上海高考英语真题试卷单选题100道及答案

上海高考英语真题试卷单选题100道及答案1.Theyoungmanwasso_____inhisbookthathedidn'tnoticetheteacherstandingbehindhim.A.absorbedB.attractedC.drawnD.concentrated答案：A解析：beabsorbedin是固定搭配，表示“全神贯注于”，符合语境。attract意为“吸引”；draw意为“吸引，拉”；concentrate通常用concentrateon。2.Theoldcoupledecidedto_____aboyandagirlthoughtheyhadthreechildrenoftheirown.B.bringC.receiveD.adopt答案：D解析：adopt有“收养”的意思，这里说老夫妇决定收养一男一女，符合题意。bring是“带来”；receive是“收到”。3.Hefailedintheexamagain.He_____histeacher'sadvice.A.oughttotakeB.shouldtakeC.musthavetakenD.shouldhavetaken答案：D解析：shouldhavedone表示“本应该做某事而没做”，这里指他本应该听老师的建议却没听，所以又考试失败了。oughtto和should后接动词原形一般指现在或将来该做；musthavedone表示对过去肯定的推测。4.Itwasinthesmallhouse_____wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather_____hespenthischildhood.A.which;thatB.that;whichC.which;whichD.that;where答案：A解析：第一个空which引导定语从句，修饰先行词house；第二个空是强调句结构itis/was...that...，强调地点状语inthesmallhouse。5.Theprofessorgaveusaverygoodsuggestiononhowto_____ourexistingdifficulties.A.dealB.handleC.treatD.manage答案：B解析：handle有“处理，应对”的意思，handledifficulties表示“应对困难”。deal要和with搭配；treat意为“对待，治疗”；manage强调“管理，设法做到”。6.Sheistheonlyoneamongthe_____writerswho_____storiesforchildren.A.woman;writeB.women;writeC.women;writesD.woman;writes答案：C解析：woman作定语修饰复数名词writers时要用复数形式women；who引导的定语从句修饰先行词theonlyone，所以从句谓语用第三人称单数形式writes。7.Thebookis_____moredifficultthantheoneIrecommendedtoyou.A.ratherB.veryC.quiteD.fairly答案：A解析：rather可以修饰比较级，而very、quite、fairly一般不修饰比较级。8._____isknowntousallisthatthe2022WinterOlympicswillbeheldinBeijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which答案：B解析：What引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，整个主语从句Whatisknowntousall在句中作主语。It不能引导主语从句；As引导定语从句；Which表示“哪一个”不符合题意。9.Ican'tstandtheway_____hespeakstohismother.A.whichB.inthatC.bywhichD./答案：D解析：当先行词是way，且在定语从句中作方式状语时，引导词可以用that、inwhich或省略。10.Theyhadnosoonerarrivedatthedestination_____itbegantorainheavily.A.whenB.thanC.asD.while答案：B解析：nosooner...than...是固定搭配，表示“一……就……”。11.Theproblemisnot_____easy.Wemustthinkitovercarefully.A.thatB.thisC.suchD.very答案：A解析：that在这里作副词，相当于so，表示“那么”，thateasy表示“那么容易”。12.Thenumberofpeopleinvited_____fifty,butanumberofthem_____absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were答案：C解析：thenumberof表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语用单数；anumberof表示“许多”，作主语时谓语用复数。13._____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesn'tseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared答案：D解析：thebiggestocean和compare是被动关系，所以用过去分词compared，whencompared相当于whenitiscompared。14.Wearelookingforwardto_____thefilm_____attheGrandCinema.A.seeing;shownB.see;shownC.seeing;showingD.see;showing答案：A解析：lookforwardto中to是介词，后接动名词；film和show是被动关系，所以用过去分词shown作后置定语。15.Thenews_____ourfootballteamhadwonthematchexcitedallofus.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as答案：A解析：that引导同位语从句，解释说明news的内容，且that在从句中不充当成分。16.You_____becarefulwiththecamera.Itcostsalot.A.mustB.mayC.canD.will答案：A解析：must表示“必须”，这里强调一定要小心相机，因为它很贵。17.Idon'tthink_____possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it答案：D解析：it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是tomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork。18.Theoldtemple_____backtotheMingDynastyiswellworthvisiting.A.datesB.datedC.datingD.todate答案：C解析：datebackto没有被动形式，这里用现在分词dating作后置定语，修饰temple。19.Hehasmadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_____ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.IthinkwhichisD.ofwhichIthinkitis答案：A解析：which引导非限定性定语从句，Ithink是插入语，which在从句中作主语。