云南省2023-2024学年高一英语下学期4月联考试题含解析

（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在答题卡的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．WhendidthewomanmeetAnna?A．At7:55.B．At7:58.C．At8:02.2．Whichplaceisthewomanlookingfor?A．Thestore.B．Themovietheater.C．Therailwaystation.3．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Adress.B．Apresent.C．Theirfavoritecolors.4．Whyisthespeakers’motherunhappy?A．Shewasaskedtoputoffhervacation.B．Shecan’tgoabroadasplanned.C．Shedoesn’thaveavacation.5．Howfaristhenearestsupermarket?A．Fivekilometers.B．Threekilometers.C．Onekilometer.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Whatwastheman’smotherangryabout?A．Thee-mailinvitations.B．Theoldpictures.C．Thewedding.7．Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A．Checkthebooking.B．Savesomemoney.C．Booktheplaneticketsahead.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．InahospitalB．Inarestaurant.C．Inaschool.9．Whowilldrivethemanhome?A．ThewomanB．HisfriendC．Hiswife.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10．Howwastheman’sjobinterview?A．Competitive.B．Easy.C．Informal.11．Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A．Hegotthejob.B．Hefailedtheinterview.C．Hehasn’tgottheresult.12．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A．Enjoyameal.B．Gotoaparty.C．Haveadrink听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13．Whatdidthewomandotowhatthemansaid?A．Shewroteitdown.B．Sherepeatedit.C．Shetypeditout14．Whatwasthegirlprobablydoingwhentheaccidenthappened?A．Ridingabike.B．Listeningtomusic.C．Gettingonacar.15．Whendidtheaccidenthappenaccordingtotheman?A．At7:20a.m.yesterday.B．At7:20a.m.today.C．At7:20p.m.today.16．Whatdoesthemanhavetodointheend?A．Recordtheirconversation.B．CopyhisIDcard.C．Signhisname.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．HowdidthespeakergettoMiami?A．ByshipB．Byplane.C．Bytrain.18．WhydidthespeakergoonholidayinMiami?A．Itwascheaper.B．Itwasnearer.C．Itwaswarmer.19．Wheredidthespeakereatbreakfast?A．InthehotelroomB．Inthedininghall.C．Outdoorsnearthepool.20．Whendidthespeakergodancing?A．InthemorningB．Intheafternoon.C．Intheevening.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMINIBOSS&BIGBOSSSUMMERBUSINESSCAMPJoinusatouraward-winningInternationalSummerBusinessCamp!Togetherwithstudentsfromallovertheworld,youwilldiveintoexperiencinglifeandculture.We’veservedover9,000studentsfrom27countriessince2000!LOCATIONThecampislocated10milesfromOxford,notfarfromLondonandCambridge.ACCOMMODATIONSThecampprovidesfullboard.YouwillliveinsharedroomsintheboardingThorntonHighSchoolorThorntonCollege.DeliciousEnglishdishesarepreparedbychefs.AGEGROUPSMinibossgroups:9-11,12-15Bigbossgroups:15-18POWERFULPROGRAMMES☑ExploreYourselfinBusinessThiscourseprovidesyouwithabroadintroductiontobusiness,humanfullpotentialandself-realization.Itequipsyouwiththeskillstosuccessfullylaunchandmanageyourownbusiness.Mostimportantly,youwilldevelopthemindsettobecomeagroundbreakingentrepreneur(企业家).