2025年广东深圳高三一模高考英语试卷（含答案详解）

2025年深圳市高三年级第一次调研考试

英语

2025.2

试卷共8页，卷面满分120分，折算成130分计入总分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码

粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。

2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标

号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题

卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Areyouinterestedinhowmarine（海洋的）ecosystemswork?Doyouwanttoknowmore

aboutmarineanimals?BowlingGreenStateUniversity（BGSU）hasoneofthefewcampsinthe

Midwestwherehighschoolstudentscanexplorelifeatsea!

CampDates:June8-13、2025

Whatkindsofactivitiesdocampersgettodo?

,FieldtripstolocationsaroundNorthwestOhiotoexaminemarinelifeandenvironments

,Hands-onactivitiestopracticespecimen（标本）collectionprocedures

,Designandrunanexperimentinourresearchlab

•Behind-the-scenetriptotheToledoZootolearnaboutmarineanimals

•MeetprofessionalstolearnwhatitmeanstobeamarinescientistWhatdoesthecostcover?

TheBGSUMarineBiologycampwillofferbothresidentialandnon-residentialoptions.Thecost

ofthenon-residentialprogramis$850,withanadditional$400feefortheresidentialoption.The

试卷第1页，共12页

totalprogramcostcoversroomandboard,allmaterialsforlabsandactivitiesaswellas

transportationforfieldtrips.A10%discountisavailableforearlyadmission.Application

Requirements

•Letterofrecommendation

•Completetheonlineform

•Completeresponsestoshort-answerquestions

Note:Answerstoquestionsprovidedbyanyoneotherthanthatapplicantwilldisqualifythe

application.ApplicationDeadlines

•March2,2025一Tobeconsideredforearlyadmission.Applicantswillbeinformedby

March14.

,April25.2025一GeneralApplicationDeadline.

Note:Allspacesmayfillafterselectionfromtheearlyadmissiondeadline.

1.Whatdoesthecampoffer?

A.Samplegatheringpractice.

B.Fieldtripstonaturemuseums.

C.Researchlabmembership.

D.Lecturesonmarineknowledge.

2.Whatistheearlyadmissioncostfortheresidentialoption?

A.$400,B.$765.

C.$1,125.D.$1,250.

3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultinanapplicant'sdisqualification?

A.Forgettingtoconfirmadmission.

B.Providingresponsesgivenbyothers.

C.Missingtheearlyapplicationdeadline.

D.Failingtorecommendotherapplicants.

B

JulesVerneiswidelyregardedasoneofthefathersofsciencefiction.His

""ExtraordinaryVoyages（航海）“seriestransportreadersongrandadventurestothefarreachesof

Earthandbeyond.ButVernedidmorethanjusttellentertainingstories-healsopredictedover

试卷第2页，共12页

1OOmodem-dayinventionsandtechnologiesinhiswritings.

Forexample,inthe1889shortstoryIntheYear2889,Vernepaintedapictureofahighly

networkedworldwithglobalmultimediacommunications.Hedescribedthe“phonotelephone''

whichsentsoundandimagesovergreatdistances.Themaincharacter,FritzNapoleonSmith,is

abletoeasilycommunicateviathistechnologywithhiswifeonanothercontinent:

“Mr.Smithwasabledistinctlytoseehiswifedespitethedistancethatseparatedhimfrom

her...Mrs.Smithimmediatelyappearedonthetelephoticscreen,withherfeaturessmilingandher

eyesmoist（潮湿的）withtears.”

Verne'stechnically-groundedadventuretalesrepresentedanewapproachtoimaginingthe

futurethroughfiction.Unlikeotherwritersofhisdaywhopennedmorefancifulorsupernatural

stories,Verneaimedforrealisminhisfuturisticvisions,alwaysbasingthemoncutting-edge

scienceandhisownextensiveresearch.Thislaidthefoundationforthe“hardsciencefiction^^of

the20thcenturyandbeyond.

