考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷5（共196题）

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷5（共9套）

（共196题）

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷第1套

一、阅读（补全短文）（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共

20分。）

[A]Haveenoughinformation[B]ListentoyourGremlin[C]Testthemagainstyour

values[D]Respectyourdoubts[E]Trustyourgut[F]Weighupthepro'sandcon's[G]It

justdoesn'tmatterSomeyearsagoIrememberstandinginmykitchen,staringsilentlyat

myboxesofcereal,tryingtodecidewhichtohaveforbreakfast.1stoodtherefor5

minutes,until-utterlyfrustrated—Imarchedoutofthehouseandwentwithout.

FortunatelyI'velearnedtomakedecisionsmorequicklyandmoreeasilynow,andwhenI

noticethatsecond-guessinganddoubtingstartingtokickin,Ikickitrightback.Sohere

are5waystomakeconfidentdecisions.[RI]Somanytimeswehaveto

makedecisionswithoutaframeworkandnowaytojudgebetweentwochoices.When

facedwithatrickydecisionit'softenagoodideatolineupyourchoicesandask"Which

oneofthesemosthonorsthethingsthatmeanthemosttome?"Thedecisionihafsmost

inlinewiththethingsthatmeanthemosttoyou—yourcorevalues—willbethebest

decisionforyou.Thatmightnotbethesimplestormostpractical,butbecauseitfitswith

whoyouareandwhal'smostinipurlanlloyouitwillalwaysbelliebestdecisionforyou.

[R2]WhenIwasgrowingupIusedtoloverainySundayafternoons

watchingColumbo（anAmericancrimefictionTVseries）.WhatColumbohadbundlesof

wasagreattrustinhisintuition.Ineveryepisode,fromtheverymomenthefirstmeets

thebadguy,heknows"whodunit”—andhealwaystruststhatSolookatwhatyour

intuitiontellsyouisthe'right'decisionforyou.Forgetaboutallthe"Whatif's"andthe

myriad,tinydetails-whatisyourguttellingyou?Listentoyourintuition,itknowswhat

it'stalkingabout.[R3]Mydecisionbetweenbreakfastcerealswasn'ta

bigdeal.Whicheverone1chose,therewerenevergoingtobeanyhugeconsequences

andtheripplesfromthatdecisionwouldn'thavebeenfeltmuchfurtherthantheendof

myspoon.Sometimesitjustdoesn'tmatterwhichwayyougo.It'seasytogetwrappedup

insecond-guessingyourself,goingroundincirclesandover-complicatingthings,

when—ifyougetrightdowntoit—itjustdoesn'tmatter.Goingroundincirclesisonly

goingtomakeyoudizzy,sostopit.Askyourselfthisquestion——ifyourfuturehappiness

wasn'tdependentonyourdecision,whichwaywouldyougo?[R4]Go

andgetthefactsbeforeyoumakeacomplexdecision.Byallmeansweighupthepro's

andcon'ssothatyoucangetanunderstandingofwhat'sbehindachoice.Butbe

careful—there'sahugedifferencebetweenknowingenoughtomakeachoice,and

knowingeverythingtomakeachoice.Whenyoufeelyourselfpursuingeveryfactor

everypieceofinformationbeforeyoumakeadecision,stopyourself.Ask"WhatdoI

reallyneedtoknowtomakethisdecision?"andfocusyoureffortsongettingthebest

informationrelativelyquickly.[R5]Weallnaturallyshyawayfrom

change,andwe'vedevelopedawholebunchoftricksthatmakeiteasyforustoavoid

makingdecisionsandstayexactlywhereweare.Thatpartofyouisoftencalledthe

"Gremlin",andit'sthepartofyouthatwouldratheravoidmakingdecisionsaltogether

raftertitanruntheriskofmakingabadoneorscrewingup.YourGremlinisnotthesame

thingashavingdoubts,whicharevalidconcernsaboutapossiblecourseofaction,or

reasonableconcernsaboutwhatmightbeinstore.Yourdoubtscanhelpyoupreparefor

changeandgetreadyforwhatcouldhappen.YourGremlinisadeptatfeedingonyour

doubtsandusingthemtogetyoutostayput,soknowingthedifferencebetweenyour

Gremlinandyourvaliddoubtshelpsyouclarifywhat'srealandwhat'simagined,what's

relevantandwhat'sirrelevant.

