英语写作提高技巧.ppt

1、Writing,Outline,Introduction（总, 开门见山点出问题、现象，提出自己的观点、看法等） Body（分，具体陈述自己的论点、理由） Conclusion （总，收束全文，再次点题）,英语文章标题大小写原则 1.题目的第一个单词要大写； 2.冠词都不需要大写； 3.字母多于三个(不含三个)的介词、连词首字母要大写； 4.名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、感叹词首字母； 5.大写所有英语中要求大写的单词。如月份、人名、地名等等。 这几条原则的优先性是递减的： 即，如果几条原则之间出现了矛盾的情况，应优先实用前面的原则。如：如果题目的第一个单词是冠词或不多于三个字母的介词时也应

2、该大写。,3.1. 如何开头,(1) 主题句法 The application of this law can have both negative and positive effects. (2) 问题法 Do you know how many people die from traffic accidents every 23 minutes? Why does cream go bad faster than butter? (3) 对比法 When asked ., most of college students say that. But I think quite diffe

3、rently. I would prefer a career that will help realize my potentials.,.,(4) 数据法 According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation. (5) 故事法 Six oclock yesterday (June 20th, Friday) afternoon when I was walking along the riverbank of

4、 our school, an unbelievable scene caught my eyes.,.,(6) 引语法 As the proverb goes, “You are only young once.”(适用于记住的名言) There is an increasing awareness/popularity among people that.,如何结尾,1重复中心思想 回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，达到再次肯定和强调的效果。With all these benefits, it is no wonder that sports and games have now b

5、ecome more popular with people than ever. From the discussion above, we may safely arrive at/come to/reach the conclusion that,.,2作出结论 文章最后用几句话概括全文内容，并进一步肯定文章的中心思想或作者的观点。All in all /to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, a good teacher-student relationship can be mutually beneficial. The students gain

6、knowledge eagerly and enjoyably, and the teacher gains satisfaction from his job.,.,3应用引语 用格言、谚语或习语总结全文，既言简意赅又有更强的说服力。If you have anything to do, try to do it yourself, for that is the safest way to permanent success. Remember the famous saying. “God helps those who help themselves. 4用反问结尾 虽然形式是问句，但

7、意义却是肯定的，具有明显的强调作用，引起读者思考。Therefore, listening skills must be consciously improved. Since it is such an important means of learning and communication, why shouldnt we develop this ability as far as possible?,.,5提出展望或期望 表示对将来的展望或期待读者投入行动。I am sure that Chinese will become one of the most important lan

8、guages in the world in the next century. As China will open further to the outside world， the language is sure to be spread worldwide.,3.3. 行文中间,3.3.1. 用词多样丰富 think vs. hold the view that/maintain that so vs. consequently because vs. resulting from, on account of the fact that and so on,.,3.3.2. 长短句

9、交错使用 When it comes to, I hold the view that I am for/ against the view that There is no denying the fact that There is no doubt that No wonder The reason whyis that On no account can we Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that,3.3.3. 通过遣词造句使英语更加地道,遣词 造句 Clear and neat writing Concise and

10、 acceptable language Appropriately applied connecters Grammatical,英语文章常用的“启、承”表达方式,1）“启”的表达：用于引导主题句，或引导主题句后的第一个发展句。 first, firstly , first of all, to begin with, in the first place, to start with, in the beginning,2)“承”的表达：用于承接全题句或前面的发展句。 second, secondly, third, thirdly, besides, in addition, furth

11、ermore, what is more, moreover, in addition to,3）“转”的表达：用于表示不同或相反的情况 but, despite, in spite of, on the contrary， conversely, on the other hand,4)“合”的表达：用于小结段落中上文的内容、引导最后一个发展句或引导结尾句表示段落的结束。 hence, in conclusion, in short, in brief, in summary , briefly,英语文章常用的“启、承”表达方式:,1. 有关“启”的常用词语：用于引导主题句、或用于主 题句的

12、后面，引导第一个扩展句。 first (ly) 第一 at first 最初 first of all 首先，第一 in the beginning 起初 in the first place 首先，第一 at present 现在 to begin with 首先，第一 currently 目前 to start with 首先，第一 lately 最近 recently 最近 now 现在,generally speaking 一般说来 on the whole 从总体上看 for one thing （常与for another连用） 首先 on (the) one hand（常与on

13、the other hand 连用） 一方面 2. 有关“承”的常用词语：用于承接主题句或第一个（或前一个）扩展句。 second (ly) 第二；第二点 in other words 换句话说 third (ly) 第三；第三点 in particular 尤其是 also (or too) 并且；又；也 in the same way 同样地 besides (this) 此外 after that 此后,in addition 此外 afterwards 此后 in addition to 除之外 after a few days 几天之后 furthermore 而且；此外 after

