考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷374

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷374

一、阅读（补全短文）（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共

20分。）

Youaregoingtoreadatextaboutthetipsonwork-lifebalance,followedbyalistof

evidences.ChoosethebestevidencefromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedsubhcading（l-

5）.Therearetwoextraexampleswhichyoudonotneedtouse.LisaMcGonaglehasa

husband,threekidsandapublicrelationsbusinessinBoston.Herhecticlifespeaks

volumesaboutwhattimemanagementmeanstoher.Assheputsit:"I'mrunningallthe

time."Thesamemayapplytoyou.Andthatmakestimemanagementcentraltothe

healthandgrowthofyourlife,professionandbusiness.Truthshouldbeknown:Not

everyonehasagenuinehandleontheeffectiveuseoftime.Soyou'renotalone.Hereare

somesuggestionsthatmayhelpyougettimeonyourside:[Cl]Don'toverbook.This

mayseemunusualtopeoplewhotrytocrowbarasmuchaspossibleintoeveryworkday.

Theproblemis:Thingsrarelygoaccordingtoaprearrangedagenda.Thatmeansalotof

timefallingthroughthecrackschasingdownappointments,unreturnedphonecallsand

otheritemsthatsimplyaren'tgoingtohappen.[C2]Prioritizeruthlessly.Thesecretto

bookingyourtimeeffectivelyboilsdowntoknowingwhat*simportantandwhatcan

wait.Butit'scriticaltousethesharpestknifepossibleintrimmingtheessentialfromthe

secondary.[C3]Learnhowtosayno.Oneofthebiggestlandminestoeffectivetime

managementisrecognizingyoudon'thavetoagreetoeverythingandwitheveryone.Use

yourprioritycriteriatoidentifyrequeststhatsimplyaren'tworthyourlime.[C4]

Organize.Bringingyourtimeintolineisn'tjustamatterofscheduling.Themechanicsof

howyouoperatecanbeeverybitasimportant.Thatmeansorganizingmostevery

elementtoallowassmoothaworkflowaspossible.[C5]Usetechnology.Although

personalhabitsandpracticescandowondersfortimemanagement,don'toverlook

technologyasyetanotherweapontomakethemosteffectiveuseofyourworkday.

[A]"Don'ttrytoplanondoingtoomanythings,"saysMcGonagle."Assumethatonly

50%ofthethingsyouplanondoingtodaywillactuallygetdone.Ifyoudon't,you'lljust

wastevaluabletimetryingtofindoutwhythingsdidn'lhappen."|B|"Begratefulfor

whatgoesrightandlearnfromyourmistakes,nsaysKurth."Actasiftheywerescenesin

amoviethatyougettoretake."[C]Forinstance,MicrosoftBusinessContactManager

letsyouorganizeawidearrayofcustomerandproductparticulars,allowingquickand

easyaccess,"Stickynotesarconeoftheworstthingsintheworld,"saysMcGonagle.

"Youshouldhvebyyourdatabase.Ihatway,nothingiseverforgotten."LDJ'Tve

learnedthatsayingnotoonethingopensthedoortosayingyestosomethingelse,"says

Kurth."Thatcanmeananythingfromcleaningmydesktogettingagoodnight'ssleep.H

[E]Partofeffectivetimemanagementisknowingwhentoshutthingsdown.Turningoff

acellphoneorotherwirelessmeansofcommunicationestablishesboundaries.Inshort,it

helpsyoubalanceyourpersonalandprofessionaltime.[F]"Learntoaskquestionsthat

helpyoudeterminethelevelofurgency,"saysKristaKurth,co-authorof"Runningon

PlentyatWork"."Negotiatelongerleadtimeswheneveryoucananddon'tgiveintothe

'instant-and-immediateanswer'syndrome.Treatingeverythingastoppriorityisdraining

anddepleting."|G]"Everythinginyourbusinessshouldbesetupusinglogicalsystems

soanyoneneedinganythingcanfinditwhentheyneedit,"saysPeggyDuncan,an

Atlanta-basedpersonalproductivityauthority."Eliminatingclutterandthechaositcauses

willgiveyouagiftof240to288hourseveryyear."

