考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷628

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷628

一、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分，共20分。）

Givenjournalists'penchantforstickingthesuffix"gate"ontoanythingtheythinksmells

ofconspiracy,apublic-relationsconsultantmighthavesuggestedadifferentname.But

ResearchGate,asmallfirmbasedinBerlin,isimmunetosuchtrivia.Itisambitious,

too-aimingtodofortheacademicworldwhatMarkZuckerbergdidfortheworldin

general,bycreatingasocialnetworkforscientists.Anditissuccessful.About1.4million

researchershavesignedupalready,andthatnumberisgrowingby50,000amonth.Non­

scientistsmightbesurprisedthatsuchanetworkisneeded.Afterall,theinternetwas

originallycreatedmainlybyacademicsforacademicsandMr.Zuckerberg'sinvention,

Facebook,gotitsstartoncollegecampuses.Butthoughtheinternethasspeededthings

up,ithasnotfundamentallychangedhowresearchersareconnected.Academic

communitiesarestillprettyfragmented,frequentlymakingithardforscientiststofind

othersdoingsimilarresearch.Andresultsoftenarenotsharedacrossdisciplines.To

makethingsmoreefficientandinterdisciplinary,ResearchGatewantstohelpthe

academicworldtogrowmoreconnectivetissue,asIjadMadisch,oneofthefirm's

founders,putsit.AsonFacebook,userscreateaprofilepagewithbiographical

information,listtheirinterestsandresearchskills,andjoingroups.Theycansecwhat

otherswithsimilarinterestsareuptoandpostcomments.Theycanalsouploadtheir

papersandcreateinvitation-onlyworkgroups.Atthemoment,mostofthoseusersarein

their20s.Theirfavouriteactivityistoaskeachotherquestionsaboutpracticalresearch

problems,fromDNA-sequencingtechniquestostatisticaltricks.Theyarealsobusy

readingeachother'spapers:morethan10millionhavebeenuploaded.Theservice

certainlysavestheseyoungresearcherstrialanderror,andthereforetimeandmoney.

TheywillprobablyalsolikeanewfeatureResearchGateisplanningtointroducein

April:afeedbacksystemwhichletsusersrateeachother'scontributions.Thiswould

allowthemtobuildareputationotherthanbypublishingpapers.Scientistswhose

reputationsareestablishedmaybemorehesitant,though,andnotjustbecausetheyare

setintheirways.Scienceisnotonlyaboutcollaborationbutalsoaboutcompetition.This

limitswhatpeoplearewillingtoshare.ButDr.Madischisoptimistic.Thosewhohave

grownupwithFacebook,hesays,knowthatsharingwillimprovetheirresearch.And

theiroldercolleagueswilleventuallycomearound-orretire.

1、Scientistsneedsuchasocialnetworkbecause.

A、theydemandachannellofindothersandshareresearchresults

B、theinternethasn'tbroughtfiindamentalchangestoacademicworld

C>academiccommunitiesarcstillveryfragmented

D、theywanttomakethingsmoreefficientandinterdisciplinary

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。取据题干关键词定位到第二段。第二段主要论述科学家们需

要社交网络的原因。最后一句为全段的中心句，意为“学术社区之间仍然相当零

散，科学家们时常很难找到其他同他们做相似研究的人，取得的成果也很难在学术

界内得以分享故A项“他们需要一个渠道找到其他科学家及分享研究成果”符合

题意，为正确答案。

2、AccordingtoIjadMadisch,ResearchGateisaimedto.