Verneisoftenthoughtofasatechnologicaloptimist,achampionofscientificprogressand

innovation.Buthiswritingsalsorevealanotherperspective.Manyofhisstoriesfeatureabrilliant

butmadscientistwhoseinventionsultimatelybringmoreharmthangood.CaptainNemoin

20,000LeaguesUndertheSeauseshissubmarine（潜艇）toviolentlyattackships.ForVeme

humannaturedeterminedwhethertechnologywouldbeaforceforgoodorasourceof

destruction.

ThespiritofadventureinVerne'stimelessstorieswillliveon,continuingtoinspire

generationstopushtheboundariesofthepossibleandcreatetheworldoftomorrow.Thatis

perhapsthegreatestachievementoftheextraordinaryvoyagesofJulesVerne.

4.HowdoesMr.SmithcontacthiswifeinIntheYear2889?

A.Byholdinganin-persontalk.B.Bymakingalong-distancecall.

C.Bysendingaletterbackhome.D.Byhavinganinstantvideochat.

5.Whatisthe4'hardsciencefiction^^basedon?

A.Theunrealisticfantasies.B.Thefictionaltechnologies.

C.Thelatestresearchfindings.D.Theimaginedfutureworlds.

6.WhatcanweinferaboutVernefromCaptainNemo'sstory?

A.Heisdisappointedwithhumannature.

试卷第3页，共12页

B.Heisawareofthedangeroftechnology.

C.Heisinfavourofscientificdevelopment.

D.Heisdifferentfromthewritersofhistime.

7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJulesVerneaccordingtothetext?

A.Strong-willed.B.Fantasy-seeking.

C.Positive-minded.D.Forward-thinking.

C

Self-confidenceistrustinginourabilitiesorqualities.Ifsusuallyseenasagoodthing.But

isitpossiblethatwemightbenefitfromalittlelessconfidenceinourbeliefs?

Formanyyears,Dr.MarkLeary,aneuroscientistatDukeUniversityinDurham,N.C.,has

studiedtheroleofpeople'sbeliefsintheirbehavior.Hefoundoverconfidenceisverycommon,

especiallywhenitcomestowhatpeoplebelievetobetrue,andcanleadustodisastrousdecisions.

In1986,NASAbelievedthattheriskoflossforanyspaceflightwasroughly1in100,000.Itwas

anoverconfidentbeliefandmighthaveledtotheexplosionoftheChallenger.Thegoodnewsis

thatthere5sa"vaccine（疫苗）“foroverconfidence,andthafswhatscientistscall"'intellectual

humility^^一recognizingthatyourbeliefscouldbewrong.

Asurveyof144collegestudentstomeasuretheirintellectualhumilityfoundthatstudents

whosawtheirthinkingcouldbewrongtendedtobemorecuriousandmorelikelytoseekoutnew

knowledge.Theyendedupknowingmoreattheendoftheday.Butdoesitactuallyhelpyou

beyondthat?

Tofindoutmore,Dr.TenellePorteratBallStateUniversityconductedaseriesofstudies

withhighschoolstudents.Shefoundthatstudentswithintellectualhumilityweremuchmore

likelytotestthemselvestoseewhethertheyreallyunderstoodthematerialandseekoutpotential

holesintheirunderstanding.Whentheygottestscores,they5dchangetheirstudystrategicsto

improvetheirperformanceandmasterthematerialforthenexttest.

Studentswhodidn'tseetheirknowledgecouldbewrongmightinsteadjustsailthrough

theirstudyingandwouldn'tstoptoaskthemselvesiftheytrulyunderstoodwhattheyread,heard,

ordid.Suchstudentsthoughttheygotasubjectdownpat,butwhenaskedtoexplainitonatest,

theyfoundtheydidn'tactuallyunderstandasmuchastheyhadthought.

试卷第4页，共12页

Althoughitmightbegoodforyou,researchersrecognizethatquestioningyourbeliefscan

betrulyhard.Still,ifsimportanttorememberthatquestioningbeliefsisn'talwaysaboutreplacing

oldoneswithnewones.Ifyoufindithardtoquestionabelieftrytaking“babysteps.”

8.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexplosionoftheChallenger?

A.Toexpresshissorrowfortheloss.

