云南省昆明市2023-2024学年高三英语下学期第八次考前适应性训练试题含解析

昆明市2024届高三第八次考前适应性训练英语试卷本试卷共三个部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分120分，考试用时100分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚，并认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号及科目，在规定的位置上贴好条形码。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答在试卷上的答案无效。第一部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIftheremaybeanyerrorswhenusingthejuicer,pleaseconfirmthefollowingpointsbeforecontactingthecustomerserviceforsupport.1.Error:Can’tworkReason:DeadbatterySolution:Chargeintime2.Error:StopsuddenlyduringworkingReason:(1)Thefruitistoobig(2)ThebatteryisdownSolution:(1)Cutsmallpiecesoffruit(2)Chargeintime3.Error:AbnormalnoiseReason:(1)Partsofthemachinearenotinstalledinplace(2)Themachineisplacedinaninclined(倾斜的)positionwhenworkingSolution:(1)Confirmwhetherpartsofthemachinearewellassembled(2)Putthemachineonalevelsurfaceforuse4.Error:ThereisfoodoverflowwhenworkingReason:(1)Thefruitistoobig(2)TheuppercoverisnotinstalledcorrectlySolution:(1)Cutsmallpiecesoffruit(2)Installtheuppercovercorrectly5.Error:(1)Theredalarmlightflashesforabout10seconds(2)ThechargingindicatorlightisnotbrightReason:(1)Thebatteryisdeadortheautomaticprotectionison(2)ThechargingcableisnotconnectedSolution:(1)Chargeintime(2)ConnectthechargingcableWarranty(保修)exceptionTheproductisnotcoveredbythewarrantyifitbreaksdownorisdamagedunderanyofthefollowingcircumstances.1.Theproductsusedareobtainedthroughotherchannelsthanthecompany’ssaleschannels.2.Productswhosewarrantycardislostandcannotproviderelevantsupportingmaterials.3.Damagecausedbydisassemblyorrepairoftheproductbyanyindividualotherthanthespecialrepairdesignated(指定)bythecompany.4.Productdamagejudgedtobeman-made.Ifanyrepairsoccur,therelevantfeeswillbecharged.1.Whatcanusersdowhenhearingabnormalnoise?A.Chargeintime. B.Replacecertainparts.C.Cutsmallpiecesoffruit. D.Putthemachineonalevelsurface.2.Whatwillhappeniftheuppercoverisn’tputinplace?A.Thefoodwillspill. B.Themachinewillstop.C.Theredalarmlightwillflash. D.Theautomaticprotectionwillbeon.3.Inwhichconditiondocustomerslosetherighttowarranty?A.Theusersrefusetopayrelevantfees.B.Theproductispurchasedatadiscount.C.Theusershaveresetthemachineformanytimes.D.Theproductisdamagedduetousers’carelessness.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了如果在使用榨汁机时可能存在任何错误，请在联系客服寻求支持之前确认以下几点注意事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据3.Error:Abnormalnoise中的“Themachineisplacedinaninclined(倾斜的)positionwhenworking(机器工作时处于倾斜位置)”以及“Putthemachineonalevelsurfaceforuse(把机器放在水平面上使用)”可知，当用户听到异常噪音时，要将机器放在水平面上。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据4.Error:Thereisfoodoverflowwhenworking(工作时食物溢出)中的“Theuppercoverisnotinstalledcorrectly(上盖没有正确安装)”可知，如果上盖不到位，食物会溢出。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Warranty(保修)exception中的“Theproductisnotcoveredbythewarrantyifitbreaksdownorisdamagedunderanyofthefollowingcircumstances.(如果产品在下列情况下发生故障或损坏，则不包括在保修范围内)”及“Productdamagejudgedtobeman-made.(判定为人为造成的产品损坏)”可知，因用户不小心导致产品损坏情况下，客户失去保修权利。故选D项。