1、[Rll

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本段多次提到thethingsthatmeanthemost,后文中通过破折号给出解

释：“最重要的”也就是“核心价值观”(yourcorevalues),以告诉读者做选择时要与

核心价值观作比较衡量，由此可见正确答案为C。

2、[R2]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：本段先通过作者观看电视剧的经历得出结论：相信直觉(agreatmist

inhisintuition),然后段末重中该结论：要listentoyourintuition,也就是E中的

Trustyourgut。对gut一词不熟悉的考生可以通过whatisyourguttellingyou猜出

gut在该情景中的大致意义，即“本能反应，直觉”。

3、[R3]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：该段首句已经给出该段的中心意思：wasn'tabigdeal,即“根本不是

什么大事儿”。接下来段中又提到Sometimesitjustdoesn'tmatterwhichwayyou

go,这时考生可以确认答案为G。

4、[R4]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本段讲述的是通过重点搜集必要信息来帮助做出决定，但不是所有信

M(everypieceofinformation),因此选A。

5、[R5]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：该段引出了Gremlin一词，并将其解释为“逃避做决定，保持现

状”(avoidmakingdecisionsandstayexactlywhereweare)。作者认为这种观念是不可

取的：Gremlinisnotthesamethingashavingdoubts：作者认为havingdoubts是“合

理的担心”(reasonableconcerns),并不是“逃避做决定”，D的Respectyourdoubts说

的是要尊重怀疑，与该段大意正好相符。

[A]Gettingcarriedawaywiththeculture[B]Carryingvastamountofluggage[C]

Stayingontheroadtoolong[D]Wearingsexyclothing[E]Judgingothertravelers[F]

Failingtorespectthelocalculture|G|ExpectingeverythingtogotoplanThereisno

doubtthattourismprovidesapositiveimpactontouristspots.Itcreatesqualityjobsfbr

thelocalcommunity,revivesthelocalcultureratherthandestroyingit,andencourages

theprotectionandrestorationoftheenvironment.Yetnoteverytravelerwillreceive

warmwelcome.Onthecontrary,someupsetthelocalsandmakefellowtravelersretreat.

Hereisalistedsomeofthedeadliestsinsoftravel.Prayyoudon'tcommitthem.[RI]

OK,travelingforlongperiodsoftimeishardlyasin,providedyou're

spendingsomecash,butifyoustayawaylongerthanyoumeantto,itcanturnyouintoa

less-than-agreeabletraveler.Youstarttothinkthateveryoneyoumeetisouttoripyou

off,yougetalittletooconfidentwhensomeonehelpsthemselvestoaspotaheadofyou

inlineandthelanguagebarrierstartstobeanannoyingheadacheratherthanan

entertainingchallenge.[R2]Andatsomepointwe'reallguiltyofsaying

yestoacoupleofculturalno-nossuchasnotmoderatingtheirclothingastheyheadfrom

theshelteredenvironmentofthehotelpooltothewiderworldofEgypt'stombs.But

sometimesthosewho'vebeenwanderingtheworldfbrgreatlengthsoftimefeelthatthey

knowitallandcandonowrong.Remembersexyclothing,chuggingbeerandgrabbing

yourboyfriend'sasscouldwelloffendafewlocals.Andifyoifveupsetthelocals,it'llbe

thenextgroupoftravelerswhopay.[R3]Envelopingyourselfinlocal

customsispartofthereasonwetravel.Wewanttosampleoriginalflavors,seeunusual

architecture,learnforeigntonguesandexperiencethenewtraditionsthatcomewitha

differentreligion.Butsometravelersgotoofar:theyputonthelocaltraditionalclothes

togoabouttheirdailyaffairs,wouldneverdreamofeatingahamburgerandfrownatthe

verynotionofsocializingwithoneoftheircountrymen.Respectingacultureisonething,

butadoptingitasyourowncansometimescauseoffence.Plusyoulookridiculous.