B.Tostressthehighriskofspaceflights.

C.Toshowtheresultofwrongoperation.

D.Togiveanexampleofoverconfidence.

9.WhatdoweknowaboutintellectualhumilityaccordingtoPorter'sresearch?

A.Iturgedstudentstogainrecognition.

B.Itencouragedstudentstotakeexams.

C.Ithelpedstudentstoadjustlearningmethods.

D.Itmotivatedstudentstomemorizeknowledge.

10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“gotasubjectdownpat“meaninparagraph5?

A.Fullymasteredasubject.B.Putgreateffortintoasubject

C.Reallyenjoyedasubject.D.Benefitedalotfromasubject.

11.Whatwillprobablybediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs?

A.Whyquestioningourbeliefishard.

B.Whyintellectualhumilityishelpful.

C.Howtobecomeaconfidentperson.

D.Howtopracticeintellectualhumility.

D

Theabilitytodetectanearbypresencewithoutseeingortouchingitmaysoundfantastical

一butit'sarealabilitythatsomecreatureshave.AfamilyofAfricanfishknownasMormyrids

areweaklyelectric,andhavespecialorgansthatcanlocateanearbytarget,evenwhenit'shiding

inthemud.Scientistshavenowdevelopedanartificialsensorsystemmodelledontheabilityof

thesefish.

“Wedevelopedanewstrategyfor3Dmotionpositioningbyelectronicskin,bio-inspiredby

"electricfish',"saysDr.XingeYu,anassociateprofessorintheDepartmentofBiomedical

试卷第5页，共12页

EngineeringattheCityUniversityofHongKong.Theteamdescribedtheire-skinsensorina

paperpublishedonNovember14inNature.

Theartificialsensorismulti-layered.Onelayeractsasatransmitter（发射器），whichwill

generateanelectricfieldonceactivated,andanotherlayeractsasareceivertodetectboththe

directionandthedistancetoanobject.Aseparatecontrollercreatesthedrivingsignaltoactivate

thetransmitter.Whenanobjectcomeswithinrange,theelectricfieldaroundthesensoris

disrupted（扰舌L）,whichinturncanbedetectedbythereceiver.Thisdataisthenprocessedbya

microcontrollerunit,whichcomputesthepositionofthetargetobjectandsendsthatinformation

toasmartphoneorotherdevices.

Aspecialbiogel（生物凝胶）isusedinthesensor,whichhastheabilitytotransmitand

receiveelectricsignalsfromapatternofmicrochannelsonthesurface.Theendresultisasensor

thatisthin,softandflexible,makingitcosytoadapttoirregularsurfaces,suchasthehumanbody.

Incontrasttothetraditionalsensorsystemthatneedsalargenumberofsensorstoachievespatial

positioning,thenewsystemcanlocateanobjectpreciselyin3Dspaceusingjustafewsensors.

Thissignificantlyreducesthepowerconsumptionofdatacollection,transmission,andprocessing.

Theresearchershopethatthissensorcouldonedayopenupanewrangeofwearable

technologies,includingsensorsforhuman-machineinteractionandthin,flexiblee-skin.

12.Thefirstparagraphaimstoshow.

A.thespecialabilityofAfricanfish

B.theinspirationforanewinvention

C.thebigchallengeoflocatingobjects

D.thereasonfordevelopingasensor

13.Whatisthecorrectorderofthesystem'sworkingprocedures?

a.Thetransmittercreatesanelectricfield.

b.Aunitcomputesthepositionofthetarget,

c.Thecontrollersendstheactivatingsignal,

d.Thereceiverdetectsthechangeofelectricsignals,

e.Theelectricfieldisdisruptedbyanapproachingobject.

A.c-a-e-d-b.B.c-a-d-e-b.

C.a-c-e-d-b.D.a-e-c-d-b.

试卷第6页，共12页

14.Whatisanadvantageofthenewsensorsystem?

A.Itssensitivitytodifferentstimulations.

B.Itsadaptationtoenvironmentalchanges.

C.Itsefficiencyinachieving3Dpositioning.