BItallbeganinEverett,Washington,wheremyprojectteamwasintheprocessofconductingoneofourbusinesssystems.Sotoughwastheprojectthatweoftenstayedupcompletingthetasksassigned.Allofuswerewornout.Onenight,asIwalkedthroughtheparkinglotwithoneofmyemployees.Ifoundacentandpickeditup.Glancingatmyexhaustedemployee.Isuddenlyhadanideatodelighthim.Playfully,Ipresentedthecenttotheemployeeandsaid,“Thisisaninformalawardforyourefforts.”Heputthecentinhispocket.“Thankyou,”hesaid,awaveofjoysweepingacrosshisface.Aboutsixmonthslater,Iwaswalkingwiththesameemployee、thistimeinLosAlamitos,California,whenIagainfoundacentandgaveittohimwiththesamewords.Later,Igotintohisofficeandthere,tapedonapieceofpaperwerethetwocents,whichmademesurprised.Hesaidhewasdisplayingthemashisrecognitionforajobwelldone.Otheremployeesnoticedthecentsproudlydisplayedandbeganaskingwhytheyhadn’treceivedany.Theywerealsolongingforthe“reward”.ItwasthenthatIstartedhandingoutcents,explainingthattheywereforrecognition,notforreward.Soon,somanypeoplewantedthemthatIdesignedacentholder.Thefrontfeaturesaplaceforacentandbesideitthephrase,“Yourworkisrecognized!”Thebackhasroomfor30morecentsandthephrase,“Yourachievementscount!”Onetime,Ispottedanemployee,Mia,doingsomethingrightandwantedtorecognizeher,butIdidn’thaveacent,soIgaveheraquarter.Laterthesamedayshestoppedbyandreturned24cents.That’showthe“OneCentAward”wasborn.It’sbecomeasignificantsourceofrecognitioninourorganization.4.Whydidtheauthorgiveacenttotheemployeeinitially?A.Topraisehim. B.Toamusehim.C.Torewardhim. D.Tosurprisehim.5.Whatinspiredtheauthortohandoutcents?A.Thedesignofacentholder. B.Thesharedbeliefsinhisteam.C.Theeagernessoffellowemployees. D.Theexpectationforbetterachievements.6WhydidMiareturntheauthor24cents?A.Onecentstoodforrecognition. B.Shewasadvisedtodoso.C.Theauthorwasmeanwithmoney. D.Itisthecompany’sstrictregulation.7.Whichcanbestdescribetheemployees?A.Greedy. B.Motivated. C.Aggressive. D.Talented.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者一次不经意给员工发了一枚硬币，以表示对其工作的认可，之后员工们努力进取并形成企业文化的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Glancingatmyexhaustedemployee.Isuddenlyhadanideatodelighthim.Playfully,Ipresentedthecenttotheemployeeandsaid,“Thisisaninformalawardforyourefforts.””（瞥了一眼我疲惫的员工。我突然想到一个使他高兴的主意。我开玩笑地把那枚硬币递给那位员工，说：“这是对你努力的非正式奖励。）可知，作者起初只是让员工开心，与他开了个玩笑。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Otheremployeesnoticedthecentsproudlydisplayedandbeganaskingwhytheyhadn’treceivedany.Theywerealsolongingforthe“reward”.”（其他员工注意到这些骄傲地展示出来的美分，开始问为什么他们没有收到一美分。他们也渴望得到“奖赏”）可知，同事们的急切心情启发了作者分发硬币。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Onetime,Ispottedanemployee,Mia,doingsomethingrightandwantedtorecognizeher,butIdidn’thaveacent,soIgaveheraquarter.Laterthesamedayshestoppedbyandreturned24cents.”（有一次，我看到一位名叫米娅的员工做对了一件事，我想认可她，但我没有一分硬币，所以我给了她一个25美分的硬币。当天晚些时候，她来找我，还给了我24美分。）可知，为什么米娅还给了作者24美分是因为一分银币代表认可。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Otheremployeesnoticedthecentsproudlydisplayedandbeganaskingwhytheyhadn’treceivedany.Theywerealsolongingforthe“reward”.ItwasthenthatIstartedhandingoutcents,explainingthattheywereforrecognition,notforreward.Soon,somanypeoplewantedthemthatIdesignedacentholder.”