高中英语人教版必修 第一册(2019)-CEC Club教材-修改版 公开课教案课件教学设计资料

浙江省杭州第十四中学选修教材

CEC英语俱乐部

——演讲的艺术

袁雅楠编

作者声明

1、本教材著作权归教材作者所有，未经作者授权，任何组织或个人不得以任何形式对本

教材进行出版、发行。

2、本教材供供浙江杭州第十四中选修课教学。

4、本教材存在的疏漏、错误之处敬请批评指正，欢迎相关专家老师与作者联系，共同参

与本教材的研究和完善工作。

刖百

本教材是由英语组袁雅楠老师编写的CEC英语俱乐部演讲的艺术选修类教材。

演讲论辩修辞自古希腊时代起就一直是西方教育的重要组成部分。始于先秦时期的中国

修辞学尽管没有形成西方修辞学研究中的演说和论辩传统，但中国历史上也并不乏“羽扇纶

巾，谈笑间，橘橹灰飞烟灭”的论辩大师。演讲论辩修辞在中国和西方都有着很强的实用性；

事实上，古往今来，从东方到西方，演讲论辩的能力始终与个人的前途和国家的命运息息相

关。古人云：片语可以兴邦，一言可以辱国。西汉的刘向在《战国策-东周》“秦兴师临周而

求九鼎”一文讲述了东周的重臣颜鑫如何利用自己的智慧和口才维护了本国的尊严和利益，

正可谓：一人之辩，重于九鼎之宝；三寸之舌，强于百万之师。

本教程以传播学的基本理论和概念为出发点，详尽地讲解了演讲所涉及的每个环节和步

骤。这些环节和步骤包括：克服怯场、选题立意、了解听众、论证观点、巧用语言、撰写讲

稿以及排练演示等。本教程也专门介绍了各类演讲的不同用途，如：传播知识、雄辩说理、

激情励志、引见致辞、颁奖致辞、受奖致辞以及竞技口才等。

本书适用普通高中学生使用，同时，对于英语语言演讲和辩论专业初涉人员和演讲技

术爱好者的学习和研究有一定的参考价值。

Content

Chapter1IntroductiontoPublicSpeaking1

1.1SpeakinginPublic1

1.2SpeakingConfidentlyandEthically5

1.3GivingYourFirstSpeech10

Chapter?SpeechPreparation:GettingStarted16

2.1Selectingatopicandapurpose16

2.2AnalyzingtheAudience20

2.3OrganizingtheBodyoftheSpeech22

2.4SupportingYourIdeas26

Chapter3PresentingtheSpeech29

3.1DeliveringtheSpeech29

3.2SpeakinginCompetitions33

Reference41

ChapterlIntroductiontoPublicSpeaking

1.1SpeakinginPublic

1.1.1ThePowerofPublicSpeaking

Throughouthistorypeoplehaveusedpublicspeakingasavitalmeansofcommunication.What

theGreekleaderPericlessaidmorethan2,500yearsagoisstilltruetoday:"Onewhoformsa

judgmentonanypointbutcannotexplain^^itclearly“mightaswellneverhavethoughtatallonthe

subject."PublicSpeaking,asitsnameimplies,isawayofmakingyourideaspublicofsharing

themwithotherpeopleandofinfluencingotherpeople.

Duringmodemtimesmanywomenandmenaroundtheglobehavespreadtheirideasand

influencethroughpublicspeaking.ThelistincludesMahatmaGandhi,EleanorRoosevelt,Winston

Churchill,NelsonMandela,RonaldReagan,MartinLutherKing,BillClinton,andBarackObama.

InChina,leaderssuchasSunYat-sen,MaoZedong,andDengXiaopingemployedthepowerofthe

spokenwordtochangethecourseofhistory.

Asyoureadthesenames,youmaythinktoyourself,"That'sfine.Goodfbrthem.Butwhatdoes

thathavetodowithme?Idon'tplantobeanationalleaderoraphilosopheroracrusaderfbrany

cause.^^Nevertheless,theneedfbrpublicspeakingwillalmostsurelytouchyousomethinginyour

life——maybetomorrow,maybenotfbrfiveyears.

