阅读理解之科普知识-2025年中考英语一轮复习专练

阅读理解--科普知识专题练

2025年中考英语一轮复习备考

Areadingpassagecanhaveseveralparts.Lookingateverypartisveryusefulforyoutogeta

completeunderstanding.

Thetitleisakindof

heading.It（ellsyouwhat

thewholetextisabout.

THEDOANIMALS

LAUGH?

PageB

1.AccordingtoPageA,whatcanatitledo?

A.Itcanexplainthepictures.B.Itcanexplaindifficultwords.

C.Itcantellyouwhataparagraphisabout.D.Itcantellyouwhatthewholetextisabout.

2.AccordingtoPageA,whatcanshowinformationvisually?

A.Photos.B.Footnotes.C.Passages.D.Headings.

3.WhichpartisthesubheadingonPageB?

A.①B.②c.③D.④

4.HowmanyfootnotesarethereonPageB?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

Writingbyhandcangivethebrainbiggerhelpthantyping（打字）,accordingtoanewstudy.The

researchwasdonebyateamattheNorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology.Peoplewereshowna

wordonacomputerandaskedtoeitherwriteitonatouchscreenortypeitonakeyboard.

Thepeopleworemachinesontheirheadsfittedwith256electrodes（电极）torecordtheirbrains'

electricalactivity.Whentheywerewriting,manyareasoftheirbrainswereactive,includingthepartsthat

helpusvisualizewhatthingslooklike.Thisisbecausewritingawordbyhandrequirespeopletopicture

lettersandusefinesportsskillstoshapeit.Whenpeopleweretyping,however,therewaslittleactivityin

thesamepartsofthebrain.

“Whenyouaretyping,thesimplemovementofyourfingerstoproduceeveryletteristhesame,^^said

thescientistinthestudy."'Whileyou'rewritingbyhand,yourbodilyfeelingofproducingAisdifferentfrom

producingB.”

Theresultssuggestthatwritingcanhelpchildrenlearn,especiallywhenitcomestorecognizing（认

识）letters.Moreresearchisneededtoknowwhetherwritingbyhandhelpskidsrememberthingsmorethan

typingdoes.

5.Howdidthewriterleadintothetopic?

A.Bytellingastory.B.Byshowingastudy.

C.Bygivinganexample.D.Byaskingaquestion.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"visualize^probablymean?

A.Imagine.B.Hear.C.Feel.D.Smell.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?

A.LetterAisalotdifferentfromLetterB.B.Themovementoffingersisallthesame.

C.Thebodilyfeelingofeachletterisdifferent.D.Ifsdifficulttotypealetteronthekeyboard.

8.Whatisthebesttitle（标题）forthetext?

A.AStudyEncouragesUstoTypeMoreOftenB.AStudyShowsHandwritingDoseGoodto

Learning

C.AStudyShowstheImportanceofOurBrainsD.AStudySuggestsHandwritingHelpswith

Remembering

AccordingtoastudypublishedinFebruaryinthemagazineScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,hermit

crabs（寄居蟹）areusingplasticlitterasshells（壳）.

ZuzannaJagielloisthestudy'slead."Ahermitcrabinaplasticshellcouldbeasymbolofourtimes,a

periodinwhichhumanactivitieshavehadamaineffectontheenvironment.JagiellotoldTIMEforKids.

“Theydon'thavehomes,sotheyuserubbish.^^

Hermitcrabsusingplasticwasteasshellsisoneexampleofthateffect.Toprotectthemselvesfrom

hunters,thecrabsusuallywearseashells.ButaccordingtoFebruary'sstudy,atleast386hermitcrabshave

beenseenwearingplastic.Oftheworld's16kindsofhermitcrabsthatliveonland,10havebeenseen

wearinglitter.