（其他员工注意到这些骄傲地展示出来的美分，开始问为什么他们没有收到一美分。他们也渴望得到“奖赏”。就在那时，我开始分发硬币，解释说它们是为了表彰，而不是奖励。很快，很多人都想要这种硬币，于是我设计了一个硬币夹。）可知，员工们都积极向上。故选B项。CDogsareman’sbestfriends,andtheymaybetheheart’sbestfriendsaswell.AgroupofheartdiseaseexpertsfromtheAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA)reviewedresearchconnectinghearthealthwithowningadogandfoundthatowningadoghasalikelynexuswithalowerriskofheartdiseaseforthosewithoutahistoryofheartproblems,andwithgreatersurvivalratesamongheartdiseasepatients.Thegroup,chairedbyDr.GlennLevine,aprofessorofmedicineatBaylorCollegeofMedicine,releasedascientificstatementinfavorofhavingadogtolowertheriskofheartdiseasebyhelpingpeopletobemorephysicallyactiveaswellasreducebloodpressureandminimizetheeffectsofstress.Previousstudiesshowedthatthecompanionshipandcloserelationshipthatownersbuildwiththeirdogscanboostlevelsofanti-stresshormones(抗应激激素)thatcanincreaseresilience(适应力)andhelppeopletocopewithstressfulsituations.Oneofthestudiesfound,forexample,thatthosewhoadopteddogsenjoyedadropinbloodpressure,whileanotherrevealedthatamong5,200adults,thosewhoowneddogswere54%morelikelytogetrecommendedlevelsofexerciseandbeactivethannon-dogowners.Thattrendissupportedbyotherstudiesthatfoundpeoplewhoowneddogswerelesslikelytobeoverweight.AccordingtoareportoftheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC),dogsaren’tapanacea(灵丹妙药)againstheartdisease,andit’slikelythattakingcareofthemrequirestheirownerstogetmoreexercise,whichcanreducestress,weightandbloodpressureandthusbenefittheheart.“Ifsomeoneadoptsapet,butstillsitsonthecouchandsmokesandeatswhateverhewantsanddoesn’tcontrolhisbloodpressure,”LevinetoldtheNeroYorkTimes,“that’snotawisestrategytodecreasetherisk”.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nexus”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Comparison. B.Similarity. C.Combination. D.Link.9.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Stressisthecauseofheartattack.B.Peopleraisingpetscanbeslimmer.C.Dogs’companionholdsbackhormonefunctions.D.Anti-stresshormonelevelsarelowindogowners.10.WhichstatementmightCDCsupport?A.Dogownersworkoutmorebywalkingthedog.B.Dogscanbetrainedtodetecthighbloodpressure.C.Dogscanpreventownersfromsmokingonthecouch.D.Dogownersattachimportancetomonitoringhearthealth.11.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Howdogspromoteowners’mentalhealth.B.Raisingdogscanhelpreduceheartattack.C.Whataretheadvantagesofraisingdogs.D.Havingadogmaylowerheartdiseaserisk.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了狗可以帮助主人降低心脏病的风险。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“AgroupofheartdiseaseexpertsfromtheAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA)reviewedresearchconnectinghearthealthwithowningadogandfoundthatowningadoghasalikelynexuswithalowerriskofheartdiseaseforthosewithoutahistoryofheartproblems,andwithgreatersurvivalratesamongheartdiseasepatients.(美国心脏病协会召集的一个心脏病专家小组，对一项将心脏健康与养宠物联系起来的研究进行了审核，发现养宠物狗对那些没有心脏病史的人来说很有可能与他们患心脏病的风险降低nexus，同时也与患心脏病的人的高存活率相关)”可知，研究说明了宠物狗与没有心脏病史的人和患心脏病的人之间的关系。由此可知，划线词的意思是“联系，关系”。