Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 单词选择性必修第三册

XB3Unit4单词解析&文章解析1.heritagen.遗产aworldheritagesite,cultural/historicalheritage2.awe

vt.使惊叹，使敬畏

n.敬畏，惊叹awesomeadj.令人惊叹的，使人惊惧的，很困难的；很好的awfuladj.很坏的，极讨厌的；非常的beawedby...对……感到惊叹/敬佩/敬畏inawe敬畏地inaweofsb.敬畏某人3.civilization

(also

civilisation

)n．文明；社会文明；文明社会，文明世界civil

adj.国民的；国家的；民事的、civilizevt.教化，使文明civilizedadj.文明的；开化的；有礼貌的theancientcivilizationthemoderncivilizationChinesecivilization古代文明

现代文明

中华文明4.preserve

vt.维护，保护，保存；维持preservation

n.维护，保护，保存；维持preserve...from(doing)sth.保护……免受……well-preservedadj.保存良好的5.urgent

adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的urgevt.敦促；极力主张；驱走；鞭策

n.强烈的欲望；冲动；迫切的要求urgentlyadv.紧急地urgencyn.紧急；催促；紧急的事inurgentneedof...急需……urgesb.todosth.敦促/力劝某人做某事haveanurgetodosth.渴望做某事6.weardown(使)磨损，（使）逐渐磨平wearandtear(正常使用造成的)磨损wearout穿破，磨损；(使)疲乏，(使)厌倦Sth.wearsdown.某物磨损/磨平。7.pyramidn.金字塔8.ruin

vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭

n.毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁inruins严重受损；破败不堪；崩溃，垮掉bereducedtoruins沦为废墟9.incredible

adj.极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的→incredibly

adv.极其；难以置信地10.clayn.黏土，陶土11.sculpture

n.雕像，雕塑品；雕刻术12.missilen.导弹13.violencen．暴力，暴行；狂热，激情violentlyadv.粗暴地，强烈地violentadj.暴力的，粗暴的；强烈的，猛烈的14.conflictn．(军事)冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致vi.冲突，抵触comeintoconflictwith与……产生矛盾inconflictwith与……矛盾conflictwith与……矛盾/冲突15.statusn.身份，地位；状况，情形16.internaladj.内部的；国内的反义词：externaladj.外部的；国外的17.outcomen.结果，效果18.reefn.礁，礁脉19.coraln.珊瑚adj.珊瑚色20.ecology派生词：ecologicaladj.生态学的

生态的,ecologistn.生态学家21.agendaatthetopoftheagenda当务之急21.nail名词动词化：(用钉子)钉/固定22.paneln.专家咨询组，讨论小组；嵌板；仪表盘23.specialistn.专家；专科医生adj.专业的近义词：expert词族：specialadj.专门的,specializev.专门研究

专门从事

speciallyadv.专门地；专业地24.assessvt.评估，评定；估算assessmentn．评定；估价makeanassessmentof对……做出评估assesssb./sth.assth.评估，评定某人/某物为……(性质、质量)assesssb./sth.atsth.估算，估定，核定某人/某物为……(数量、价值)25.collapsevi.倒塌，坍塌；昏倒n.昏倒；倒塌

26.consultationn．咨询；商讨；就诊consultantn．顾问consultvt.查阅；商量；向……请教inconsultationwith经与……磋商consultadictionary查字典consultsb.aboutsth.向某人咨询/请教某事consultwithsb.about/onsth.就某事与某人商量27.suspendvt.暂停；悬，挂suspensionn．暂停，中止；悬浮suspend...from...将……悬挂在……Unit4HeritageindangerAconcertedefforttopreserveourheritageisavitallinktoourcultural,educational,aesthetic,inspirational,andeconomiclegacies.—SteveBerry同心协力保护遗产对于我们的文化、教育、美学、精神和经济遗产而言，是至关重要的一环。——史蒂夫·贝里该句出自美国作家史蒂夫·贝里的文章《为什么保存历史很重要》（“WhyPreserving

HistoryMatters”），意在说明保护遗产的重要性。WelcometotheunitTheGreatPyramidofGizabelongstotheculturalheritagesites.Thistallman-madestructureshowsustheadvanced________________.YellowstoneNationalParkisoneofthenaturalheritagesites.Itisknownfor_________________andgeothermalfeatures.MountHuangshan,oneof______________,isfamousforitsbreathtakingmountainscenery.ancientarchitecture

itsdiversewildlifethemixedsitesHeritageisthesharedwealthofmankind.56WorldHeritagesitesinChina(by2021)ExtensionPara.1:Heritagesitesneedprotection.Paras.2–5:(1)Heritagesitesface______________NaturalforcesHumanactivitiesLong-termnaturalforces(2)____________________naturalforces

Wars(3)___________________

(4)___________________

Para.6:Suchdangerscanhavedisastrousoutcomesnotonlyforthesites,butalsoforpeople.Para.7:(5)________________________________________variousdangers.SuddenandpowerfulFloodoftouristsWidespreaddevelopmentWeallshareajointresponsibilitytoprotectandpreservethem.Readthelecturetranscriptandcompletethechartbelow.FastreadingWelcome,

everybody.

It'swonderfultobehere.

Beforewebegin,Iwanttoaskyou:

haveyou

everbeenawedbynaturalwonders?Haveyoueverbeen

fascinatedby

humancivilization?Ifso,

youmightalreadyunderstandwhyUNESCO

isfighting

topreservesitesofculturalandnaturalimportancetomankind.