☑AeademicProgrammeImmerse(使沉浸于)yourselfintheexcitingbusinessworldthroughcasestudiesofworld-famouscompanies.Inadditiontotraining,thecamphasmanyrecreationalactivitiesandsports,whichalternatewithbusinessgamesanddailyeveningreflection.Onthiscourse,youwill;●Identifyhowtounlockyourfullpotentialandmanageyourownpotential;●Strengthenyourproblem-solvingabilities;●Developcooperationskills;●Examinehowleadingentrepreneursachievetheirgoals;●Learntothinklikeanentrepreneur.1.Whatdoweknowaboutthecamp?A.Ithasahistoryof27years. B.ItisbackedbyOxfordandCambridge.C.Itisclearlytargetedatteenagers. D.Itisopentostudentsofallnationalities.2.WhatcancamperslearnfromtheExploreYourselfinBusinesscourse?A.Teamworkspirit. B.Interpersonalskills.C.Creativethinking. D.Problem-solvingabilities.3.Whatcanthesecondprogrammedo?A.Combineeducationwithpleasure. B.Teachcamperstosetgoals.C.Offerjobsinworld-famouscompanies. D.Traincamperstothinklikeadults.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了英国商业夏令管的相关内容，包括地点、食宿、特色课程等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Joinusatouraward-winningInternationalSummerBusinessCamp!Togetherwithstudentsfromallovertheworld,youwilldiveintoexperiencinglifeandculture.We’veservedover9,000studentsfrom27countriessince2000!(加入我们屡获殊荣的国际暑期商务营吧！与来自世界各地的学生一起，你将深入体验生活和文化。自2000年以来，我们已经为来自27个国家的9000多名学生提供了服务！)”可知，夏令营对所有国籍的学生开放。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ExploreYourselfinBusiness下的“Thiscourseprovidesyouwithabroadintroductiontobusiness,humanfullpotentialandself-realization.Itequipsyouwiththeskillstosuccessfullylaunchandmanageyourownbusiness.Mostimportantly,youwilldevelopthemindsettobecomeagroundbreakingentrepreneur(企业家).(本课程为你提供商业、人的全部潜力和自我实现的广泛介绍。它装备你的技能，成功地启动和管理自己的企业。最重要的是，你将培养成为一名开创性企业家的心态)”可知，营员们能从ExploreYourselfinBusiness课程中学到创造性思维。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据AeademicProgramme下的“Immerse(使沉浸于)yourselfintheexcitingbusinessworldthroughcasestudiesofworld-famouscompanies.Inadditiontotraining,thecamphasmanyrecreationalactivitiesandsports,whichalternatewithbusinessgamesanddailyeveningreflection.(通过对世界著名公司的案例研究，让自己沉浸在令人兴奋的商业世界中。除了训练之外，营地还有许多娱乐活动和体育活动，这些活动与商业游戏和每天晚上的反思交替进行)”可知，这个项目把教育和娱乐结合起来。故选A项。BMostpeoplewhoranthemarathonlastmonthspentdaysbeforerestingupanddaysafterrecovering.ButnotJackyHunt-Broersma.Intotal,sheran104marathonsin104days.Ifit’sconfirmedbyGuinnessWorldRecords,thatwouldbeanewworldrecord.Andshediditallwithonelegandaprosthesis(假肢).“Someoneable-bodiedhaddoneitpreviously.IwantedtoseeifIcoulddoitonaprostheticlegandseewhatwouldhappen,”shesaid.“IthoughtitwouldbeagreatwaytoinspireotherstopushtheirlimitsbecauseItrulybelievethatwe’restrongerthanwhatwethink.AndI’vebeensopleasantlysurprisedthatmybodyisheldup,everythingisheldupandI’vemadeitto104.”Sheactuallydidnotpickupthesportuntilaftershelostthelowerpartofherleftlegin2001toatypeofcancercalledEwingsarcoma.Runnersusingaprostheticlegcan’tusearegularone.Theyneedarunningblade(刀锋式跑步义肢).Hunt-Broersmahastwo,butshewasonlyabletorunwithonebecauseoftheswellingsheexperiencedinherleftlegthatmadeitimpossibletoconnecttotheotherblade.Butevenwiththepainthatoccurred,shehasbeenabletoputupwithitandcontinued.Alltogether,Hunt-Broersmaranover4,385kilometers.Duringthattimeshehashadalotoftimetothinkandhaslearnedafewthingsaboutherself.