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thattrendissupportedbyotherstudiesthatfoundpeoplewhoowneddogswerelesslikelytobeoverweight.(这一趋势得到了其他研究的支持，这些研究发现，养狗的人不太可能超重)”可推知，养宠物的人可能更苗条。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“AccordingtoareportoftheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC),dogsaren’tapanacea(灵丹妙药)againstheartdisease,andit’slikelythattakingcareofthemrequirestheirownerstogetmoreexercise,whichcanreducestress,weightandbloodpressureandthusbenefittheheart.(根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)的一份报告，狗不是对抗心脏病的灵丹妙药，照顾它们可能需要它们的主人多做运动，这样可以减轻压力、减轻体重和血压，从而有益于心脏)”可推知，CDC可能支持养狗的人通过遛狗来锻炼身体。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文以及第三段“releasedascientificstatementinfavorofhavingadogtolowertheriskofheartdiseasebyhelpingpeopletobemorephysicallyactiveaswellasreducebloodpressureandminimizetheeffectsofstress.(发布了一份支持养狗的科学声明，通过帮助人们更多地锻炼身体，降低血压，最大限度地减少压力的影响，从而降低患心脏病的风险)”可知，短文主要讲养狗可以降低患心脏病的风险。故选D项。DManyprimitivepeoplebelievedthatbyeatingananimaltheycouldgetsomeofthegoodqualitiesofthatanimalforthemselves.Theythought,forexample,thateatingdeerwouldmakethemrunasfastasthedeer.Sometribes(部落)evenateenemiesthathadshownbraveryinbattles.Amongcivilizedpeopleitwasoncethoughtthatgingerrootscouldimprovethememory.Eggswerethoughttomakethevoicepretty.Tomatoesalsowerebelievedtohavemagicalpowers.Theywerecalledloveapplesandweresupposedtomakepeoplewhoatethemfallinlove.Eventodaythereareagreatmanywrongideasaboutfood,someofwhichareverywidespread.Onesuchideaisthatfishisthebestbrainfood.Fishisgoodbrainfoodjustasitisgoodmusclefoodandskinfoodandbonefood.Butnoscientisthasbeenabletoprovethatfishisanybetterforthebrainthanmanyotherkindsoffood.Anothersuchideaisthatyoushouldnotdrinkwaterwithmeals.Scientiststellusthatwashingfooddownwithwaterasasubstituteforchewingisnotagoodidea,butsomewaterwithmealshasbeenfoundtobehelpful.Itmakesthedigestivejuicesflowmorefreelyandhelpstodigestthefood.Manyoftheideasthathavetodowithmixturesoffoodshavenoscientificfoundation.Afewyearsago,thebeliefbecamegeneralthatorangejuiceandmilkshouldneverbedrunkatthesamemeal.Thereasongivenwasthattheacidintheorangejuicewouldmakethemilkcurdle(结团)andbecomeindigestible.Asamatteroffact,expertsconfirmmilkalwaysmeetsinthestomachadigestivejuicewhichcurdleit;infact,thecurdlingofthemilkisthefirststepinitsdigestion.Asimilarwrongideaisthatfishandicecreamwheneatenatthesamemealformapoisonouscombination.12.Whydidsometribeseatbraveenemies?A.Theywereeagertobecourageous. B.Theyhatedbraveenemiesbitterly.C.Theyhadtofollowthelocalcustom. D.Theywereextremelylackinginfood.13.Whatmightcivilizedpeopleapproveof?A.Consumingeggscouldstrengthenthebones.B.Singersweresupposedtoconsumefishfrequently.C.Applescouldmakepeoplelosetheirhearttoothers.D.Thosesufferingmemorylossshouldeatgingerroots.14.Whichstatementisbasedonscientificbasis?A.Thecurdlingofmilkcanharmpeople’sstomach.B.Milkwillbepoisonousbyaddingorangejuicein.C.Drinkingwaterwithmealsisbeneficialtodigesting.D.Eatingfishandicecreamtogetherwillsickenpeople.15.Whatmightbeasuitabletitleofthetext?A.CivilizedPeople’sTableManners B.GoodRecipesPopularwithPeopleC.WrongWidespreadIdeasaboutFood D.PracticalThoughtsinFavorofHealth【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于食物的一些错误观点。