人教版高三英语第二学期阅读理解专项训练单元达标自检题检测试卷

人教版高三英语第二学期阅读理解专项训练单元达标自检题检测试卷

一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练

1.阅读理解

Morethangreatdrinks,greatrewards

EnjoyallthebenefitsandmorewithyourmembershiptoourLoyaltyProgram!

Wheneveryoupaywithyourmembershipaccount,you'llearnaStar.

CollectmoreStars,earnmorerewards.

Threewaystojoinus

BuyaStarbucksCardhandytocreateanaccount

TrackyourStarsonlineorthroughthemobileapp,andwe'llsendanemailwhenyou'veearned

areward.

Youcanalsojoinfromyourphone.

DownloadtheStarbucksApp.

Oneofthemostexcitingbenefitsofbeingamemberisusingourmobileappto:payfor

purchases;viewyourStarsandrewards;accessiTunesPickoftheWeek;seecurrentoffers.

Oryoucanjoinwithspeciallymarkedcoffeepurchasedatthegrocerystore.

EnteryourStarcode(limit:2perday)

LookfortheStarcodesymbolonspeciallymarkedStarbucksproductswhereyoubuygroceries.

Threelevelswithincreasinglygreaterrewards

ToreacheachlevelinourLoyaltyProgram,youneedtocollectmoreStars.(Remember:toearn

aStar,youmustpaywitharegisteredStarbucksCard.)

Welcomelevel

Toearnyourfirstrewards,justregisteraStarbucksCard.

Birthdaydrinkortreatonus,birthdaycoupon(优惠券)for15%offapurchaseat

StarbucksS.

Greenlevel

Collect5Starswithin12monthsandyou'llbeintheGreenlevel.

WhatisincludedintheWelcomelevelplus

Freein-storerefills(续杯Ionhotoricedbrewedcoffeeortea

Goldlevel

Collect30Starswithin12monthsandyou'llbeattheGoldlevel.

WhatisincludedintheGreenlevelplus

Afreefoodordrinkitemafteranother12Starsearned

PersonalizedGoldCard

(1)Whichofthefollowingisawayyoucanapplyformembership?

A.ToupdatetheStarbucksApp.

B.Tocollect5starswithin12month.

C.TosendanemailtoStarbucksS.

D.ToenteraStarcodefromspeciallymarkedStarbucksproducts.

(2)WithaStarbucksCardofGreenlevel,youwillget.

A.afreedrinkitemB.freein-storerefills

C.personalizedGoldCardD.allpurchases15%off

(3)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.ToearnaStar,youmustpaybycreditcard.

B.YoucanenteryourStarcodethreetimesaday.

C.WiththeStarbucksApp,youcanviewcurrentoffers.

D.ForWelcomelevel,youcanrefillicedbrewedcoffeeortea.

【答案】(1)D

(2)B

(3)C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是星巴克做的一个广告宣传。主要介绍了银星级会

员、绿色会员和金星级会员等供人们选择，并鼓励人们成为会员。

(1)考查细节理解。文章第二个黑色小标题"Threewayst。joinus〃三种方式加入我仅，下

列出了可以申请星巴克会员的三种方式，分别是：买张会员卡开个账户；通过手机上的

APP申请加入；在便利店买带有星巴克标志的产品，找到星巴克密码标忐。所以通过输入

在便利店买的带有星巴克标志的产品上的星巴克密码是一种成为星巴克会员的方式。故选

Do

(2)考查细节理解。根据Greenlevel部分中的“Freein-storerefills(续杯)onhotoriced

brewedcoffeeortea〃可以在店内免费续杯热的、冰的煮好的咖啡或茶，可知，成为星巴克

绿色会员，就可以免费续杯。故选B。

(3)考查细节理解。根据"Oneofthemostexcitingbenefitsofbeingamemberisusingour

mobileappto:payforpurchases;viewyourStarsandrewards;accessiTunesPickoftheWeek;

seecurrentoffers."可知，通过手机APP申请会员有以下几大好处：手机支付、查看你的星

级与奖励、可以听iTunes本周最佳选择、查看订单进度，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及铀节理解题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节

信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2.阅读理解

BritishMuseumVisitorRegulations

Openinghours

WeopentheMuseum'sgalleriesdailyfrom10：00amuntil17：30pm.Wekeepselected

galleriesopenuntil20：30pmonFridays.

TheMuseum'sGreatCourtisopenfrom9:00amuntil18:00pm;exceptonFridayswhenit

remainsopenuntil20:30pm.