[R4]Nomatterhowmanyyearsyou'vebeentravelingtheglobe,things

willalwaysgowrong.Trainswillbreakdown,hotelswillfillup,attractionswillcloseon

theonlydayyoucouldpossiblyvisitandfoodpoisoningwillputyououtofactionjustas

youhadsomelife-affirmingadventureplanned.Thekeyistoacceptthesetbacksasa

naturalpartofyouradventure.Expectingeverythingtorunsmoothlyistosetfootonthe

roadtodisappointmentandawaytoruinyourtrip.[R5]Travelsnobsare

peoplewhoconsiderthemselvessuperiorforawealthofbizarrereasons.Theytravelfor

longer,roughitmore,strayfurtherfromthebeatentrackorsimplycarrylessluggageand

thereforefeeltheneedtolookdownonanyonewhodoesn'tmeettheirstandards.Who

caresifsomeoneoptsforpackagetoursorcarriesvastamountsofdesignerluggageto

theirfive-starhotels?Ifyouspendyourtimesortingoutthegoodtravelersfromthebad,

youruntheriskofruiningyourtrip.

6、[RI]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本段关键信息为首句中的stayawaylongerthanyoumeantto以及turn

youintoaless-than-agreeabletraveler,即如果在旅游景区逗留太长时间，会把自己

变成不招人喜欢的游客。由此可知，C项Stayingontheroadtoolong（在旅途中停留

太长时间）是本段的小标题。

7、［R2］

标准答案：F

知识点解析:本段首句提到了guiltyofsayingyesto...culturalno-nos（对当地的文化

禁忌置之不理），下文又提到一些会冒犯当地人的行为，由此可知，F项Failingto

respectthelocalculture（不尊重当地文化）是本段想要指出的误区。

8、［R31

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本段前两句指出应尊重当地文化，第三句转折词But后的内容才是本

段的关键信息。该句指出，sometravelersgotoofan：有些游客的行为过火了），下文

接着列举了一些游客过度接受当地文化的行为，如穿上民族服装处理日常事务等，

故A项Gettingcarriedawaywiththecullllre（过于沉浸于当地文化）是本段想要传达

的文意。

9、［R4］

标准答案：G

知识点解析：由段中的ihingswillalwaysgowrong以及Expectingeverythingtorun

smoothlyis...toruinyourtrip可知，G项Expectingeverythingtogotoplan（期望所有

事情都按计划进行）是本段提醒旅行者应避免的误区。

10、［R5］

标准答案：E

知识点解析:本段的中心在末句Ifyouspendyourtimesortingoutthegoodtravelers

fromthebad,you…（如果你把时间花在判断哪些旅行者好，哪些旅行者不好身上，

你就...），E项Judgingothertravelers（评判其他旅行者）是该段提醒旅行者应避免

的误区。

Evenifitweretopass,anairlinepassengerbillofrightsisn'tgoingtosavemosttravelers

fromenduringdelaysattheairporl-especiallyduringthisbusysummertravelseason,

whenairplaneswillbenearoratfullcapacityandtheusualonslaughtofstormysummer

weatherisexpected."It'sgoingtobeachallenge.Theseareallingredientsfordelay,n

saysDavidCastelveter,spokesmanfortheAirTransportAssociation,whichrepresents

90%ofallU.S.commercialairlines.Buttravelerscanimprovetheiroddsofavoiding

majortroublesbyusingthesetipssuggestedbyairlineexperts.1.BookflightswiselyThe

U.S.DepartmentofTransportation（DOT）recommendsthatpassengersscheduletheir

flightsforearlyintheday,whicharetheleastlikelytobedelayed.2.Beasavvypacker

Knowwhatyoucanandcan'tlakewithyouinyourcarry-onbaggage,aslistedbythe

TransportationSecurityAdministration.3.KnowtheshortcutsPassengerscanavoid

longlinesbyprintingoute-ticketsathomeandcheckinginattheairline'selectronic

kiosks.4.KnowwhatyouareentitledtoIfrequested,allairlinesmustpresenttheir

passengerswithaContractofCarriage,whichoutlineswhatrightsapassengerhavein

theeventofadelayorcancellation.5.Ifallelseisfailing,rememberRule240Rule240

isanagreementbetweeniheairlinesthattheywillhonoranotherairline'sticketifthey

havethemeanstodoso.Finally,learnhowtocountto10.Keepingcooliskey.Airline

representativesandflightattendantswillbemoreresponsivetoarespectfulpassenger,

andhostilepassengersmayonlymakethesituationworseforthemselves.[A]liquidsand

gelsareofspecialconcern.Ifcarriedon,theymustbelessthan3ounceseach,allkept

togetherinonly1quart-sizedplasticbag,andscannedindividuallybysecurity.