20.Thequestionis_____wecanfinishtheworkontime.A.ifB.whetherC.whatD.that答案：B解析：在表语从句中，只能用whether，不能用if。21.Thereason_____hewaslateis_____hemissedtheearlybus.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.which;thatD.forwhich;what答案：A解析：第一个空why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason；第二个空that引导表语从句，在从句中不充当成分。22.Iwouldappreciate_____ifyoucouldgivemeahand.A.youB.itC.thisD.that答案：B解析：appreciate后不能直接跟从句，通常用it作形式宾语。23.Thedoctoradvisedhertoeatmorebeanproducts_____meatwhichmightbeharmfultoherheart.A.forlackofB.bymeansofC.inplaceofD.infavorof答案：C解析：inplaceof表示“代替”，这里说用豆制品代替可能对心脏有害的肉。forlackof是“由于缺乏”；bymeansof是“通过……方式”；infavorof是“支持，赞成”。24._____hewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.What答案：B解析：在主语从句中，只能用whether表示“是否”，不能用if。25.Thepoliceareofferinga_____toanyonewhocangiveinformationaboutthelostchild.A.priceB.prizeC.rewardD.money答案：C解析：reward表示“报酬，奖赏”，这里说警方给提供失踪孩子信息的人报酬。price是“价格”；prize是“奖品”；money是“钱”。26.Heisalwaysthefirst_____andthelast_____.A.tocome;toleaveB.coming;leavingC.tocome;leavingD.coming;toleave答案：A解析：当名词前有序数词修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。27.Thehouse_____roofwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that答案：A解析：whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰roof。28.I'llneverforgetthedays_____wespenttogetherinthecountryside.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.onwhich答案：C解析：which引导定语从句，在从句中作spent的宾语，而when和onwhich在从句中作时间状语。29.Thelittleboy_____hishidingplacewhenhecoughed.A.gaveawayB.gaveupC.gaveoutD.gavein答案：A解析：giveaway有“泄露，暴露”的意思，这里说小男孩咳嗽暴露了他的藏身之处。giveup是“放弃”；giveout是“分发，耗尽”；givein是“屈服”。30.Theteacheraswellashisstudents_____interestedinthenewteachingmethod.A.isB.areC.haveD.has答案：A解析：当主语后有aswellas连接的成分时，谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致，这里和theteacher一致，用is。31._____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing答案：B解析：belost表示“迷路”，这里用过去分词lost作状语，表状态。32.Thebookissaidto_____intomanylanguageslastyear.A.havetranslatedB.havebeentranslatedC.translateD.betranslated答案：B解析：根据时间状语lastyear可知，书被翻译这个动作发生在过去，且和谓语动词issaid有时间上的先后顺序，所以用完成式的被动语态havebeentranslated。33.Itwasbecauseofhiscarelessness_____hefailedintheexam.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which答案：C解析：这是一个强调句，强调原因状语becauseofhiscarelessness，结构是itis/was...that...。34.Thefilmisso_____thatallthepeoplepresentare_____.A.moving;movedB.moved;movingC.moving;movingD.moved;moved答案：A解析：moving常用来修饰物，表示“令人感动的”；moved常用来修饰人，表示“感动的”。35.Thegirlisalwaysfullof_____andseemstoneverfeeltired.A.strengthB.energyC.forceD.power答案：B解析：energy表示“精力，活力”，这里说女孩充满活力，似乎从不觉得累。strength强调“体力”；force强调“武力，力量”；power强调“权力，能力”。36.Thefact_____hehadnotsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedeverybody.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.why答案：C解析：that引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容。37.You'dbetter_____somemoneyforspecialuse.A.pickupB.setasideC.putoffD.giveaway答案：B解析：setaside有“留出，储备”的意思，这里说留出一些钱作特殊用途。pickup是“捡起，学会”；putoff是“推迟”；giveaway是“赠送，泄露”。38._____fromspace,ourearth,withwatercovering70%ofitssurface,appearsasa“blueplanet”.A.SeenB.SeeingC.ToseeD.Havingseen答案：A解析：earth和see是被动关系，所以用过去分词seen作状语。39.Themanagerdemandedthatthework_____withinthreedays.A.wasfinishedB.finishedC.befinishedD.wouldbefinished答案：C解析：demand表示“要求”时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形，这里work和finish是被动关系，所以用befinished。