1、[Cl]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本段的主旨是计划好的事情会因为各种情况而无法完成，因此人们应

该量力而行，根据自己的时间来制定计划。通读各个选项，选项A,McGonagle的

话的意思是不要安排太多计划，否则就会浪费更多的时间来思考没完成事情的原

因，是从反面论述了根据时间制定计划的重要性。故A为最佳选项。

2、[C2]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：本段的主要内容是介绍有效利用时间的秘诀：按照事情的重要程度进

行安排，学会分清主次。本题的关键词是“重要性”，选项F的意思是提问有助于判

断事情的重要程度，如果把每件事都作为最重要的任务来完成就会让人身心疲惫。

与前文的“重要性”相呼应，故为最佳选项。

3、[C3]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本段的主旨是要根据重要程度对需要做的事情进行安排，对无关紧要

的事情学会说“不本题的关键词是“拒绝选项D则指出拒绝一方就等于同意另

一方，在面对不同的选择时要学会拒绝。与前文相呼应，故为正确选项。

4、[C4]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：本段的主旨是统筹规划，即安排事情不仅要进行时间安排，而且还要

进行统筹规划，使每件事情衔接得当。选项G的大意是如果能合理安排一切事

务，就可以最大限度地利用时间，节约时间，取得良好的工作效果。即统筹安排好

工作，才能减少由于安排不当而浪费的时间。与段落主旨相符，故为正确选项。

5、[C5]

标准答案：c

知识点露析：本段主要阐述了科学技术在提高工作效率上的作用。关键词为“科学

技术l选项C则通过微软的例子指出运用数据库技术可以防止遗忘，有效提高工

作效率，与段落内容相符，为正确选项。

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions1-5,youarerequired

toreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofill

ineachnumberedbox.Thefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouin

Boxes.[A]Forthosecoupleswhohavechildren,buildingafamilyand"being"afamily

requirescommunicatingwell.Otherwise,theyarejustagroupofpeoplesharingthesame

residence.Manylegallydefinedfamiliesdonotorcannotcommunicate,andendup

dysfunctional.Isitanywonder?Nogroupcanfunctioneffectivelyasaunitwithoutits

memberscommunicatingwitheachother.|B|OvertenmillionsAmericansareaddicted

toalcohol.Mostofthemliveinaconstantstateofsevereemotionaldistress.Mostof

themareinvolvedinasteadyuphillbattletomaintaintheirfamilies,friendsandjobs.

Mostofthemaredestroyingtheirmindsandbodies.Mostofthemhavechildren.

[C]However,functionalfamiliesnowseemtobetheexceptionratherthantherule.

Divorce,drugs,violenceorapathytearstoomanyfamiliesapart.Infact,somesources

suggestthatnearlyeveryfamilyhasatleastonedysfunction"inthecloset".The

unavoidabletruth,however,isthatwhenfamiliesbreakup,individualsareoftenforced

tocopewiththecomplexitiesoflifeontheirown,quicklydiscoveringhowdifficult

successisinlifewithoutthestablefoundationofafamily.[D]Despiteallitspowerand

strength,thefamilyunitremainsoneofthemostvulnerablehumanconnections.In

America,whereover50%ofmarriageswithchildrenendindivorce,wherethreatsto

humansafetysuchasdrugsandgangsseemtobeeverywhere,thefamilyisstrugglingto

functionasarefuge.Itisquiteliterallyunderattackbyasocietythatseemstotempt

membersofthefamilytogodownotherpaths."Familyvalues"isnotjustanotherslogan.

ItisprobablythemajorconcernofAmericansociety.[E]Theideaisnotnew,butit

deservesrepeating:"Familiesarethebuildingblocksofsociety."Itwouldthereforecome

asnosurprisewhenpolitical,civicandreligiousleadersadamantlypromote"family

values."Theyknowthatfamilieswhosticktogetherandfunctionasaunitformthe

foundationofthelargercommunity.Theyalsorealizethatproductivemembersofsociety

tendtocomefromstrong,intact,"functional"families.Moreover,wcallknowthe

importantrolefamilyplaysinbuildingstrength,confidenceandstabilityineachofits

members.|F|Improvingcommunicationswithinthefamilyisthebestwaytoturnaround

problems.Buildingfamilycommunicationsistheclassic"win/winMsituation:every

memberofthefamilyismoresecurewithoneanotherandreadytodealwiththeworld

outside.Inaddition,societyitselfimproveswithmorefamilyunitsachievingstability.

