2024-2025学年上海市曹杨二中高三5月阶段性检测试题英语试题含解析

2024-2025学年上海市曹杨二中高三5月阶段性检测试题英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Kunmingiscalled“SpringCity”,butit_____snowinwinter.A．shall B．can C．must D．might2．Allwehaveis24precioushoursadayandthereforeweshallwaste______A．nothingB．noneC．neitherD．noone3．Thisbookissaidtobeaspecialone,asit____manyeventsnotfoundinotherhistorybooks.A．writes B．prints C．covers D．reads4．ThatAmericanshavenohistorywhileChinesehavenofuturesounds________;ithasraisedathoughtprovokingquestion,though.A．artificialB．arbitraryC．allergicD．reluctant5．Thechildrenwrotemagicalstoriestogether,_____imaginaryworldsofromanticandmilitaryadventure.A．tospin B．spinningC．havingspun D．tohavespun6．—Whatwasitthatcausedthepartytobeputoff?—________theinvitations.A．BecauseTomdelayedsendingB．TomdelayedtosendC．ThatTomdelayedsendingD．Tomdelayedsending7．Tomakeabreakthroughinhisscientificresearch,thescientisthasbeenmakinga(n)_____amountofeffort.A．modestB．miserableC．optionalD．tremendous8．—Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?—Thetrees________well,butIdidn’twaterthem.A．mightgrow B．needn’thavegrownC．wouldhavegrown D．wouldgrow9．Localslivedinrather________conditionsuntilthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinain1949.A．precious B．primitiveC．precise D．prior10．Itwasthenaturaldisaster,ratherthanhumanerrors,that________forthedeathofsomanyinnocentpeople.A．areblamed B．wastoblame C．wasblamed D．weretoblame11．Thankstoherdeterminationandperseveranceonthepianolesson,shehasa______graspofthesubject.A．comprehensive B．confidentialC．conservative D．compulsory12．Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelp________youyearahead.A．sharpen B．switchC．stretch D．shape13．Ifoundmycomputerfunctioningmuchbetter,________anewoperatingsystem.A．toinstall B．installingC．havinginstalled D．installed14．Theinnerstrengthofthegirlallowsher_____goingwhenshegetsintotrouble.A．keepB．keepingC．tokeepD．kept15．E-shopping,whenproperly_____,cansaveusalotoftimeandenergy.A．done B．doing C．todo D．isdone16．_____tomanagetimewisely,andyoucanmakethemostoutofeachday.A．LearningB．TolearnC．LearnedD．Learn17．StarskaterWuDajingwonChina’sfirstgoldmedalatthe2018PyeongChangOlympicWinterGamesbreakingworldrecordinshorttrackmen’s500m.A．toB．byC．withD．in18．Betweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirage,_________theireducationthatcausesmisunderstanding.A．likeB．asC．orD．but19．TheexchangestudentfromKenyaoftenshareswithusthenewsofhiscountryand____ofhisneighbouringcountries.A．those B．that C．it D．theone20．—Whatapity!Youmissedmybirthdayparty.—Terriblysorry!___________myunclenotvisitedmeunexpectedly.A．Should B．WouldC．Had D．Did第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）“OneofthereasonIfindthistopicveryinterestingisbecausemymomwasasmokerwhenIwasyounger,”saysLindson-Hawley,whostudiestobaccoandhealthattheUniversityofOxford.Bystudyingabout700adultsmokers,shefoundoutthatmomquittherightway-bystoppingabruptlyandcompletely.InherStudy,participantswererandomly(随机地)assignedtotwogroups.Onehadtoquitabruptlyonagivenday,goingfromaboutapackadaytozero.Theothercutdowngraduallyoverthecourseoftwoweeks.Peopleinbothgroupsusednicotinereplacement,likegumorspray.Theyalsohadtalktherapy(疗法)withanursebeforeandafterquitday.Sixmonthslater,morepeoplewhohadquitabruptlyhadstuckwithit--morethanone-fifthofthem,comparedtoaboutone-seventhintheothergroup.Althoughthesenumbersappearlow,itismuchhigherthanifpeopletrywithoutsupport.Andthequitrateswereparticularlyconvincinggiventhatbeforethestudystarted,mostofthepeoplehadsaidthey’drathercutdowngraduallybeforequitting.“Ifyou’retrainingforamarathon,youwouldn’texpecttoturnupandjustbeabletorunit.AndIthinkpeopleseethatforsmokingaswell.Theythink,‘Well,ifIgraduallyreduce,it’slikepractice,’”saysLindson-Hawley.Butthatwasn’tthecase.Insteadofgivingpeoplepractice,thegradualreductionlikelygavethemaddictionandwithdrawalsymptoms(脱瘾症状)beforetheyevenreachedtheday,whichcouldbewhyfewerpeopleinthatgroupactuallymadeittothatpoint.“Regardlessofyourstatedpreference,ifyou’rereadytoquit,quittingabruptlyismoreeffective,”saysDr.GabrielaFerreira.