个体的差异与相对职业应付中英文

个体差异和相对职业应付

Individual-Difference

VariablesandCareer-RelatedCoping

DEBUSEROTONDO

DepartmentofManagement

SalisburyStateUniversityTheJournalofSocialPsychologyVol.139No.4,August1999引言组织精简和重组的影响生涯平台人力资源的主要挑战研究主题TheeffectsofdownsizingandrestructuringAcareerplateauThemajorhuman-resourcechallengeMyresearchcenter应付职业平台

CopingWithaCareerPlateau介绍相对生涯应付策略个体差异变量假设IntroductionCareer-RelatedCopingStrategiesIndividual-DifferenceVariableHypothesis介绍职业压力已经做过的研究应付是什么？常用模式CareerStressTheresearchbeingdoneWhatisCopingThepatternrecognizedbyElsassandRaslton相对生涯应付策略

Career-RelatedCopingStrategies积极策略问题中心情感中心消极策略PositiveStrategiesproblem-focusedemotionfocusednegative问题中心

problem-focused什么是问题中心应付问题中心横向转移新工作作为导师成为功能或技术专家在团队中工作WhatisProblem-focusedCopingProblem-focusedlateraltransfersnewjobdutiesMentorsTechnicalexpertsWorkonspecialprojectsorteams情感中心

emotionfocused什么是情感中心情感中心社会支持事业重估WhatisemotionfocusedEmotionfocusedsocialsupportingreappraisal消极策略

negativestrategies情感中心消极策略抱怨组织和管理者降低工作质量和数量使用酒精和药品离开AllemotionfocusedNegativestrategiesblamingtheorganizationReducingthequalityorquantityofthetheirworkUseofalcoholordrugsLeavetheorganization个体差异变量

Individual-DifferenceVariables成就感工作态度消极情感年龄工龄性别种族NeedforachievementJobinvolvementNegativeaffectivityAgeTenureGenderRace假设

hypothesis假设1成就感假设2工作态度假设3消极情感假设4年龄和工龄Hypothesis1needforachievementHypothesis2jobinvolvementHypotheses3negativeaffectivityHypotheses4ageandtenure假设1

hypothesis1什么是成就感成就感与积极策略正相关，与消极策略负相关。NeedforachievementHighneedforachievementwillbeassociatedwiththeuseofpositivestrategiesandnegativelyassociatedwiththeuseofnegativestrategies假设2

hypothesis2工作态度工作态度与积极策略正相关，与消极策略负相关JobinvolvementHighjobinvolvementwillbepositivelyassociatedwiththeuseofpositivestrategiesandnegativelyassociatedwiththeuseofnegativestrategies假设3

hypothesis3消极情感消极情感与积极策略负相关，与消极策略负相关。Negativeaffectivity(NA)NAwillbenegativelyassociatedwiththeuseofpositivestrategiesandpositivelyassociatedwiththeuseofnegativestrategies假设4

hypothesis4年龄和工龄雇员的年龄和工龄与积极政策正相关，与消极政策负相关。AgeandtenureEmployageandtenurewillbepositivelyassociatedwiththepositivestrategiesandnegativelyassociatedwiththenegativestrategies总结目标SummaryThegoalofmyresearch方法

Method参与者测量分析方法

回归分析ParticipantsMeasuresRegressionanalysis参与者

participants水处理设备公司450-224-120Perceptionmeasures我想我处于生涯平台性别，种族比例Water-treatmentfacility450-224-120PerceptionmeasuresIbelieveIhavereachedacareerplateauTheproportionofgenderandrace测量

measure成就感工作态度消极情感年龄和工龄个体差异和应付策略NeedforachievementJobinvolvementNegativeaffectivityAgeandtenureCopingstrategies成就感

needforachievement量表5个问题，7维样题

我采取适度冒险，并且总是瞄准工作以备进步。相关系数A5-itemscaleA7-pointLiken-typescaleofagreementAsampleitemItakemoderaterisksandstickmyneckoutatworktogetahead.Coefficientalpha工作态度

jobinvolvement量表3个问题，7维样题我以工作为生命。相关系数3-itemscale7-pointagreementscaleAsampleitemIlive,eat,andbreathemyjob.Coefficientalpha消极情感

negativeaffectivity量表21个问题，7维样题一次尴尬经历可以让我焦虑好几天。相关系数21-itemscale7-pointagreementscaleAsampleexamAfteranembarrassingexperience,Iworriedaboutitfordays.Coefficientalpha年龄和工龄

ageandtenure年龄从22岁到65岁工龄从一年到25年AgeFrom22to65yearsTenureFrom1to25years应付策略

copingstrategies四维量表完全不同意到完全同意样题A4-pointscaleFromnottrueatalltocompletelytrueSampleitems样题

sampleitems我做横向转移我向同事，朋友，家人诉说工作进展。我决定不再那么看重晋升的事情。Ihavetakenalateraltransfer.Ihavetalkedwithfriendsaboutmycareerprogress.Ihavedecidedtomakepromotionlessofapriorityinmylife结果

results表一表明了在该研究中所有变量的相关系数。Table1representsthecorrelationbetweenallofthevariablesinthisstudy.表二表明个体差异与积极策略之间的关系。Table2containstheresultsoftheregressionanalyses,testingtheassociationsbetweentheindividual-differencevariablesandthe7positivecopingstrategies.表三表明个体差异与消极策略之间的关系。Table3presentsthesameanalysesforthe6negativecopingstrategies.总结

假设1得到了强烈支持，成就感高的人，明显使用积极策略多余消极策略。Hypothesis1receivedgoodsupportinthatneedforachievementwassignificantlyassociatedwiththeuseofmorepositiveandlessnegativestrategies.假设2在工作态度方面得到了比较模糊的支持。Hypothesis2receivedverymarginalsupportinthatjobinvolvement.假设3在消极情感方面的到了较好的支持，消极情感高的人更多的使用消极策略而不是积极策略。(除了更多的使用对工作的重估）Negativeaffectivewasassociatedwithlessuseofpositivestrategiesandgreateruseofnegativestrategies(theexceptionbeinggreateruseofreappraisal).对于假设4的有限支持年龄和工龄Ifoundlimitedsupportforhypothesis4.Ageandtenure

讨论成就感结论作用讨论工作态度不是一个非常有用的变量两个情感因素作用讨论Notausefulpersonalityvariableinthecontextofthecopingstrategies.Thetwosstrategiesareemotionfocusedinnature.讨论消极情感有用变量建议关于重估策略BeusefuldataSuggestionThevalueofreappraisalasapositivecopingstrategiesmaybeinquestionforplateauedemployees.讨论年龄和工龄原因结果讨论谢谢PPT制作：赵树贤9、春去春又回，新桃换旧符。在那桃花盛开的地方，在这醉人芬芳的季节，愿你生活像春天一样阳光，心情像桃花一样美丽，日子像桃子一样甜蜜。4月-254月-25Wednesday,April9,202510、人的志向通常和他们的能力成正比例。23:10:3423:10:3423:104/9/202511:10:34PM11、夫学须志也，才须学也，非学无以广才，非志无以成学。4月-2523:10:3423:10Apr-2509-Apr-2512、越是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。23:10:3423:10:3423:10We