D.Itsspeedindatacollectionandprocessing.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.MachineDetective"Wears"FlexibleE-skin

B.Bio-inspiredSensor^Teels^^WithoutTouching

C.E-SkinSensor:TheFutureofMachineLearning

D.ElectricFields:TheFrontierofObjectDetection

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有

两项为多余选项。

Greenroofshavebeenaroundforthousandsofyears,longbeforemodemhousingwas

developed.Fromthesimplegrass-coveredroofsabovecavestothefamousHangingGardensof

Babylon,theyremainedanimportantpartofarchitecture.16Theybringenormous

environmentalbenefitsandoffersolutionstosomepressingecologicalchallengesofourtime.

Inthedesignofagreenroof,therearekeyfactorsthatcount.Thefirststepistoinstall（安

装）aprotectivelayerovertherooftopreventwaterdamage.17Ifsessentialtochoose

high-qualitymaterials,asoncethegreenroofiscompletedandthebuildingisinuse,replacingthe

protectivelayerbecomesdifficultandexpensive.

Next,adrainage（排水）layer,whichisoftenmadeofpebblesoraspecialmat,isplacedon

top.Ithelpswaterflowofftheroofinsteadofpoolingonit.Then,agrowingmedium,likesoilor

othersimilarmaterials,isspreadoverthedrainagelayer.18

Nowit'stimetochooseplantsfortheroof.Someplantshaveshallowrootsystemsand

don'tneedmuchwater.19Sedumandchivesaregoodexamplesofsuchplants.They

arenotonlywater-efficientbuttoughandlong-lasting.

20It'simportanttothinkaboutyourbudget.Onaverage,itcosts$25to$30per

squarefoottoinstallagreenroof.Thisdoesn'tincludethecostofinstallingorrepairingthe

试卷第7页，共12页

normalroofunderneath.Andthereislabourcosttocover.Ifatraditionalroofcosts$30persquare

foot,installingagreenroofcouldeasilydoublethatexpense.

A.Thisiswheretheplantswillgrow.

B.However,greenroofscomeatahighcost.

C.Today,greenroofsaregainingmoreattention.

D.Thesefeaturesmakethemidealforgreenroofs.

E.Asaresult,theyledtothepopularityofgreenroofs.

F.Greenroofmaterialscanrangefromgrasstosolarpanels.

G.Thelayeralsostopsplantrootsgrowingintotheroofstructure.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的

最佳选项。

Ionceworkedintheremotebutbeautifulcountryside.Allfarmworkcan,inmyexperience,

apersontodevelopaSpartan（斯巴达的）spirit.

Fromtheageofeight,Ihadtocontributemyshareofalongwithmyparents

andtwoelderbrothers.Onthehottestsummerdayswhentheairflowed,Ikneltina

paddyfield（稻田）withmykneesdeepinmud.Thebugsandwormsinthewaterinto

myskin,andthesunburneduponmyback.Sweatstreameddown;ifadropraninto

theeyes,itwouldtears.SoIalwayskeptmyfaceaslowaspossible.

Itoldmyself,64BerIfmyparentsandbrotherscouldgoontakingit,socouldI._

Ipulledmyselftogetheranddraggedmyselfforward.Ilearnednottobeafraidofdifficultiesand

themeaningof“youreap（收获）whatyou:'

“Judgeamannotbyhisface,butbyhismymotherusedtosay.Theland

is,aslongasyouarewillingtoworkonit.Whenthewindblewandthericeplants

movedlikeinthesea,breathtakinglybeautiful,adeepsenseofsatisfaction

inme.

AlthoughlaterIwentintoacademicresearch,Ishallalwaysrememberwhatworkinginthe

paddyfieldstaughtme:yourfeetfirmlyontheground,nevergiveupandyouwill

试卷第8页，共12页

be.