Castclvctcrrecommendsthattravelerskeeptheirbagwiththeliquidsandgelsatthetop

oftheircarry-onluggage,sosecuritypersonnel"don'thavetogodiggingthroughthemat

thesecuritycounter."|B|IfUnitedAirlineshascanceleditsflighttoChicagobut

AmericanAirlines'flighttoChicagoisstillscheduledtodepart,apassengercouldask

AmericantohonoritsUnitedticket.Ofcourse,thistacticdoesn'talwayswork,especially

withcheapertickets.[C]Intheeventofaflightcancellation,linesattheticketcounter

maybelong,sogettingonthephonewiththeairline'sreservationhotlinedoublesa

passenger'schancesofgettingonanotherflight.[D]Trytoscheduleatleastanhour

betweenconnectingflights,especiallyiftheyarewithdifferentairlines.Andbookwith

airlinesthathaveastrongtrackrecordofon-timearrivals,aschartedmonthlybythe

DOT.[E]Dependingontheairlineandthecircumstances,apassengermayreceivea

travelvoucher,cashreimbursement,hotelaccommodationsandalternativemeansof

transportationtotheirdestination.AfteritsmassivedelaysinFebruary——includingthe

strandingofnineairplanesonaJFKtarmacforuptotenhours——JetBluepresenteda

Customer'sBillofRights,whichentitlespassengersto$25travelvouchersfordelaysas

littleasonehour(depending,ofcourse,onthecircumstances).|F|Passengerscanalso

speedupsecuritylinesbykeepingtheirID'shandyatalltimes.

0-0

11、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据本段小标题，本段给出的是预定机票的建议，纵观所有选项，只

有D给出的两个建议是关于预订机票的，D中出现的schedule...anhour和book

with…等词都与预订机票有关，故本题选D。

12、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本段讲述如何打包行李，乘客应知道whatyoucanandcarfttake

with,由此可以推测下文应该具体说明允许或禁止携带的物品，A提到的液体和凝

胶体的携带正与此相符，其中提到的carry-onluggage也与文中的carry-onbaggage

对应，故本题选A。

13、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：本段标题中的shortcut意为“捷径”，即最快速的方法，F中说到了加

快安检速度(speedupsecurilylines)的方法，可知F为正确答案。

14、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：标题中beentitledto意为“有……的权利”，即乘客需要了解自己的权

利。文中提到“运输合同”(ContractofCarriage)中说明了在航班延误情况下乘客享有

的权利，据此推测下文讲的应该是乘客享有权利的具体内容。E说到了乘客在延误

情况下可以得到travelvoucher、cashreimbursement>hotelaccommodations等赔

偿，与文意相符，故为答案。

15、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本段主要介绍了“240条款”，即航空公司在有条件的情况下，可以承

兑另一家航空公司的机票，那么下文的内容应该是对此条款的具体说明。B以

AmericanAirlines可承兑UnitedAirlines的机票为例说明此条款,符合文意，故答

案为Bo

Whenisitpermissibletotellalie?Never,accordingtoAugustineandKant.Machiavelli

approvedlyingforprinces,Nietzschefortheexceptionalhero-theSuperman.Most

otherphilosophers,andordinaryfolk,arelesscertain,allowingsomelies,butnotothers.