Publicspeakingisaformofempowerment.Itcan—andoftendoes-一makeadifferenceinthings

peoplecareaboutverymuch.EvenifyouspendtherestofyourlifeprimarilyinaChinese

environment,youwillhaveneedforEnglishpublicspeaking.Tomentionjustafewsituations,you

mightgiveapresentationataninternationalconference,aproductdemonstrationtoglobebuyers,a

toastatadinnerinhonorofforeignguests,oratourofaChinesehistoricalsitefbroverseasfriends

orassociates.

Studyafterstudyhasshownthateveninhighlyspecializedfields,employersconsistentlyrank

theabilitytocommunicateatornearthetopoftheskillstheylookforwhendecidingwhomtohire

andwhomtopromote.Morethan90percentofemployeesatmultinationalcompaniesinAsia,

Europe,andLatinAmericabelievetheuseofEnglishis“critical"or"important”totheirpositions.

Inasurveyofnearly500businessadministrativepersonnelandprofessionalsinChina,speaking

andlisteningwererankedasthemostimportantEnglishskillsrequiredintheirjobs.Theabilityto

speakeffectivelyissoprizedthatcollegegraduatesinChinaareincreasinglybeingaskedtogivea

presentationaspartoftheirjobinterview.

Inshort,theneedforChinesestudentstohaveeffectiveskillsofEnglishpublicspeakingwill

onlygrowinfutureyears.Notonlywilltheseskillsbecrucialtoyourpersonalsuccessasyouwork

andliveinaworldshapedbyglobalization,theywillbevitaltoChina'ssuccessasitcompeteswith

othernationsoftheworldinthe21stcentury.

1.1.2TheTraditionofPublicSpeaking

Giventheimportanceofpublicspeaking,it'snotsurprisingthatithasbeentaughtandstudied

aroundtheglobeforthousandsyears.AlmostallcultureshaveanequivalentoftheEnglishword

“orator"todesignatesomeonewithspecialskillsinpublicspeaking.

TheoldestknownhandbookoneffectivespeechwaswrittenonpapyrusinEgyptsome4,500

yearsago.InclassicalGreeceandRome,publicspeechwasstudiedextensivelyandplayeda

centralroleinciviclife.Aristotle'sRhetoric,composedduringthethirdcenturyB.C.,isstill

consideredthemostimportantworkonitssubject.Overthecenturies,manyothernotableWestern

thinkershavedealtwithissuesofrhetoric,speechandlanguage.Inrecentyears,communication

researcheshaveprovidedanincreasinglyscientificbasisforunderstandingthemethodsand

strategiesofeffectivespeech.

TheearliestrecordofpublicspeakingpracticeinChinacanbetracedtotheBookofHistory

(Shangshu),whichexemplifiestwotypesofspeech:takingoath(shi)andimperialmandate(gao).

TheIntriguesoftheWarringStates(ZhangguoCe)recordshundredsofdiscoursesfromthe

WarringStatesperiod.DuringtheTangDynasty,severalnewpersuasivegenreswereintroducedby

ChineseBuddhists,includingsermonsandsutralectures.ThecurrentinterestinEnglishpubic

speakingisamanifestationofChina'slongtraditionofattentiontothediscursivearts.

1.1.3PublicSpeakingandConversation

Similaritiesbetweenpublicspeakingandconversation

1.Organizingyourthoughtslogically

2.Tailoringyourmessagetotheaudience

3.Tellingastoryforamaximumimpact

4.Adaptingtolisteningfeedback

Differencesbetweenpublicspeakingandconversation

1.Publicspeakingismorehighlystructured

2.Publicspeakingrequiresmoreformallanguage

3.Publicspeakingrequiresadifferentmethodofdelivery.

