2025版高考英语大一轮复习Unit7TheSea题型组合训练四A北师大版必修3

PAGEPAGE8Unit7TheSea题型组合训练四（A）阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A(2024江西质检)TheUSpresidentDonaldTrumphaspopularizedthephrase“fakenews”.ButnottoolongagothesewordsincombinationwouldhavemeantlittletoeverydayEnglishspeakers.AnatolyLiberman,aGerman,writesabouttheoriginsoftheword“fake”.Theword,itturnsout,hasaverydarkpast.Thebestguessathow“fake”becamethemainstream,arguesLiberman,isthatitwasakindusedbythievesintheLondonunderworld.But“howitgotthere,nobodyintheworldknows,andprobablynobodywilleverknow,”hetellsQuartz.LibermanisaprofessorattheUniversityofTheOEDmentions“fake”asaverbstartingin1819,whichbasicallymeant“todo”injargon,butalso“tokill,wound,orrob”.Anentryfromadictionarythatyearreads:“Tofakeanypersonorplace,torobthem;tofakeapersonmayalsoimplytoshoot,wound,orcut;tofakeamanoutandout,istokillhim.”LibermantracesthewordnexttoCharlesDickens,whoused“cly-faker”,where“cly”meanspocket,inOliverTwist.Thisishowhebelievestheknowledgeof“fake”asawordthatmeanstosteal,spread.EventuallyitbecameacommonplaceEnglishword.1.Theunderlinedword“fake”inParagraph1probablymeans.

