《高考语法复习非谓语动词》平凉周丽娟.ppt

1、主讲教师：周丽娟 年级: 高三（24） 教材版本：2015高考二轮复习用书,甘肃省灵台县第一中学,专题四 非谓语动词,Teaching aims,Knowledge aims : To be familiar with the forms of Non-Predicate verbs. To master its function in sentences . Ability aims: To improve the skills of solving exercises used with the forms of Non-Predicate Verbs. To understand com

2、plex sentences better in reading materials . Emotional aims : Be aware of the concept that the more efforts you make ,the less distance you have to achieve the success.,开心自测,非谓语动词的种类：,它在句子中的功能呢？,一、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 高考题点击： 1. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. (03 N) A. angrily pointing B. and p

3、oint angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. （06上海春季） A. seizing.,disappeared B. seized., disappeared C. seizing, disappearing D. seized, disappearing,两个动作之间用 and 连接称为并列谓语，并列谓语需注意两个动词的形式的一致性，

4、故B、D皆错；不用 and 连接时称之为状语，只能用非谓语动词作状语，故C错。,seized 和 took 是并列谓语，disappearing 是伴随状语。此题的关键是and 的位置，如果 and 在 disappear 前，则三个动词并列。,A,D,Co-operation and Exploration,二、非谓语动词作主语和表语 高考题点击： 1. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _. (01 上海) A. hed like to collect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, to

5、o C. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure 2. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great help. (05北京卷) A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having,在 and 连接的并列句中，两个主语要保持一致的形式。动名词 fishing 和 collecting coins 分

6、别作两个简单句的主语。这句话的意思为“钓鱼是他的爱好，集邮也给他带来极大的乐趣。”,D,D,Co-operation and Exploration,非谓语动词作主语时要注意以下两个重要问题：第一是并行 结构问题，如：Seeing is believing. / To see is to believe. 第二需要注意一些结构： A) 在 Its no use (good; value; importance) 等结构中只用动名 词作主语。如：Its no use quarrelling with such a fellow . 注意比较：Theres no need to tell him

7、about it. B) 在 Its + adj. 结构中都用不定式作主语。注意两种句型： It is+adj.+for sb to do sth句型，用于表示事物的特征、特 点，表示客观形式的形容词，如 easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等。 It is+adj.+of sb to do sth句型用于表示人物的性格、品德和 表示主观感情或态度，如: good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right等。,三、非谓语动词作定语 高考题点击： 1. The flowers _ sweet in the bo

8、tanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. （04上海） A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 2. The room the sea is my grandpas. A. faced B. facing C.to face D.faces 3.Charles Lindbergh is the first man _ the Atlantic alone. A. flying B. flied C.to fly D.flies,B,B,c,不定式作定语时要注意 以

9、下一些固定结构： 在 time, chance, right.ability 等名词后;在序数词后；,Co-operation and Exploration,四、非谓语动词作宾补 高考题点击： The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. (05 N) A. not to B. not to do C. not to it D. do not to 为了避免重复，常用省略形式 to 来代替前面的动作。如：Would you like to visit our school? Yes,

10、Id like to. 有些动词(短语)后面常接带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见 的这类动词有：advise劝告；force迫使；instruct指示；ask要 求；intend打算要；beg请求；expect期望；invite邀请；urge激 励；forbid禁止；remind提醒；order命令；permit允许； teach劝诫；wish希望；persuade说服。动词短语有：call on，count on，rely on，depend on，long for，wait for等。特 别注意：hope, agree, demand, suggest 等动词后不能跟sb to do 作宾

11、补。,A,Co-operation and Exploration,2. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. (05 N) A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 3. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. (94 N) A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 感官性动词后面的宾补若用不定式，则表示一个完整的动 作；若用现在分词，则表示正在进行的动作。本句应理解

12、为正在进行的动作。,注意，感官动词和使役动词，它们可后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，如：see，notice，observe，feel，hear，have，make，let 等，但如果是在被动语态的句子中，就要用带to的不定式作主语补足语。,B,A,Co-operation and Exploration,五、非谓语动词作宾语 高考题点击： 1. We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. (95 N) A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 2. Ive worked

13、 with children before, so I know what _ to my new job. (00 N) A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects,C,B,注意1：仅带不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, refuse, offer, promise, decide, determine, intend, manage, fail, hope, expect, long, wish, tend, desire, plan, pretend, 等； 注意2：动词 know, show 等常带疑问词加 to do