1.1.4TheSpeechCommunicationProcess

Asyoubeginyourfirstspeeches,youmayfindithelpfultounderstandwhatoccurswhenone

persontalkstoanother.Regardlessifthiskindofspeechcommunicationinvolved,therearcseven

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elementsspeaker,message,channel,listener,feedback,interference,andsituation.Hereweshall

focusonhowtheseelementsinteractwhenapublicspeakeraddressesanaudience.

Speaker

Speechcommunicationbeginswithaspeaker.Yoursuccessasaspeakerdependsonyouyour

personalcredibility,yourknowledgeofthesubject,yourpreparationofthespeech,yourmannerof

speaking,yoursensitivitytotheaudienceandtheoccasion.Butsuccessfulspeakingalsorequires

enthusiasm.Youcannotexpectpeopletobeinterestedinwhatyousayunlessyouareinterested

yourself.

Youcanlearnallthetechniquesofeffectivespeechmaking,butbeforetheycanbeofmuchuse,

youmustfirsthavesomethingtosay-somethingthatsparksyourownenthusiasm.

Message

Themessageiswhateveraspeakercommunicatestosomeoneelse.Yourgoalinpublicspeakingis

tohaveyourintendedmessagebethemessagethatisactuallycommunicated.Achievingthis

dependsbothonwhatyousay(theverbalmessage)andonhowyousayit(thenonverbalmessage).

Channel

Thechannelisthemeansbywhichamessageiscommunicated.Publicspeakermayuseoneor

moreofseveralchannels,eachofwhichwillaffectthemessagereceivedbytheaudience.

Listener

Thelisteneristhepersonwhoreceivesthecommunicatedmessage.Withoutalistener,thereisno

communication.

Everythingaspeakersaysisfilteredthroughalistener'sframeofreference——thetotalofhisorher

knowledge,experience,goals,values,andattitudes.Becauseaspeakerandalisteneraredifferent

people,theycanneverhaveexactlythesameframeofreference.Tobeaneffectivepublicspeaker,

youneedtotakeaccountofyourlisteners*framesofreference.Youmustbeaudience-centered.

Feedback

Feedbackreferstothemessage——usuallynonverbal——thataresentfromalistenertoaspeaker.As

aspeaker,youneedtobealerttothereactionsandadjustyourmessageaccordingly.

Interference

Interferenceisanythingthatimpedesthecommunicationofamessage.Inpublicspeakingthereare

twokindsofinterference.Oneisexternaltotheaudience-trafficoutsidethebuilding,people

conversinginthehall,aroomthatisstiflinghotorfreezingcold.Asecondkindofinterferenceis

internalandcomesfromwithintheaudience.

Asaspeaker,youmusttrytoholdyourlisteners5attentiondespitethesekindsofinterference.

Situation

Thesituationisthetimeandplaceinwhichspeechcommunicationoccurs.Certain

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situations■一funerals,weddings,graduationceremoniesrequirecertainkindsofspeeches.Physical

settingisalsoimportant.Itmakesagreatdealofdifferencewhetheraspeechispresentedindoors

orout.todenselypackedcrowdortoahandfulofscatteredsouls.Whenyouadjusttothesituation

ofapublicspeech,youareonlydoingonalargescalewhatyoudoeverydayinconversation.

Vocabularies:

ceremony仪式channel渠道，途径

communication交流，交际interference干涉，阻碍

effective有效的feedback反馈

funeral葬礼internal内部的

graduation毕业

Exercise:

Makeatwo-minutepresentationofself-introduction.

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1.2SpeakingConfidentlyandEthically

1.2.1BecomingaConfidentSpeaker

Inadifferentstudy,researchersconcentratedonsocialsituationsandagain,askedtheirsubjectsto

listtheirgreatestfears.Hereishowtheyanswered.

GreatFearPercentNaming

Apartywithstrangers74

Givingaspeech70

Askedpersonalquestionsinpublic65

Meetingadate'sparents59

Firstdayonanewjob59

Victimofapracticaljoke56

Talkingwithsomeoneinauthority53

Jobinterview46

Again,speechmakingranksnearthetopinprovokinganxiety.

