考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷639

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷639

一、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分，共20分。）

AsmidnightonSeptember30thapproached,everybodyonCapitolHillblamed

everybodyelsefortheimminentshutdownofAmerica'sgovernment.Toawondering

world,therecriminationsmissedthepoint.Whenyouarebrawlingontheedgeofacliff,

thebigquestionisnot"Whoisright?",but"Whatthehellareyoudoingontheedgeofa

cliff?"Theshutdownitselfistiresomebutbearable.Thesecurityserviceswillremainon

duty,pensionerswillstillreceivetheirchequesandtheastronautsontheInternational

SpaceStationwillstillbeabletobreathe.Some800,000non-essentialstaffatfederal

agencies（outof2.8million）aregivenleaveswithoutpay,whileanother1.3millionare

beingaskedtotoilonwithoutpay.Non-urgenttaskswillbeshelveduntiladealis

reachedandthemoneystartstoflowagain.Thetroubleis,theshutdownisasymptomof

adeeperproblem:thefederallawmakingprocessissopolarizedthatithasbecome

paralyzed.AndifthetwopartiescannotbridgetheirdifferencesbyaroundOctober17th,

disasterlooms.Itgetsworse.Laterthismonththefederalgovernmentwillreachitslegal

borrowinglimit,knownasthe"debtceiling".UnlessCongressraisesthatceiling,Uncle

Samwillsoonbeunabletopayallhisbills.Inotherwords,unlessthetwopartiescan

worktogether,Americawillhavetoclosewhichofitsobligationsnottohonor.Itcould

slashspendingsodeeplythatitcausesarecession.Oritcoulddefaultonitsdebts,which

wouldbeevenworse,andunimaginablymoreharmfulthanameregovernment

shutdown.NooneinWashingtonisthatcrazy,surely?Inthelongterm,Americaneeds

totacklepolarization.TheproblemisespeciallyacuteintheHouse,becausemanystates

letpoliticiansdrawtheirownelectoralmaps.Unsurprisingly,theytendtodrawultrasafe

districtsforthemselves.Thismeansthatatypicalcongressmanhasnofearoflosinga

generalelectionbutisterrifiedofaprimarychallenge.Manythereforepanderto

extremistsontheirownsideratherthanforgingsensiblecentristdealswiththeother.

Thisisnowaytorunacountry.Electoralreforms,suchaslettingindependent

commissionsdrawdistrictboundaries,wouldnotsuddenlymakeAmericagovernable,

buttheywouldhelp.Itistimefbrlesscliff-hanging,andmorecommonsense.

1、AccordingtoParagraph1,thebigquestionis.

A、whethertheystopbrawlingontheedgeofacliffatmidnight

B、howtopullAmerica'sgovernmentbackfromcrisistosafety

C、whatisthereasonablewaytohelpgovernmentavoidshuttingdown

D^whichpartyisresponsibleforthisimminentshutdownofAmericangovernment

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段。该段提到国会议员的对骂完

全放错了重点，”最重要的问题不是，谁才是对的?’，而是，你们在悬崖边搞什么

鬼?加，此处强调的是议员们根本不应该在危机时争吵，而是要通过合作想办法把

美国政府从危机边缘拉回安全地带。故B项正确。同时也可判断D项错误。

2、TheU.S.governmentshutdownwillbringaboutthefollowingresults

EXCEPT.

A、another1.3millionnon-essentialstaffwillbeforcedtowork

governmentwillcontinuetopaythesecurityexpenses

C、U.S.citizens'retirementbenefitswillnotbeaffected

D、about800,000federalemployeeswillbefired

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干关键词定位到第二段。该段第三句前半部分提到

“联邦政府机构280万员工中的800000名非关键岗位工作人员休无薪假”，而并非

被开除。故D项不符合文意，为正确答案。

3、WhydocspolarizationisespeciallyseriousintheHouseofRepresentative?

A、HouseRepublicansgettheirprioritiesstraightontheirelectoralmap.