[G]Perhapsthegreatestproblemleadingtofamilydysfunctionandmaritalbreak-up

involvescommunicatinghonestly,openlyandlovinglybeforehavingchildren.The

couplegetstoknowoneanotherbetterandestablishesamature,trustingrelationshipthat

willimproveafterchildrenareborn.However,thisisararecase.Mostoften,partners

withholdvitalinformalion(failtorevealfeelingsaboutcertainissuesormatters,for

example)andarevirtualstrangerstoeachother.Ofcourse,thisisamostunpromising

starttocommunicationwithinthefamily.Commonknowledgearguesthatcouples

shouldneverstaytogether"forthesakeofthechildren",butacommunicationally

dysfunctionalcoupleshouldnotevenconsiderhavingchildren!Order:

Id^15.Il-M

6、

标准答案：c

知识点解析：本题应从上文获取线索。上文指出家庭在社会建设中的基础作用，并

且健康、完整、功能良好的家庭有助于人的成功。通读选项，选项C的“然而”与

前文形成转折关系，并且“如今维系得很好的家庭似乎是例外而不是惯常现象”是在

承接上文的基础上的转折句，为引出下文作铺垫。故C选项为最佳选项。

7、

标准答案：G

知识点解析：本文可以从上文获取信息、。上文指出不健康的家庭给人的成长带来的

负面影响，要想成功，更是难上加难。因此接下来的内容应分析导致家庭基础不稳

定的原因是什么。选项G则分析了造成家庭不和以及婚姻破裂的关键问题，与上

文相衔接，为最佳顺序选项。

8、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：前文指出如果夫妻双方不应为了孩子而勉强生活在一起，而无法沟通

的家庭更不应该考虑生孩子。选项A则指出有孩子的家庭应该如何处理家庭关

系，与前文形成对比，是最好的衔接选项。

9、

标准答案：D

知识点解析•：木段介绍了美国当前的家庭状况，并指出家庭本应是人们的避难所，

但是社会却给家庭带来了诸如毒品、黑帮等威胁，使得家庭岌岌可危。家庭已经成

为美国社会广泛关注的问题，选项F则介绍了改善家庭关系的方法，依据逻辑顺

序，应先分析问题，然后给出解决方法，故D选项在F选项之前“

10、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：选项F介绍了改善家庭关系的最好方法是有效沟通，以及家庭沟通

的优点。与前文相衔接，是针对问题给出的对策。故为最佳选项。

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions1-5,youarerequired

toreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofill

ineachnumberedbox.Thefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouin

Boxes.[A]Theproblemsfacedbymissingandrunawaychildrenandtheirfamilieshave

receivednationalattention,resultinginanetworkofprogramsandservices.Policeoffer

theprimaryserviceintherecoveryofchildren.Parentsorotherfamilymembersshould

reportallchildrenbelievedmissingorrunawayimmediatelytopolice.Swiftactionis

importanttoachild'ssafetyandrecovery.[B]Runawaysusuallyleavehomevoluntarily

andtendtobeteenagers.Therearemanyreasonswhychildrenrunawayfromhome.

Mostrunawaysfeelmisunderstood,unlovedorangrywiththeirparents.Theyfindlifeat

homeunbearableandbelievethatlivingelsewherewillbebetter.Somerunaways

actuallyare"thrownout"oftheirhomes.Parentsofthese"throwaway"childrenoftendo

notwantthefinancialburdenofchildrearingorcannothandledifficultadolescent

behaviors.[C]Familiesofmissingandrunawaychildrenfacemanyproblems.Parentsof

missingchildrenfeelguiltyorresponsiblefortheirchild'sabduction.Theyalsocan

sufferfromfearandanxietyaboutwhatmayhappentotheirmissingchild.Parentsof

runawaychildrenalsomayexperiencethesameorsimilarconcerns.Notknowingthe

whereaboutsorconditionofachildcancreatestressforallfamilymembers.

[D]Preventionisthebeststrategyforkeepingchildrenfromtheranksofthemissingand

runaway.Understandingwhattodotorecovermissingandrunawaychildrenalsois

essential.[E]Othcrprogramsandservicesalsoarcavailable.Manybusinessesand

organizationsdisplaypicturesofmissingchildren.HHotlines'*provideameansfor

runawaychildrentocommunicatewiththeirfamilies.MSafehouses"andsheltersare

availabletorunaways.Severalprogramsprovidefreeridestorunawayswhowishto

returnhome.Thegrowingnationalconcernaboutmissingandrunawaychildrenmirrors

theseriousnessoftheproblem.Unfortunately,however,thenumberofmissingand

runawaychildrencontinuestorise.[F]BetweentwoandthreemillionAmericanchildren

aremissingorrunawayeachyear.Aroundthree-quartersofamillionareclassified

"missingchildren"andabouttwomillionarc"runaways'1.Theprecisenumberof

Americanchildreninthesetwocategoriesisunknown.Somemissingchildrenturnoutto

berunawaysandsomerunawaysaremissingchildren.Parentsdonotalwaysreport(heir

runawaychildren.[G]Missingchildrenarelostorvictimsofabduction.Theytendtobe

youngerthanrunaways,usuallyunder14yearsofage.Strangerskidnaplessthan20%of

thesechildren.Familymembers,mostoftenthenon-custodialparent,abductthemajority

ofmissingchildren.Separatedordivorcedparentswhodonothavelegalcustodymay

"steal"theirownchildren.Childrenwhoarethevictimsofabduction,eitherbystrangers

orbyfamilymembers,arelikelytosufferemotionaldamagebecauseoftheexperience.