“Ithastaughtmehowstrongonecanbeandhowimportantabsolutedeterminationis.Ifyou’rementallystrong,youcandoanything,”shesaid.“Andourbodiesarejustamazing...Thiswholejourneywasimpressiveandsuperhard,butit’stoldmehowstrongIcanbeasapersonandhowfarIcanpushmyself.”4.WhydidHunt-Broersmadecidetorunmarathons?A.Shewantedtosetanewrecord.B.Sheintendedtochallengeherself.C.Shewasdrivenbyherinterest.D.Shewasinspiredbypeoplelikeher.5.WhatdifficultydidHunt-Broersmameetwith?A.Shedidn’tgetprofessionaltraining.B.Shefoundithardtokeepherbalance.C.Shesuffereddiscomfortinherleftleg.D.Shecouldn’tuseregularrunningblades.6.Whatmessagedoestheauthorexpressthroughthestory?A.Romewasn’tbuiltinaday.B.Timeworkswonders.C.Agoodbeginningishalfthebattle.D.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.7.Whatmaybetheauthor’sattitudetowardsHunt-Broersma?A.Annoyed. B.Sympathetic.C.Admiring. D.Humorous.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了JackyHunt-Broersma虽然由于癌症而左腿截肢，但是借助假肢连续104天跑104场马拉松的励志故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的““Someoneable-bodiedhaddoneitpreviously.IwantedtoseeifIcoulddoitonaprostheticlegandseewhatwouldhappen,”shesaid.(‘以前有健全的人这样做过。我想看看我能否在义肢上做到这一点，看看会发生什么。’她说。)”可知，先前曾有体格健全的人连续跑马拉松，Hunt-Broersma想看看自己戴着假肢能不能连续跑马拉松；由此可知，Hunt-Broersma决定跑马拉松是为了挑战自我。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Runnersusingaprostheticlegcan’tusearegularone.Theyneedarunningblade(刀锋式跑步义肢).Hunt-Broersmahastwo,butshewasonlyabletorunwithonebecauseoftheswellingsheexperiencedinherleftlegthatmadeitimpossibletoconnecttotheotherblade.Butevenwiththepainthatoccurred,shehasbeenabletoputupwithitandcontinued.(使用假肢的跑步者不能使用普通的假肢。他们需要一个刀锋式跑步义肢。Hunt-Broersma两个刀锋式跑步义肢，但她只能用其中一个，因为她左腿肿胀，无法连接到另一把刀。但即使发生了痛苦，她也能够忍受并继续下去。)”可知，Hunt-Broersma跑马拉松时要忍受左腿肿胀带来的不适和痛苦。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中的“Butevenwiththepainthatoccurred,shehasbeenabletoputupwithitandcontinued.(但即使发生了痛苦，她也能够忍受并继续下去。)”和最后一段中的““Ithastaughtmehowstrongonecanbeandhowimportantabsolutedeterminationis.Ifyou’rementallystrong,youcandoanything,”shesaid.“Andourbodiesarejustamazing...Thiswholejourneywasimpressiveandsuperhard,butit’stoldmehowstrongIcanbeasapersonandhowfarIcanpushmyself.”(‘它教会了我一个人可以有多坚强，以及绝对的决心有多重要。如果你内心强大，你可以做任何事情，’她说：‘我们的身体真是太棒了……整个旅程令人印象深刻，也非常艰难，但它告诉我，作为一个人，我可以有多强大，我可以把自己逼到多远。’)”可知，Hunt-Broersma克服身体的不适并坚持跑完了马拉松，虽然过程很艰难，但Hunt-Broersma明白了一个人可以有多强大，坚定的决心有多重要以及她自己究竟可以走多远。由此可知，作者通过Hunt-Broersma的故事告诉读者只要有坚定意志与决心，就没有不可能的事情，面对艰难困苦，只要我们迎难而上，坚持不懈，就能取得成功。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Mostpeoplewhoranthemarathonlastmonthspentdaysbeforerestingupanddaysafterrecovering.ButnotJackyHunt-Broersma.Intotal,sheran104marathonsin104days.Ifit’sconfirmedbyGuinnessWorldRecords,thatwouldbeanewworldrecord.Andshediditallwithonelegandaprosthesis(假肢).(上个月跑马拉松的大多数人在赛前休息和赛后恢复上都花了几天时间。但JackyHunt-Broersma不是。她总共在104天内跑了104场马拉松。如果吉尼斯世界纪录证实，这将是一项新的世界纪录。她用一条腿和一个假肢完成了这一切。)”