Jagiellosaysthatsheandherteamfirstlearnedabouthermitcrabswearinglitterwhentheynoticed

photosofthemonline.Theydecidedtolearnmorebydoingresearch.Theyfoundphotosfromalloverthe

world.Scientistsaresadtofindthatplasticpollutionharmswildlifeandlivingplacesinsuchaterribleway.

Buttheyaren'tsurewhyhermitcrabsarechoosingplasticinsteadofothermaterials,noraretheysurehow

manycrabsareinanydanger.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"They"inParagraph2referto（指的是）？

A.Humanactivities.B.Hermitcrabs.C.Ourtimes.D.Kids9homes.

10.Whatisparagraph3mainlytalkingabout?

A.ThesituationofHermitcrabs.B.Theexampleoflittering.

C.Thereasonfordoingresearch.D.Thekindsofplasticwaste.

11.Howdothescientistsfeelaboutthefindingsoftheresearch?

A.Funny.B.Worried.C.Strange.D.Hopeful.

12.Wecanprobablyputthesentence“Manyphotosweretakenbypeoplewhowerecurious.backtothe

paragraph.

A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth

Wukong,Tiangong,Tianwen...DoyouknowwherethenamesofChinesespaceprogramscome

from?

Wukong,theDarkMatterExplorersatellite（暗物质探测卫星），isnamedaftertheChinesesuperhero,

theMonkeyKingorSunWukong.AccordingtoJourneytotheWest,theMonkeyKinghasapairofsharp

eyes,whichcaneasilytelldifferencesbetweenthegoodandthebad.TheWukongsatelliteisjustas

sharp-eyedastheMonkeyKingtohelpscientistssearchforthedarkmatterinspace.

ThenameofthespacestationTiangongmeans"HeavenPalace^^inChinesemyths（神话），thisisthe

homeofTianDi.NowTiangongSpaceStationishomeforChineseastronautsinspace.AndChina

welcomesforeignastronautstoTiangongsothattheycanworktogether.

Tianwen,ChineseMarsmissions（任务），getsitsnamefromthepoemTianwenbyQuYuan.QuYuan

isawell-knownpoetinancientChina.InTianwen,hehadthequestionsaboutthesky,stars,nature,myths

andtherealworld,showinghishungerforthetruthoftheuniverse（宇宙）.PerhapstheTianwenmissions

willendupansweringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.

IfyoulookintomorenamesofChinesespaceprograms,youwillfindthattheyallhavebeautiful

meanings.We,almostalltheChinesepeople,havegoodhopesandexpectationsforourspacedream.So,the

namingofChinesespaceprogramsistakenveryseriously.

13.HowdoesthewriterbeginthetopicinParagraph1?

A.Bylistinganumber.B.Bygivinganexample.

C.Byaskingaquestion.D.Byansweringaquestion.

14.WhatistheWukongsatelliteusedfor?

A.AnsweringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.

B.Findingthedifferencesbetweenthegoodandthebad.

C.Helpingscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.

D.Welcomingforeignastronautstothespacestation.

15.WhydowetakethenamingofChinesespaceprogramsseriously?

A.BecausewewanttolandonMars.B.Becausewewanttoprotecttheearth.

C.Becausewehavethehungerfortruth.D.Becausewehaveahopefuldreamforspace.

16.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WhatBeautifulNamesB.WhatahopefulStar

C.WhatExcellentPoemsD.WhataLongJourney

Carrotsareveryeasytogrowfromseeds（种子）inyourgarden,aplanterbox,oreveninalargepot.Here

aresometipsforplantingcarrots.Beforeplanting

Step1:Learnsomeknowledgeabouthowtoplantcarrots.

Asageneralrule,carrotsareplantedinearlyspringassoonasthesoilisworkableor3-5weeksbeforethe

lastfrost（霜）date.Carrotswilldowellinaspotthat'ssunnysixtoeighthoursaday.Theaverage（平均的）

daystoharvestareabout50to75daysfromseeds.Duringtheprocessofplantingseeds

Step2:Loosen（松）thesoilatleastonefootdeeptomakesureitislightandlooseandcanmakethe

watergowell.