I

havethebeliefthatsomeofyouhaveheardaboutUNESCOheritagesitesor

maybeevenvisitedone!

Therearecurrentlyaround1,100sitesinmorethan

160countries

worldwide.

Unfortunately,theyfaceavarietyofdangersandmany

of

themareinurgent

needofprotection.Let'slookatsomespecificissues.欢迎大家。很高兴来到这里。在开始演讲之前，我想问问大家:你曾为自然奇观惊叹吗?你曾为人类文明着迷吗?如果是这样，你们可能已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织正奋力保护对人类具有重要意义的文化与自然遗产地。我相信你们当中有些人听说过联合国教科文组织遗产地，甚至可能已经去过1处了!现今全世界共有大约1,100处遗产地，分布在160多个国家。很遗憾，它们正面临各种危险，其中多处急需保护。我们来看看一些具体问题。Heritagesites

are

atrisk

fromnaturalforces.

Thelong-termnaturalforces,suchaswind,waterand

temperature,cangraduallyweardownheritagesites.

Forinstance,theGreatPyramidofGizaisnow

severalmetresshorterthanitwasoriginally.Naturaldisasters,thesudden

andpowerfulnatural

forces,canleadtothedestructionofheritagesites:in2003,aterribleearthquake

shooksouth-easternlranandruinedlargepartsofthecityofBam,anincredibleUNESCOculturalheritagesite.遗产地会受到自然力的威胁。长期的自然力，比如风、水和温度，会逐渐侵蚀遗产地。例如，吉萨的大金字塔现在比原来矮了几米。自然灾害，即突发而强大的自然力，会破坏遗产地:2003年，一场可怕的地震袭击了伊朗东南部，摧毁了巴姆古城的大部分地区。该古城是一处令人叹为观止的联合国教科文组织文化遗产地。Anotherbig

danger

ishumanactivities.

Warscancauseagreatdealofdamagetobothculturalandnaturalheritagesites.Sometimes,

amazingancientclaysculptures

andbuildingsareaccidentallydestroyedbymissileattacks

duringperiodsof

violence.

Insomeconflictareaswherecivilwarsoftenbreakout,

fightershaveevendestroyedheritagesitesonpurpose.另一个重大威胁是人类活动。战争可以严重破坏文化与自然遗产地。有时，惊人的古代泥塑与建筑会在暴力期间被导弹意外摧毁。在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，战士甚至会故意炸毁遗产地。Meanwhile,WorldHeritagestatusmaygiverisetoaseriesofproblems.Oneoftheproblemsisthefloodoftourists.

MillionsoftouriststraveltoUNESCOWorldHeritage

Sitesevery

year,soitisonlynaturalthatthesitessufferabitof

wearandtear.ThetemplesofAngkorinCambodiaaretypicalexamplesofuniquearchitecture.

Every

day,thousandsoftouristsclimbingupthenarrowstonestepsarewearingdown

theseancientbuildingsandthelong-termconsequencescould

leadtoirreparabledestructionoftheinternalstructure.与此同时，世界遗产这一身份也会带来一系列问题。其中之一是大量的游客。每年有大量游客到联合国教科文组织世界遗产地旅游，因此这些遗产地日渐磨损是很自然的。柬埔寨吴哥的寺庙是独特建筑的典型例子。每天，攀爬狭窄石阶的数千名游客磨损着这些古建筑，长期的影响对内部结构可能造成不可修复的破坏。Due

tohumanpopulationgrowth,

thedemandforproductionandconsumptionofgoodsincreases.

Widespreaddevelopment

putsourculturalandnaturaheritagesites

indanger.Manyheritagesitesareevenatriskofbeinglostforever.Take

theHistoricCentreofViennainAustriaasanexample.Thecityhasbeen

recognizedas

the

musicalcapitalofEuropesincethe16thcentury,

hometothelikesofMozartandBeethoven.ItisnowontheListofWorldHeritageinDangerduetohigh-riseconstructionprojectsincentralVienna.由于人口增长，商品生产与消费需求也随之增长。大范围的发展让文化与自然遗产地处于危险中。很多遗产地甚至面临永久消失的危险。以奥地利的维也纳历史中心为例。自16世纪以来，维也纳就是公认的欧洲音乐之都，莫扎特、贝多芬这一类的音乐家居住于此。如今因为市中心高层的建筑项目，维也纳历史中心被列入了《世界濒危遗产名录》。Such

dangerscanhavedisastrousoutcomesnotonlyforthesites

themselves,but

alsoforpeople.

Forinstance,theGreatBarrierReefoffthenorth-eastcoastof

Australiaisanaturalheritagesiteindanger.Duetohighseawatertemperatures

caused

by

globalwarming,a

largeamountofcoraliskilledandpartsofthereefareseriouslyaffected,whichharmsitsfragilenaturalecology.这些威胁不仅会给遗产地本身造成灾难性后果，也会对人们产生影响。例如，澳大利亚东北海岸的大堡礁是一处濒危自然遗产地。由于全球变暖引起海水温度升高，大量珊瑚死亡，部分珊瑚礁受到严重影响，这危害了其脆弱的自然生态。Aswellasbeing

hometoawidediversityofoceanspecies,thereefcanboosttourismandfishinginthelocalarea,

providingmanyjobopportunities.ltalsohelpsprotectthecoastlineagainstwavesandfloods.Ifthereefdisappears,manypeople'slives

andpossiblyeventheir