1.Nervousnessisnormal

2.Dealingwithnervousness

a.Acquirespeakingexperience

b.Prepare,prepare,prepare

c.Thinkpositively

d.Usethepowerofvisualization

e.Knowthatmostnervousnessisnotvisible

f.Don'texpectperfection

g.Additionaltips

1.2.2BeinganEthnicalSpeaker

Ethicsisthebranchofphilosophythatdealswithissuesofrightandwronginhumanaffairs.

Questionsofethicsarisewheneverweaskwhetheracourseofactionismoralorimmoral,fairor

unfair,justorunjust,honestordishonest.

Guidelinesforethnicalspeaking

1.Makesureyourgoalsareethnicallysound

2.Befullypreparedforeachspeech

3.Behonestinwhatyousay

4.Putethnicalprinciplesintopractice

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1.2.3Plagiarism

1.Globalplagiarism

2.Patchworkplagiarism

3.Incrementalplagiarism

1.2.4Quotations

1.2.5Paraphrases

1.2.6PlagiarismandtheInternet

1.2.7Speechappreciation:

第三届“21世纪杯”全国英语演讲比赛冠军一一梁励敏

演说者介绍：

梁励敏

北京外国语大学

梁励敏，生于浙江杭州，毕业于北京外国语大学，

获英语语言文学硕士学位，研究生期间专攻方向为

美国社会研究。2002年进入中央电视台英语频道采访

组工作，所采写的新闻获得2003年全国新闻彩虹奖二等奖。

专家点评:引用文学大师的诗句作为开场白，与结束语首尾呼应,

颇有感染力。东西方文化的融合表现得十分鲜明，意味深长,

是篇优秀的演讲。

演说文章：

CrossingtheSea

Goodafternoon,ladiesandgentlemen.Thetitleofmyspeechtodayis"CrossingtheSea".

AnEnglishpoetbythenameofRudyardKiplingoncewroteinhispoem"WeandThey":

"AllthepeoplelikeusareWe

AndeveryoneelseisThey

Weliveoverthesea

WhileTheyliveovertheway

Weeatporkandbeefwithcowhom-handledknives

Theywhogobbletheirriceoffaleaf

Arehorrifiedoutoftheirlives."

Whentheselinesfirstcaughtmyeyes,Iwasshocked-howcouldtwopeoplesremainsoisolatedand

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ignorantofeachotherinthepast?Today'ssociety,ofcourse,isanentirelydifferentpicture.Those

peoplewhousedtoeatwithcowhorn-handledknivesmightbeveryskillfulinusingchopsticks,and

thosepeoplewhousedtogobbletheirricemightbeaswellhavetakentofishandchips.

Indeed,justtakeChinaasanexample:OurmodemlifehasbeeninfluencedbyWesternstyleof

livinginsomanywaysthatit'snolongersurprisingtoseeteenagersgoingcrazyabout

rock-and-roll,wholefamiliesdiningoutatMcDonald'sandevenratherelderlypeopledressedin

AppleJeans.

However,theseareonlysomeexpressionsoftheculturalchangestakingplaceinoursocietytoday.

Whatisreallygoingonisasubtlebutsignificantrestructuringofthenation*smentality.Justlook

around.

Howmanycollegegraduatesarereadytocompeteaggressivelyfbreveryjobopportunity,whereas

notlongagotheywereaskedjusttositidleandwaitforwhateverwastobeassignedtothembythe

government?

Howmanyyoungpeoplearenoweagertoseektoranindependentlifewhereasonlytwodecades

agotheywouldrelytotallyontheirparentstoarrangefbrtheirfuture?Askanyonewhoparticipates

intoday'sspeechcontest.Whohasnotcomewithawilltofightandwhohasnotcomedetermined

toachieveself-fulfillmentinwinningthegame?AndI'mquitecertainthatifConfuciushadlivedto

seetoday'sChina,hewouldhavebeenhorrifiedtoseeyoungloverskissingeachotherinpublic

placesinanunreservedexpressionoftheirpassion.