Step3:Createshallowfurrows（浅沟）inthesoil,1/4inchdeepandonefootapartifyouareplanting

morethanonerowofcarrots.

Step4:Putthetinycarrotseedstwotothreeinchesapart,1/4inchdeep,andcoverlightlywithsoil.

Step5:Pressdownlightlyonthesoiltoensuregoodcontactbetweenseedsandthesoil.Afterplanting

Step6:Givethemoneinchofwaterperweek.

Step7:Thinthecarrots.Whenthetopsofthecarrotsreachtwoincheshigh,thinthecarrotstoone

inchapartbypullingthesmallcarrotplantsoutoftheground.

Step8:Harvestyourcarrots.Thebiggerandlongertheygrow,thesweeterandjuiciertheybecome.

However,youcanharvestthemassoonastheygrowbigenoughtoeat.

17.FromStep1,weknowcarrots.

A.growwellinhotweatherB.canbeharvestedinaroundtwomonths

C.aregrown3-5weeksbeforethespringD.can'tbegrowninadarkplace

18.WhichofthefollowingpicturesismostprobablyapictureforStep7?

19.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thedistancebetweentworowsmustbeovertwofeet.

B.Don'tharvesttoosoonifyouwanttogetsweetercarrots.

C.Carrotswillgrowwellifyouwaterthemtwiceaweek.

D.Thesoilshouldbepressedhardtoprotectcarrotsfromheavyrain.

20.Onwhichofthefollowingwebsitescanwemostprobablyreadthetext?

A.www.fisu.com/sporter/

B.www.cookguide,com/en/catalog/

C.www.chinahighlights,com/greatwall/

D.www.gardeningknowhow,com/vegetables/

WheneverItellpeoplethatIteachEnglishattheBerlin（柏林）Zoo,Ialmostalwaysgetaquestioning

lookbecauseofmyjob.Behindit,thepersonistryingtofindoutwhoexactlyIteach...theanimals?

SinceJune2017,rightbeforethearrivalofthetwonewgiantpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,I

havebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableandconfidentspeakingEnglish.

AndwhydotheyneedEnglish?WhodotheyspeakEnglishwith?

Notthepandas,eventhoughthelanguagethatisusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactually

English.TheytalktothecrowdofinternationalvisitorsandtovisitingChinesezookeeperswhooftencome

tocheckonthepandas,whichareonloan（租借）fromChina.Asyouknow,Englishiswidelyspokeninthe

worldwhileGermanisn't.TheyalsoneedtobereadytogiveinterviewsinEnglishwithinternational

reporters.ThisiswhytheyneedanEnglishtrainer.

Sowhataretheylearning?Basically,howtodescribeapanda'slife.Andhere'swhatFvelearned

fromthemsofar:

Note1:Pandaseatbamboo,lotsofbamboo!Theycaneatupto30kilogramsaday,and

whenthey'renoteating,they'resleeping.

Note2:Thetwoofthemliveinseparateenclosuresatthezoobecausethatishowthey

liveinnature.

Note3:Giantpandascomefromthecool,foggymountainsofsouth-westernChina.

Note4:Theyareendangered,withfewerthan2,000ofthemlivinginthewildtoday.

Ifsbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogramdevelopandtoseethepandasgetusedtotheirnew

home.Asalittlegirl,IwantedtobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I'mlivingoutthatdreamindirectly

byhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.

21.Whatmightpeoplethinkofthewriter'sjob?

A.Meaningless.B.Unusual.C.Common.D.Creative.

22.ThetwounderlinedquestionsinParagraph2are.

A.tointroducethefollowingtextB.toshowthewriter'sdoubts

C.toofferbackgroundinformationD.toattractionreaders5attention

23.“Pandasliveontheirown,notingroups.^^canbeaddedto.

