2018年高考英语二轮复习第二部分知识运用篇专题4语法填空第1讲动词的时态语态及主谓一致课件.pptx

1、专题四语法填空,知识运用篇,第二部分,有提示词填空 第一讲动词的时态、语态及主谓一致,技 能 突 破,技法1：基本定义需记牢 高考语法填空对时态的考查多为基本定义的考查，因此掌握高考考试说明中规定的时态的基本用法对解题非常重要,(2016全国卷)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and_ (be) too violent for use at the table. 解题思路 分析句子结构句子缺少谓语 根据从句中的would及连词and判断谓语动词表示过去联想表示过去的时态的基本定义 尝试解答：_,were,(20

2、16北京高考改编)I _(read) half of the English novel，and Ill try to finish it at the weekend. (2016北京高考改编)Jack _ (work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I _ (leave)my book in the cafe. The best information about hotels usually _(come)from friends who have be

3、en there.,have read,was working,had left,comes,技法2：时间状语要明了 在高考语法填空中，有时会直接给出时间标志，考生可以根据所给标志词或时间状语轻松得出答案。,(2016四川高考)Then，after two and a half years，the mother_(drive)the young panda away. 解题思路 分析句子结构句子缺少谓语 根据时间状语after two and a half years判断表示过去的情况 尝试解答：_,Drove,技法解读牢记各种时态常用标志词 看到always，usually，often，so

4、metimes，every week (day，year，month.)，once a week(day，year，month.)，on Sundays等时间状语，想到一般现在时； 看到yesterday，last时间(如1astweek，month. year，Monday等)，in过去的年份，时间ago(如a few minutes ago，two weeks ago，years ago等)，before，the age of，the other day，once upon a time，时间段later等时间状语，要想到用一般过去时； 看到tomorrow，next day(week，m

5、onth，year.)，soon，the day after tomorrow，in时间段(in two hours，in a few minutes等)，in the future等时间段，要想到用一般将来时；,看到now，at this time，at this moment，look，listen，at present，these days，this week等标志词，要想到用现在进行时； 看到for一段时间，since时间点，since时间段ago，ever since，so far，ever，never，just，yet，lately，recently，up to now，in/du

6、ring/over the past/last一段时间，要想到用现在完成时； 看到by/before/by the end of/by the time of过去时间点，要想到用过去完成时。,(2015全国卷)This cycle _(go) day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures. Once up on a time，there _ (be)a sill

7、y emperor who loved clothing more than anything else. At the moment，he is _(write)an article which is related to the origin of human beings. In the last few years，China _ (make) great achievements in environmental protection.,goes,was,writing,has made,技法3：语境理解少不了 高考对动词的考查更关注通过语境解题，因此学会判断上下文的语境信息很关键。

8、,(2017江苏高考)The publication of Great Expectations, which _(be)both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist. 解题思路 分析句子结构句子缺少谓语 根据主句时态strengthened判断从句谓语表达过去发生的事情 尝试解答：_,was,技法解读 句子没有明确的时间状语，考生需借助上下文语境，挖掘 出隐含信息，弄清动作发生的时间以及顺序，才能得出答案。,(2014全国卷)In 1969，the pollu

9、tion is terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It _(be)unimaginable that it could be ever cleaned up. To my delight，I _(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. I went to Ningxia and _(stay) there for one year，teaching as a volunteer.,was,was chosen,staged,技

10、法4：固定句式很重要 固定句式在高考语法填空中占有一席之地，因此记牢它们对解题非常关键。,(2017天津高考) I _(drive)down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. 解题思路 分析句子结构使用固定结构“was/were doing.when.正在.就在这时突然.”。 根据固定结构判断主句中时态应用过去进行时 尝试解答：_ 解析：考查固定句型was/were doing.when.正在.就在这时突然.。句意：我正驾车开往伦敦，就在这时我突然发现自己走错了路。,was driving,技法解读牢记几

11、种固定句式 看到no sooner.than.或hardly.when.，要想到主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时； 看到并列连词when，要想到与was/were doing连用； 看到It/This/That is序数词that从句，要想到从句用现在完成时； 看到It/This/That was序数词that从句，要想到从句用过去完成时； 看到It/This is最高级十名词that从句，要想到从句用现在完成时； 看到“祈使句and/or陈述句”，要想到陈述句用一般将来时。,Its said that this is the first time the painting _(show)

12、to the public，which attracts many people. It goes without saying that this is the best place I _(be) to. Yesterday，I _(wait)for bus when the rain started to come down. Put your heart into study，and you _(make)a lot of progress soon.,has been showed,have been,was waiting,will make,技法5：逻辑关系要理清 搞清句中主语与

13、谓语动词的逻辑关系是做题的根本。如果主语和谓语存在主动关系，用主动语态；如果主语和谓语存在被动关系，用被动语态。,(2016全国卷)Truly elegant chopsticks might_(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 解题思路 分析句子结构句子缺少谓语 判断主语chopsticks与谓语make的逻辑关系被动关系 尝试解答：_,be made,技法解读 (1)牢记高考常考的几种时态的被动语态,(2)不能用被动语态的动词和短语 不及物动词(短语)没有宾语，故不能用于被动语态。take place，come true，c

14、ome about，break out，appear，happen，disappear，last，arise等。 表示主语特征的词，如read，wash，write，sell，wear，lock，break，catch，cut，drive，open等，常与not，hardly，well，easily，badly，nicely等副词连用。 系动词如appear，be，become，fall，feel，get，grow，keep，look，remain，seem smell，sound，stay，taste，turn等不能用于被动语态。,(2016四川高考)The giant，panda _ (l

15、ove)by people throughout the world. (2016江苏高考改编)More efforts，as reported，_ (make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply side structure reform. (2017江苏高考)He hurried home，never once looking back to see if he _(follow) Some people eat with their eyes.They prefer to order what _(look)nice. Because

16、of the heavy snow，a serious accident _(happen) to the family.,is loved,will be made,was being followed,looks,happened,技法6：主谓一致原则 (2016全国卷)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow_(be) often acceptable. 解题思路 分析句子结构句子缺少谓语 动名词短语作主语可判断谓语动词用单数 尝试解答：_,is,技法解读 (1)语法一致原则 主语是单数形式时，谓语动词就用单数形式；主语是复数形式时

17、，谓语动词就用复数形式。 当and连接两个或多个名词，或both.and.连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，no less than，rather than，including，besides，like，except，but等词或短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。 “a number of名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。 不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Reading is learning.读书就是学习。 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语保持一致。,(2)意义一致原则 即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。 由and连接的两个名词，如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词)，则谓语动词用单数形式。 表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词及词组作主语时，一般被看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式。 集体名词(如family，team，crowd，company，class，g