Unit4AdversityandCourage词汇讲义-高中英语人教版选择性

Unit4WordsandExpressionsadversityn.困境，逆境adverseadj.不利的adversesituation不利处境dilemman.进退两难的境地wagen.工资（ine/salary/pay/bonus/allowance/payment）Wagepayment工资支付high/goodwages高薪low/smallwages低薪V.开始；发动wage/launch/start/initiateacampaign/war发起运动/发动战争bitter(味道）苦的goodmedicineisbitterinmouth.良药苦的辛酸的；痛苦的bittertears/abitterexperiencemiserable/sorrowful/painful/充满仇恨的bebitterabout..对..愤愤不平hateful(天气）严寒的，刺骨的bitter/freezingcoldbitterlyadv.痛苦地；愤恨地；及其expeditionn.探险、远征；探险队Expeditev.加速、促进（行为，过程）Accelerateboost/advance/promote/facilitate/enhance/stimulate/fuel/improveExplore/exploration/explorer探索/探索（n.)/探险者Explode/explosion爆炸/爆炸(n.)endurancen持久力，忍耐力；耐久性Endurev.持续存在，忍受enduringadj持久的（lasting）endurableadj.能忍受的（tolerant）endurantadj.能耐劳的，能忍耐的endurancetraining耐力训练vigour(n.)精力，力量，活力energy/strength/vitalityFullofvigour/life=lifeful=redblooded=vital=aliveturndown拒绝（某人）Refuse/decline/reject/objecttoqualifyv.使具有资格；使能胜任bequalifiedfor能胜任becapableofsth/doing有能力...(un)qualified(adj.)（不）能胜任的；（不）合格的qualification(n.)资格；学历enthusiasticadj热情的，热心的Beenthusiasticabout..对..热情enthusiasm(n.)/enthusiast(n.)/enthusiasticallyadv.Lackof/befullofenthusiasm缺乏/充满热情Withenthusiasmadv.热情地aboardv.adv/prep上（船、飞机、公共汽车）goaboard上船onboard在船上，飞机上abroadadv.在国外athomeandabroad在国内外Broadadj.宽广的，宽阔的broadenv.拓宽broadenone’shorizons拓宽视野assignv.（1）分派，布置，分配assignsbsth/assignsthtosb.分给某人..任务（2）指定，指派，委派Assignsbas/tobe分派，任命某人为..Assignsbtososth指定某人做某事（3）确定（时间、地点、属性等）assignadayfortheinterviewAssignedadj.Assignmentn.作业任务/分配/转让分配(distribute/allocate/assign/portion)stewardn.乘务员/服务员waiter/waitress/server/attendantservantn仆人Stewardessn.女服务员stewardshipn.管理工作/管事人的职位和职责envyv.羡慕、妒忌envysb(doing)sthenvyhimhisfortune羡慕他的好运气n.妒忌/羡慕/羡慕对象、目标betheenvyof..是令..羡慕的对象Iamgreenwithenvy。我都有点嫉妒了（眼红了）Enviousadj./withenvy/outofenvy/jealousyadj.嫉妒的，羡慕的jealousn.crushv.压碎；压坏；捣碎sthgetcrushedn.拥挤的人群crowdsinkv.沉没，(使）下沉，（使）沉没sanksunk/sunk（反）floatafloatTheshipsanktothebottomoftheriver.V.（高度）下降，倒下，坐下Thesunwasstartingtosink.V.消沉，陷入；降低，减弱whenseeing...,myheartsank.Besunkin...陷入..中betrapped/stuck/caughtin...abandonv.舍弃；抛弃；放弃desert/leave/portion/discard/giveupAbandonedadj.Abandonmentn.blanketn.毯子；覆盖层；氛围；障碍物；v.覆盖carpetn.地毯cushionn.垫子Awetblanket扫兴的人，泼冷水的人belongingsn.财产，动产possessions/property/ownershipn.所有权/Belongtosb.属于某人senseofbelonging归属感miserableadj.痛苦的，令人难受的sorrowful/painful/miseryn.痛苦，悲惨/sufferingmiserablyadv.悲惨地voyagev/n.航海；航行voyagern.航行者cruisen.航海，航行Navigationn.航行/航海导航Make/goon/takeavoyage航行cosyn.暖和舒适的；感觉舒服的cosinessn.selfishadj.自私的selfless/unselfishadj.无私的selfishnessn.无私goodtemperedadj.