ItisthereforeevidentthatweasdescendantsofanancientEasterncivilizationarealreadyliving

understronginfluenceoftheWesternculture.ButitisnotonlyinChinathatwefindthe

incorporationofthetwocultures.

TaketheUnitedStatesasanexample:Duringthe1980s,infaceoftheoverwhelmingcompetition

fromJapan,manyAmericancompaniessuchastheFordbegantoadoptateamworkmanagement

fromtheirrivals,theessenceofwhich,layattheverycoreofEasternculture.

TaketheChineseacupunctureasanotherexample:Thistraditionaltreatmentofdiseasesisfinally

findingitswaytotheWestandhencetheunderlyingnotionthatillnessisresultedfromthe

imbalancebetweenYinandYangwithinthebody-anideawhichwouldstrikeanyWesterneras

incredibleinthepast!

LadiesandGentlemen,weliveinagreatepochwhentheglobalintegrationofeconomyandthe

informationrevolutionhavebroughtculturesoftheworldcloserthaneverbefore.Weliveina

particularerawhencountries,EastandWest,findthemselvesinneedofreadjustingtheirtraditional

values.Welive,atthesametime,atacriticaljunctureofourevolutionbecausesuchproblemsas

ethnicconflictsandregionalunrestareincreasinglyposingathreattothepeaceandhappinessof

thewholehumanrace.Tocopewithsuchaneraandtoembraceanevenbrighterfuture,wcneedto

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learntolivemoreharmoniouslyinaworldcommunitywhichisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.

Mydearfellowstudents,ourcommandoftheEnglishlanguagerendersitpossibleforustogainan

insightintoWesternculturewhileretainingourownculturalidentity.

Therefore,itisoursacredresponsibilitytopromotetheculturalexchangesandhencethemutual

understandingbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.

ItismyhappiestdreamthatthenewgenerationofChinesewillnotonlygrowupdrinking

Coca-ColaandwatchingHollywood,butalsobeblessedwiththefar-reachingbenefitsofmultiple

cultures;benefitsthatourforefathershadnever,everdreamedof.

Toendmyspeech,IwouldliketoquoteRudyardKiplingagain:

"AllthepeoplelikeusareWe

AndeveryoneelseisThey

Butonceyoucrossoverthesea

YouwillendbylookingonWe

AsonlyasortotlheyM.1'hankyou.