A、createasocialnetworkforscientists

B、strengthentheconnectionsofacademicworld

C^improvetheresearchconditionsofscientists

D>encouragescientiststosharetheirresearchresult

标他答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干关键词定位到第三段第一句Tomakethingsmere

efficientandinterdisciplinary,ResearchGatewantstohelptheacademicworldtogrow

moreconnectivetissue,asIjadMadisch,oneofthefirm'sfounders,putsit,止匕句意

为“为了让事情变得更高效并加强学术间的联系，作为公司的创始人之一，Ijad

Madisch成立了ResearchGate公司以帮助学术界增加更多方面的联系故B项“加

强学术界的联系''符合题意，为正确答案。

3、ResearchGate^newfeatureprobablywillbepopularamongusersbecause

A、itwillprovideuserswithanewchanneltoestablishtheirreputation

B、itallowsuserstoasksomepracticalresearchproblems

C^ithelpsyounguserssavetimeandmoney

D、itallowsuserstorateeachother'scontributions

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。限据题干关键词定位到第四段最后两句Theywillprobably

alsolikeanewfeatureResearchGateisplanningtointroduceinApril：afeedback

systemwhichletsusersrateeachother'scontributions.Thiswouldallowthemtobuild

areputationotherthanbypublishingpaperso此句意为“他们可能也会喜欢

ResearchGate将在4月份发布的一项新功能：反馈机制允许用户对他人的成绩

评分。通过该机制他们也可以建立起自己的学术声誉，而不仅限于通过公开发表论

文。”故A项“它给用户提供了一种建立声誉的新方法”符合题意，为正确答案。

4、AUofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT.

A、famousscientistsarchesitanttoshareonResearchGate

peopleareunwillingtoshareowingtocompetition

C^Dr.Madischbelievesthatsharingisameaningfulthing

D、theoldcolleagueswillretireinordertoexpresstheirdiscontent

标准答案：D

知识点解析•：细节题。眼据选项关键词定位到最后一段。最后一段主要在讲述

ResearchGate网站可能遇到的问题。D项“老同事为了表达他们的不满，可能退休”

是对Andtheiroldercolleagueswilleventuallycomearound—orretire的误解。故D

项为正确答案。

5、Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardssocialnetworkingfbrscientists?

A、Pessimistic.

B、Ambiguous.

C、Objective.

D、Uninterested.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：态度题。态度题要求考生对全文内容和语言基调有一个整体的把握。

本文主要围绕科学家的社交网络展开论述，首段引出话题，第二、三段阐明为科学

家建立社交网络的原因，第四段讲述了ResearchGate的用户及他们能从料交网络

中获得的好处。最后一段对ResearchGate这个社交网站可能遇到的问题展开论

述。全文整体上以一种客观的态度对此事进行了论述，故C项“客观的”为正确答

案。

TopmanagementrolesatmultinationalcorporationsinAsiaaretypicallyheldby

Westerners.ButnotjustanytypeofWesterner-regionaldirectorsandCEOsarealso

predominantlymen.Therearc"somebigchallenges"inAsiawhenitcomestowomens

effortstobreakthroughtheglassceiling,saidNickMarshofexecutive-searchfirm

HarveyNash.WhereasintheStatesandEuropethereareboarddevelopmentprograms,

theywerenotprevalentinAsia.InHongKong,just2%ofCEOsarewomen,according

toMcKinsey&Company'sWomenMatterreport.Theleadershiptrendmirrorsthe

realityacrosstheregionmorebroadly,wherewomeninAsiaoccupyjust1.1%ofCEO,

CFO,countryheadandrelatedpositions,accordingtoa2012Catalyststudy."Womenin

theworkforcehavechallengesthatarcdifferentfrommen,"saidSylviaLee,whoheads

OracleHongKong.Thishasoftenresultedinwomenleavingtheworkforcemidway

throughtheircareer.Weneedtorecognizethat,andprovideagoodsupportnetworkfor

themtoencourageandmotivateeachother.Womenlackingconfidenceintheir

leadershipabilitymayalsobeadrivingfactorinthegenderdisparity."Womendonotput

themselvesforwardatthesamerate,andmayexcludethemselvesfromopportunitiesif

theydon'tthinktheyhave100%oftheskillsrequired/'saidMr.Marsh,"whereasmen

maybemorelikelytoputthemselvesforwardiftheythinkthey'vegotatleast50%ofthe

skills.*'Evenatmultinationalcorporations,theprogressofwomeninseniorleadership

rolescanbelikenedtoanhourglass,saidMr.Marsh.Youseeabetterpoolofpeopleat

thetopbutitreallythinsoutalevelortwodownfrom:heCEOorboardofdirectors.