Politiciansarefreefromdrawingultra-safedistrictsforthemselves.

C、Manystatesallowpoliticianstodrawvotersovertotheirside.

D、Fixeddistrictboundariesaredrawnforpoliticians'election.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干关键词定位在文章最后一段。根据该段前三句“长

期来看，美国需要解决两极化的问题。这个问题在众议院中尤其严重，因为很多州

让政治家们划分他们自己的选举地图。毫不意外，他们倾向于划分对于自己特别安

全的地区“可知，B项为正确答案。

4、Thephrase"panderto"(Para.4)probablymeans.

A、caterto

13、pickout

C、appealto

D^buyout

标准答案：A

知识点解析：含义题。根据题干关键词定位在文章第四段。panderto所在句子的前

一句提到“……反而对最基本的挑战感到害怕”，该句意为“因此，许多人他

们自己这边的极端分子，而不是与另一边建立明智的中间派协议”，所以panderlo

意为“迎合，投合”，故A项为正确答案。

5、ItcanbelearnedfromAmerica'sgovernmentshutdownthat.

A、allgovernmentdepartmentswillstopoperating

B、thestategovernmentswillreachitsdebtceiling

C>democratsandRepublicansarebrawlingrecently

D、federalgovernmentwillsolveproblemsbyprintingmoney

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推断题。艰据题干关键词定位到全文。文中第二至四段提到two

parties,指的是DemocratsandRepublicans,根据第二段末句“如果两党不能在10

月17日左右克服彼此的分歧，灾难则逐渐逼近”可知，C项“民主党和共和党最近

在争吵”为正确答案C

Faceit,moviefans:theDVDisdestinedtobedeadasadoornail.Onlyafew

Blockbusterstoresarestillopen.Netflix's(oneonlinewebsiteformovies)CEOsays,

"WcexpectDVDsubscriberstodeclinesteadilyeveryquarter,fbrever."Therearcstill

somedownsidestostreamingmovies—youneedafastInternetconnection,forexample,

andbewarethelimited-dataplan-butoverall,thisshouldbeadelightfuldevelopment.

Hollywoodmoviestudiosshouldbenefit,too.Theeasieritistorentamovie,themore

peoplewilldoit.Andthemorefolksrent,themoremoneythestudiosmake.Well,

apparently,noneofthathasoccurredtothemovieindustry.Itseemsintentonleaving

moneyonthetable.ForalloftheapparentconvenienceofrentingamovieviatheWeb,

therearcasurprisingnumberofdrawbacks.Forexample,whenyourentthedigital

version,youoftenhaveonly24hourstofinishwatchingit,whichmakesnosense.When

yourentonline,youdon'tgetanyoftheDVDextras—deletedscenes,alternative

endings,subtitles-eventhoughyou'repayingasmuchasyouwouldhavepaidtorenta

DVD.Yetperhapsmostimportant,there'stheavailabilityproblem.Newmoviesaren't

availableonlineuntilmonthsaftertheyarefinishedinthetheaters.Worse,somemovies

neverbecomeavailable.StarWars,RaidersoftheLostArk,JurassicPark,ABeautiful

Mind,BridgetJonessDiary,andsoon,arcnotavailabletorentfromthemajoronline

distributors.Andifyoudon'tmakeyourproductavailablelegally,guesswhat?The

peoplewillgetitillegally.Ofthe10mostpiratedmoviesof2011,guesshowmanyof

themareavailabletorentonline,asIwritethisinmidsummer2012?Zero.That'sright;

Hollywoodisactuallyencouragingtheverypracticetheyclaimtobefighting.Yes,times

arechanging.Yes,uncertaintyisscary.ButHollywoodhascasestudiestolearnfrom.

ThemusicindustryandthetelevisionindustryusedtofighttheInternetthesameway一

withbruteforce:copyprotection,complexity,legalchallenges.Eventuallyallofthem

foundroadstorecoupsomeoftheirlostprofitnotbyfightingtheInternetbutbyworking

withit.Themusicindustrydroppedcopyprotectionandmadealmosteverysong

availableforabout$1each.TheTVindustrymadeitsshowsavailableforfreeatsites

▼

HOLLYWOOD

suchasHulu,paidforbyads.