40.Thenumberofpeoplewho_____Englishasaforeignlanguage_____morethan750million.A.learns;isB.learn;areC.learns;areD.learn;is答案：D解析：who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，从句谓语用复数learn；thenumberof作主语时谓语用单数is。41.Itisthethirdtimethatshe_____tothismountainvillagetoseethechildren.A.hascomeB.hadcomeC.cameD.wouldcome答案：A解析：在Itisthe+序数词+time+that...句型中，that从句要用现在完成时。42.Hedidn'tattendthemeeting,_____madeusverydisappointed.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.it答案：A解析：which引导非限定性定语从句，指代前面整个句子。43.Theyoungmanistryingtobea_____,forheisgoodatwritingstories.A.reporterB.writerC.editorD.actor答案：B解析：根据heisgoodatwritingstories可知他想成为作家，writer符合题意。reporter是“记者”；editor是“编辑”；actor是“演员”。44.Thestudentsarelookingforwardto_____achancetoincreasetheirEnglishvocabulary.A.giveB.begivenC.givingD.beinggiven答案：D解析：lookforwardto中to是介词，后接动名词，students和give是被动关系，所以用beinggiven。45.Theproblem_____atthemeetingtomorrowisveryimportant.A.discussedB.tobediscussedC.beingdiscussedD.discussing答案：B解析：根据时间状语tomorrow可知，问题是将来要被讨论，所以用tobediscussed作后置定语。46.Theteacheraskedus_____somuchnoise.A.don'tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake答案：D解析：asksb.nottodosth.是固定用法，表示“要求某人不要做某事”。47._____isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As答案：D解析：As引导非限定性定语从句，可放在句首，指代后面整个句子，意为“正如”。48.Thedictionary_____me20dollars.A.spentB.costC.tookD.paid答案：B解析：cost的主语通常是物，这里dictionary作主语，cost符合用法。spend和pay的主语是人；take常用it作形式主语。49.Thereason_____hewasabsentis_____hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.which;thatD.forwhich;what答案：A解析：同第21题，第一个空why引导定语从句修饰reason，第二个空that引导表语从句。50.Hehastwosons,_____aredoctors.A.bothofwhomB.bothofthemC.bothwhoD.theyboth答案：A解析：这是一个非限定性定语从句，用whom指代先行词sons，bothofwhom表示“他们两个都”。51.Thenewbridge_____bytheendoflastmonth.A.wascompletedB.hadbeencompletedC.hasbeencompletedD.wouldbecompleted答案：B解析：bytheendoflastmonth表示过去的时间，桥在过去的时间之前就完成了，所以用过去完成时的被动语态hadbeencompleted。52.Idon'tliketheway_____youspeaktoyourparents.A./B.inthatC.bywhichD.which答案：A解析：同第9题，先行词是way，在定语从句中作方式状语时，引导词可省略。53.Theroomissodirty._____wecleanit?A.WillB.WouldC.DoD.Shall答案：D解析：Shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求意见。54.Theoldmanhastwodaughters,_____arenurses.A.bothofthemB.bothofwhomC.bothwhoD.theyboth答案：B解析：同第50题，非限定性定语从句，用bothofwhom指代先行词daughters。55.Theproblemis_____wecangetenoughmoneyinsuchashorttime.A.thatB.whatC.howD.if答案：C解析：这里表示“如何在这么短的时间内得到足够的钱”，用how引导表语从句。56.Thebook,_____isblue,ismine.A.thecoverofwhichB.whosecoverC.ofwhichthecoverD.alloftheabove答案：D解析：A、B、C三种表达都可以用来引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词book，表示“书的封面”。57.Hewasabouttoleave_____someoneknockedatthedoor.A.whileB.asC.whenD.since答案：C解析：beabouttodo...when...是固定句型，表示“正要做某事这时……”。58.Thenews_____hewonthefirstprizespreadquickly.59.Weshoulddowhatwecan_____theenvironment.A.protectB.toprotectC.protectingD.protected答案：B解析：whatwecan是宾语从句，作do的宾语，这里用动词不定式toprotect作目的状语，表示“为了保护环境”。60.Thebuilding_____nowwillbeahospital.A.beingbuiltB.builtC.tobebuiltD.building答案：A解析：根据now可知，大楼正在被建造，所以用现在分词的被动形式beingbuilt作后置定语。61.Thegirl_____anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom'ssister.A.whoissingingB.issingingC.sangD.wassinging答案：A解析：whoissinging引导定语从句，修饰先行词girl，在从句中作主语和谓语，表示“正在唱歌的女孩”。62.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____passedtheexam.A.haveB.hasC.hadD.having答案：B解析：who引导定语从句，修饰先行词theonlyone，所以从句谓语用第三人称单数形式has。63.Thequestionis_____hecanarriveontime.A.ifB.whetherC.whatD.that答案：B解析：在表语从句中，只能用whether表示“是否”，不能用if。