Youmaybeaskedbyyourstafftobeginleavinguptotenminutesbeforeclosingtime.

TheMuseumisclosed24-26Decemberand1January.

Admission

WewarmlywelcomeyouonyourvisittotheMuseum.Intheinterestsofthesecurityofallof

ourvisitorswerequireyoufollowtheseregulations.

AdmissiontotheMuseumisfree,butwemaychargeforentrytosometemporaryexhibitions

andevents.

Foodanddrink

Youaren'tallowedtocorsumefoodanddrinkinsidetheMuseum,exceptinplacessuchasthe

restaurantandcafesortheforecourt.FamilieswithchildrenmayusetheFordCentreforyoung

visitorsinthebasementoftheMuseum'sGreatCourtatweekendsandduringschoolholidays.

Animals

Ifyouhaveadisability,youmaybeaccompaniedintheMuseumbyyourguide,assistantor

companionanimal.Youaren'tallowedtobringanimalsintotheMuseumunderanyother

circumstance.

Film,photographyandaudiorecording

Excepttheplacethatareindicatedbynotices,you'repermittedtousehand-heldcameras

(includingmobilephones)withflashbulbsorflashunits,andaudioandfilmrecordingequipment

notrequiringastand.Youmayuseyourphotographs,filmandaudiorecordingsonlyforyour

ownprivateandnon-commercialpurposes.

(1)WhencanvisitorsvisittheMuseum?

A.At18:30pmonweekends.B.At14:00amonChristmasDay.

C.At19:00pmonFridays.D.At11:00amonNewYear'sDay.

(2)Whoaretheregulationsmainlyintendedfor?

A.Thevisitors.B.Thestaff.C.Theparents.D.Thechildren.

(3)WhatcanvisitorsdointheMuseum?

A.Eatanddrinkastheylike.B.Takealongtheirpetdogs.

C.Recordfilmsforsale.D.Takephotosforpersonalpurpose.

【答案】(1)C

(2)A

(3)D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了人英博物馆的游客守则。

(1)考查细节理解。根据Openinghours部分中的“TheMuseum'sGreatCourtisopenfrom

9:00amuntil18:00pm;exceptonFridayswhenitremainsopenuntil20:30pm."及“The

Museumisclosed24-26Decemberand1January."可知，大英博物馆从上午9点开放到下午

18点，周五开放到晚上20:30,12月24日至26日圣诞节期间和1月1日新年是闭馆的，

由此可知，你可以在星期五晚上19:00去参观，故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。纵观全文，以及标题"BritishMuseumVisitorRegulations”可知,本文

介绍的是大英博物馆的游客守则，自然是针对游客的，故选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据Film,photographyandaudiorecording部分中的“Youmayuse

yourphotographs,filmandaudiorecordingsonlyforyourownprivateandnon-commercial

purposes.”可知，大英博物馆里允许游客出于个人目的或非商业目的拍照，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型佗考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需

要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3.阅读理解

AstorypostedbyTheNewYorkPostMondaytellsthetaleofKatrinaHolte,aHillsborowoman

whoquitherjobtocosplaya1950shousewife.

LetmestartbyexpressingadmirationtoHolteforusingher2019freedomstofollowher1950s

dreams.Everyoneshouldbesoluckyastogettodecidewhattheywearandhowtheyspend

theirtime.That'sthefutureourforemothersfoughtfor.

ButasmuchfunasIamsuresheishavinglivingavintage（复古的）life,whichliterallyindudes

watchingshowslike"ILoveLucy"andlisteningtovinylrecordings（刻录碟片），Ithinkit's

importanttorememberthatbeinga1950shousewifewasactuallytotallyawful,andsomething

ourgrandmothersandmothersfoughtagainst.

Forexample,onceIcalledmygrandmaandaskedherforherrecipeforCloudBiscuits,These

deliciousbiscuitssheusedtomakethatwewouldcoverv/ithbutterandhomemaderaspberry

jamonThanksgiving.

"Whywouldyouwantthat?"shesaid."Gotothestore.Gotothefreezersection.Buysome

pre-madebiscuitsandputthemintheoven."

Shestraight-uprefusedtogivemetherecipe,becauseitwashardandtookalongtimeto

make.Inhermind,itwasawasteoftime.