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Manyprimitivepeoplebelievedthatbyeatingananimaltheycouldgetsomeofthegoodqualitiesofthatanimalforthemselves.Theythought,forexample,thateatingdeerwouldmakethemrunasfastasthedeer.Sometribes(部落)evenateenemiesthathadshownbraveryinbattles.(许多原始人相信，通过食用某种动物，他们可以获得这种动物一些优良品质。例如，他们认为吃鹿肉会让他们跑得和鹿一样快。有些部落甚至吃掉在战斗中表现勇敢的敌人)”可知，有些部落吃勇敢的敌人是因为他们渴望勇敢。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Amongcivilizedpeopleitwasoncethoughtthatgingerrootscouldimprovethememory.(在文明人中，人们曾经认为姜根可以提高记忆力)”可知，文明人也许会赞成记忆力减退的人应该吃姜根。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Scientiststellusthatwashingfooddownwithwaterasasubstituteforchewingisnotagoodidea,butsomewaterwithmealshasbeenfoundtobehelpful.Itmakesthedigestivejuicesflowmorefreelyandhelpstodigestthefood.(科学家告诉我们，用水把食物冲下去代替咀嚼并不是一个好主意，但用餐时喝水被发现是有帮助的。它使消化液更自由地流动，有助于消化食物)”可知，吃饭时喝水有利于消化是有科学依据的。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是根据第三段“Eventodaythereareagreatmanywrongideasaboutfood,someofwhichareverywidespread.(即使在今天，关于食物也有很多错误的观念，其中一些非常普遍)”可知，文章介绍了关于食物的一些错误观点。由此可知，短文的最佳标题为“关于食物的错误普遍观念”。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Moneyissomethingyou’vebeenfamiliarwiththroughoutyourlife.Infact,youmayalreadyconsideryourselfanexpertonthesubject.Youregularlyusemoneytomeasurethevalueofthingsyouown.____16____.Itmightsurpriseyoutolearnthatthere’sagreatdealofdisagreementamongeconomistsaboutwhatmoneyisandhowtomeasureit.Moneyservesanumberoffunctions,andanydefinitionofmoneymustconsiderallofitsfunctions.AMediumofExchangeMoneyrulesouttheneedforbarter(等价交换),thedirectexchangeofoneitemforanother.Barterisaveryinconvenientmeansoftrading.____17____.Asellerwithagoodsorservicetooffermustsearchforabuyerwhohasexactlywhatthesellerdesires.____18____Moneyprovidesaunitofaccount.Thevalueofanitemisameasureofwhatapersonwillsacrificetoobtainit.Howmuchisatwo-weekvacationinHawaiiworthtoyou?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,you’llprobablyrespondtosuchaquestionbyvaluingthevacationindollars—approximately$2,000—ratherthanintermsofotherthings(likeyourcar).____19____.AStandardofDeferredPayment(赊账)____20____.Theunitofaccountfordeferredpaymentofdebtsisalsomoney.Ifyouborrowmoneytobuyacar,theloancontractspecifieshowmuchyoumustpaybackeverymonthandthenumberofmonthsrequiredtofulfillyourduty.A.AStandardofValueB.AnAccountofWealthC.You’reconstantlyvaluingitemsindollarsD.ItrequiresthedoublecoincidenceofwantsE.MoneycanbequicklytransformedintogoodsandservicesF.YoualsohavesomeofitinyourpocketandinbankaccountsG.Manycontractsinvolvepromisestopaysumsofmoneyinthefuture【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.C20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了货币的诸多功能。【16题详解】根据上文“Youregularlyusemoneytomeasurethevalueofthingsyouown.”（你经常用金钱来衡量你所拥有的东西的价值。）可知，钱在我们生活中很重要，所有应该有些钱或者存款。故F选项“你的口袋里和银行账户里也有一些钱”切题。故选F项。【17题详解】根据上文“Barterisaveryinconvenientmeansoftrading.”（物物交换是一种非常不方便的贸易方式）可知，选项承接上文说明物物交换要满足的条件。故D选项“它需要需求的双重巧合”，符合题意。故选D项。【18题详解】根据下文“Moneyprovidesaunitofaccount.Thevalueofanitemisameasureofwhatapersonwillsacrificetoobtainit.”（货币是一种记账单位。一件物品的价值是衡量一个人为了得到它付出了什么）可知，本段主要讲货币是一种价值标准。故A选项“一种价值标准”切题。故选A项。【19题详解】根据上文“Ifyou’relikemostpeople,you’llprobablyrespondtosuchaquestionbyvaluingthevacationindollars—approximately$2,000—ratherthanintermsofotherthings