6、Whatdoesthephrase"deadasadoornail"inParagraph1mostprobablymean?

A、Dyingout.

B、Unmovable.

C、Disappearingintohistory.

D、Undoubtedlydead.

标准答案：c

知识点解析•：含义题。眼据题干提示定位至第一、二段。根据第二段的描述，现在

只有少数电影大片商店还在营业。Netflix的首席执行官说，“我们预计DVD用户

每季度都会稳定下滑，并一直持续下去。''由此可以推断出DVD的销量不好，前

景并不乐观，会逐渐淡出人们的视线，因此选C项。

7、Inviewofthetrend,whatdoesthemovieindustryintendtodo?

A、Theyleavethemoneyonthetableforeveryonetotake.

B、Theydecidetotaketheopportunitytomakemoremoney.

C>Theymakeiteasiertorentmoviesonline.

D、TheyseemgoingtogiveupthebenefitfromtheInternet.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推断题。艰据题干关键词intentionofmovieindustry定位至第五段。

综合上下文可以得知，第四段讲到网络租赁可以给电影业带来巨大的利益，第五段

的well表示转折，意味着电影业没有获得这些好处，此处关键在于对leaving

moneyonthetable的理解，其字面意思很明显，即?E钱留在桌子上（不拿走），也就

是“放着利益不去赚取”的意思，因此选D项。

8、EachofthefollowingisrightEXCEPT.

A、newmoviescanbeseenonlysometimeaftertheirrelease

B、youcan'tgettheDVDextrasonlinebecauseyoupaylessthanrentaDVD

C、youhavetofinishtheDVDwithinonedaywhenrentingitonline

D、someclassicalmoviesarestillunavailableevenaftertheyarefinishedinthetheatres

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。艰据选项关键词定位至第六段。由该段第三句可知，尽管你

支付了与租借DVD一样的租金，但是网络上依然无法获得DVD的额外赠送，因

此B项的内容错误，为本题的答案。

9、Theresultofmovieindustry'sfightingwiththeInternetmaybe.

A、copyprotectionwillbedroppedandeverymoviewillbeavailable

B、themovieindustrywilleventuallyworkwiththeInternet

C、someoftheirlostprofitwillbemadelipforbyfightingwiththeInternet

D、themovieswillbemadeavailableforfreeatwebsitespaidforbyads

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推断题。根据题「关键词result和movieindustry'sfightingwiththe

Internet定位至最后两段可知，好莱坞可以借鉴音乐产业和电视行业的先例，他们

与网络斗争的最终结果都是合作，而不是更大力度的反击，因此B项正确。

10、Accordingtotheauthor,theeventualsolutiontomovieindustry'sfightingwiththe

Internetis.