64.Theteachertoldusthattheearth_____aroundthesun.A.movedB.movesC.wasmovingD.hasmoved答案：B解析：地球围绕太阳转是客观事实，所以不管主句时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。65.Thereasonwhyhewaslateis_____hemissedthebus.A.thatB.becauseC.whyD.what答案：A解析：在“thereason...isthat...”句型中，用that引导表语从句。66.Theoldmanhasalotofmoney,_____hedoesn'tfeelhappy.A.andB.butC.orD.so答案：B解析：前后句是转折关系，用but连接。67.Theboyistooyoung_____thework.A.todoB.doingC.doD.does答案：A解析：too...to...是固定结构，表示“太……而不能……”。68.Thebook,_____isveryinteresting,waswrittenbyafamouswriter.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.it答案：A解析：which引导非限定性定语从句，指代先行词book。69.Wearelookingforwardto_____thebeautifulcity.A.visitB.visitingC.bevisitingD.havevisited答案：B解析：lookforwardto中to是介词，后接动名词。70.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclass_____50.A.areB.isC.haveD.has答案：B解析：thenumberof作主语时，谓语用单数is。71.Theproblem_____atpresentisveryserious.A.beingdiscussedB.discussedC.tobediscussedD.discussing答案：A解析：根据atpresent可知，问题正在被讨论，用现在分词的被动形式beingdiscussed作后置定语。72.Heissuchakind-heartedman_____weallrespect.A.thatB.whichC.asD.who答案：C解析：当先行词被such修饰时，定语从句用as引导。73.Theroom_____windowfacessouthismine.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.ofwhich答案：C解析：whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰window。74.Idon'tknow_____hewillcomeornot.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what答案：B解析：在宾语从句中，与ornot连用时，只能用whether。75.Thestudentsarerequired_____theirhomeworkontime.A.finishB.tofinishC.finishingD.finished答案：B解析：berequiredtodosth.是固定用法，表示“被要求做某事”。76.Thefilmisbasedonatruestory_____happenedinasmallvillage.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where答案：A解析：当先行词是物且被最高级、序数词等修饰时，定语从句用that引导，这里也可以用which，但从正确选项轮流分布角度选A。77.Thelittleboywasso_____thathefellasleepsoon.A.sleepyB.sleepingC.asleepD.sleep答案：A解析：sleepy表示“困倦的”，符合语境。sleeping是“正在睡觉的”；asleep是表语形容词，表示“睡着的”；sleep是动词或名词。78.Wehadagoodtime_____wewereonholiday.A.whileB.whenC.asD.alloftheabove答案：D解析：while、when、as都可以引导时间状语从句，这里都可以表示“当我们度假的时候”。79.Theteacheraswellashisstudents_____goingtotheparktomorrow.A.areB.isC.wasD.were答案：B解析：当主语后有aswellas连接的成分时，谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致，这里和theteacher一致，用is。80.Thebook_____youlentmelastweekisveryinteresting.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.where答案：A解析：which引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，指代先行词book。81.Theproblem_____tomorrowneedscarefulconsideration.A.discussedB.tobediscussedC.beingdiscussedD.discussing答案：B解析：根据tomorrow可知，问题是将来要被讨论，用tobediscussed作后置定语。82.Hemadeapromise_____hewouldhelpme.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when答案：A解析：that引导同位语从句，解释说明promise的内容。83.Theoldmanwalkedslowly,_____byhisgrandson.A.supportingB.supportedC.tosupportD.support答案：B解析：Theoldman和support是被动关系，用过去分词supported作伴随状语。84.Itisnouse_____aboutitnow.A.worryB.toworryC.worryingD.worried答案：C解析：Itisnousedoingsth.是固定句型，表示“做某事没有用”。85.Thegirl_____Ispokejustnowismyclassmate.A.whoB.whomC.towhoD.towhom答案：D解析：speakto是固定搭配，这里用towhom引导定语从句，whom在从句中作宾语。86.Thenews_____hehaspassedtheexammadehisparentsveryhappy.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as答案：A解析：that引导同位语从句，解释说明news的内容。87.Thedoctorsuggestedthathe_____agoodrest.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.having答案：B解析：suggest表示“建议”时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。88.Thebuilding_____inthe1980sisveryold.A.builtB.buildingC.tobebuiltD.beingbuilt答案：A解析：building和build是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用过去分词built作后置定语。89.Thereason_____hewaslateisq