(likeyourcar).”（如果你和大多数人一样，你可能会用美元来衡量这个假期的价值——大约2000美元——而不是用其他东西(比如你的车)来衡量。）可知，我们常用钱来衡量物品的价值，而不是其他物品来衡量。故C选项“你总是用美元来衡量物品的价值”切题。故选C项。【20题详解】根据标题“AStandardofDeferredPayment(赊账)”（赊账标准）可知，选项要说明延期付款标准的法律依据是什么。故G选项“许多合同都包括在未来支付一定数额的款项的承诺”切题。故选G项。第二部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Hewas11yearsoldandoftenwentfishingwithhisfatherintheirboat.Onthedaybeforethebass(鲈鱼)season____21____,heandhisfatherwerefishingearlyintheevening,catchingsunfishandperchwithworms.Whenhis____22____doubledover,heknewsomethinghugewasontheotherend.Heverycarefully____23____theexhaustedfishfromthewater.Itwasthelargestonehehad____24____seen,butitwasabass.Thefatherlitamatchandlookedathis____25____.Itwouldbetwohoursbeforethebassseasonopened.Helookedatthefishandthenattheboy.“You’llhaveto____26____it,son,”hesaid.“Dad!”criedtheboy.“Therewillbeotherfish,”saidhisfather.“Notasbigasthisone,”criedtheboy.He____27____thelake.Nootherfishermenorboatswereanywherearoundinthemoonlight.Helookedagainathisfather.Eventhoughnoonehadseenthem,norcouldanyoneeverknowwhattimehecaughtthefish,theboycouldtellbyhisfather’sfirmvoicethatthedecisionwasnot____28____.Heslowlyworkedthehook(钩子)outofthelipofthehugebassandlowereditintotheblackwater,andit____29____soon.Thatwas34yearsago.Today,theboyisasuccessfularchitectinNewYorkCity.Hehadneveragaincaughtsucha_____30_____fishastheonehelandedthatnightlongago.Buthedoesseethatsamefish—againandagain—everytimehecomesupagainstaquestionof_____31_____.Ashisfathertaughthim,moralsaresimple_____32_____ofrightandwrong.Itisthepracticeofmoralsthatisdifficult.Dowedorightwhennooneis_____33_____?Weshouldlearntofollowthe_____34_____asthefathertaughttheson.Itisastorywewillproudlytellourchildrenandgrandchildren.Itisnotabouthowwehadachancetobeatthesystemandtookadvantageofit,butabouthowwedecideandhowwedotherightthing.The_____35_____todorightwilllivefreshinourmemory.21.A.closed B.opened C.canceled D.banned22.A.pole B.boat C.bucket D.line23.A.scratched B.squeezed C.lifted D.stamped24.A.rarely B.never C.merely D.ever25.A.watch B.son C.bass D.match26.A.hide B.release C.keep D.feed27.A.soughtfor B.divedinto C.lookedaround D.wanderedabout28.A.unacceptable B.available C.unavoidable D.negotiable29.A.arose B.approached C.disappeared D.bled30.A.huge B.tasty C.fresh D.valuable31.A.justice B.moral C.confidence D.insistence32.A.remarks B.assumptions C.behaviors D.matters33.A.checking B.inquiring C.caring D.looking34.A.regulation B.view C.motto D.trick35.A.challenge B.decision C.proposal D.honor【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.D34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文为记叙文。本文通过记述一个男孩与父亲的一次钓鱼经历，揭示了深刻的人生哲理：无论什么时候都要坚持规定。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在钓鲈鱼季节开始的前一天，他和他的父亲在傍晚早早地开始了钓鱼，用蠕虫做诱饵钓太阳鱼和鲈鱼。