21.A.remindB.warnC.attractD.train

22.A.wealthB.luckC.labourD.wisdom

23.A.gentlyB.hardlyC.loudlyD.usually

24.A.climbedB.bitC.cutD.fell

25.A.archedB.broadC.strongD.straightened

26.A.holdB•produceC.dropD.replace

27.A.quickB.proudC.quietD.patient

28.A.SlowlyB.SlightlyC.SafelyD.Sadly

29.A.pickB.findC.sowD.wish

30.A.fieldsB.booksC.neighboursD.clothes

31.A.affordableB.acceptableC.dependableD.livable

32.A.boatsB.weedsC.fishesD.waves

33.A.welledupB.brokeupC.cooledoffD.heldoff

34.A.dragB.kickC.plantD.lift

35.A.promotedB•educatedC.comfortedD•rewarded

第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

OnAugust5,2024,ChinesebadmintonplayerHeBingjiaowonasilvermedalattheParis

Olympics.However,36trulystoodoutwasatouchingmomentonthepodium(领奖

台).Asshereceivedhermedal,HeBingjiaoheldabadge(徽章)37(feature)the

Spanishflag,whicharousedwidespreadcuriosityonline.

Thisgesturewastoexpressrespectandcareforhersemifinalopponent,Spain'sCarolina

Marin,who38(retire)fromthematchduetoinjury.HeBingjiaoexplained,4tIbrought

theSpanishbadgebecauseMarin'ssufferingbrokemyheart.Ihopesheseesthisandwishhera

speedy39(recover).^^

Duringtheirsemifinalmatch,Marinperformedwellbut40(force)tostopafter

gettinginjured.HeBingjiaoimmediatelyreachedout,offeringsupportandcheckingonMarin,

whowas41(visible)upset.

试卷第9页，共12页

Theactrapidlymadeheadlinesaroundtheworld.TheInternationalOlympicCommittee

praisedHeBingjiao42showingtheOlympicvaluesofrespectandfriendship.Spanish

mediaalsohighlightedthe43(emotion)moment,withmanyfansapplaudingher

sportsmanship.PauGasol,thelegendarySpanishbasketballplayer,calledit44

beautifuldisplayofOlympicspirit.

HeBingjiao'sactionnotonlydemonstratedherrespectforheropponentbutalsoreflected

thetruespiritoftheOlympics-competition,45(pair)withunityandmutual(相

互的)respect.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

46.假定你是李华，你校正在为英语文学阅读室设计标识，现向学生征集意见。请你给负责

此项工作的外教Mr.Green写邮件，从以下标识中选择你最喜欢的一个，并说明理由。

却御/7

3

注意:

1.写作词数为80左右；

2.可以增加适当细节，以使行文连贯；

3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearMr.Green,

IamwritingtosharemyideasonthelogodesignforourEnglishliteraturereadingroom.

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

试卷第10页，共12页

第二节（满分25分）

47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

ThecarturnedontothefamiliarroadthatledtoGrandma'sfarm.<4Jude,thissummer

holidaywillbeagreatchanceforyoutostaywithyourgrandma,9,Dadsaidashedrove.Every

moment,weweremovingfartherawayfromthecity,theplacewhereIknewhowtodothings

right.

Thecarenginewasn'toffbeforeGrandmahuggedme.Islowlydraggedmyselfoutofthe

car."Jude,youlookunhappy.Why?”Grandmaasked.Sheactedlikenothingbadhadhappened

lasttime.CouldIaskhowmuchmoneyherneighborMr.Jacksonhadlostbecauseofmymistake?

Washestillupsetwithme?'Tmfine,^^Ianswered.turmjustmissingmycomputercamp.

ComputersaresomethingI'mgoodat.”"Thatsoundsdisappointing.^^Grandmanodded.

IlikedvisitingthefarmduringbreaksbeforeImessedthingsuplastsummer.Grandma

livedalone,andMr.Jacksonwaslikefamilytoher.ThenonedayIforgottolockthegateandlet

thegoatsintohisflowerbeds.Helostalmostallhisrosesforthefarmers5market.

Now,backatthefarm,Ifeltnervous.IwastryingtohideintheroomwhenIsawMr.

Jackson!HewasopeningthedoorandcallingGrandma."Ineedhelp!”heyelledtoher."Justa

secondforthefreshlyharvestedroses!,?Thatwaswhenhesawme.Ifeltmyhearttightenandwas

readyforhiscriticism.Ideservedit.Hehadprobablybeenwaitingfbrthismomentsincelast

summer.