译文:穿越海洋

女士们、先生们，晚上好。今天，我演讲的题目是：《穿越海洋》。

英国诗人罗得雅德・吉卜林曾写过一首诗，名叫《我们与他们》，其中写道：

像我们的人是我们

其余的人是他们

我们生活在海这边

他们生活在路那边

我们用牛角柄的刀叉吃猪牛肉

吞吃粽叶包饭的他们吓得要死。

第一次读到这首诗，我很震惊——过去两个民族何以如此疏离、彼此陌生?当然今日的社会呈现出完全不

同的情景:那些过去吃米饭的人们也开始喜欢吃鱼和薯条。

的确如此，就拿中国来说，西方的生活方式已经广泛地影响了我们的现代生活，以致对于年轻人对摇滚乐

着迷，全家去吃麦当劳，老年人穿苹果牌牛仔裤，大家都己习以为常。

然而，这不过是我们当今社会中所发生的文化变迁的表面现象而已，真正发生的却是我们的民族心理开始

了微妙而又有重大意义的重建，大家只要看看周围就会清楚。

不久以前，大学生还只是束手空坐，等待政府给他们分配工作;如今，又有多少大学生正在做充分准备，为

争取任何工作机会而激烈角逐？

20年前年轻人还完全依靠父母为他们安排未来，今天又有多少年轻人在急切地寻求一种独立的生活?试问

今天参加演讲比赛的诸位，谁不是带着志在一搏的心情来到这里?谁不是铁下心来赢得这场比赛以实现自

我?如今年轻人亳无顾忌地宣泄情感当众亲吻，我确信，倘若孔子在世，他必被吓坏。

很明显，我们这些东方古老文明的后裔们早己生活在西方文化的强烈影响之下，然而出现这种异质文化合

流的现象不止是在中国。

以美国为例，20世纪80年代，面对来自日本的强大竞争压力，许多美国公司如福特公司开始采用对手的

集体合作管理方式，而这种方式正是东方文化核心之精华。

再以中华针灸为例，这种传统的医疗方法以及这种疗法的依据——即人体阴阳失调导致疾病最终得到西方

社会的承认，而在过去，西方人还认为这是无稽之谈。

女士们，先生们，我们恰逢一个伟大的时代:全球经济一体化、信息革命使得世界各种文化联系比以往更加

紧密C

我们恰逢一个特殊的年代:无论是东方国家还是西方国家都意识到自身急需调整传统价值。与此同时，我们

正生活在发展的关键时刻:种族冲突,地区动荡正越来越威胁着整个人类的和平与幸福。如何对待这一时代,

拥抱更加灿烂的未来，我们需要学会在越来越小的世界大家庭中更加和睦地生活。

亲爱的同学们，我们掌握英语，得以了解西方文化，与此同时，又不失本民族的文化特征。

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因此，促进中国与世界的文化交流与相互理解是我们神圣的责任。

我有一个美好的梦想，我梦想中国的年轻一代不仅仅在喝可口可乐、看好莱坞影片中成长，而且还受益于

我们的父辈所从未梦想过的多元文化所带来的深远影响。

最后，再次以罗得雅德•吉卜林的诗作为我此次演讲的结尾：

像我们的人是我们

其余的人是他们

然而一旦你们穿洋越海

就不会再把我们

看做仅仅是他们。

谢谢C

Vocabularies：

critical决定性的，关键的ethnical种族的，人种的

juncture时刻，关键点nervousness焦虑，紧张感

evolution演变，进化，发展perfection完美，完善

ethnic种族的，部落的Paraphrase释义，意译

conflict冲突Plagiarism剽窃，抄袭

unrest动乱，骚乱appreciation鉴赏，赏析

Exercise:

Makeashortspeechaboutthetopicoftheworldisbecomingsmaller.

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1.3GivingYourFirstSpeech

1.3.1Preparingyourspeech

Usuallyabriefintroductorypresentation,thefirstassignmentisoftencalledanicebreakerspeech

becauseitisdesignedto“breaktheice“bygettingstudentsupinfrontoftheclassassoonas

possible.Thisisanimportantstepbecausemuchoftheanxietyassociatedwithpublicspeaking

comesfromlackofexperiencegivingspeeches.Onceyouhavebrokentheicebygivingaspeech,

youwillfeellessanxiousandwillhavetakenthefirststepontheroadtoconfidence.

1.3.2Developingthespeech

Thereareanumberofpossibleassignmentsforthefirstspeech.Oneisaspeechofself-introduction

thatprovidesinsightsintothespeaker'sbackground,personality,beliefsorgoals.Inothercases,

studentsareaskedtointroduceaclassmate,ratherthanthemselves.

Nomatterwhichyouareassigned,besuretofocusyourpresentationsharplysoitconformstothe

assignedtimelimit.Oneofthemostcommonmistakesstudentsmakeontheirfirstspeechistrying

tocovertoomuchmaterial.Youshouldselectalimitednumberofpointsandillustratethemclearly.

1.3.3Organizingthespeech

Regardlessofyourtopic,yourspeechwillhavethreemainparts-anintroduction,abody,anda

conclusion.Yourfirstjobintheintroductionistogettheattentionandinterestoftheaudience.You

candothisbyposingaquestion,tellingastory,makingastarlingstatement,oropeningwitha

quotation.Thepurposeofallthesemethodsistocreateadramatic,colorfulopeningthatwillmake

youraudiencewanttohearmore.

1.3.4Deliveringyourspeech

Onceyouhaveselectedasubjectandorganizeintoaclearstructure,itistimetoworkonthe

deliveryofyourspeech.Becausethisisyourfirstspeechoftheterm,nooneexpectsyoutogivea

perfectlypolishedpresentation.Youraimistodoaswellaspossiblewhilealsolayingafoundation

youcanbuilduponinlaterspeeches.Withthisinmind,we'lllookbrieflyattheextemporaneous

methodofspeechdelivery,theimportanceofrehearsingyourspeech,andsomeofthemajorfactors

toconsiderwhenspeechdayarrives.