Womenmakeupalargenumberofentry-levelpositions,butoftenseewaning

representationatmanagementlevels.Topexecutiveswillhavetorecognizethatamore

balancedmanagementteamcouldhelpdrivesuccessinbusiness,saidMr.Marsh.Brad

Adams,humanresourcesresearchdirectoratadvisoryfirmCEB,saidmanytop

companiesarelookingbeyondthenotionofdiversitytotheconceptof"inclusion

management,"whichemphasizesbroadthinking,opennesstonewideas,deeper

understandingofcustomersorsupplychains,andthediversityofmarkets.Butendingthe

genderdisparitywillrequireconsciouseffort.

6、Bysaying"theleadershiptrendmirrorstherealityacrosstheregionmorebroadly"-in

Paragraph2,theauthorwantstoconveythemessagethat.

A、theleadershiptrendispopular

B、thenumberofwomenCEOsinmanyregionsissmall

C>thewomenCEOscan'tbewidelyaccepted

D、theleadershiptrendreflectsgenderdisparity

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干关键词定位到第二段。该段主要在讲述女性在事业

发展中占据劣势地位，尤其是亚洲女性，位居高管者寥寥无几。本段最后一句意为

“这种领导者构成趋势更广泛地反映了亚洲地区的现实。非营利组织Catalyst2012

年进行的研究结果显示，在亚洲的行政总裁、财务总监和国家元首等相关职位中，

女性占比仅为1.I%”。由此可知，B项、，女性CEO在许多地区仅占少数”符合题

意，为正确答案。

7^AccordingtoParagraph3,allofthefollowingstatementsarctrueEXCEPT

that.

A、menandwomenfacedifferentchallengesinwork

B、womenneedtobeencouragedandmotivated

C>womenlosemanyopportunitiesbecauseofnonconfidence

D、menaremorelikelytotakerisksthanwomen

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干关键词定位到第三段。第三段以甲骨文香港公司负

责人SylviaLee的话开头，指出男女在职场中面对的挑战不同，女性更需要鼓励和

支持，女性由于缺乏自信而失去了很多机会，这加剧了性别歧视。D项“男性比女

性更爱冒险''属于过度推断，原文只是说“男性觉得如果具备了至少一半的技能，便

很可能跃跃欲试”，只是说明男性比女性更自信，D项说到冒险，属于过度猜测。

故D项符合题意，为正确答案。

8、Thephrase"thinsout"(Para.4)probablymeans.

A、reduces

excludes

C>omits

D、filters

标准答案：A

知识点解析：含义题。根据题干关键词定位到第四段第二句。butitreallythinsout

alevelortwodownfromtheCEOorboardofdirectors,其中“thinoul”为一个动词词

组，原意为“变弱，减少”，此处意为“降低”。整句话是在讲最高管理层的确比较优

秀，但从CEO或董事会往下，真的会低一两个档次。由此可知A项“减少，降低”

符合题意，为正确答案。

9、AccordingtoBradAdams,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A、Manytopcompaniesarenotsatisfiedwiththenotionofdiversity.

B、Inclusionmanagementemphasizesafull-scaleconsideration.

C、Eliminatinggenderdisparityisnoteasy.

D、Diversifiedmanagementattachesmoreattentiontonewideas.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干关键词定位到最后一段。D项“多元化管理更注重

新观点”属于偷换概念，原文是说“包容管理更注重新观点”，故D项为正确答案。

10、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A、Genderdisparitystillexistsinallwalksoflife.

B、It'sdifficultfbrAsianwomentoobtainahigherposition.

C^WhyitisdifficultforAsianwomentoentertopmanagement.

D、It'stimetoimprovetlieexistingmanagementmodel.