A.closed关闭；B.opened打开，开始；C.canceled取消；D.banned禁止。根据下文“beforethebassseasonopened”可知，在钓鲈鱼季节开始的前一天。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他的杆子弯下来时，他知道有个庞然大物在另一头。A.pole极，杆子；B.boat船；C.bucket水桶；D.line线。根据上文“fishing”以及常识可知，钓鱼用鱼竿。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他小心翼翼地把筋疲力尽的鱼从水里钓了出来。A.scratched挠(痒处)；B.squeezed压榨；C.lifted抬起，抬高；D.stamped跺(脚)。根据下文“theexhaustedfishfromthewater”可知，鱼上钩时，要抬起起鱼杆，将鱼钓出水面。故选C项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是他所见过的最大的一条，但是这是一条鲈鱼。A.rarely稀少地；B.never决不；C.merely仅仅；D.ever曾经。根据上文“Itwasthelargestone”可知，这是男孩曾经见过的最大的鱼。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲点燃了一根火柴，看了看手表。A.watch手表；B.son儿子；C.bass鲈鱼；D.match比赛。根据下文“Itwouldbetwohours”可知，作者的父亲看了看手表。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，“你得把它放了，孩子。”A.hide躲藏；B.release发布，释放；C.keep保持；D.feed喂养。根据下文“Heslowlyworkedthehook(钩子)outofthelipofthehugebassandlowereditintotheblackwater”可知，父亲要求儿子放了鲈鱼。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他环湖看了看。A.soughtfor搜寻；B.divedinto分成；C.lookedaround环顾着四周；D.wanderedabout徘徊。根据下文“Nootherfishermenorboatswereanywherearoundinthemoonlight.Helookedagainathisfather.”可知，他环湖看了看。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管没有人见过他们，也没有人知道他是什么时候钓到鱼的，但男孩可以从他父亲坚定的声音中看出，这个决定是不容商量的。A.unacceptable不可接受的；B.available可利用的；C.unavoidable不可避免的；D.negotiable可商议的。根据上文“hisfather’sfirmvoice”可知，男孩知道这个决定是不容商量的。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他慢慢地把鱼钩从大鲈鱼的嘴唇上取下来，把它放进黑水里，很快它就消失了。A.arose发生、出现；B.approached接近；C.disappeared消失；D.bled流血。鱼被放了，所以很快就消失了。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他再也没有钓到过像很久以前那个晚上钓到的那样巨大的鱼。A.huge巨大的；B.tasty美味的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.valuable有价值的。根据上文“Itwasthelargestone”可知，他再也没有钓到过像很久以前那个晚上钓到的那样巨大的鱼。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但每次他遇到道德问题时，他确实会一次又一次地看到同样的鱼。A.justice公正；B.moral道德；C.confidence自信；D.insistence坚持。根据下文“morals”可知，指道德问题。故选B项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如他父亲教导他的那样，道德是简单的对与错问题。A.remarks评论；B.assumptions假设；C.behaviors行为；D.matters问题。根据下文“rightandwrong”可知，道德是简单的对与错问题。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在没人注意的时候做对了吗?。A.checking核对；B.inquiring询问；C.caring关心；D.looking看，注意。根据上文“looked”和男孩觉得没人看见不想放鱼可知，作者在问人们在没人注意的时候做对了吗。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该像父亲教儿子那样学会遵守规定。A.regulation法规，规定；B.view观点；C.motto座右铭；D.trick诡计。根据上文可知，儿子在鲈鱼季开钓之前，却钓到了鲈鱼，而父亲坚持让儿子放掉鲈鱼，可见这是父亲教儿子要学会遵守规定。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：做正确的决定将使我们记忆犹新。A.challenge挑战；B.decision决定；C.proposal提议；D.honor荣耀。根据上文“Heslowlyworkedthehook(钩子)outofthelipofthehugebassandlowereditintotheblackwater,andit____9____soon.”可知，儿子做出了正确的决定，使他34年后每遇到道德问题时，就会想起那条大鱼，记起父亲的教诲。