Gettingoffthephone,itoccurredtomethatspendingeverydayofyourlifeservingahusband

andfivechildrenwasn'tfunatall.Andthentherearethegrandchildrenwhoeventuallycome

alongdemandingCloudBiscuits,awholenewexpandedsetofpeopletofeed.

Shewasbasicallyaslave:othosehungrymouths,cookingscratchmealsthreetimesaday.

Whenshewasn'ttrappedinthekitchen,shehadtokeepthehouseclean,makesureshe

lookedgoodenoughtobesociallyacceptable,andmakesureherkidsandhusbandlookedgood

enoughtobesociallyacceptable.Andshehadnodaysoff.

Iknowmygrandmalovesherkidsandhergrandkids,herhusbandandthelifesheled,butman,

itmusthavebeenalotofthankless,mindlesslabor.

Nowondereveryonewentall-inonprocessedfoodswhentheycamearound.Imaginethenice

breaksomethinglikeamicrowavedinnerwouldgiveawomanworking,unpaid,forherfamily

everysingleday?

Ialsohadanothergrandma.ShewasascholarwhohelpedfoundtheCenterfortheStudyof

WomeninSocietyatUniversityofOregon.Shewasapioneeringsecond-wavefeministwho

wrotebooks,gavelecturesandtraveledtheworld.

But,shedidallofthatafterdivorcingmygrandpa,whenmostofherkidswereoutofthe

house.Backthen,inthe1950sandthe1960s,therewasnoillusionaboutwomen"havingitall".

Howcouldthatevenpossiblyhappen?Ifyouweretakingcareofafamily,waitingonyour

husband,youhadnotimetofollowyourdreams,unlessyoumadethatyourdream.

Alotofwomentookthatapproach.WecallitStockholmSyndromenow.

Andofcourse,thesewomenIamtalkingaboutareupper-middle-classwhitewomen.

Romanticizingthe1950sisespeciallydisgustingwhenyou：hinkabouthowwomenofcolorand

poorwomenweretreatedbackthen,andthelackofeducationandchoicesavailabletothem.

Becausethewomeninthiscountrydemandedsomethingapproachingequality,Holtehasthe

chancetoliveoutherfantasy.NoteverywomaninAmericaissolucky.

Westilldon'thavepayequalityandinmanystates,westilldon'thaveautonomyoverourown

bodies.Poorwomenandwomenofcolorstilllacktheopportunitiesoftheirwealthyandwhite

peers.

Andwhileit'sgettingbetter,womenarestillexpectedtoberesponsiblefortheemotional

laborofrunningahouseholdandraisingthechildren.

Butatleastwecangetjobs.Atleastwedon'thavetosewourownclothes,wearafullfsceof

makeupeverydayandspendhoursmakingCloudBiscuitssomeungratefulkidwillwolfcown,

barelyrememberingtosaythankyou.

(1)Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthefutureourforemothersfoughtfor?

A.Watchingshowslike"ILoveLucy"andlisteningtovinylrecordings.

B.Havingthefreedomtomakechoicesintheirdailylife.

C.MakingCloudBiscuitsfortheirkidsandhusbands.

D.Makingsuretheirkidsandhusbandssociallyacceptable.

(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph13referto?

A.Writingbooks,givinglecturesandtravelingtheworld.

B.Divorcinghusbandwhenkidswereoutofhouse.

C.Takingcareofafamilyandwaitingonhusband.

D.Women'sillusionabout"havingitall".

(3)Whatdoesthe"StockholmSyndrome"inparagraph14reallymeaninthepassage?

A.Womenhavebeenusedtotheunfairtreatmentathome

B.Womennowadayslikethewayoflifeinthe1950s.

C.Victimsendupsympathizingwiththeabusers.

D.Womenhavethechancetoliveouttheirdreams.

(4)Theauthorthinksofthelifeofa1950shousewifeas.

A.fantasticB.admirableC.awfulD.unforgettable

(5)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Itwasawasteoftimetogivegrandchildrentherecipe.

B.AllwomenarenotluckytofollowtheirowndreamsinAmericanow.

C.Housewivesreceivedrecognitionfortheireffortsfromfamilymembers.

D.Theupper-middle-classwhitewomendidabetterjobinrunningthehousehold.

(6)Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Toshowgreatappreciationtohergrandmas.

B.Tocallonhousewivestoclaimthepayforthehouseworktheyundertake.

C.Todrawreaders'attentiontothesituationswomenface,especiallythosepoorandofcolor.

D.Toarousewomen'sawarenessofequalpayatwork.