脾气好的moody情绪不好的Loseone'stemper发脾气badtempered脾气坏的/gloomyBeinagoodmood/beinhighspirits情绪好的liftone’sspirits使某人情绪高涨Beinlowspirits情绪低落genuinev.adj,真正的；真诚的；可信赖的authentic/sincere/reliableperseverancen.毅力，任性persevere/persistv.坚持，孜孜不倦Persistencen.毅力withpersistence/perseverance坚韧地，带有毅力的Endurancen.忍耐力，耐久力resolvev.决定；决心；解决n.决心，坚定的信念（resolution）Resolve/solve/tackle/approach/address/dealwith/handle/settle解决Decide/decideon/makeadecision决定resolutionv.n.（1）解决solution（2）坚决，坚定；决心makearesolutiontodo下决心做某事（3）正式决定，决议pass/adopt/approvearesolution通过一项决议crew:n.(轮船上面的)全体工作人员;专业团队;一群人staff(全体职工/雇员)cruel:adj.残酷的;残忍的;冷酷的（inhumane,harsh,merciless）kind,gentle,mercifulcrueltyn.残忍；不公becruelto…:对…残酷/冷酷bemeanto…:对…刻薄thorough:adj.深入的;彻底的;细致的(plete,detailed)inplete,superficial,cursorythoroughly:adv.非常;极其;彻底;完全through：通过;穿过;因为though/although：虽然;但是thought：n.思想;想法athoroughknowledgeof对…..的透彻了解inathoroughmess乱七八糟的furniture:n.家具(U.)(fitting,furnishing,fixtures)furnishvt.布置家具；提供furnishedadj.配备家具的apieceoffurniture:一件家具furnishwith用….布置furnishsbwithsth为某人提供某物befurnishedwith备有;安装有;陈设有unfortunately:adv.不幸地;遗憾地（unluckily）fortunately:adv.幸运地（luckily）fortunate:adj.幸运的;侥幸的;吉利的（lucky）fortune：n.运气;机会;幸运;财富（luck）bark:vi.&n.(狗)吠叫;吠叫声rugby:n.橄榄球运动playrugby:打橄榄球bat:n.球拍;蝙蝠(racket球拍flap拍打)vi.&vt.用球板击球;挥打;拍打(batted–batting)damp:adj.潮湿的;湿气重的(常含令人不舒服的之意)（wet，humid，moist）dry,arid,parchedrecreation:n.娱乐;消遣;游戏(entertainment,amusement,pastime)recreational/ˌrekriˈeɪʃənl/adj.消遣的；娱乐的guidance:n.指导;引导;导航(direction,leadership,instruction)guide：n.向导;导游;v.指导;指引;带路underone'sguidance:在…的指导下=undertheguidanceofsbwithone'shelp=withthehelpof…:在…的帮助下theguidanceon….方面的指导Weneedyourguidanceonourperformance。Thesecondgroupdidexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.nephew:n.侄子;外甥niece:n.侄女cousin:n.堂兄/弟/姐/妹;表兄/弟/姐/妹advertising:n.广告活动;广告业advertisev.公布；宣传；做广告advertisement:n.广告;宣传;榜样advertisern.广告商；广告人员advertiseforsbtodosth登广告招聘某人做某事beadvertisedas被宣传为anadvertisementforsth……的广告jobadvertisement招聘广告Alocalfarmerthemthedogsoundedlikeoneadvertisedaslostinthelocalpaper.corporate:adj.公司的;法人的;社团的corporationn.公司；法人firm：n.公司;商行pany：n.公司;陪伴rough:adj.汹涌的;粗糙的;粗略的;困难的(coarse,uneven,harsh)roughly:adv.大约;粗暴地tough：adj.困难的;艰难的;棘手的toughly:adv.坚强地;固执地;能吃苦耐劳地navigator:n.领航员;(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者navi导航+gate大门+or人navigation:n.导航;领航;航行loyal:adj.忠诚的;忠实的(faithful,devoted,steadfast)disloyal,unfaithful,traitorousroyaladj.皇室的loyaltyn.忠诚；忠实beloyalto…:对…忠诚aloyalfriend/supporter:忠实的朋友/支持者devoted:adj.忠诚的motor:n.发动机;马达(engine)adj.有引擎的;机动车的engine：n.发动机;引擎amotoraccident:机动车事故candidate:n.候选人;应试者(applicant,nominee,conten