可知，Hunt-Broersma在104天内跑了104场马拉松，赛前没有休息，赛后也没有时间恢复；再结合第二段提到的她勇于挑战自己、第三段提到的她努力克服身体的不适以及最后一段她的感悟可知，作者对Hunt-Broersma的态度是钦佩赞赏的。故选C。C“TheWorthingtonChristiandefeatedtheWestervilleNorthby2—1inanOhioboys’soccergameonSaturday.”That’saccordingtoastorythatappearedlastmonthinTheColumbusDispatch.Thatleadwaswrittennotbyasportswriter,butbyanartificialintelligence(AI)tool.ManynewsorganizationsarenowexamininghowAImightbeusedintheirwork.Butiftheybegintheir“experimenting”withhighschoolsportsbecausetheyarelessmomentousthanwar,peace,climatechangeandpolitics,theymaymisssomethingcrucial.Nothingmaybemoreimportanttothestudentswhoplayhighschoolsports,andtotheirfamilies,neighborhoods,andsometimes,thewholetown.Thatnextgameiswhatthestudentstrainfor,worktoward,anddreamabout.Someday,almostallstudentathleteswillgoontohavejobsinfrontofscreens,inofficeparks,atschools,inhospitalsoronconstructionsites.Theymaysufferblowsandsetbacks.Butthehighschoolgamestheyplayedandwatched,aswellastheirhopesandcheers,willstayvividintheirmemories.Ihaveasmallidea.Ifnewspaperswillnolongersendstaffreporterstocoverhighschoolgames,whynothirehighschoolstudentjournalists?Newsorganizationscanpaystudentsanhourlywagetocoverhighschoolgames.Theyoungreportersmightlearnhowtobefairtoallsides,writevividly,andattractreaders.That’swhatsomecelebritiesinsportsdid,anddo.Andthinkofthegreatwriterswhowereinspiredbysports:Hemingwayonfishing,BernardMalamudandMarianneMooreonbaseball,ChenZhongshionfootball,andCLRJamesoncricket,whosaid,“Therecanberawpainandbleedingwheresomanythousandsseetheinevitable(不可避免的)upsanddownsofonlyagame.”Agoodhighschoolwriter,unlikearobot,couldtellreadersnotjustthescore,butthestoriesofthegame.8.Whyistheleadmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroduceanoriginalidea. B.ToshowAI’swideapplication.C.TobringintheopinionaboutAI. D.TostressAI’simportancetonews.9.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhighschoolgames?A.Hopeful. B.Eye-catching. C.Competitive. D.Far-reaching.10.Whatisgoodsportsnewslikeaccordingtotheauthor?A.Richincontents. B.Fairincomments.C.Centeredonresults. D.Targetedonreaders.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NewsOrganizationsAreAbusingAI B.HighSchoolersCanDoWhatAICan’tC.GreatWritersAreCrazyAboutSports D.AIRuinsHighSchoolStudents’Memory【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了现在许多新闻机构不重视高中体育比赛的新闻报道，只用人工智能写手，因此新闻只是一个成绩公告，没有故事性。但是作者认为，高中的体育比赛会给学生带来美好的回忆，新闻机构可以雇用高中生记者进行报道。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段““TheWorthingtonChristiandefeatedtheWestervilleNorthby2—1inanOhioboys’soccergameonSaturday.”That’saccordingtoastorythatappearedlastmonthinTheColumbusDispatch.Thatleadwaswrittennotbyasportswriter,butbyanartificialintelligence(AI)tool.(“在周六的俄亥俄州男子足球比赛中，沃辛顿基督徒队以2比1击败了北方韦斯特维尔队。”这是根据上个月发表在《哥伦布快讯》上的一篇报道。这篇头条新闻不是体育记者写的，而是人工智能工具写的)”可知，本段主要介绍了这则新闻报道不是体育新闻记者写的，而是人工智能工具写的，再结合下文作者主要发表对人工智能用于学校体育新闻报道的看法可推知，这里提到该头条新闻是为了引出下文关于人工智能的观点。