Order:LZJH,1：I,J,1I,ITIII斗II

11、

标准答案：G

知识点解析：本题可以从上文获得信息。前文概括了在美国孩子失踪和离家出走的

基本情况。概括的顺序是先介绍孩子失踪的情况，后介绍离家出走的情况。因此，

在下文的选择中，将描述孩子失踪的情况放在离家出走的情况之前。选项G概述

了失踪的孩子基本年龄沟成以及由于他们的失踪给家庭带来的影响，故为正确选

项。

12、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题可从前文获得选项，承接上文。上文概括了孩子失踪情况的基本

概述，故本段应选择孩子离家出走情况的基本概述。选项B则概括了孩子离家出

走的年龄构成及主要原因，因此为正确选项。

13、

标准答案：C

知识点角5析：本题可从逻辑思路角度获取信息。前文介绍了孩子失踪或离家出走的

基本情况，从逻辑思路分析，在介绍了基本情况之后，应该对这种情况给这些孩子

的家庭带来的负面影响进行分析。选项C就介绍了孩子失踪或离家出走后他们的

家庭所面临的问题，即池们的失踪或离家出走给家庭带来的不良影响，故为正确的

顺序选项。

14、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题可以从逻辑思路角度进行排序。上文介绍了孩子失踪或离家出走

给家庭带来的影响，接下来则应针对这些不良影响寻找解决问题的方法。选项A

介绍了失踪和离家出走的孩子及其给家庭带来的影响引发了社会的普遍关注，并介

绍了专门针对这种情况制定的主要计划和服务，故选项A应放在此处。

15、

标准答案：E

知识点角》析：本选项介绍了其他为找到失踪和离家出走的孩子的计划和方法，与上

文提到的主要方式相衔谖，故为最佳顺序。

Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutsometipsforgettingwork/lifein

balance.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumbered

paragraph(l-5).Therearctwoextraheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.[A]Lcarnto

BetterManageYourTime[B]FindaNewJob[C]SharetheLoad[DJSetPriorities

|E]NegotiateaChangewithYourCurrentEmployer|F|Don'tSweattheSmallStuff

[G]SlowDownHerearesomelipstohelpyouachieveabetterbalanceinyourlife.Take

amomenttoreadandreflectonthesetips-andthengetyourlifeinbalance![Cl]

Progressiveemployersrecognizethevalueofgoodemployees,andmanyare

willingtofindwaystohelpcurrentemployeesdealwithshort-termorpermanent

changescausedbyfamilysituations.Thechangescanincludeflextime,jobsharing,

telecommuting,orpart-timeemployment.Yourfirststepistoresearchyouremployer's

policiesandmethodsofhandlingpreviousrequests.Thengotoyourbossarmedwith

informationandaplanthatshowshowyouwillbeanevenmorevaluableandproductive

employeeifyoucanmodifyyourcurrentworksituation.FindaNewCareer.Some

careersaresimplymorestressfulandtime-consumingthanothers.Ifyouneedmoretime

foryourselforyourfamily,nowmaybethetimetoexplorecareersthatarelessstressful

andmoreflexible.[C2]Ratherthanacareerchange,perhapsyousimplyneed

totakealessstressfuljobwithinyourchosencareer.Thischangemayinvolveworking

withyourcurrentemployertoidentifyanewposition,itmayinvolveafulljob-search,or

itmayinvolvetempingorbecomingaconsultantorstartingafreelancingorotherhome-

basedbusiness.[C3]Lifeissimplytooshort,sodon*tletthingspassyouina

blur.Takestepstostopandenjoythethingsandpeoplearoundyou.Schedulemoretime

betweenmeetings;don'tmakeplansforeveryeveningorweekend,andfindsomeways

todistanceyourselffromthethingsthatarecausingyouthemoststress.[C4]

Eventhoughwemaysometimesfeelwe'retheonlyonescapableofdoingsomething,it's

usuallynotthecase.Getyourpartnerorotherfamilymemberstohelpyouwithallyour

pcrsonal/familyresponsibilities.Takingcareofthehousehold,children,orparentsshould

notbetheresponsibilityofjustoneperson.[C5]Ifssimplersaidthandone,

butlearntoletthingsgoonceinawhile.Sowhatifthedishesdon'tgetwashedeveryday

orthatthehousedoesn'tgetvacu