退役锂离子电池回收与资源化技术研究

退役锂离子电池回收与资源化技术Recycling

ofspentlithium-ionbateries:

a

review

ofcurrent

processes

andtechnologies1行业发展与研究背景锂离子电池回收与再生技术北理工课题组电池回收最新进展总结与展望3CategoriesMaterialsPropertiesPotentialenvironmental

pollutionCathodematerialLiCoO2/LiMn2O4/LiNiO2/LiNiCoMnO2Reactswithwater,acids,

reducingagentsorstrong

oxidizingagents(hydrogen

peroxide,chlorate,

etc.)

to

produce

harmful

metaloxides.Heavy

metal

pollution

raisesthe

environmental

pHAnode

materialCarbon

material/graphite,

lithium

intercalationincaseoffireorhigh

temperature,

dust

can

explodeand

reactwithstrongacidand

strong

alkali

to

producegasessuch

as

CO

and

CO2

.TheCO

andsolid

dust

particlesproduced

bythecombustionofthe

anode

materialcontaminatetheair.ElectrolyteLiPF6/LiBF4/LiAsF6It

is

highlycorrosiveandcan

produce

HF

whenexposedtowater,andcan

be

oxidizedto

producetoxic

substances

such

as

P2O5

,

Li2O,

B2O3Fluorine

pollutionchangesthe

pHof

theenvironment,andthe

toxic

gas

generated

pollutestheairandstimulatesthe

human

bodythrough

theskin

and

breathing.ElectrolytesolventEthylenecarbonate/Propylenecarbonate/DimethylcarbonateThe

hydrolyzate

producesaldehydesandacids,whichcan

produce

CO,

CO2

,etc.Organic

mattersuchasaldehydes,

ketones,and

methanolSeparatorPP/PECombustioncan

produceCO,aldehyde,

etc.Organic

pollutionBinderPVDF

、VDF

、EPDItcan

reactwithfluorine,fumingsulfuric

acid,

strong

alkali,alkali

metal,anddecompose

by

heat

toproduce

HF.Thermaldecomposition

produces

HF

andfluorine

pollution退役锂离子电池安全处置将面临严重挑战我国政府部门高度重视动力蓄电池回收利用管理工作，从2012年开始即制定了汽车动

力蓄电池回收利用的相关政策，之后各相关部委陆续出台多项相关政策scale/costpurity67892014年~2019年

国家重点基础研究计划973计划2008年~2013年

国家重点基础研究计划2002年~2008年

国家重点基础研究计划国际期刊论文

136篇国内外邀请报告

110次

国家发明专利

23项退役动力电池绿色回收技术与资源化再生1999年~2002年

国家高技术863计划国家863计划973计划973计划1112Diagrammatic

sketch

of

reaction

mechanism

Possible

structures

of

the

reaction

products131617I.梯次利用——

Howtoreusetheseremaining

powerfor

a

power

battery

that

also

has

80%

power.II.安全拆解——Avoidsafetyaccidentssuchasfire

and

explosion,

and

at

the

sametimetakeintoaccountautomation

efficiency

issues.III.材料纯度——Getgoodimpurityremoval

effect

by

simple

method

IV.

二次污染——Avoidtoxicandharmfulgasesandwaste

liquids,etc.V.复杂材料——The

diversity

of

cathode

materials

makes

recovery

difficult,

lessrecoveryforthenegativeelectrodeand

electrolyteVI.

环境经济效应——Effectivelyimprovetheeconomicsandreflectingtheenvironmental