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Atage25,LanceArmstrongwasoneoftheworld’sbestcyclists.Heproveditby____36____(win)theWorldChampionshipsandmultipleTourdeFrancestages.LanceArmstrongseemedever-victoriousandhisfuturewasbright.Thentheytoldhimhehadcancer.Nexttothechallengehethenfaced,bikeracingseemedinsignificant.Thediagnosiswastesticularcancer,the____37____(common)cancerinmenaged15-35.If____38____(detect)early,ithadapromising90percentcurerate.Likemostyoung,healthymen,Lanceignoredthewarningsigns,andheneverimaginedthe____39____(serious)ofhiscondition.Goinguntreated,thecancer____40____(spread)toLance’sabdomen,lungsandbrain.Hischancesdimmed.Thenacombinationofphysicalconditioning,astrongsupportsystemandhis____41____(compete)spirittookover.Hedeclaredhimselfnotacancervictim____42____acancersurvivor.Hetookanactiveroleineducatinghimselfabouthisdiseaseandthetreatment.Armed____43____knowledgeandconfidenceinmedicine,heunderwentaggressivetreatmentandbeatthedisease.Duringhistreatment,beforehisrecovery,andbeforeheevenknewhisownfate,hecreatedtheLanceArmstrongFoundation,____44____markedthebeginningofLance’slifeas_____45_____advocateforpeoplelivingwithcancerandaworldrepresentativeforthecancercommunity.【答案】36.winning37.mostcommon38.detected39.seriousness40.hadspread41.competitive42but43.with44.which45.an【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了LanceArmstrong曾经是一名世界骑行冠军，但是不幸得了癌症，他并没有被病魔打倒，而是积极配合治疗，最终克服了病魔，并且还成立了基金会来帮助其他不幸的人。【36题详解】考查介词和动词搭配。句意：他通过赢得世锦赛和多个环法自行车赛赛段的冠军证明了这一点。win是动词，意思是“赢得”，横线前有介词by，后面需要接doing的形式，故答案是winning。【37题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：他被诊断为睾丸癌，在15—35岁的男性中最常见的癌症。common是形容词，意思是“常见的”，横线前有the，说明这里需要填最高级形式，common的最高级是themostcommon，故答案是mostcommon。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果早期发现，治愈率有望达到90%。分析句子可知，本句已经存在谓语had，所以detect（检测）只能充当非谓语，它的逻辑主语是it，二者呈被动关系，需要使用过去分词形式，故答案是detected。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：像大多数健康的年轻人一样，兰斯忽视了这些警告信号，他从来没有想过自己病情的严重性。serious是个形容词，意思是“严肃的”，横线前有the，说明横线处需要填名词，serious的名词是seriousness，故答案是seriousness。【40题详解】考查过去完成时。句意：由于得不到治疗，癌细胞已经扩散到兰斯的腹部、肺部和脑部。分析句子可知，spread在句子里充当谓语，所以要考虑其时态变形。根据句意可知，由于他长时间未接受治疗，癌症已经开始蔓延，再因为全文都是过去时，所以应该使用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。spread的过去分词仍然是spread，故答案是hadspread。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：然后，身体调理，强大的支持系统和他的竞技精神的结合接管了一切。compete是个动词，意思是“竞争”，横线后有名词spirit，所以需要填入形容词来充当定语修饰spirit，compete的形容词是competitive（竞争的；竞技的），故答案是competitive。【42题详解】考查短语。句意：他宣称自己不是癌症患者，而是癌症幸存者。本句考查固定句型“not…but…”，意思是“不是……而是……”，横线前有“notacancervictim”，根据句意，这里填but符合题意，故答案是but。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：用知识和对医学的信心武装起来，他接受了积极的治疗，战胜了疾病。横线前有armed，意思是“被装备”，它的固定用法是“bearmedwithsth.”，意思是“装备有某事”，故答案是with。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他创建了兰斯阿姆斯特朗基金会，这标志着兰斯作为癌症患者的倡导者和癌症社区的世界代表的生活的开始。横线后是完整句子，横线前有名词foundation，说明这个句子是定语从句。先行词是foundation，在从句中充当主语，而且本句是带逗号的非限定性定语从句，故答案是which。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：他创建了兰斯阿姆斯特朗基金会，这标志着兰斯作为癌症患者的倡导者和癌症社区的世界代表的生活的开始。advocate是个可数名词，意思是“拥护者”，可数名词单数前需要添加冠词，根据句意，这里并不是特指，advocate首字母的发音为元音音素。故答案是an。第三部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）46.假如你是国际学校学生李华，随着世界野生动物日（5月22日）的到来，爱护动物已成为世界十大环保工作之一。请你在学校贴吧上发布一份倡议。要点如下：1.当前现状；2.提出倡议；3.其他。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Currently,thewildlifeisfacingseverechallenges.Theirhabitatsarebeingdestroyed.Worsestill,theirpopulationsaredecliningrapidly.Itisourcollectiveresponsibilitytoprotectthesepreciousspecies.First,itisproposedthatwepromotegreenlifestylesandreduc