Speakingextemporaneously

Mostexpertsrecommendspeakingextemporaneously,whichcombinesthecarefulpresentationand

structureofamanuscriptpresentationwiththespontaneityandenthusiasmofanunrehearsedtalk.

Youaiminanextemporaneousspeechistoplanyourmajorpointsandsupportingmaterialwithout

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tryingtomemorizethepreciselanguageyouwilluseonthedayofthespeech.

Rehearsingthespeech

Thesmoothdeliveryistheresultofagreatdealofpractice.Asyourspeechcourseprogresses,you

willgainmoreexperienceandwillbecomemorecomfortabledeliveringyourspeeches

extemporaneously.

Forthisapproachtowork,youmustrehearsethespeechoutloud.Lookingsilentlyoveryournotes

isnotenough.Speakingthewordsaloudwillhelpyoumasterthecontentandlengthofyourtalk.

Onceyouhaveafairlygoodgraspofthespeech,askfriendstolistenandtogiveconstructive

feedback.Don'tbeshyaboutasking.

1.3.5Presentingthespeech

Whenitisyourturntospeak,movetothefrontoftheroomandfacetheaudience.Assumea

relaxedbutuprightposture.Plantyourfeetabitlessthanshoulder-widthapartandallowyourarms

tohanglooselybyyourside.Arrangeyournotesbeforeyoustarttospeak,ihentakeamomentto

lookoveryouraudienceandtosmile.Thiswillhelpyouestablishrapportwithyourlistenersfrom

thestart.

Onceyouareintothespeech,feelfreetouseyourhandstogesture,butdon'ttrytoplanallyour

gesturesaheadoftime.

1.3.6Samplespeecheswithcommentary

第三届“21世纪杯”全国英语演讲比赛亚军一一芮成钢

2001年，在瑞士达沃斯召开的〃世界经济论坛〃

(WorldEconomicForum)年会上，芮成钢被提

名并授予“2001全球明日精英"(GlobalLeader

forTomorrow)称号。

2002年，在美国美中关系委员会(National

CommitteeofUS-ChinaRelaiions)发起的

首届"美中杰出青年论坛”(USChinaYoungLeaders

Forum)上，芮成钢又当选为首批24名

〃美中杰出青年”之一。

演说正文：

EastandWesthavemet东西方相聚

runner-up:RuiChenggang,ForeignAffairCollege

Honorablejudges,ladiesandgentlemen:

Kiplingsaid:"Eastiseast,andWestisWest,andneverthetwainshallmeet!'*Butnow,acentury

later,theyhavemet.

Theyhavemetinbusiness.Theyhavemetineducation.Theyhavemetinthearts.

11

SomewouldarguethatthesemeetingsleaveuswithachoicebetweenEastandWest,butIbelieve

thebestfutureliesinthecreativecombinationofbothworlds.WecanmakeWesternideas,customs

andtechnologyourown,andadaptthemtoourownuse.Wecanenjoythebestofallworlds,

becauseourtraditionis.aboveall.oneofselectingthebestandmakingitourown.

But,doWesternstylesandvaluesthreatenouridentity?

Historymakesiteasyfbrustothinkso-perhapstooeasy.

SomepeopleseemtothinkthatadoptingWesterncustoms,suchasabridewearingwhite-whichhas

longbeenacolorofmourninginChina,insteadofthetraditionalChineseredforherwedding,is

anothersubmissiontoforeignintervention,—abetrayalofourheritage,theysay.

Theyfearthataswebecome"globalized",wewillnolongerbeChinese.

Idonotagree.

Historyteachesthatastrongandconfidentnationisateaseinhearingfromtheoutsideworld.

TheweddingofEasternandWesterncultures,whetherinwhitegownsorred,bringsusvariety.