However,Mr.Jacksongreetedmehappily,C6Great,Judeishere!Yourgrandmaalwaystells

usyouareawonderfullycompetent（有能力的）computerprogrammer.^^Ishookmyhead.t6Iam

notcompetent.IamsorryImessedthingsup."Hewassurprisedandcomfortedme,“Itwasan

accident.Beingcompetentdoesn'tmeanyounevermakemistakes.^^

Ilookedoutofthewindow.Therewerepilesofroseswaitingtobesold."Jude,canyou

helpus?Wewanttosellrosesonline.Wehaveacomputerandalltheparts（零件）fbrourinternet

connection,butwejustcan'tsetitup,“Grandmaasked.Nointernet.Theyseemedtoliveinthe

twentiethcentury.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

试卷第11页，共12页

MaybeIcouldbesomeonewhowasreallycompetent.

Withinafewhours,ordersforrosesfloodedin.

试卷第12页，共12页

1.A2.C3.B

【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了鲍林格林州立大学的夏令营，高中生可以在那里

探索海上生活。

1.细节理解题。根据“Whatkindsofactivitiesdocampersgettodo?（营员们可以参加哪些活

动？）"部分中"Hands-onactivitiestopracticespecimen（标本）collectionprocedures（实践标本收

集程序），，可知，该夏令营提供标本收集练习，故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据“Whatdoesthecostcover?（费用包括什么？）“部分中"Thecostofthe

non-residentialprogramis$850,withanadditional$400feefortheresidentialoption.Thetotal

programcostcoversroomandboard,allmaterialsforlabsandactivitiesaswellastransportation

forfieldtrips.A10%discountisavailableforearlyadmission.（非住宿项目的费用为850美元，

住宿项目的额外费用为400美元。项目总费用包括食宿费、实验室和活动的所有材料以及实

地考察的交通费。提前加入可享受九折优惠）”可知，住宿项目总费用为850+400=1250美元，

提前加入可以享受九折优惠，即1250x90%=1125美元，故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据“ApplicationRequirements（申请要求）“部分中"Note:Answerstoquestions

providedbyanyoneotherthanthatapplicantwilldisqualifytheapplication.（注：由申请人以外的

人提供的问题的答案将取消申请资格）”可知，提供别人给出的答案会导致申请人被取消资格,

故选B。

4.D5.C6.B7.D

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了科幻小说之父之一JulesVerne及其作品。

4.细节理解题。根据第二段"Hedescribedthe'phonotelephone'whichsentsoundandimages

overgreatdistances.Themaincharacter,FritzNapoleonSmith,isabletoeasilycommunicatevia

thistechnologywithhiswifeonanothercontinent（他描述了可以远距离传送声音和图像的，电

话机，。主人公FritzNapoleonSmith能够通过这种技术轻松地与他在另一个大陆的妻子交流）”

和第三段中“Mr.Smithwasabledistinctlytoseehiswifedespitethedistancethatseparatedhim

fromher...Mrs.Smithimmediatelyappearedonthetelephoticscreen,withherfeaturessmiling

andhereyesmoist（潮湿的）withtears.（Smith先生能够清楚地看到他的妻子，尽管他和她相隔

很远……Smimth夫人立即出现在长焦屏幕上，脸上带着微笑，眼里含着泪水）”可知，Smith

和妻子交流时使用可以远距离传送声音和图像的“电话机”，妻子的脸会出现在屏幕上，所以

Smith是通过即时视频聊天和妻子联系，故选D。

5.细节理解题。根据第四段中“Unlikeotherwritersofhisdaywhopennedmorefancifulor

答案第1页，共11页

supernaturalstories,Verneaimedforrealisminhisfuturisticvisions,alwaysbasingthemon

cutting-edgescienceandhisownextensiveresearch.Thislaidthefoundationforthe"hardscience