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Nothingmaybemoreimportanttothestudentswhoplayhighschoolsports,andtotheirfamilies,neighborhoods,andsometimes,thewholetown.Thatnextgameiswhatthestudentstrainfor,worktoward,anddreamabout.Someday,almostallstudentathleteswillgoontohavejobsinfrontofscreens,inofficeparks,atschools,inhospitalsoronconstructionsites.Theymaysufferblowsandsetbacks.Butthehighschoolgamestheyplayedandwatched,aswellastheirhopesandcheers,willstayvividintheirmemories.(对于参加高中体育运动的学生，对他们的家庭，社区，有时甚至是整个城镇来说，没有什么比这更重要了。下一场比赛是学生们训练、努力和梦想的目标。总有一天，几乎所有的学生运动员都将在屏幕前、办公园区、学校、医院或建筑工地工作。他们可能遭受打击和挫折。但他们参加和观看的高中比赛，以及他们的希望和欢呼，将留在他们的记忆中)”可知，高中体育运动对于学生及他们周围的生活圈来说非常重要，这是他们学生时代努力的目标，也会在未来他们进入工作领域时影响他们，为他们提供美好的回忆。由此推知，作者认为高中体育比赛的影响很深远。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中引用的CLRJames的话“Therecanberawpainandbleedingwheresomanythousandsseetheinevitable(不可避免的)upsanddownsofonlyagame.(成千上万的人看到的只是一场比赛不可避免的起起落落，可能会带来疼痛和流血)”以及“Agoodhighschoolwriter,unlikearobot,couldtellreadersnotjustthescore,butthestoriesofthegame.(一个优秀的高中作家，不像机器人，不仅能告诉读者比分，还能告诉他们比赛的故事)”可知，作者认为好的体育新闻不仅要告诉读者比赛的结果，还应内容丰富，讲述其故事，体现其起伏。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段介绍当前高中体育比赛的新闻报道不是体育新闻记者写的，而是人工智能工具完成的现象；第二段表示对人工智能撰写高中体育比赛新闻的反对，探讨高中体育比赛的积极影响；第三段建议新闻机构雇用高中生记者来报道高中体育比赛；最后一段提到高中生新闻撰写者比人工智能有优势。由此可知，本文主要讲述的是高中生能够做到人工智能做不到的事情——把高中体育比赛新闻撰写得有声有色，因此B项“高中生可以做人工智能做不到的事情”最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。DFordecadessleepscientistshavethoughtoverthelinkbetweendreamingandcreativeinspiration.Theyhavelongthoughttheinsightcamefromthestageofrapideyemovementsleep,whichisrichwithdreamsandbeginsaround90minutesafteronefallingasleep.Butnewevidenceputsthespotlightonamuchearlierphase—theperiodthatseparatessleepandwakefulness.InastudybyMIT,researchersshowthatpeoplewhotakebriefnaps(小睡)thatbringaboutthebeginningofsleepscorehigheronseveralmeasuresofcreativitythanthosewhoundertakethetasksafterstayingawake.Thefindingssuggestresearcherscouldevenexercisesomemeasureofcontroloverthedreamingprocessbydirectingpeople'sdreamstowardaspecifictopic.Themorefrequentlypeopledreamedaboutthat,themorecreativetheywereontasksrelatedtoit.“Wecancometotheconclusionthatdreamingaboutatopicenhancesyoursubsequentcreativityonit,”saysRobertStickgold,amemberofthestudyteam.Theexperimenttookadvantageofaglovelikesleepdetector,whichchartssleepbymonitoringone'smuscletone,skinconductanceandheartratethroughcontactsonthewristandhand.Itcommunicateswithanappthatissuesvoiceprompts(提示)fordreamsandrecordsdreamreports.Morethanonefamousthinkerhascapitalizedonthephasecallednon-rapideyemovementsleepstage1,orN1,illustratingthepointaboutgeneratingcreativeinsights.ThepainterSalvadorDalíwoulddeliberatelynap,holdingasetofkeysaboveametalplate,whenthinkingoveranideaforapainting.Ashenoddedoff,he'ddropthekeys,whichwouldhittheplateandwakehimup,andhe'dholdontotheimagefromhisdream.ThomasAlvaEdisonissaidtohaveusedasimilartechniquewithmetalballstogaininsights.“It'sexcitingbecause,inprinciple,peoplecouldusethetechnologythemselvestodevelopcreativity,”saysJonathanSchooler,aprofessorofpsychologicalandbrainsciencesattheUniversityofCalifornia.Thereseemstobenoshortageoffolkscomingtotryit.