14、 a while 过了一会儿 moreover 而且；此外 from now on 从现在开始 what is more 而且；此外 apart from 除之外 just as 正如 similarly 同样地 for example 例如 for instance 例如 as an example 例如 meanwhile 与此同时 at the same time 同时 as another example 再如 by this time 此时 namely 即;就是,soon 不久 then 然后 of course 当然 for this purpose 为此 equally imp

15、ortant 同样重要 another example is 再如 for another （前句有for one thing） 其次 a case in point is 适当的例子是 to illustrate 比如 in another case 再如 an illustration of this 例如 for another instance 再如 still another 再如 for another example 再如,3. 有关“转”的常用词语：用来表示不同或相反的情况。 after all 毕竟 on the contrary 相反地 but 但是 in contrast

16、 相比之下 yet 仍然, 然而 unlike 与不同 however 然而 whereas 然而 nevertheless 尽管如此 nonetheless 尽管如此 all the same 但是 conversely 相反 unfortunately 不幸地 though 尽管如此 still 仍然 although 虽然,4.有关“合”的常用词语：用于小结段落中上文的内容、引导最后一个扩展句或引导结尾句表示段落的结束。,in fact 事实上 despite / in spite of 尽管 by comparison 比较而言 by contrast 对比而言 as a matter

17、 of fact 事实上 in reality 实际上 on the other hand 另一方面 finally 最后 as has been noted 如前所述 hence 因此 as I have said 如我所述 in brief 简言之 at last 终于 in conclusion 总之 at length 最后, 终于 in consequence 结果 in short 简而言之 by and large 一般说来 in summary 概括地说,no doubt 毫无疑问 briefly 简单地说 undoubtedly 无疑 above all 最重要的是 trul

18、y 的确 as a consequence 因此 so 所以 as a result 结果 obviously 显然 for this reason 正因为如此 certainly 无疑 in a word 一言以敝之 in sum 总而言之 for that reason 正因为如此,Argument 1,Argument 3,Argument 2,Computer Use in Our Life,写作模版,Computer is becoming a daily necessity, not only in every day work but also in free times. (

19、topic sentence),First of all, they can help children with interesting and informative lessons.,What is more, computers, can teach a child.,In addition, computers can help researchers.,Furthermore, they can assist engineers.,Nowadays, computers are used in so many places that you find them everywhere

20、 in the world. You will catch sight of them in schools, factories and offices. Computer is becoming a daily necessity, not only in every day work but also in free times. Computers can help different people in different ways. They can help children with interesting and informative lessons and homewor

21、k to bring the childrens learning initiative into full play.,What is more, computer, like never-tired teachers, can teach a child a foreign language, a sill or a knowledge over and over until he masters it. For students and scholars alike, computers can do calculations, analyze data and present the

22、latest achievements. In addition, computers can help researchers find all kinds of helpful information on Internet. Furthermore, they can assist engineers and experts in the design of a mold, of a bridge or a spaceship. In conclusion, computers are so useful and important to our live.,Composition Mo

23、del 1 (对立观点型作文 ),Peoples views/ideas/opinions on _ vary from person to person. Some people think that _. They hold this opinion because _. However, others hold/dont believe that _, for _. As to me, I am in favor of the first/ second/former/latter idea. The following are the reasons of/for my choice/

24、personal inclination. First, while it is true that _, it doesnt mean that _. Second, _. Furthermore, _. Therefore/In conclusion/From the foregoing, _.,Composition Model 2 (说明利弊型作文 ),Nowadays, X has/have become / play(s) an important part/role in (X is/are popular/common around us). X has/ have broug

25、ht great benefits/ harm/troubles to _. Why is/are X so popular/common around us?/Why are there so many X? First, _. Second, _. Undoubtedly, X is/are very beneficial/ harmful to _. First, _. Besides, _. Most important of all/Worst of all, _. From what we have discussed above, we believe that _.We sho

26、uld _.,Composition Model 3 (解释型作文 ),Among , my favorite/ideal _ is/ are _. The unique features / advantages may contribute to/be responsible for the reason why I like it best / choose _ as my favorite/ideal _. Firstly, _. Secondly, _. Finally/Above all, _. There are many factors/reasons which may account for my preference/choice of _. The most important reason/factor is that _. Besides, _. Therefore/From the foregoing/the above discussion, _.,Composition Model 4 (