A.lying B.true Cmon D.interesting2.WhatcanwelearnaboutAnatolyLiberman?A.Heisskilledinsomeforeignlanguages.B.HeisinterestedinalltheEnglishwords.C.HelivedinEnglandforalongtime.D.HelikeswritingarticlesinEnglishverymuch.3.Whatismainlydiscussedinthispassage?A.ThehistoryofEnglishwords.B.SomestoriesaboutEnglishwords.C.TheimportanceoftheEnglishword“fake”.D.TheoriginsofanEnglishword.4.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.WemustfocusonthewordsofDonaldTrump.B.WeshouldstudyEnglishwordsverycarefully.C.“Fake”likelycomesfromwordsusedbyaclassofpeople.D.AnatolyLibermanlikestotracethecommonplaceEnglishwords.答案[语篇解读]美国总统特朗普使得“假新闻”这个词成为流行词。文章探讨了“fake”这个词的起源。它曾是伦敦底层社会里小偷之间的行话,意为“做”“杀死”“偷”等。1.A词义揣测题。美国总统特朗普使得“假新闻”一词成为流行词。由此可知,fake的意思应为“假的”,故选A项。2.A推理推断题。由第三段中的“LibermanisaprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesotaandtheauthorofWordOriginsandHowWeKnowThem.”可知,Liberman是明尼苏达高校的教授,也是WordOriginsandHowWeKnowThem一书的作者。且在文中他探究了fake一词的起源。由此可以推知,他特别擅长外语。故选A项。3.D主旨大意题。由文章其次段中的“AnatolyLiberman,aGerman,writesabouttheoriginsoftheword‘fake’.”和下文的详细介绍可知,文章探讨了“fake”这个词的起源,也就是探究一个英语单词的起源,故选D项。4.C推理推断题。由其次段中的“Thebestguessathow‘fake’becamethemainstream,arguesLiberman,isthatitwasakindusedbythievesintheLondonunderworld.”可知,Liberman提出,关于“fake”一词如何成为主流词,最牢靠的揣测应当是,它曾是伦敦底层社会里小偷之间的行话,也就是社会某一阶层的人运用的语言,故选C项。B(2024课标全国Ⅰ)GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系列节目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.5.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.6.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.7.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDietC.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLess答案[语篇解读]本文介绍了英国节目主持人SusannaReid创办的一档新节目SaveMoney:GoodFood的相关状况。5.B细微环节理解题。依据第一段的butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole可知,她创办了一档新节目,故选B项。6.C推理推断题。依据其次段第一句话(在节目SaveMoney:GoodFood中,她每周探望一个不同的家庭,并且在厨师MattTebbutt的帮助下在打算每个家庭每天低于5英镑的食谱时供应如何削减食物奢侈的很好的建议)可知,MattTebbutt在做饭方面帮助了Susanna,故选C项。7.C推理推断题。文章前三段主要介绍了新节目SaveMoney:GoodFood的相关状况,而第四段介绍了它和节目SaveMoney:GoodHealth的关系。由此推断本段主要补充这一节目的背景学问,故选C项。8.D主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了英国节目主持人SusannaReid通过创办新节目SaveMoney:GoodFood教给观众如何花更少的钱制作更美味的食物。故选D项。CYou’reouttodinner.Thefoodisdeliciousandtheserviceisfine.Youdecidetoleaveabigfattip.Why?Theanswermaynotbeassimpleasyouthink.Tipping,psychologistshavefound,isnotjustaboutservice.Instead,studieshaveshownthattippingcanbeaffectedbypsychologicalreactionstoaseriesofdifferentfactorsfromthewaiter’schoiceofwords,tohowtheycarrythemselveswhiletakingorders,tothetotalbill.Evenhowmuchwaitersremindcustomersofthemselvescandeterminehowmuchchangetheypocketbytheendofthenight.“Studiesbeforehaveshownthatmimicry(仿照)bringsintopositivefeelingsforthemimicker,”wroteRickvanBaaren,asocialpsychologyprofessor.“Thesestudiesshowthatpeoplewhoarebeingmimickedbecomemoregeneroustowardthepersonwhomimicsthem.”SoRickvanBaarendivided59waitersintotwogroups.Herequestedthathalfservewithaphrasesuchas“Comingup!”Thoseintheotherhallwereinstructedtorepeattheordersandpreferencesbacktothecustomers.RickvanBaarenthencomparedtheirtake-homepay.Theresultswereclear—itpaystomimicyourcustomer.Thecopycat(仿照者)waitersearnedalmostdoubletheamountoftipstotheothergroup.LeonardGreenandJoelMyerson,psychologistsatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis,foundthegenerosityofatippermaybelimitedbyhisbill.Afterresearchonthe1,000tipsleftforwaiters,cab-drivers,andhairstylists,theyfoundtippercentagesinthesethreeareasdroppedascustomers’billswentup.Infact,tippercentagesappeartoaplateau(稳定期)whenbillstopped$100andabillfor$200madetheworkergainnobiggerpercentagetipthanabillfor$100.“That’salsoapointoftipping,”Greensays.“Youhavetogivealittleextratothecab-driverforbeingtheretopickyouupandsomethingtothewaiterforbeingtheretoserveyou.Iftheyweren’tthere,you’dnevergetanyservice.Sopartoftheideaofatipisforjustbeingthere.”9.Howmanyfactorsaffectthecustomers’tipping?A.6. B.5. C.4. D.3.10.Whatdothestudiesshow?A.Mimicrybringsintoverybadfeelingsforthemimicker.B.Thewaiterwhomimicspeopleusuallygetsfewertipsthattheygive.C.Themimicwaiterscangetmoremoneythanthosewhodon’tmimicothers.D.Tippingcanbeaffectedbyphysicalreactionstomanydifferentwaiters.11.Whatistheopinionoftheauthoraccordingtothepassage?A.Hegiveshisgeneroustiptowaitersveryoften.B.HeagreeswithMr.GreenandRickvanBaarenabouttipping.C.HeobjectstoMr.Green’sideaabouttipping.D.HethinkspartofMr.Green’sexplanationisreasonable.12.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.HowMuchtoTipB.WhatAreTipsC.WheretoLeaveaBigFatTipD.TippingIsVeryImportant答案[语篇解读]文章分析了影响服务生所得小费的多少的因素。9.B细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的Tipping,psychologistshavefound,isnotjustaboutservice.Instead,studieshaveshownthat...bytheendofthenight.可知,不仅仅是服务(notjustaboutservice),服务生对用词的选择(thewaiter’schoiceofwords)、服务生在顾客用餐时的举动(howtheycarrythemselveswhiletakingorders)、账单的总额(thetotalbill)以及服务生对顾客的提示(howmuchwaitersremindcustomersofthemselves)这五个方面影响了获得小费的多少,故选B项。10.C细微环节理解题。由第四段中的“Theresultswereclear—itpaystomimicyourcustomer.Thecopycat(仿照者)waitersearnedalmostdoubletheamountoftipstotheothergroup.”可知,探讨结果很明显,仿照顾客的服务生所得小费是其他服务生(即不仿照顾客的服务生)的两倍。故选C项。11.B推理推断题。其次段作者提出,许多因素影响了服务生所得小费的多少。下文作者列举Mr.Green和RickvanBaaren的例子就是为了证明自己的观点。由此可以推知,作者是支持这两个人的观点的。故选B项。12.A主旨大意题。其次段提出:许多因素影响了服务生所得小费的多少。从第三段起先,作者用RickvanBaaren,LeonardGreen和JoelMyerson的探讨证明白其次段提出的观点。由此可知本文的主题是“该给多少小费”,故选A项。DNowpeopleareveryconcernedaboutthefoodproblem.SteveWilsonprefersorganicfruit,deliveredrighttothedoorstep.Heiswillingtopayforit.Ifthisisnotpossible,the30-year-oldcomputertechnicianwillspendtheextramoneyatthesupermarkettobuyorganicfood.“Organicproductisalwaysbetter,”Wilsonsaid.“Thefoodisfreeofpesticides(农药),andyouaregenerallysupportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms.Andmoreoftenthannotitislocallygrownandseasonal,soitismoretasty.”Wilsonisoneofthegrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend,andsupermarketsacrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness.Buthowmanyshoppersreallyknowwhattheyaregetting,andwhyaretheywillingtopayahigherpricefororganicproducts?MarketresearchshowsthatWilsonandotherswhobuyorganicfoodcangenerallygiveclearreasonsfortheirpreferences—buttheirknowledgeoforganicfoodisfarfromcomplete.Forexample,smallamountsofpesticidescanbeusedonorganicproducts.AndaboutthreequartersoforganicfoodinBritainisnotlocalbutimported(进口)tomeetthegrowingdemand.“Thedemandfororganicfoodisincreasingbyaboutonethirdeveryyear,soitisaveryfast-growingmarket,”saidSueFlock,aspecialistinthislineofbusiness.

13.WhydoesSteveWilsonpreferorganicfruit?A.Becausei