标准答案：C、

知识点解析：主旨题。答对此题需耍考生对全文有一个清嘶的认识和理解。文章开

篇点题，表明亚洲地区的高管多是由男性把持，女性高管占据极少数。接着作者分

析了亚洲女性在工作中遇到的挑战及占据劣势的原因。最后作者指出尽管有些公司

力求改变这种领导格局，但消除性别歧视，仍是一件困难的事情。由此可知C项

“为什么亚洲女性进入高管层是困难的”符合题意，为正确答案。

Hostiletakeoversareneverpolite.OnefightinAmerica,however,hasbecome

particularlyugly.InDecemberahugestockmarket-tradedhospitalcompany,

CommunityHealthSystems,announcedthatitwantedtobuyanother,TenetHealthcare,

for$3.3billion.Thebidsoonbecameaquarrel.Inthesaga'smostrecentchapter,Tenet

filedalawsuitaccusingCommunityofoverbillinggovernmentandprivatehealth­

insuranceschemes.Althoughthisbidbattlehasbecomeunusuallyhateful,itisinline

withabroadertrendofconsolidationinthehugebutfragmentedbusinessofproviding

hospitalcare.In2009America'shospitalssoakedupone-thirdofallnationalhealth-care

spending,or$759billion,roughlyequivalenttotheentireGDPoftheNetherlands.Inthe

longtermanagingpopulationwillproducemoreinvalidsandthusmorebusiness.In

2014the"Obamacare"healthreformswillbring32mnewlyinsuredpatients.Theless

goodnewsisthatthehealthreformsalsobringnewregulationsandintensepressureto

containcosts.Thisisstrengtheningtheargumentforconsolidationamonghospital

operators.Mergersarenothingnewintheindustry.In1979only31%ofAmerica's

hospitalswerepartofalargerhospitalsystem.By2001morethanhalfwere.The

rationaleforjoiningalargerchainissimple.Itmeansbetteraccesstocapitalfor

renovationandexpansion,bettermanagementand—mostimportant—morepowerwhen

negotiatingtreatmentpriceswithhealthinsurers.Now,thehealthreformsarcpilingon

thepressuretomerge.Obamacarerequireshospitalstoinvestheavilyintechnology,even

asthegovernmentcutspaymentsfortreatments.Hospitalswillincreasinglyhaveto

demonstratethequalityoftheirservices.Smallhospitalsmaystruggletomeetsuch

demands;biggergroupswillbebetterequipped.Besides,nowisagoodtimetobedoing

deals,saysGaryLiebermanofWellsFargo.Creditmarketshaveofferedfavorableterms

tohospitalgroupsraisingmoney.Andthankstothedownturntherehasbeenample

supplyofnot-for-profithospitalsforsale.Community'sbidforTenetisthebiggestdeal

nowintheworks.BighospitaloperatorsmuststillcopewithObamacare'snew

requirements.Andinsomecases,growinglargerbringsitsownchallenges.Nonetheless,

thehospital-mergerwavestillhasfartogo.HCA,despitebeingtheindustry'sleader,

controlslessthan5%ofthemarket.Therearemanymoredealstocome,theonly

questionishowquickly.

11、Thefirstsentenceofthepassageaimstosuggestthat.

A^thecompanymergersarealwaysfullofhostilityandugliness

B>thecombinationofcompaniesneverleadstopolitenessandconsolidation

C、thedisagreementincompanyintegrationmaycausedisputeorevenaccusation

D^theunificationofcompaniesintheU.S.maynotoccurspontaneously

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推断题。第一段开门见山地指出恶意并购从来都不会温文尔雅地进

行。接下来作者利用美国的两个医疗公司并购的实例证明有些带有矛盾的公司并购

引起的官司。所以，本题的正确答案应该为C项。

12、Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthathospitalcompanymergers.

A、havenothingtodowiththeincreasingagingpopulation

meetobstaclesfromObama'snewhealthreformpolicies

C^arecausedbyenormousspendingoftheGDPofNetherlands

D、areencouragedbythegreatpressuretocontrolexpenses

标准答案：D

知识点解析♦：推断题。这段主要介绍美国医疗公司并购虽然引起了许多争端，但是

公司并购也是发展趋势，主要原因有巨大的资金投入、老龄人口增多带来病人和业

务更多、奥巴马的医疗改革方案会增加享受医疗保险的病人增多以及改革新规定和

控制医疗成本的压力等等。因此，本题的正确答案应该为D项。

13、Onereasonwhysomanyhospitalcompaniesseekfbrmergersisthat.