“Somanydifferentkindsofpeoplehavevisited,knockingonthelabdoorandaskingtohavedreams,”co-leadinvestigatorHaarHorowitzsays.12.Whichphaseboostscreativeideasaccordingtothestudy?ATheinitialsleepstage. B.Themiddleofthesleepcycle.C.Thewakefulnessaftersleep. D.Therapideyemovementsleepstage.13.Whatdothefindingsmentionedinparagraph2show?A.Physicalchangesreflectthesleepphase. B.Dreamcontentsrelatetoreallife.C.Creativitylevelsvarywiththenaplength. D.Thethemeofthedreamcanbeguided.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“charts”inparagraph3mean?A.Encourages. B.Improves. C.Tracks. D.Influences.15.WhyareSalvadorDalíandThomasAlvaEdisonmentioned?A.Toprovetheeffectofdreams. B.Toprovidesupportforthefindings.C.TointerpretthebenefitsofN1. D.Togiveexamplesoffuelingcreativity.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。实验表明，睡眠初始阶段的梦境是创造力最活跃的阶段，人类有希望利用这一睡眠阶段提升创造力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Butnowevidencepatsthespotlightonamuchearlierphase—theperiodthatseparatesasleepandwakefulness.InastudybyMIT,researchersshowthatpeoplewhotakebriefnaps(小睡)thatbringaboutthebeginningofsleepscorehigheronseveralmeasuresofcreativitythanthreewhoundertakethetasksafterstayingawake.(但现在，证据将焦点投向了一个更早的阶段——介于睡眠和清醒之间的时期。麻省理工学院的一项研究表明，那些短暂小睡，进入睡眠初期的人，在多项创造力的测试中得分高于那些一直保持清醒状态完成任务的人)”可知，新的证据将焦点放在一个更早的阶段——睡眠和清醒之间的一段时间。研究发现在睡眠开始前短暂小睡的人在创造力方面得分更高。由此可知，睡眠的初始阶段是创新灵感的来源。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thefindingssuggestresearcherscouldevenexercisesomemeasureofcontroloverthedreamingprocessbydirectingpeople'sdreamstowardaspecifictopic(这项研究结果表明，研究人员甚至可以通过引导人们的梦境向特定主题发展，来对做梦过程进行一定程度的控制)”可知，研究结果表明，研究人员甚至可以通过将人们的梦境引向特定主题来对做梦过程进行某种程度的控制。由此可知，梦境的主题可以被引导。故选D项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“bymonitoringone'smuscletone,skinconductanceandheartratethroughcontactsonthewristandhand.Itcommunicateswithanappthatissuesvoiceprompts(提示)fordreamsandrecordsdreamreports(通过手腕和手部的触点来监测一个人的肌肉紧张度、皮肤电导率和心率。它与一个应用程序通信，该应用程序会发出梦境提示并记录梦境报告)”可知，下文提到通过手腕和手上的接触器监测一个人的肌肉紧张性、皮肤电导率和心率，它与一个应用程序进行通信，该应用程序会发出梦境语音提示并记录梦境报告。由此推知，它应是能跟踪睡眠情况，划线词的含义应为“跟踪”，故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Morethanonefamousthinkerhascapitalizedonthephasecallednon-rapideyemovementsleepstage1,orN1,illustratingthepointaboutgeneratingcreativeinsights.ThepainterSalvadorDalíwoulddeliberatelynap,holdingasetofkeysaboveametalplate,whenthinkingoveranideaforapainting.Ashenoddedoff,he'ddropthekeys,whichwouldhittheplateandwakehimup,andhe'dholdontotheimagefromhisdream.ThomasAlvaEdisonissaidtohaveusedasimilartechniquewithmetalballstogaininsights(不止一位著名思想家利用非快速眼动睡眠第一阶段（N1）来阐述激发创造性思维的观点。画家萨尔瓦多·达利在思考绘画创意时，会故意小憩，手里拿着一串钥匙悬在金属板上方。当他打盹时，钥匙会掉落在金属板上，将他惊醒，这时他会牢牢记住梦中的图像。据说托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生也使用了类似的金属球技巧来获取灵感)”可推知，本文提到萨尔瓦多·达利和托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生是为他们的发现提供佐证，来支撑研究发现，故选B项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’shappenedtoallofus:asongcomesontheradio,andweareimmediatelytransportedbacktoatimeinourpast.