如何做出漂亮的图标

1、,r yo,des,How To Make,Diagrams,Awesome,Fo,ur,sli,Me,Enrique Garca Cota,I do software at Splendeo,otikik, ,Disclaimer, ,Im not a designer. Ive just done lots of diagrams in presentations. These guidelines work for me. “Right” and “Wrong” are used in that context. Dont take them personally., ,1. Lines

2、,Buyao,Never use 0pt line width,Wrong,Right,Visible from the far end of the room,不要用很细的线，这样比较远的地方也能看到,Have consistent line width Wrong,0.10 0.06,Maybe two very different widths; not more,0.06 Right 0.06,0.32 0.32,不同形状的图表线条可以用不同的宽度进行对比,他,Use only one line ending,Wrong,Right,People at the far end wont

3、 see the difference,图中的箭头应保持一致，太远的地方是看不出这些差别的,Use one dashed style 用同一种风格的虚线,Wrong,Right,Guess,Arrows instead of lines 用面代替线,vs.,When? See example on next slide,Use connectors, not straight lines 使用转接线而不是简单的直线,With lines,With connectors,Shapes instead of lines (sometimes) 形状连接取代线连接（有时候）,Phase 1 Phas

4、e 1,Phase 2 vs. Phase 2,Phase 3 Phase 3,They look better on simple workflows,Colors instead of outlines (sometimes) 同一颜色取代不同颜色的轮廓线（有时）,vs.,Useful to reduce the number of colors, ,2. Shapes,Use a grid 使用参考线/网格线,Wrong,Right,Align when possible 对齐,Wrong,Right,Size means Importance 越重要则形状越突出（越大）,Wrong,R

5、ight,Not Important,Not Important,Very Important,Very Important,Size means Hierarchy 形状不同层级也不同,Wrong,Right,Eyes,Nose,Mouth,Face Face,Eyes,Nose,Mouth,Size means Relative Size 体积的区别可以大小的区别形象的体现,Wrong,Right,Elephant,Duck,Elephant,Duck,Size doesnt mean “long name” 这个。自己体会 Wrong,A,A,B*,* Long Name,A,Long

6、Name Right,Long Name,A,.,Long Name,Different Shape = Different Type 不同形状代表不同的类型,OK ?,Yes,No,Yes,No,Better ?,Maximum number types: 4 一张幻灯片最多4种不同形状,If you need more, use images 尽量多使用图,OK,A,B,C,Better,Warning! Finding appropriate images takes time,Transparencies, Shadows & Gradients 阴影和渐变慎用，因为要做好需要花很多时

7、间， 而且很多投影仪未必能放出这种效果,Dont,They take a lot of time to get right, and most projectors wont show them anyway, ,3. Nesting,One nesting level per slide 一张幻灯片尽量使用一个图形等级 感觉翻译不是很准。,Wrong,Unique slide,Right,Slide 1,One nesting level per slide,Right,Slide 2,One nesting level per slide,Right,Slide 3,One nesting

8、 level per slide,Right,Slide 4?,Is this level really needed?,One nesting level per slide,Yes, it will.,But less than nested shapes.,But, wont adding slides increase the presentation complexity?,Complexity ,Nes,ting,Sli,des ,1 slide / 1 nesting level,If you need everything in one place 如果你要把所有东西都放在一个

9、地方， 那你需要的可能不是一个演示工具尝试用别的,You are not making a,presentation,Consider other formats, ,4. Color,Color count Fill + Text + Lines Background 填充+文本+轮廓线-背景,Hi Bye!,Fill = Green + Red = 2 Text = White = 1 Lines = Black = 1 Background = White = -1 2+1+11=3,Color count should be ,3,填充+文本+轮廓线-背景总颜色不超过3,The mag

10、ic of combinatory 这里只用了3个颜色，却做出很多组合,Im still can,only but make,using here many,three colors combi- nations,When in doubt, use Primary colors 如果不确定，可以优先考虑下面几种颜色,Red #c5000b,Yellow #ffd320,Green #008000,Blue #0084d1,In LibreOffice: Chart 11, Chart 3, Green, Chart12 These are awesome for diagrams,Color

11、 is great for Stress or Status 用颜色区别不同,Wrong,Right,OK Alert OK,OK OK Alert,Alert OK OK,Alert OK OK,OK Alert OK,OK OK Alert,Color is not great for lines 线最好不用颜色,Wrong,Right,More easily seen from far away,Use bright background colors 使用明亮的背景色，有些投影机对深色背景的效果不好,Some projectors dont handle dark slides wel

12、l,Wrong,Right,Dont use pale colors in foreground 前景色的灰度大于20%,Wrong Gray 10%,Right Gray 20%,To projectors, any pale color = white,Printing: Black and White 考虑打印效果，有些颜色打出来是差不多的,OK Alert OK,OK OK Alert,Alert OK OK,OK Alert OK,OK OK Alert,Alert OK OK,Black and White = information loss,Printing: Graceful

13、 Degradation,Alert OK OK,OK Alert OK,OK OK Alert,Alert OK OK,OK Alert OK,OK OK Alert,Use contrast and borders to compensate, ,5. ext,First and foremost: 你是个验光师吗,Are you an,optometrist?,Then dont make us feel like this.,Smallest font size: 最小字号，要下面那么大 （不太苟同，领导ppt你伤不起啊伤不起）,20px,Otherwise its impossibl

14、y difficult to read from far away,Only one font 用同种字体 Wrong,a,a,a,a,Right,a,a,a,a,Exception: Typographic diagrams排版,Nice,Yuck,Bigger shape Bigger or equal text 面积越大相应的文本一般来说也越大,A,Wrong,Letters,A,Letters,Right,Otherwise text size contradicts shape size,Italics: Dont bother 不太明白，可能是说么必要用斜体,Wrong a,Right a,No one will notice the difference,Bold: Dont mix it 不同的字体不放一起,a,Wrong,a,a a,a a,Right,Again, the difference is hard to notice,d,ow,n,a,and with, ,of,te,n,hard to re,d ,a,esp,ec,iall,y,when,sid,up,e,Use horizontal text,Obl