“Whenyoucanquoteaspecificnumberlikeafifthofthepatientswereabletoquit,that’sacceptable.Itgivesthemtheencouragement,Ithink,toreallygoforit,”Ferreirasays.Peoplerarelymanagetoquitthefirsttimetheytry.Butatleast,shesays,theycanmaximizetheoddsofsuccess.1、WhatdoseLindson-Hawleysayabouthermother?A．Shequitsmokingwithherdaughter’shelpB．ShewasalsoaresearcheroftobaccoandhealthC．ShestudiedthesmokingpatternsofadultsmokersD．Shesucceededinquittingsmokingabruptly2、WhatkindofsupportdidsmokersreceivetoquitsmokinginLindson-Hawley’sstudy?A．TheyweregivenphysicaltrainingB．TheywereofferednicotinereplacementC．TheywereencouragedbypsychologistD．Theywerelookedafterbyphysicians3、HowdoesDr.GabrielaFerreiraviewtheresultofLindson-Hawley’sexperiment?A．ItisencouragingB．ItisunexpectedC．ItisimpracticalD．Itismisleading4、Taketheideaof“amarathon”(Para.5)asanexampletoshowthatquittingsmoking.A．issomethingfewcanaccomplishB．requiresalotofpatienceC．needssomepracticefirstD．isachallengeatthebeginning22．（8分）“Educationalresearchers,politicalscientistsandeconomistsareincreasinglyinterestedinthecharacteristicsandskillsthatparents,teachersandschoolsshouldfosterinchildrentoincreasechancesofsuccesslaterinlife,”saidleadauthorMarionSpengler,PhDoftheUniversityofTubingen.”Ourresearchfoundthatspecificbehaviorsinhighschoolhavelong-lastingeffectsforone’slaterlife.”Spenglerandherco-authorsanalyzeddatacollectedbytheAmericanInstitutesforResearchfrom346,660U.S.highschoolstudentsin1960,alongwithfollow-updatafrom81,912ofthosestudents11yearslaterand1,952ofthem50yearslater.Theinitialhighschoolphasemeasuredavarietyofstudentbehaviorsandattitudesaswellaspersonalitycharacteristics,cognitiveabilities,parentalsocioeconomicstatusanddemographic(人口统计的)factors.Thefollow-upsurveysmeasuredoveralleducationalattainment,incomeandoccupationalprestige(声望).Beingaresponsiblestudent,showinganinterestinschoolandhavingfewerproblemswithreadingandwritingwereallsignificantlyassociatedwithgreatereducationalattainmentandfindingamoreprestigiousjobboth11yearsand50yearsafterhighschool.Thesefactorswerealsoallassociatedwithhigherincomeatthe50-yearmark.Mosteffectsremainedevenwhenresearcherscontrolledparentalsocioeconomicstatus,cognitiveaibilityandotherbroadpersonalitycharacteristicssuchasconscientiousness.Whilethefindingsweren’tnecessarilysurprising,Spenglernotedhowreliablyspecificbehaviorspeopleshowedinschoolwereabletopredictlatersuccess.Furtheranalysisofthedatasuggestedthatmuchoftheeffectcouldbeexplainedbyoveralleducationalachievements,accordingtoSpengler.“Studentcharacteristicsandbehaviorswererewardedinhighschoolandledtohighereducationalattainment,whichinturnwasrelatedtogreateroccupationalprestigeandincomelaterinlife,”shesaid.“Thisstudyhighlightsthepossibilitythatcertainbehaviorsatcrucialperiodscouldhavelong-termconsequencesforaperson’slife.”1、What’sthefindingofMarionSpengler’sresearch?A．Teachersplayadecisiveroleinstudents’latersuccessB．PersonalitycharacteristicsaremoreimportantthanacademicperformancesC．HighereducationalattainmenthaslittletodowithoccupationalprestigeD．Behaviorsinthehighschoolshouldbehighlystressed.2、WhichisTRUEabouttheresearch?A．TheresearchwasconductedamongtotallydifferentpeopleduringdifferentperiodsB．Theresearchwasbasedonthedatacollectedfrom1960to2010C．Morepeoplewereinvolvedinthefollow-upsurveysD．Theinitialhighschoolphasemeasuredattitudesonly3、Whatislikelytocontributetolatersuccessaccordingtotheresearch?A．ParentalsocioeconomicstatusB．OveralleducationalachievementsC．CognitiveabilityD．Hardwork4、Whydidtheresearcherscontrolsomefactorslikeparentalsocioeconomicstatus?A．ToavoidthepreviousmistakesB．TohighlighttheeffectsofcertainspecificbehaviorsC．TodrawanimmediateconclusionD．Tohidsomenegativefindings23．（8分）Weknowthatprescriptiondrugscanbecostlyandwe’reheretohelp.Over60,000independentandmajorretailpharmacies(零售药房)nationwideaccepttheSimpleSavingsCard.Findonenearyou.•Simplydownloadafreecardfromoursiteorchoosetohaveonemaileddirectlytoyou.Theprocessissimpleand,becauseit’snotinsurance,everyoneiseligible—there’snoqualificationprocess.•PrintyourSimpleSavingsCardandsignit.Nowit’sreadytouse.