fiction5ofthe20thcenturyandbeyond.（与同时代的其他作家写更多的幻想或超自然的故事不

同，Verne在他的未来愿景中追求现实主义，总是基于前沿科学和他自己的广泛研究。这为

20世纪及以后的，硬科幻小说，奠定了基础广可知，“硬科幻小说”以最新的研究结果为基础，

故选C。

6.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中"Manyofhisstoriesfeatureabrilliantbutmadscientist

whoseinventionsultimatelybringmoreharmthangood.CaptainNemoin20,000LeaguesUnder

theSeauseshissubmarine（潜艇）toviolentlyattackships.ForVernehumannaturedetermined

whethertechnologywouldbeaforceforgoodorasourceofdestruction.（他的许多故事者B描写了

一位才华横溢但疯狂的科学家，他的发明最终带来的坏处大于好处。在《海底两万里》中，

尼莫船长使用他的潜艇猛烈攻击船只。Verne认为，人类的本性决定了技术是善的力量还是

毁灭的源泉）”可知，Verne描写尼莫船长使用他的潜艇猛烈攻击船只，这是描写科技带来的

坏处，推知他意识到了科技的危险，故选B。

7.推理判断题o根据第一段中“healsopredictedover1OOmodem-dayinventionsand

technologiesinhiswriting（他还在他的作品中预言了100多种现代发明和技术）”和第四段中

“Verne'stechnically-groundedadventuretalesrepresentedanewapproachtoimaginingthefuture

throughfiction.（Verne以技术为基础的冒险故事代表了一种通过小说想象未来的新方法）”可

知，Verne的作品预言了100多种现代发明和技术，以技术为基础想象未来世界，故他具有

前瞻性思维，故选D。

8.D9.C10.A11.D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家的研究，通过具体研究案例，来说明智力

谦逊如何帮助人们更好地学习和调整学习策略。

8.推理判断题。根据第二段第二至第四句"Hefoundoverconfidenceisverycommon,especially

whenitcomestowhatpeoplebelievetobetrue,andcanleadustodisastrousdecisions.In1986,

NASAbelievedthattheriskoflossforanyspaceflightwasroughly1in100,000.Itwasan

overconfidentbeliefandmighthaveledtotheexplosionoftheChallenger.（他发现过度自信非

常普遍，尤其是在人们认为某件事情正确时，这种过度自信可能会导致灾难性的决策。1986

年，NASA认为每次太空飞行发生损失的风险大约是1/100,000。这种过度自信的信念可能

引发了“挑战者号”的爆炸）”可知，作者先介绍了科学家发现过度自信可能导致严重后果，之

答案第2页，共11页

后提及1986年这起灾难。由此推知，提及“挑战者号”爆炸是说明过度自信会导致灾难的一

个例子。故选D项。

9.细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句"Shefoundthatstudentswithintellectualhumilitywere

muchmorelikelytotestthemselvestoseewhethertheyreallyunderstoodthematerialandseek

outpotentialholesintheirunderstanding.Whentheygottestscores,they'dchangetheirstudy

strategicstoimprovetheirperformanceandmasterthematerialforthenexttest.（她发现，智力谦

逊的学生更有可能去检验自己是否真正理解了学习材料，并寻找自己理解上的漏洞。当他们

看到考试成绩时，他们会调整学习策略，以提高学习表现，并掌握好材料为下一次考试做准

备）”可知，智力谦逊这种特质会使学生及时反思自己的学习，相应调整学习方法。故选C项。

10.词句猜测题。根据第五段第二句"Suchstudentsthoughttheygotasubjectdownpat,but

whenaskedtoexplainitonatest,theyfoundtheydidn'tactuallyunderstandasmuchastheyhad

thought.（这些学生以为自己对某个科目Motdownpat,但在考试中被要求解释时，他们发现

自己的理解并没有自己想象的那么多）”可知，学生们在考试之前应是对自己比较自信，认为

自己对该相关知识十分了解，或已经全会了，但到考场答题时，才发现自己会的不如原本所

认为的那么多。由此可知，gotasubjectdownpat应是“对某科目了解很多"或“对某科目完全

掌握”之意。故选A项。

11.推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Thegoo