Implement an Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) Program in your laboratory在你所在的实验室实施职业健康和安全

2、(OH&S)方案 List the components of an Occupational Health and Safety Manual列出(OH&S) 手册内容 List the components of a Joint Health and Safety Committee列出健康和安全联合委员会的内容 Create a company Safety Policy制定公司安全政策 Perform a Job Hazard Analysis实施工业安全分析,职业健康和安全培训,3,Occupational Health and Safety Program 职业健康和安全方案,职业

3、健康和安全培训,4,Occupational Health and Safety Program职业健康和安全方案,OHS Programs are designed to:设计OHS方案的目的: Prevent occupational injuries预防职业伤害 Prevent occupational disease预防职业疾病,职业健康和安全培训,5,Occupational Health and Safety Program contd,This is achieved by implementing通过以下方式建立 An OHS Manual OHS手册 A Joint Heal

4、th and Safety Committee健康和安全联合委员会,职业健康和安全培训,6,Occupational Health and Safety Program contd,Joint Health and Safety Committee健康和安全联合委员会 -Safety Manager安全经理 -Worker Representatives工人代表 -Management Representatives管理者代表 Job Hazard Analysis工作危害分析 Basic OHS Manual基础OHS手册 Job Hazard Analysis工作危害分析 Specific

5、 Standard Operating Procedures专门标准操作程序 Updates to the OHS Manual按OHS手册更新,职业健康和安全培训,7,Occupational Health and Safety Manual 职业健康和安全手册,职业健康和安全培训,8,OHS Manual OHS手册,What is an OHS Manual?什么是OHS手册 Communicates a companys safety policy传达公司的安全政策 Communicates management and staff responsibilities regarding

6、 safety传达管理者和人员有关安全的职责 Provides reference to accessible and controlled safety procedures提供得到和控制安全程序信息 Outlines mandatory, ongoing safety training概述强制的,持续安全培训 Drives all safety activities推动所有安全活动,职业健康和安全培训,9,Joint Health and Safety Committee 健康和安全联合委员会,职业健康和安全培训,10,Joint Health and Safety Committee健康

7、和安全联合委员会,What is a Joint Health and Safety Committee (aka Safety Committee)?什么是健康和安全联合委员会 A committee responsible for health and safety within the lab实验室内负责健康和安全的委员会 Meet on a regular basis (ex: once per month)定期开会(如一个月一次) Consists of 成员包括: Safety manager安全经理 Management representative(s)管理者代表 Worker

8、 representatives 工人代表 British Columbia卑斯省 Consists of a minimum of 4 people包含至少四个人 At least half of committee must be worker representatives委员会成员至少有一半是工人代表,职业健康和安全培训,11,Joint Health and Safety Committee健康和安全联合委员会,What does a Safety Committee do?安全委员会做什么? Develops and implements制定和实施 Safety policies安

9、全政策 Safety training and education安全培训和教育 Monitors safety policies and programs through监控安全政策和方案 Inspections检查 Recommending corrective and preventative actions to management向管理者建议纠正和预防措施 Implementing corrective and preventative actions 实施纠正和预防措施 Responds to employee complaints and suggestions concern

10、ing health and safety对员工有关健康和安全的投诉和建议进行反馈,职业健康和安全培训,12,Safety Committee Meetings安全委员会会议,How does a Safety Committee Organize its work?安全委员会如何组织工作 Monthly Safety Committee Meetings每月的安全委员会会议 Safety Manager prepares an agenda安全经理制定日程 Facilitates safety meetings推动安全会议 Includes包括 Review of previous meet

11、ings issues前次会议问题的回顾 Updates on actions in-progress正在执行措施的更新 Review of relevant regulations回顾相关法律 Issues brought up by safety committee representatives or staff安全委员会代表或员工提出的议题,职业健康和安全培训,13,Safety Committee Meetings cont安全委员会会议,Safety Committee representative prepares minutes of each meeting安全委员会代表准备

12、每次会议的会议纪要 Communicates results of safety meetings传达安全会议结果 Copied to复本发给 Upper management上一级管理层 Each member of the safety committee安全委员会的每名成员 Each department within the laboratory实验室的每个部门 Archived for a minimum of two years存档至少2年,职业健康和安全培训,14,Safety Policy 安全政策,职业健康和安全培训,15,Safety Policy安全政策,A brief

13、statement outlining主要声明 The employers commitment to safety雇主对安全的承诺 Safety goals安全目标 How safety goals will be achieved如何实现安全目标,职业健康和安全培训,16,Safety Policy安全政策,Example:实例 JR Laboratories aims to provide a safe, healthy and secure working environment to all staff members, thereby preventing work related

14、 accidents, injuries, and illnesses. This is achieved by providing accessible and controlled safety procedures, and scheduled mandatory safety training, through an Occupational Health and Safety Program. JR Laboratories is committed to maintaining a level of safety in the laboratory that complies wi