Aftersome2,500yearsofmoralspeculation,saysPhilosopherSisselaBok,mankindis

stilltryingtoworkoutgroundrulesforacceptablelying.1.Mentalreservationasatype

oflying.Inhernewbook,Lying,Boktracesthehistoryofconvolutedargumentsonthe

subject.Forinstance,casuistsinventedthe"mentalreservation."2.Casuallying

frequentlyusedinAmerica.Mostnormsonlying,Bokwrites,growoutofelaborate

moralsystemsofthoughtthatMareoftenelegantinoperation,nobleindesign.Butwhen

wehavetomakedifficultconcretemoralchoices,theygiveuslittlehelp."Intheabsence

ofclearsocialguidelines,casuallyinghasbecomeentrenchedinAmerica.3.Lying

acceptedinacademiccircle.Bokalsoarguesthatlyingisnowanacceptedpartofmany

professions,includinglav/andthebehavioralsciences.4.Lyinginjournalism.Boksees

problemsinjournalismtoo.ThoseliesreportedonTVornewspapers,shemaintains,

werenotclearlynecessaryandmayencourageotherreponerstousesuchtactics

routinely.ReportersBernsteinandWoodward,however,seemeduntroubledby"the

wholefabricofdeception',.5.Shouldpoliticalliesbeapproved?Bythisstandard,she

argues,politicalliesarerarelyjustifiable."Ifgovernmentduplicityistobeallowedin

exceptionalcases,1'Bokconcludes,nthecriteriafortheseexceptionsshouldthemselves

beopenlydebatedandpubliclychosen.Otherwisegovernmentleaderswillhavefreerein

tomanipulateanddistortthefacts."Thenwhatkindsofliesshouldbepermitted?Bok's

answer,onlythoseapprovedinadvancebythegeneralpublic.Bokfeelsthatdoctors

shouldstopvirtuallyalllyingtopatients,universitiesshouldrootoutfraudulentand

deceptiveresearch,andgovernmentofficialsshouldbeexpectedtosticktothetruth.Her

point:thepublicisnowsocynicalaboutbeingliedtothatonlyextraordinaryeffortsto

avoidlyingwillrestoreafeelingoftrust.Or,asMarkTwainonceobserved,"Alwaysdo

right.Thiswillgratifysomepeople,andastonishtherest."[A]Forinstance,theyusedto

uncovertheWatergatescandal.[B]SocialPsychologistJeraldJellisonestimatesthatthe

averageAmericanoutstripsPinocchiobytelling200liesaday,includingwhiteliesand

falseexcuses("SorryI'mlate.Iwastiedupattheoffice").|C]Theuseofunmarked

policecarsisoneexampleofsociallyapproveddeception.[D]Forinstance,Grotiussaid

thatspeakingfalselytoanintruderisnotalie.This,Boksuggests,wouldbesomething

likeknockingamantotheground,thenexplainingthatyoudidnothithimbecausehe

hadnorighttobethere.|E|Inatypicalexperimentinsocialpsychology,forexample,a

subjectismisledabouttheaimsofthestudytoseehowhereactsunderpressure.[F]The

phrasecanbebestinterpretedbythisexample:"Mr.Smithisnotintoday"—aliethatis

magicallytransformedintoatruthbyaddingtheunspokenthought"toyou."

If,I

16、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：本段小标题为“保留意见(Menlalreservalion)也是说谎的一种方式”。F

所举例子说的是一句谎话在补上某些一般不说出口的限定条件之后就未必是谎言，

言下之意，这种有所保留的表达方式也是说谎行为，论证的正是本段标题的观点。

其中，F的unspokenthought表达出reservalion“有所保留”的意思，而Thephrase实

际上指的正是诡辩家提的“mentalreservation”这个说法。因此确定F为正确答案。

17、

标准答案：B

知识点解析；小标题点明了本段主旨；美国人经常撒谎。各选项中，只有B提及

美国人说谎的相关信息，其中的averageAmerican...telling200liesaday表明

美国人说谎频繁，解释了文中说的“随口扯谎的行为己深深扎根于美国人的日常生

活当中”(castrallying...entrenched...)。故选B。

18、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：小标题谈到学术圈的谎言。浏览选项，发现E说到在一个社会心理

学的典型实验中研究人员故意错误引导被试者以观察他在压力下的反应，social

psychology与原文中的behavioralsciences属同类，故选E。

19、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本段讲新闻行业中的说谎行为，前两句说到新闻中存在撒谎的现象，

并且指出这样的不正之风对行业发展有不良影响。接着第三句出现了转折词

however,说明第三句及后面的内容应该跟前两句相反。AISSOWWatergatescandal

是一个著名的新闻丑闻事件：该项中的they实际上指的就是本段第三句提到的两

名记者；A大致意思是有人揭露了水门事件，正好与前两句形成对比转折。综上所

述，故选A。

20、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本段探讨政治谎言是否该得到允许，而博克认为只有那些事先得到公

众认可的谎言才能得到允许，C所说的“允许使用无标志警车”说明了此观点，且

sociallyapproveddeception与该段中的approved...bythegeneralpublic为近义

复现，故本题应选C。

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷第2套

一、阅读（补全短文）（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共

20分。）

[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,MADinneratPoplarWalk"broughttearstoDickens'seyes

whenhediscovereditinthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches,

whichappearedunderthepenname"Boz"inTheEveningChronicle,earnedhima

modestreputation.[B]ThcrunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,asitisgenerally

knowntoday,securedDickens'sfame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,

andtheplump,spectacledhero,SamuelPickwick,becameanationalfigure.|C|Soon

afterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryin

monthlyinstallments,asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbythethen-famousartist