•Presentyourcardwithyournextprescriptionpurchaseandsaveupto6000!Storeyourcardanduseitforeachprescriptionpurchase.Becauseofoursizeandrelationshipswithinthepharmaceuticalindustry,weareabletonegotiatelowerpricesonyourbehalf.Wegetpaidbythepharmaceuticalcompanieswhenyouuseyourcard-allwhileyousavemoney.PleasenotethatyoucannotusebothyourinsurancecardandtheSimpleSavingsCardatthesametime.Ifyouhaveaninsuranceplanthatcoverstheprescriptionyouarepurchasing,werecommendyouuseyourinsuranceplanfirst.Ifyoudon’thaveinsuranceorifthedrugyouarepurchasingisnotcoveredbyyourinsuranceplan,youcanuseyourSimpleSavingsCard.Youarejuststepsawayfromunlockinggreatsavingsonyourprescriptiondrugs.SimplycompletetheformtoobtainyourFREESimpleSavingsCard.Or,youmayrequestacardbyphone.Tospeaktooneofourhelpfulteammembers,callusat800-451-0133.1、88．Thedetailsgivenonthisformmainlytellus________.A．howtheCardworks.B．howtheCarddiscounts.C．howtheCardcanbefree.D．howtheCardispurchased.2、90．WhichofthefollowingisadvisedtousetheCard?A．Theonewhohasnoinsuranceplan.B．Theonewhocanfindpharmaciesnearhim.C．Theonewhohasawideinsurancecoverage.D．Theonewhowantstousethecardwithhisinsurance.3、92．WhichistrueabouttheSimpleSavingsCard?A．Itishealthinsurance.B．Itisadiscountprogram.C．Itcanbeusedwithinsurancecar.D．Itisacceptedinhospitals.24．（8分）It’s3o’clockandyou’vebeenhardatwork.Asyousitatyourdesk,astrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakeitgoaway.Butitdoesn’t.Hereisanothersituation.Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup,likeyourmomusedtomakewhenyouweresickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.ScientistsatthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimpleconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallitsimply“stomachhunger.”Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefoodwehaveeaten,ahormone(荷尔蒙)sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood,whichregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst,hungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetiteandyoueat.Hungerisafunctionofsurvival.Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivates(使活跃)brainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.So,somescientistscallfoodcravings“mindhunger.”Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar.Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarproducechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.Ina2007study,researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthat“dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcraving.”So,themoreyoudenyyourselfafoodthatyouwant,themoreyoumaycraveit.However,fastingisabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiodoftimelessenedfoodcravings.So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.1、Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Toremindreadersoftheirownspecialfood.B．Todeepentheunderstandingofhunger.C．Toreportthediscoveryofcravingstudy.D．Toleadtothetopicofthewholepassage.2、Whatdowelearnaboutfoodcraving?A．Itshowsfoodislinkedtofeelings.B．Itensuresapersonsurviveshunger.C．Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell.D．Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite.3、What’sthelikelyresultofdieting?A．Thedecreaseofchemicals.B．Theincreaseoffooddesire.C．Therefusaloffatandsugar.D．Thedisappearanceofappetite.4、Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A．Thefunctionsofbrainareas.B．Whathungerisallabout.C．Thefindingsoffoodcraving.D．Whatdietingmaybringus.25．