选修6 unit2 语法

1、Grammar,Unit 2,虚拟语气,虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设,该语法主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于主语从句、 表语从句、宾语从句等。 通常有三种情况： 与过去事实相反。 与现在事实相反。 与将来事实可能相反。,虚拟语气,1. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法,动词过去式(或were),should/ would /could/ might+动词原形,had+过去分词,should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词,should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形,1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词

2、原形,2.wish 引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,过去式（were）,had+过去分词 could + have +过去分词,would/could/might+动词原形,He wished he _in such affairs. (involve) I wish I _a bird. (be),had never been involved,were,I would rather you could teach me again. I would rather_. 我宁愿他们明天来。 The manager would rather that his secretary_. 经理宁愿他的秘书

3、代替他去开会。,3、would rather 后的宾语从句,would rather that,与现在事实相反 did 与过去事实相反 had done 与将来事实相反 did,they came tomorrow,went to the meeting instead of him,4.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气,一个坚持 _ 两个命令 _ 三个建议 _ 五个要求 _,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形, 或者将should省略。 The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his

4、weight. He insisted that we (should) tell him the news.,insist,order, command,advise, suggest, propose,demand, require, request, desire ask,在suggestion， proposal， order， plan， idea， advice， decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中，要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用should动词原形。另外连接从句的that不能省略。例： 1.My suggestion is that we （should） go

5、there at once. 2.What do you think of his proposal that we （should ）put on a play at the English evening? 3.My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.,5、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气,2020/8/18,It is strange that_. 他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。 It is a great pity that_. 他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。 It is natural th

6、at_. 鸟在树上安歇是很自然的。 It is necessary that_. 有必要立即派他去北京。,6主语从句Its necessary/strange/natural/urgent/ important/a pity/no wonder/impossible + that 从句中的动词要用虚拟, 即(should)+动词原形,he ( should ) say so,he ( should ) think so,a bird ( should ) rest in trees,he (should)be sent to Beijing right away,7主语从句It is/was

7、suggested /ordered / demanded / proposed / etc. 结构中要使用虚拟语气。Its suggested that the plan(should) be carried out. It is ordered that all the troops (should) withdraw three miles away. 根据命令，所有部队撤至三英哩以外。 It is arranged that he_. 照安排，他星期五动身去加拿大。 It is suggested that_ _. 有人建议，英语晚会周六举行。,(should)leave for Ca

8、nada on Friday,the English evening (should) be,held on Saturday,It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用did/were或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。 It is high time that_. 该是我们吃午饭的时候了。 It is time that_. 该是他作出决定的时候了。,8、主语从句It is (high) time that,we had our lunch,he made up his mind,9、由if only （要是，那该多好啊！）引导的惊叹句。和wish

9、引导的宾语从句用法一样。,If only I had passed the test ！If only it stopped raining！ 比较if only与only if only if表示“只有”；if only则表示“如果就好了”。 I wake up _the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。_the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响了，就好了。,only if,If only,10,as if / as though,以as if 、as though（似乎，仿佛）引出的方式状语或表语从句，如果表示真实情况应该用陈述语气；,1

10、1,The little boy knows so many things as if he were a man. The boy acted _ he had never lived in Canada before. A. as though B. even if C. as D. since,2020/8/18,12、虚拟语气的其它用法在英语中，一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子，也需要使用虚拟语气。如：Would you mind smoking here ？May you be lucky！Long live the people of China ！God s

11、ave me.,2020/8/18,1.It was urgent that he _ her immediately. A. calls B. called C. call D. would call 2. Its high time that something _ to prohibit selling fake commodities. must be done B. was done C. be done D. were done 3. There was a traffic jam; otherwise I _ here on time. A. would be B. had be

12、en C. should be D. would have been 4.I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I _ there. A. was B. were C. had been D. went,2020/8/18,5.The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given 6. It is strange that

13、 such a thing _ in your school. A. will happen B. happens C. should happen D. happened 7. Id rather you _ right away. A. leave B. left C. will leave D. to leave 8. It is required that you _ at six. A. will arriveB. arriveC. arrivedD. would arrive 9. If only I _ how to operate an electronic computer as you do. had known B. would know C. should know D. knew,课堂即时翻译练习,1. 我希望和你一样高。 2. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 3. 我希望明天下雨就好了。,I wish I were as tall as you.,He wished he hadnt said that.,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,4. 我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 5. 他坚决要求我到场。,课堂即时翻译练习,We suggeste