Itisarichbanquetofspecialfoodsfromallovertheworld.

AsanamateurgourmetofChinesecuisine,oursuperbflavoursdelightme.

ButmyChinesetasteappreciatesfoodfromanyland.

IevenallowtheconvenienceofMcDonald'saplaceinmylifewithoutgivingupmygoodtaste.

MygrandfathertaughtmetohumtunesofBeijingoperafromthetimeIwasveryyoung;theyare

deepinmyspirit,partofmysoul.

IloveBeijingopera,becauseitalwaysremindsmeofwhoIam.

ButIamalsoafanofmodernpopmusic,theNo.lfanofSpiceGirlsoncampus.

ofcourse,itgoesfarbeyondfood,musicanddance.Itgoesintovaluesandwaysofthinkingabout

theworld.

Onceuponatime,orsomyteachertoldme,aChineseboyandanAmericangirlhadasquabble.

Bothwantedtokeepabunnyrabbittheyhadfoundinthegarden.

Surelyyou'veseenarabbitsunninghimselfinthegrass.

Nothingismorelovable,nothingmorenatural.Nowondertheywantedhim.

TheChineseboyplayedhiser-hu.Happinessandjoy,longingandpassion,filledtheair.Thelittle

rabbitswayedgentlyandbegantomovehisearsinthedirectionofthemusic.Helikedwhathe

heard.

Thegirlthentookoutherviolinandplayedittoproducebeautifulmelodiesofherown.

Therabbitbegantobounceinherdirection.

Sointentwerethechildrenontheirownmusicthatneitherpaidtheotheranyattention.

Thecompetingmelodiesconfusedthelittlerabbitandhedidnotknowwhichwaytoturn.Unable

toattractthelittlecreature,bothchildrengaveup;theywalkedaway,indifferentdirections,leaving

therabbitalone.

But,whatiftheylistened,whatiftheyreallyheardeachother'smusic,insteadofalwaysplaying

theirowntunes?

WhenIhearthemusicofaviolin,richwiththejoysofmenandwomenwhocametogetherand

sanganddanced...Ihearechoesofthemusicofthegrasslands,ofthehills,oftherivers...ofmy

ownnativeland.

Ismusicmineandyours,orisitours?

WhatIwanttohearistheer-huandtheviolinplayedtogether,inrhythmandintune.

Together,wecanproducenewandbeautifulmusic,richwithtexturesandsoundsthatcanonlybe

madeinharmony.

Therabbitsitsinthegrassintheever-warmingsun.Waitingfbrustoplay,waitingforthe

symphonytobegin.

Willhehavetowaitforever?Thechoiceisours.Thankyou.

参考译文：

尊敬的评委、女士们、先生们：吉卜林说过，“东方是东方，西方是西方，两者永不聚！”然而如今，在

一个世纪之后，东西方相聚了。

它们在贸易中相聚，在教育中相聚，在艺术中相聚。

12

有人争论说这种东西方之聚，使得我们能够在东西方中作出选择.然而我相信最美好的未来在于东西方世

界的创造性的结合，我们可以变西方的观念、习俗、技术为己所有，为己所用；我们可以享受两上不同世

界之精华，总之，我们的传统之一就是择其精华，为己所用。

然而，西方的生活方式和价值会威胁到我们的民族特色吗？

历史让我们轻易相信一一也许是太轻易地让我们相信此说了。

有人似乎认为彩西方习俗，比如新娘结婚穿白色婚纱，是对外国介入的屈服，是对传统遗产的背叛，因为

按中国传统，结婚新娘要穿红色，而白色长期以来代表的是哀悼。

这些人担心一量我们变得全球化，我们也就不在是中国人了。

我不这样认为。

历史告诉我们：一个强大自信的民族学起外面的世界易如反掌。

无论是穿白衣还是黑衣，还是东西方异质文化的联姻，都给我们带来多姿多采的生活。

东西方异质文化的联姻是一席来自世界各地佳肴的盛宴。

身为中国菜的业余美食家，我喜欢民族的佳肴。

然而