15、th the requirements set out in the Workers Compensation Act. JR实验室为所有员工提供安全,健康的工作环境,防止工作相关的事故,伤害和疾病.这通过获得和控制安全程序,定期的强制性安全培训,职来健康和安全方案来实现.JR实验室承诺保持安全等级.符合工人赔偿法令所明确的要求.,职业健康和安全培训,17,Job Hazard Analysis 工作危害分析,职业健康和安全培训,18,What is a Job Hazard Analysis?什么是工作危害分析,A job hazard analysis (JHA) is a procedu

16、re which integrates accepted health and safety principles and practices, into a particular operation 工作危害分析(JHA)是一种程序,将可接受的健康和安全原则和运作并入特定的运作中.,职业健康和安全培训,19,How is a Job Hazard Analysis Performed?如何实施工作危害分析,Each basic step of a job is examined to identify potential hazards and to determine the safest

17、 way to perform the job 检查工作的每一基本步骤,识别潜在危害,确定履行工作的最安全方式 Two basic methods of conducting a JHA can be used separately, or in combination实施JHA的基本方法可单独或合并使用以下方式 Observation观察 Group Discussion小组讨论,职业健康和安全培训,20,Conducting a JHA: Observation Method实施JHA: 观察方法,Observation观察 Workers are observed performing

18、the job in question观察员工履行工作 Advantages:优点 does not rely on individual memory不依赖于个人记忆 A “fresh set of eyes” may recognize hazards that have otherwise gone unnoticed”另一双眼睛“可能识别未引起注意的危害,职业健康和安全培训,21,Conducting a JHA:实施JHAGroup Discussion Method小组讨论方法,Group Discussion 小组讨论 The job in question is discuss

19、ed amongst a group在小组内讨论相关工作 Experienced workers有经验的员工 Supervisors监督员 Joint health and safety committee members健康和安全联合委员会成员 Concerned staff相关人员 Advantage of this method:优点 a wider base of knowledge and experience is taken into consideration可以吸纳更广泛的知识和经验,职业健康和安全培训,22,Benefits of a Job Hazard Analysis

20、工作危害分析的益处,Identifies previously undetected hazards 识别以前未发觉的危害 Increases job knowledge 增进工作知识 Raises health and safety awareness提高健康和安全意识 Improves communication amongst co-workers 促进员工间的交流 Promotes acceptance of safe work procedures促进安全工作程序的认可,职业健康和安全培训,23,Benefits of a Job Hazard Analysis contd工作危害分

21、析益处,Completed JHA reports may be used for:完整的JHA报告可用于 Future training将来的培训 Developing workplace inspection checklists制定工作场所检查表 Completing accident investigations完成事故调查,职业健康和安全培训,24,Conducting a Job Hazard Analysis工作危害分析的实施,Four basic stages:四个阶段 1. Select the job to be analysed选择被分析的工作 2. Break the

22、job down into a sequence of steps 将工作按步骤顺序分解 3. Identify potential hazards 识别潜在危害 4. Determine preventive measures to overcome these hazards 确定预防措施,克服这些危害,职业健康和安全培训,25,Stage 1: Selecting the Job步骤1:选择工作,Consider the following factors when prioritizing jobs needing hazard analysis: 当决定哪些工作需危害分析时,考虑以下

23、因素 Accident frequency and severity 事故频率和严重性 Potential for severe injuries or illnesses 潜在的严重伤害或疾病 Newly established jobs新工作 Modified jobs 改进的工作 Infrequently performed jobs不经常做的工作,职业健康和安全培训,26,Stage 2: Breaking the Job Down into a Sequence of Steps将工作按步骤顺序分解,General rules通用规则 A job step is a segment

24、of an operation necessary to advance the work工作步骤是履行工作的一部分 Most jobs can be described 10 steps or less大多数工作可以10步骤或更少来描述 Start each step with an ACTION verb每一个步骤的开始用动词描述,职业健康和安全培训,27,Stage 2 contd续,Assign an immediate supervisor and/or member of the OHS committee to:将任务分配给该工作最直接的监督员或OHS委员会成员 Observe

25、the worker performing the job观察员工履行工作 Define steps and record them in correct sequence确定步骤,以正确的顺序记录 Ensure the worker understands that:确保员工了解: The job, not the individual, is being studied研究的是工作,而不是人 The workers experience is an important asset in the JHA process工人的经验是JHA过程的最重要的资产,职业健康和安全培训,28,Stage 3: Identifying Hazards步骤3:识别危害,Evaluate each step to determine if any of the following hazards are present:评价每一步骤,确定是否存在下列危害 Physical物理 Chemical化学 Biological生物 Ergonomical人类工程学 Record all hazards identified 记录所有识别出的危害,