____16____Thereareafewthingsthatconnecttuneswithourmemories.Musicisoftenanecessaryelementofmanyimportantlifeevents,anditisalsoveryeffectiveinarrestingourattention.____17____Besides,theemotionalnatureofmusichelpsmakeitparticularlymemorable.Weoftenbecomefamiliarwithapieceofmusicbecausewehearitasbackgroundmusic.Themorefamiliarapieceofmusicis,themoreeffectiveitisinbringingbackmemories.____18____ThereasonisthatwearefarmorelikelytohearasongoverandoveragainthantowatchafilmoraTVprogrammeinthesameway.TiffanyJenkins,writingforaculturecolumn,hasadifferentopinion:____19____Shetellsushowthroughouthistoryoralcultureshavepassedimportantknowledgefromgenerationtogenerationthroughsongsbecauseofthischaracteristic.Therhythm(韵律)andrhymeinlinesofsongsallserveasmemoryaids.____20____Thisfactcorrespondswithwhatmanyexpertscallthe“reminiscencebump(怀旧性记忆)”,whereolderadults(overforty)haveincreasedrecollectionofeventsthatoccurredduringtheiradolescenceandearlyadulthood.It’sclearthatourmemoriesandmusicarecloselylinked—tothepointthatmusicisbeingusedtohelpAlzheimer’sdiseasesufferersaccessmemoriesthattheythoughttheyhadlost.A.Familiarityisimportant.B.Musicitselfiseasytoremember.C.Butwhatmakesmusicsoeffectiveindoingthis?D.Ourmusicalpreferenceusuallyformsduringourteens.EThisappliestomusicmorethanotherculturalproducts.F.Popmusicespeciallycanbeconnectedwithanimportantmemory.G.Musicandtheselifeeventsarelikelytobelinkedtogetherinourmemories.【答案】16.C17.G18.E19.B20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对音乐为什么总是会唤起人们的某些回忆进行了解释。【16题详解】根据前文“It’shappenedtoallofus:asongcomesontheradio,andweareimmediatelytransportedbacktoatimeinourpast.(我们每个人都有过这样的经历：收音机里响起一首歌，我们立刻被传送回过去的某个时间。)”和后文“Thereareafewthingsthatconnecttuneswithourmemories.(有一些东西可以将音乐与我们的记忆联系起来。)”可知，此处是指音乐是如何与我们的回忆联系在一起的，所以选项C“但是什么让音乐在这方面如此有效呢？”切合文意。故选C。【17题详解】根据前文“Musicisoftenanecessaryelementofmanyimportantlifeevents,anditisalsoveryeffectiveinarrestingourattention.(音乐往往是许多重要生活事件的必要元素，它也非常有效地吸引我们的注意力。)”可知，此处是指因此音乐和生活事件有可能在我们的记忆里产生联系，所以选项G“音乐和这些生活事件很可能在我们的记忆中联系在一起。”切合文意。故选G。【18题详解】根据后文“ThereasonisthatwearefarmorelikelytohearasongoverandoveragainthantowatchafilmoraTVprogrammeinthesameway.(原因是我们更有可能一遍又一遍地听一首歌，而不是用同样的方式看电影或电视节目。)”可知，此处是指比起电影或电视节目等音乐更有可能唤起回忆，所以选项E“比起其他文化产品，这更适用于音乐。”切合文意。故选E。【19题详解】根据后文“Shetellsushowthroughouthistoryoralcultureshavepassedimportantknowledgefromgenerationtogenerationthroughsongsbecauseofthischaracteristic.Therhythm(韵律)andrhymeinlinesofsongsallserveasmemoryaids.(她告诉我们，由于这一特点，在整个历史中，口头文化是如何通过歌曲将重要的知识代代相传的。歌词的节奏和韵律都可以帮助记忆。)”可知，此处是指音乐容易记忆，所以选项B“音乐本身很容易记住。”切合文意。故选B。【20题详解】根据后文“Thisfactcorrespondswithwhatmanyexpertscallthe“reminiscencebump(怀旧性记忆)”,whereolderadults(overforty)haveincreasedrecollectionofeventsthatoccurredduringtheiradolescenceandearlyadulthood.(这一事实与许多专家所说的“怀旧性记忆”相吻合，即老年人（40岁以上）对青春期和成年早期发生的事件的回忆增加。)”可知，此处是指我们的音乐喜好通常形成于青少年时期，所以选项D“我们的音乐偏好通常在青少年时期形成。”切合文意。