14、作宾语。,Co-operation and Exploration,3. I really appreciate _ to relax with you on this nice island. (01 上海) A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to having time,B,仅带动名词作宾语的动词为：admit appreciate avoid delay enjoy escape excuse prevent finish imagine mind practise resist risk suggest stan

15、d forgive keep allow advise permit forbid 但如果在 allow advise permit forbid 后提到有关人， 就只能用不定式作宾补。 在动词 want, need, require, demand 等词后加动名词作宾 语时表示被动意义，相当于 to be done。,Co-operation and Exploration,4. How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? (03 N) A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking 5. -

16、I must apologize for _ ahead of time. - Thats all right. (05 N) A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you know 6. Sandy could do nothing but _ to his teacher that he was wrong. (01 上海春季) A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit,C,B,A,介词的宾语一般都用动名词

17、，但有三个介词 but (except) / than / be about 后要接不定式作宾语。,Co-operation and Exploration,六、非谓语动词作状语 高考题点击： 1. - Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? - _ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. (99 上海) A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting 3. In order to make our city green,

18、_. (02 上海春季) A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many more trees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees 4. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. (06 N) A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose,C,D,lose oneself in sth. 表示“陷入”，主语 he 为

19、 lose 的宾语。,Co-operation and Exploration,c,七、非谓语动词的时态语态和被动 高考题点击： I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. (97 N) A. to go B. having gone C. going D. to have gone 2. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. (99 N) A. to have

20、studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying,D,A,would love to have done 表示本想去做，但没做成。,本题的关键是“what country he studied in”，由此可知事情发生在过去。,Co-operation and Exploration,3. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _ everything. (01 上海) A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D

21、. to have been told 4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. (02 N) A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen,本题中母亲被告知真象显然发生在以前，所以你现在没有 必要再隐瞒了。,remain 后接 to do，此处 it 指代的是后面的主语从句。他们是否喜欢有待于观察，此处应为被动。,D,B,Co-operation and Exploration,5.

22、_ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. (02 上海) A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed 6. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (01 N) A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered 7. Tony was very un

23、happy for _ to the party. (00 上海) A. having not been invited B. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invited,该句缺主语，只能用动名词才能作主语。,C,A,D,Co-operation and Exploration,高考陷进易错题归纳,一、非谓语动词和并列谓语动词的区别,She took her son, ran out of the house, _ him in the car and drove quickly to the near

24、est doctors office. A. put B. to put C. putting D. having put A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _ all four people on board. A. killed B. killing C. kills D. to kill,A,B,分析句子结构，判断空格是做谓语还是状语。看句子是否有and连接。有的话就是谓语，没有就是状语。,二.非谓语动词to do做状语和介词to加谓语的区别。, How happy we are! The

25、 holiday we have been looking forward _ at last. A. to has come B. to have come C. to having come D. has come I think this is the very work that we must finish _ her. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped,A,A,分析句子结构，首先判断空格是做谓语还是非谓语动词；其次特别注意空格前面是否有定语从句，注意动词短语的搭配是否还缺少介词to；最后看介词to是跟空格前面的动词短语搭配还是和后面的动

26、词原形搭配。假如是和前面搭配，空格所选的项就是to加谓语。否则就是to do 做目的状语。,三.非谓语动词做状语和特殊句型的区别。,_ the road round to the right and youll find his house. A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D.Followed _ the road round to the right, youll find his house. A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D.Followed _ the road round to the right,

27、the blind man asked a boy to guide him. A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed,A,B,这里所讲的特殊句型是：祈使句，and/or+主语+will +谓语 +宾语。假如两个句子之间有连词and/or等，就选动词原形。 没有连词的话，证明空格是做状语，根据具体情况选择非谓 语动词的各种形式。,C,四、非谓语动词中独立主格结构的用法。, All the preparations for the project _, were ready to start. A. completed B. have be

28、en completed C. had been completed D. been completed All the preparations for the project _, and were ready to start . A. completed B. have been completed C. had been completed D. been completed,A,在用分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的 主语一致。但当前后主语不一致时，它可以有自己独立的 逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。做题时分析 句子结构，重点看前后主语是否一致。但如果两个句子之 间有连词and等，空格应选根据时态来选谓语。,B,高考真题,乘胜追击 实战演练,1.The news shocked the public, _to great concern about students safety at school. （2010 重庆） A. having led B. led C.