A、theyarepartofalargerhospitalsystemintheU.S.

B、joiningalargerchainisnotverydifficult

C、theycanobtainmorefinancesupportreadily

D、theycanbuysomenon-profithospitalsatverylowprices

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。该题对应文章的第三段，主要介绍医疗公司并购可以带来的

好处包括：更容易获得改革和扩展的资金、提高管理、与医疗保险公司协商治疗价

格时更有影响力.所以，本题的正确答案是「项°

14、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A、Obamacarehealthreformsincreasethepaymentsfbrtreatmentsgradually.

B、Thehospitalcompanieswillemphasizemoreoninvestmentintechnology.

C、NeithertechnologynorqualityofservicesiscriticaltohospitalsintheU.S.

D、Theeconomicdepressionleadstoadecreaseofhospitalselling.

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：细节题。B项”医疗公司将更加重视技术投资”与原文第四段第二句话

有相关性，奥巴马医疗改革要求技术方面投入大量资金。故B项为正确答案。

15、Whichofthefolloyvingcouldbestsummarizethepassage?

A、America'shospitalcompaniesareconfrontedwithseriouschallenges.

B、ObamacarehealthreformswillbringAmericansbettermedicalconditions.

C>Hospitalmergerscantakeadvantageofthefavorabletermsincreditmarkets.

D、Hospital-mergerwaveisbecomingprevailinginAmericanowadays.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：主旨题。通过每个段落的首尾句，考生可发现作者重点在介绍美国医

疗公司的并购问题，因此，D项“目前美国医院的并购趋势正在蔓延”是原文的正确

总结，为正确答案。

LastweektheAmericannovelistJonathanFranzenspokeaboutthee-reader,whichhe

saidthreatenedthesenseofpermanencefoundintheprintedbook.Iamallfortaking

shotsatAmazonanditspopularKindle,becausethecompanyisshowingthe

unmistakableticksofthepower-madmonopoly,butFi-anzcnwastalkingnonsense.Ifthe

printedwordweretheguardianofalldemocraticvalues,howisitthatthecountry

Germanywhere,in1439,JohannesGutenberginventedthemovabletypeprintingpress

yieldedalmost500yearslatertoatotalitarianhell,inwhichbooks,andtheknowledgein

them,weresuppressedwitharelativelysmallnumberofbonfires?Inkonpaperisnota

guarantorofgoodgovernmenteither.WhatIguessFranzeniscomplainingaboutisthat

peopleusinge-readersmaynotbringtheseriousattentiontoabookthatheappliesinhis

writing,whichisfamouslyundertakeninconditionsofmonasticrigourthatexcludean

internetconnection.Likemany,hebelievesthatwearelessabletofocusonthedeeper

meaningofbooksandaretheworseforit.Thisbeliefaboutourattention-deficitisnot

proven,buttheobviouspointiswestillhaveachoicebetweenscreenorprint,whichis

likelytoremain,becausepeoplewillalwaystakepleasureinreadingaworkonthepage

andmarkingapassage.Naturally,fewofusreadinthewaythatDickens'saudiencedid,

butthatisbecauseofadeficitoftime,notnecessarilyoneofattention.Wedo,however,

readandwritemoreeveryyear.Thestatisticsofourhyperactivityarcastonishingand

show,forinstance,thattheinformationpassingthroughourmindshasrisenthreefoldin

thepast30yearsandincreasesbyabout6%everyyear.So,thetruthisthatseriousbooks

suchasFranzen'sFreedomorTheCorrectionshavetocompeteforourtime,whetherin

printoronascreen.Butifabookisgood,itwillearntheeffortandreflectionthatno

doubtFranzen'sbookdeserve.Yetthisisnotanentitlementandtheideathatweare

becomingincapableofsustainedattentionsimplydoesn'tholdup,asthesalesof

complicatedsciencebooksattest.Indeed,Ihaveastrongsensethatthewebhasvastly

increasedourcollectiveintelligence;thatwearebetterinformed,shrewderandableto

gras