RobertSeymour,whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristic

confidence,DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymour'spicturesillustratehisownstory

instead.Afterthefirstinstallment,Dickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrecta

drawingDickensfeltwasnotfaithfulenoughtohisprose.Seymourmadethechange,

wentintohisbackyard,andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickens

andhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel,ThePosthumous

PapersofthePickwickCub,appearedseriallyin1836and1837andwasfirstpublished

inbookformin1837.[D]CharlesDickensisprobably（hebest-knownand,tomany

people,thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Amoralist,satirist,andsocial

reformer,Dickenscraftedcomplexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethe

panoramaofEnglishsociety.[E]Soonafterhisfather'sreleasefromprison,Dickensgota

betterjobaserrandboyinlawoffices.Hetaughthimselfshorthandtogetonevenbetter

joblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinParliament.Atthesamelime,

Dickens,whohadareporter'seyefortranscribingthelifearoundhimespecially

anythingcomicoradd,submittedshortsketchestoobscuremagazines.[F]Dickenswas

borninPortsmouth,onEngland'ssoutherncoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritish

Navypayoffice—arespectableposition,butwithlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternal

grandparents,astewardandahousekeeper,possessedevenlessstatus,havingbeen

servants,andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dickens'smothersupposedly

camefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDickens'sbirth,hismothefs

fatherwascaughtstealingandfledtoEurope,nevertoreturn.Thefamily'sincreasing

povertyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinWarren'sBlackingWarehouse,

ashoe-polishingfactory,wheretheotherworkingboysmockedhimas"theyoung

gentleman."Hisfatherwasthenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliationsofhisfather's

imprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDickens'sgreatestwoundand

becamehisdeepsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeventohiswife,althoughthey

providetheacknowledgedfoundationofhisfiction.[G]AfterPickwick,Dickensplunged

intoableakerworld.InOliverTwist,hetracesanorphan'sprogressfromtheworkhouse

tothecriminalslumsofLondon.NicholasNickleby,hisnextnovel,combinesthe

darknessofOliverTwistwiththesunlightofPickwick.Thepopularityofthesenovels

consolidatedDickensasanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.

回一IL|卜El二IT3II4|LTs」

1、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：根据题目说明，B、D选项位置己知，并且D项是作为首段出现，D

项介绍了狄更斯的身份地位，F项开头部分也是对于狄更斯出身的介绍，根据常

理推断，讲述其出生地的内容应该在文章开篇的前两段提到，并且之后的内容介

绍了其父母、家庭信息，也能构成语义的衔接，故选F。

2、

标准答案：E

知识点露析：F项后半段大量提到了狄更斯父亲被判入狱的事情以及对其后期小说

写作的影响，观察剩下的几个选项，E项的段首提到了soonafterhisfather's

releasefromprison,Dickensgota...,于是该选项可以和F项的内容构成最大衔

接，故选E。

3、

标准答案:A

知识点解析♦：观察E项末句，该句提到狄更斯对于生活的视角，并能根据生活内

容来创作，把创作内容提交给杂志，其中submittedshortsketchestoobscure

magazines和A项的首句Thefirstpublishedsketch'%DinneratPoplarWork”能够连

贯衔接，故选A。

4、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：该题可以艰据A项的最后一句或B项的段首句来进行判断，B项首

句提至U了特指的therunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers»再观察剩下的选项，C

项的末句提到1Thecomicnovel,ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClubs...,