A^onlinerentinginsteadoffightingisthebetterwayoutoftheillegalpiracy

B、themovieindustryshouldsticktotheirbrutalfighting

C^copyprotectionwillpreventthepiratedmovies

D^moviesshouldbemadeavailabletorentonlineforfree,paidforbyads

标准答案：A

知识点解析：态度题。作者在文章开头就提出了DVD即将消失的观点，在文章的

后半部分说明了好莱坞的禁令反而鼓励了盗版的盛行，在结尾又提出音乐和电视行

业解决类似问题的做法。因此，作者认为最终电影业会借鉴音乐与电视业的做法，

与网络合作来补偿其失去的利润，故正确答案为A项。

Conventionaldisplayadsaresimplywasteful,saysJakobNielsenofGroupM,alarge

mediabuyer.Sayacompanywantstoreachyoungmen.Itmightbuyadsonthesports

sectionofalargeportalsuchasYahoo!Butitwillalsobepayingforthewomenwho

visitthatpage.Real-timebiddinghelpssolvetheseproblemsbyallowingmarketersto

buyknownaudiences.Clicktoopenawebpageandanautomatedauctionbegins.Firms

bidtoserveanadvertisement,takingintoaccountwhereitwillappearandwhatthey

knowaboutthepresumedviewerfromdigitaltraceshehasunconsciouslyleftaroundthe

web.Thewinnerservestheadvertisement,oftencustomizingit——soyoumayseemore

adsforconvertiblecarsonasunnyday.Thewholeprocessgenerallytakessome150

milliseconds,orlessthanhalftheblinkofaneye.Butthegrowthofreal-timebidding

mayprovehighlydisruptive.Anauctionsystemallowseveryonetodiscoverthereal

valueofonlineads.Italsoprovidesawealthofdatatoadvertisersaboutthebehaviourof

theirtargetaudiences.Thesedayssomemediafirmscanchargerelativelyhighratesfor

onlineadsonthegroundsthattheirwebsitesarefrequentedbytheyoungortheaffluent.

Increasingly,advertisersarelearninghowtoreachthesamepeopleonotherwebsites,for

lessmoney.AsMrNielsenofGroupMputsit,theconversationbetweenbuyersand

sellersofadvertisingisbecomingunbalanced,withtheformeroftenarmedwithmore

datathanthelatter.Somemediafirmshaverespondedbysellingfeweradsthrough

middlemen,inrealtimeorotherwise.Theobviouswaytodothisistoforcepeopleto

registerforwebsites,oreventopay(whichrevealstheircredit-carddetailsandwhere

theylive).Inshort,contentisnolongerkingon-line.Informationaboutusersiswhat

reallymatters.Regulatorsmayyethinderthegrowthofreal-timebidding.Targeted

advertisingisdrawinganxiousscrutinyfromcongressmenandjournalists.AWallStreet

Journalinvestigationintoonlinetrackinglastyearfoundthatitsownwebsitedropped60

digitalmarkersontoavisitingcomputer.BeforeMay25thEuropeangovernmentsmust

incorporateaprivacydirectivethatisexpectedtomakeiteasierforuserstooptoutof

targetedads.Aconfusingpatchworkoflawsmayresult.Butfewexpectradicalchange.

Soquicklyhastargetedadvertisingadvancedthatabanwouldseverelydisruptthe

interneteconomy.Webusersaremorelikelytoseelittleiconsidentifyingtargetedads.If

thepastisanyguide,peoplewilllearntoignorethem,ioo.

11Itissuggestedreal-timebidadshelpadvertisersto.

A、easecompetitionamongthemselves

lowertheiroperationalcosts

C、holdastablecustomerbase

D、providebetteronlineservices

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推断题。第二段首句指出实时竞价广告模式解决了这些问题，所谓的

这些问题指的就是第一段提出的传统图片广告中广告商的运营费用高的问题。因此

实时竞价式广告解决了芍统图片广告的高费用问题，即有助于广告商节约广告运营

成本。B项最贴近文意。

12、It'simpliedinParagraph2thatreal-timebiddingfeatures.

A、onlinetrackingservices

B、randomcompetition

C^precisiontargeting

D、strongusertraffic

标准答案：c

知识点解析：细节题。第二段主体讲述了实时竞价的特征，媒体公司根据网络用户

的信息决定广告出现在哪里；媒体公司还能根据客户的差异、天气的变化调整广

告，实现个性化广告服务。由此可见，实时竞价能够做到精准定位，C项符合文

意。

Thegrowthofreal-timebiddingmayprovedisruptive,because.

A^therealvalueofreal-timebidadslosestransparency

B、digitalinfbnnationoftargetaudiencesfallsintoadvertisers'hands

C、onlineadsarechargedwithhigherratesbymediafirms

D、thebalancebetweenmediafirmsandadvertisersisdisturbed

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。第三段首先指出实时竞价可能极具破坏性；随后指出：媒体

公司、广告商都认可实时竞价广告的价值但因价格问题难以对广告的买卖达成一

致；后文第四段首句指出广告买卖双方的沟通失衡了。由此可.见，说实时竞价发展

具有破坏性是因为它造成了广告买卖双方的失衡，故D项最符合文意。

14、Whichofthefollowingiscrucialtotheworldofreal-timebidding,accordingto

Paragraph4?

