主语从句和同位语从句

1、主语从句和同位语从句 （Subject clause and Appositive clause）,主语从句（Subject Clause） 定义：在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫做主语从句。 引导主语从句的词 连词：that whether if 连接代词：who what which 连接副词：when where why how(-ever的延伸词),一）主语从句 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。 e.g. Who will go is not important. 2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you w

2、ill come or not. 3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. *注意：that从句作主语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。 (A)It is +形容词(eg.clear/certain/likely/true/surprising）that (B)It is +名词短语(eg.a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder） that . (C)It is +过去分词(said/reported/ believed/known/thoug

3、ht/suggested)that ,主语从句,1The villagers have already known_well do is to rebuild the bridge.,Athis Bthat Cwhat Dwhich 解析：选C。本题考查名词性从句的用法。句意:村民们已经知道我们将要做的就是重建这座桥。分析句子成分可知have already known后为宾语从句。而在该宾语从句中又含“_ well do”这一主语从句,该主语从句缺少宾语,且表“事物”，故用what引导。,2It is still under discussion_the old bus station sh

4、ould be replaced with a modern hotel or not. Awhether Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere,解析：选A。本题考查名词性从句。句意：那个旧公交车站是否应该被一家现代化宾馆所取代仍在讨论中。“It”作形式主语，“_the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not”作真正的主语。根据句意及题干中的“or not”可知答案为whether，“whether.or not”在名词性从句中意为：是否。,主语从句在主句中作主语，位于主句谓语动词之前，但多数情况下由it作形

5、式主语，而把真正的主语放在句子的后面，其句型结构为：It ben./adj.that/whether/why/when从句。,It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 我真的没有想到你能说服他改变主 意。,It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.尽管说已经有两千名病人服用了这种药品，

6、但是，这种药品会带来什么副作用还不明确。,Whether there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth hasnt been proved up to now. 外太空是否存在像地球上一样的生物迄今尚未确定。,同位语从句 同位语从句的引导词 连词：that whether 连接代词：what who whom whose 连接副词:when where how why,二）同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belie

7、f、doubt、possibility、idea 、promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。 e.g. I have no idea when he will be back. The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. 记一下句型： There is no doubt that. There is much chance that. There is no possibility that.（There is no possibility of doing sth),1When the news came _

8、the war broke out，he decided to serve in the army. Asince Bwhich Cthat Dbecause,同位语从句,解析：选C。本题考查同位语从句。句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定参军。“the war broke out”作the news的同位语,该同位语从句不缺任何成分,用that引导，故答案为C项。,2There is clear evidence_the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. Awhat Bif Chow Dthat,解析:选D。

9、考查同位语从句。句意：有确凿的证据表明，所有感觉中最难演绎的是身体上的痛苦。分析句子结构可知空格处引导的是evidence的同位语从句，从句结构和意义完整，故用that引导。,3All of Manhattan，parts of Brooklyn and Queens are blacked out，and people have no idea _its coming back on. Athat Bwhen Chow Dwhere,解析：选B。考查同位语从句。when引导同位语从句解释说明名词idea的具体内容。句意：整个曼哈顿，布鲁克林和皇后区的部分地区都停电了，人们还不知道什么时候能来

10、电。,1同位语从句常放在fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief，thought，doubt等名词的后面，是对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。,There seems to be no possibility that Li Hua can win the first prize in the 100meter race. 看起来似乎李华在一百米比赛中没有可能获得一等奖。,There is a popular belief among the Europeans that chicken soup can help cure flu. 欧洲人普遍相信鸡汤可以帮助治愈流感。,The question has been raised at the meeting whether each member country should equally share the expense of the committee. 每一个成员国是否均等分担委员会的费用在会议上提出。,I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他将何时回来。 2同位语从句与定语从句的区别： 同位语从句是对前面名词的内容作进一步的解释、说明，引导词只起引导作用，