可以构成衔接，故选C

5、

标准答案：G

知识点解析：根据排除法，还剩下G项，并且B项末句提到的Pickwick也能和G

项开头的afterPickwick构成衔接，故选G。

[A]Manystudiesconcludethatchildrenwithhighlyinvolvedfathers,inrelationto

childrenwithlessinvolvedfathers,tendtobemorecognitivelyandsociallycompetent,

lessinclinedtowardgenderstereotyping,moreempathic,andpsychologicallybelter

adjusted.Commonly,thesestudiesinvestigatebothpaternalwarmthandpaternal

involvementandfind—usingsimplecorrelations—thatthetwovariablesarerelatedto

eachotherandtoyouthoutcomes.[B]Boysseemedtoconformtothesex-rolestandards

oftheirculturewhentheirrelationshipswiththeirfatherswerewarm,regardlessofhow

"masculine"thefatherswere,eventhoughwarmthandintimacyhavetraditionallybeen

seenasfemininecharacteristics.Asimilarconclusionwassuggestedbyresearchonother

aspectsofpsychosocialadjustmentandonachievemenl:Paternalwarmthorcloseness

appearedbeneficial,whereaspaternalmasculinityappearedirrelevant.[C]Thecritical

questionis:Howgoodistheevidencethatfathers'amountofinvolvement,without

takingintoaccountitscontentandquality,isconsequentialforchildren,mothers,or

fathersthemselves?Theassociationswithdesirableoutcomesfoundinmuchresearcharc

actuallywithpositiveformsofpaternalinvolvement,notinvolvementperse.

Involvementneedstobecombinedwithqualitativedimensionsofpaternalbehavior

throughtheconceptof"positivepaternalinvolvement"developedhere.[D]Commonly,

researchersassessedthemasculinityoffathersandofsonsandthencorrelatedthetwo

setsofscores.Manybehavioralscientistsweresurprisedtodiscoverthatnoconsistent

resultsemergedfromthisresearchuntiltheyexaminedthequalityofthefather-son

relationship.Thentheyfoundthatwhentherelationshipbetweenmasculinefathersand

theirsonswaswarmandloving,theboyswereindeedmoremasculine.Later,however,

researchersfoundthatthemasculinityoffatherspersedidnotseemtomakemuch

differenceafterall.Assummarizedby:[E]Theseconddomaininwhichasubstantial

amountofresearchhasbeendoneontheinfluenceofvariationsinfatherlovedealswith

fatherinvolvement,thatis,withtheamountoftimethatfathersspendwiththeir

children(engagement),theextenttowhichfathersmakethemselvesavailabletotheir

childrcn(acccssibility),andtheextenttowhichtheytakeresponsibilityfortheirchildren'

scareandwelfare(responsibility).|F]Itisunclearfromthesestudieswhether

involvementandwarmthmakeindependentorjointcontributionstoyouthoutcomes.

Moreover,"caringfor"childrenisnotnecessarilythesamethingas"caringabout"them.

Indeed,Lambconcludedfromhisreviewofstudiesofpaternalinvolvementthatitwas

notthesimplefactofpaternalengagement(i.e.,directinteractionwiththechild),

availability,orresponsibilityforchildcarethatwasassociatedwiththeseoutcomes.

Rather,itappearsthatthequalityofthefather-childrelationshipmadethegreatest

difference.J.H.Pieckreiteratedthisconclusionwhenhewrote:[G]Researchby

VenezianoandRohnersupportstheseconclusions.Inabiracialsampleof63African

AmericanandEuropeanAmericanchildren,theauthorsfoundfrommultipleregression

analysesthatfatherinvolvementbyitselfwasassociatedwithchildren'spsychological

adjustmentprimarilyinsofarasitwasperceivedbyyouthstobeanexpressionofpaternal

wannth(acceptance).[H]Manystudieslookingexclusivelyattheinfluenceofvariationsin

fatherlovedealwithtwotopics:(a)gcndcrroledevelopmentand(b)fathcrinvolvement

Studiesofgenderroledevelopmentemergedprominentlyinthe1940sandcontinued

throughthe1970s.Thiswasatimewhenfatherswereconsideredtobeespecially

importantasgenderrolemodelsfbrsons.Order:

百一1I•门T21I3.||一向一[T]~5.1

6、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、

标准答案.E

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、

标准答案：r

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、

标准答案：G

知识点解析：暂无解析

Thefollowingparagraphsarcgiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions1-5,youarcrequired

toreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelistA-Htofillin

eachnumberedbox.ParagraphsA,GandHhavebeencorrectlyplaced.|A]Many

studiesconcludethatchildrenwithhighlyinvolvedfathers,inrelationtochildrenwith

lessinvolvedfathers,tendtobemorecognitivelyandsociallycompetent,lessinclined

towardgenderstereotyping,moreempathic,andpsychologicallybetteradjusted.

Commonly,thesestudiesinvestigatebothpaternalwarmth