A、Mediumofcommunicationbetweenadbuyersandsellers.

Harmonyofadbuyersandsellers.

C、Dataaboutbehaviourofusers.

D、Informationthatonlineadsdeliver.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。第四段最后一句明确指出内容已无法称霸网络，用户信息是

真正重要的。可见，实时竞价世界中最为关注的是客户（及其相关信息），故C项正

确，同时排除D项。（D项实为“内容”的同义表达）。

15、Theauthor'sattitudetowardsthebanontargetedadvertisingisoneof.

A、disapproval

appreciation

C>tolerance

D、skepticism

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。文章最后一段指出“少有人期待（对目标广告进行）根本性的

改变，因为目标广告发展过快，对其施以禁令会严重扰乱互联网经济，网民对其该

采取的措施只能是无视”可知，作者对目标广告的禁令的态度是反对，A项正确。

原文中fewexpect...radicalchange,severelydisrupt,ignore等词均侧面映射了作者

对ban的反对。

Theimageofaveiledbridewalkingdowntheaisleonherfather'sarmcouldbecomea

thingofthepastasagrowingtrendfor"feministweddings"hasbeendetectedamong

modernbridestobe.Doingawaywiththeengagementring,choosingnottobe"given

awaylikeproperty"andwearingacolourotherthanwhitearckeythemesgaining

tractioninthefeministweddingtrend.Thefindings,revealedinasurveyof200bridesto

be,revealedthatalmostaquarterofwomenplannedonkeepingtheirmaidennameafter

marriage,whileonein10wereplanningtowearacolourotherthanwhiteontheir

weddingday.Traditionssuchasthewearingofanengagementringarealsoincreasingly

beingrejectedbybrideswhofeelitisanti-feministwithsuchanobvioustokentobe

wornonthefingermarkingthewomaninquestionas"taken".Thetraditionofwearinga

veilisbeingsimilarlyrejected,assomewomenbelieveitplaysintotheideathata

womanis"revealed1'toherhusbandasthevirginbride.However,whilethereis

undoubtedlyastirringamongyoungbridestobe,parentscantakecomfortinthefactthat

whilesomewomenarebeginningtopushbackagainstthepatriarchy,themajorityare

stillkeentoupholdcertaintraditions,with76percentofbridessayingtheyreallywould

liketheirfathertowalkthemdowntheaisle.EikiParmarwhoconductedthesurvey,

said:"Someofthebrideswehavespokentoaredoingthingsthattheyfeelmaketheir

weddingmore'feminist"."Thatcouldbereflectedbydecidingnotbegivenaway,theidea

beingthatoneoftheconnotationsofthistraditionisthatthewomanispropertytobe

givenaway.Otherbridesarechoosingnottowearwhiteontheirweddingdayasa

woman'swhiteweddingdresstraditionallycarriesconnotationsofvirginalinnocence

whereaswhatthegroomwearsonhisweddingdayisnotperceivedtobesymbolic,

creatingsomewhatofanimbalancefromsomefeministperspectives.Formany,

traditionsarestillpartof:heceremonybutnotbecauseofreasonswhichmaybe

perceivedasanti-feminist.Forexample,thebridewilloftenwantherfatherto"give"her

away,notbecauseofanti-feministreasonsbutbecauseshelovesherfatherandwantsto

displaythatloveonherweddingday.

16、Thephrase"gainingtraction"(Para.1)probablymeans,

A、gainingpower

becomingpopular

C^drawingattention

D、increasingfriction

标准答案：B

知识点解析：含义题。艰据题干关键词定位到第一段最后一句，该句意为“女权主

义婚礼的主要特征是不需要订婚戒指、不愿意像私有财产一样，被交给谁'、不穿白

色的婚纱，这受到现代女性的从