（10分）Ireadanewspaperarticleaboutanewconcept.Theideaissimple,butrevolutionary(革命性的):combiningaresidentialhomefortheelderlywithanurseryschoolinthesamebuilding.Thechildrenandtheresidents(住户)eatlunchtogetherandshareactivitiessuchasmusic,paintingandgardening.Intheafternoons,theresidentsenjoyreadingstoriestothechildrenand,ifachildisfeelingsadortired,thereisalwaysakindlaptositonandahug.Nowadaysthereislessandlesscontactbetweentheoldandtheyoung.Therearemanyreasonsforthis,includingthebreakdownoftheextendedfamily,workingparentswithnotimetocareforageingrelations,andsmallerflatswithnoroomforgrandparents.Buttheresultisthesame:increasingnumbersofchildrenwithoutgrandparentsandoldpeoplewhohavenocontactwithchildren.It’samajorprobleminmanysocieties.That’swhyinter-generational(代际的)programsaregrowinginpopularityallovertheworld.Thereareexamplesofsuccessfulactionsallovertheworld.UsingyoungpeopletoteachITskillstoolderpeopleisoneobviousexample.Usingoldpeopleasvolunteerassistantsinschoolsisanother.OnesuccessfulschemeinLondonpairsyoungvolunteerswitholdpeoplewhoarelosingtheirsight.Theyoungpeoplehelpwithpracticalthingssuchaswritingletters,readingbankstatementsandhelpingwithshopping,andtheolderpeoplecanpassontheirknowledgeandexperiencetotheiryoungvisitors.Forexample,aretiredjudgemaybepairedwithateenagerwhowantstostudylaw.Butitisn’tonlytheindividualsconcernedwhogainfrominter-generationalactivities.Theadvantagestosocietyarehugetoo.Ifolderpeoplecanunderstandandaccepttheyouthoftoday,therewillbelessconflictinacommunity.Andwecanusethestrengthsofonegenerationtohelpanother.Thenperhapsgettingoldwon’tbesosadafterall.1、Whydoestheauthormentionthenewspaperarticleheread?A．Toargueforanewconcept.B．Toshowhisinterestinthetopic.C．Tointroducethetopicofthetext.D．Todrawourattentiontoasocialproblem.2、Whatisthepurposeoftheinter-generationalprograms?A．Toprovideagoodjobopportunityfortheyoung.B．Tobringtheoldandtheyoungtogether.C．Toteachtheyoungtorespecttheold.D．Toasktheoldtocarefortheyoung.3、WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thereasonswhyinter-generationalprogramsenjoypopularityintheworld.B．Theinter-generationalprograms’benefitstoindividuals.C．Theinter-generationalprogramsallovertheworld.D．Theexamplesofinter-generationalactivities.4、Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．Buildingbridgesfortheoldandtheyoung.B．Anewconceptincaringfortheoldisborn.C．Offeringawarmhomefortheyoung.D．Beingoldisnomoresad.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Inourlife,wewillhavealotoftimetofeellow.Ifthere’sonethingthatruinsus,which48usfromdoingwhatwe’re49capableofandpreventsusfromachievingourdreams,itisfearof50.Manyofusgothroughourlivesneverknowingwhatwecouldhavedoneandwhathasoftenbeenheardisthatifonlywehadn’tgivenupour51.Whatifyouhadgivenupon52totalk,walk,read,rideabike,oranyotherachievementsbeforeyouwereevenfiveyearsold?How53wouldyourlifehaveturnedoutifyou’dgivenupinsteadof54withthem?Now,howdifferenthasyourlifebeenbecauseofthegoalsyougaveup?Becauseyouwereafraidthatyouwouldfail,howmanyexperiencesandopportunitieshaveyou55outonbecauseyoucouldn’tgetpastthatinvisiblebarrieroffear!?1、A．increases B．stops C．inspires D．helps2、A．truly B．hardly C．honestly D．easily3、A．death B．trouble C．sorrow D．failure4、A．plans B.jobs C．dreams D．lives5、A．trying B．learning C．practicing D．studying6、A．strange B．poorC．successful D．different7、A．playing B．covering C．sticking D．moving8、A．missed B．picked C．taken D．looked第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）AlmosteveryoneintheworldhasfriendsFriendsarefoundanywhere,atanytimeSomeofourfriendscanbesimilartous,andsomeofthemcanhavemany1．(distinct)insomewaysRegardlessoftheirsimilaritiesordifferences,2．makesgreatdifferencetohavefriendsHavingfriendswhoaresimilartouscanbe3．(benefit),becausewecanenjoythingstogether,suchasgoingtoclubs4．tothemoviesInaddition,wecanshareouropinionswithourfriends5．,havingfriendswhoaredifferentfromuswouldalsohavesomeadvantagesTheyareabletointroduceustonewanddifferentthings;therefore,we’reprovided6．(expect)experiencesinlifeFurthermore,theycouldprovideus7．adifferentviewonacertainmatterAsforme,Iprefertochoosefriendssimilarto8．(I)Ifeelthatfriendshipbetweenuswillbesmootherand9．(enjoy)However,Ineverrefuseafriendship10．(offer)byafriendwhoisdifferentfromme第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线（），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词;2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Alexander

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参考答案第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1、B2、B3、C4、B5、B6、C7、D8、C9、B10、B11、A12、D13、C14、C15、A16、D17、B18、C19、B20、C第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。2