A.Note1B.Note2C.Note3D.Note4

24.Thewriter'smainwritingpurposeisto.

A.showhermeaningfulworkB.realizeherdreamindirectly

C.encouragepeopletolearnEnglishD.expressherloveforpandas

参考答案

1.D2.A3.B4.C

1.细节理解题。根据“Thetitleisakindofheading.Ittellsyouwhatthewholetextisabout”可知，标题

可以告诉你整篇文章是关于什么的。故选D。

2.细节理解题。根据"Photosshowinfbrmationvisually（直观地）“可知，照片直观地显示信息。故选A。

3.细节理解题。根据"Subheadingsaboveparagraphstellyouwhattheyareabout”以及PageB中的文章

结构可知，②是副标题，故选B。

4.细节理解题。根据PageB中最下方三条信息可知，有3个脚注。故选C。

5.B6.A7.C8.B

5.细节理解题。根据"Writingbyhandcangivethebrainbiggerhelpthantyping（打字）,accordingtoa

newstudy.”可知，作者是通过展示一项研究引出这个话题的。故选B。

6.词句猜测题。根据“Whentheywerewriting,manyareasoftheirbrainswereactive,includingtheparts

thathelpusvisualizewhatthingslooklike.”可知,当他们写作时，他们大脑的许多区域都是活跃的，包

括帮助我们想象事物外观的部分。因此推知划线单词为“想象”之意，与imagine同义。故选A。

7.细节理解题。根据"Whileyou'rewritingbyhand,yourbodilyfeelingofproducingAisdifferentfrom

producingB.”可知，每个字母的体感都是不同的。故选C。

8.最佳标题题。根据"Writingbyhandcangivethebrainbiggerhelpthantyping（打字）,accordingtoanew

study."和"Moreresearchisneededtoknowwhetherwritingbyhandhelpskidsrememberthingsmorethan

typingdoes.”并通读全文可知，本文主要介绍一项关于手写与打字的研究，结果表明手写有助于学习。

因此本文的标题可以为B选项。故选B。

9.B10.A11.B12.D

9.词义猜测题。根据“Ahermitcrabinaplasticshellcouldbeasymbolofourtimes,aperiodinwhich

humanactivitieshavehadamaineffectontheenvironment.^^以及“Theydon'thavehomes,sotheyuse

rubbish.”可知，由于环境污染的原因，寄居蟹没有家，所以它们使用垃圾，所以“They”指代的是“寄居

蟹”,故选B。

10.段落大意题。根据"Hermitcrabsusingplasticwasteasshellsisoneexampleofthateffect...Ofthe

world's16kindsofhermitcrabsthatliveonland,10havebeenseenwearinglitter.”可知,本段主要是介绍

寄居蟹的现状，故选A。

11.细节理解题。根据"Scientistsaresadtofindthatplasticpollutionharmswildlifeandlivingplacesin

suchaterribleway.”可知，科学家们悲哀地发现塑料污染以如此可怕的方式危害野生动物和生活场所,

所以他们是对此现状感到担忧的，故选B。

12.推理判断题。根据“Theydecidedtolearnmorebydoingresearch.Theyfoundphotosfromalloverthe

world.”可知，此处是说与照片有关的情况，所以句子“Manyphotosweretakenbypeoplewhowere

curious.”应该放在第四段，故选Do

13.C14.C15.D16.A

13.推理判断题。根据第——段“Wukong,Tiangong,Tianwen…DoyouknowwherethenamesofChinese

spaceprogramscomefrom?”可推知，作者是通过提问题来开始话题的。故选C。

14.细节理解题。根据"TheWukongsatelliteisjustassharp-eyedastheMonkeyKingtohelpscientists

searchforthedarkmatterinspace.”可知，“悟空”卫星是用来帮助科学家在太空中搜索暗物质。故选C。

15.细节理解题。根据“We,almostalltheChinesepeople,havegoodhopes