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihavebeenoneofthosemenwhosetthesamegoalseveryyearbutrarely___21___anyofthem.Istartedhotandreadyfora___22___yeareachyearbutthatenergy___23___bytheendofFebruary.Icametotheendofeachyearfeeling___24___.Attheendof2016,Ireachedmy___25___point.Iwastiredofbeingoverweightandbroke,___26___topaymybills,in___27___relationships,andfeelinglikea(n)___28___tothoseinmylife.Isaid“enough”,andstartedatthebeginningof2017inaplacethat___29___me—Maui,Hawaii.Ispentmorningsonthebeachreflectingquietlyand___30___mymentalitytoprocesstrauma(创伤).Ispentdays___31___howtopromotemyselfintheareasIwantedto,andIgottowork.IleftMauiachangedman,andthe___32___tobecomingthebestversionofmyselfhasn’tstoppedsince.Oneofmybiggestrealizationswasthe___33___ofputtingmyselffirstandcreatinggoalsconnectedwithwhereIwantedtogoinlife.Self-prioritization(自我优先)hashelpedmecreategoalsIcangohardonallyear.Self-prioritizedgoalshaveledtoabettermeforeveryoneelseinmylife.Lifeismore___34___sincemakingtheshifttoself-prioritizationingoalsetting.Understandingandcarryingoutself-prioritizationinyourgoal-settingcangreatly___35___howyoureachyourgoalsandworkonbecomingthebestversionofyourself.21.A.tried B.ignored C.replaced D.achieved22.A.productive B.joyful C.colorful D.novel23.A.pickedup B.messedup C.turnedaway D.fadedaway24.A.confused B.defeated C.frightened D.unsatisfied25.A.turning B.starting C.breaking D.meeting26.A.intending B.promising C.longing D.struggling27.A.boring B.unhealthy C.dangerous D.direct28.A.example B.pride C.disappointment D.annoyance29.A.impressed B.tested C.attracted D.changed30.A.enjoyed B.connected C.righted D.dreamed31.A.discussing B.studying C.choosing D.judging32.A.journey B.approach C.answer D.solution33.A.ability B.definitions C.importance D.intention34.A.rewarding B.precious C.beautiful D.mysterious35.A.imply B.improve C.contain D.control【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.B25.C26.D27.B28.C29.D30.C31.B32.A33.C34.A35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经面临一系列的不顺利，到了崩溃的边缘，于是开始寻求改变，把自己放在第一位，努力成为最好的自己。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我就是那种每年都设定同样目标却很少实现的人——一个也没有实现。A.tried尝试；B.ignored忽视；C.replaced代替；D.achieved实现。根据上文“setthesamegoalseveryyear”此处指没能实现目标。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每年我都热热闹闹地开始，准备好迎接丰收的一年，但这种活力在2月底就消失了。A.productive多产的；B.joyful快乐的；C.colorful多彩的；D.novel新颖的。根据上文“Istartedhotandreadyfora”指作者每年热闹地制定很多目标，准备好迎接丰收的一年，故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每年我都热热闹闹地开始，准备好迎接丰收的一年，但这种活力在2月底就消失了。A.pickedup捡起；B.messedup弄乱；C.turnedaway转移；D.fadedaway消失。根据上文“butthatenergy”中but表示转折，说明这种活力在2月底就消失了。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每到年末，我都感到挫败。A.confused困惑的；B.defeated被击败的；C.frightened害怕的；D.unsatisfied不满足的。根据上文可知作者每年都没能实现目标，所以感到挫败。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年底，我到了崩溃的边缘。A.turning转弯；B.starting开始；C.breaking崩溃，打破；D.meeting遇见。后文列举了作者一系列的不顺利，所以是到了崩溃的边缘。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我厌倦了超重和破产，厌倦了挣扎着支付账单，厌倦了不健康的人际关系，厌倦了对生活中的人感到失望。A.intending打算；B.promising承诺；C.longing渴望；D.struggling努力。根据后文“topaymybills”指作者支付账单很挣扎，故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我厌倦了超重和破产，厌倦了挣扎着支付账单，厌倦了不健康