【答案】(1)B

(2)C

(3)A

(4)C

(5)B

(6)C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为在日常生活中拥有选择的自山是我们的祖

先为之奋斗的未来，同时想让读者注意到女性所面临的处境，尤其是那些贫穷的有色人

种。

<1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Everyoneshouldbesoluckyastogettodecidewhat

theywearandhowtheyspendtheirtime.That'sthefutureourforemothersfoughtfor.“每个人

都应该很幸运，能够决定自己穿什么，如何度过时间,这就是我们的祖先为之奋斗的未

来，可知，作者认为在日常生活中拥有选择的自由是我们的祖先为之奋斗的未来。故选

Bo

(2)考杳代词指代。根据第十三段中的"Ifyouweretakingcareofafamily,waitingonyour

husband,youhadnotimetofollowyourdreams,unlessyoumadethatyourdream."如果你要照

顾一个家庭，服侍你的丈夫，你就没有时间去追求你的梦想，除非你把它当成你的梦想，

可知,that指代的其实是前面的内容,也就是takingcareofafamily,waitingonyour

husbando故选C。

(3)考查词义猜测。根据第十四段中的"Alotofwomentookthatapproach.Wecallit

StockholmSyndromenow."很多女性采取了这种方式。我们现在称之为Stockholm

Syndrome,可知，我们现在把1950s很多女性接受了这个方式生活下去的这个现象称作

StockholmSyndrome。根据上文可知，1950s很多女性的生.活方式则是——照顾家庭、服侍

丈夫、没有时间去追求自己的梦想，这对女性来讲是不公平的，故选A。

(4)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Ithinkit'simportanttorememberthatbeinga1950s

housewifewasactuallytotallyawful,andsomethingourgrandmothersandmothersfought

against."我认为重要的是要记住，作为一个50年代的家庭主妇实际上是非常糟糕的，这是

我们的祖母和母亲所反对的。可知，作者认为20世纪50年代家庭主妇的生活很糟糕。故

选Co

(5)考查推理判断。根据倒数第四段中的"Holtehasthechancetoliveoutherfantasy.Not

everywomaninAmericaissolucky.”霍尔特有机会实现她的梦想。不是每个美国女人都这么

幸运。可推知，在美国，并不是所有的女性都有机会追逐自己的梦想。故选B。

(6)考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段"Westilldon'thavepayequalityandinmanystates,we

stilldon'thaveautonomyoverourownbodies.Poorworrenandwomenofcolorstilllackthe

opportunitiesoftheirwealthyandwhitepeers."我们仍然没有薪酬平等，在许多州，我仍然

没有对自己身体的自主权。贫困妇女和有色人种妇女仍然缺乏与富裕和白人妇女同等的机

会。由可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是让读者注意到女性所面临的情况，尤其是那些

贫穷和有色人种的情况。。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，词义猜测和推理判断四个题型的考查，是一

篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行

分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

4.阅读理解

Whenyouliveintotalmessiness—cookiesinyourpantsdraws,andsomeoldNewYorkersor

appleseedsinyourbed—it'shardtoknowwheretolookforwhenyouloseyourkeys.Theother

day,aftertwoweeksofsearching,Ifoundmykeysintherefrigerator.Ican'tsayIwassurp-ised.

ButIwassurprisedwhenIwasdiagnosedwithADHD(多动症)，whenIwasajunioratYale.

Accordingtoanewstudy,11%ofschool-agechildrenhavereceivedanADHDdiagnosis,a16%

increasesince2007.Andrisingdiagnosesmeanrisingtreatments—drugslikeAdderallaremore

accessiblethanever.However,theconsequencesofmisuseandabuseofthesedrugsare

dangerous.

YetalsoharmfularetheconsequencesofADHDundiagnosed,anall-too-commonstoryfor

womenlikeme,whohavesymptoms,likedisorganizationandforgetfulness,whichlookdifferent

fromthosetypicallyexpressedinmales.

Dr.Ellen,authorofUnderstandingGirlswithADHD,hasfoundaround4millionfemaleswith

ADHDarenotdiagnosed."Themainreasonisthatthediagnosticcriteriaweredevelopedbased

onthosehyperactive(过度活跃)youngboystakentoclinics,makingitdifficultforgirlstobe

diagnosedunlesstheybehavelikehyperactiveboys."Ellensays.

Besides,theideathatyoungwomenactuallyhaveADHDoftencausesskepticism.Asatop

student,Ididn'tbelievemydiagnosisatfirst.Myfriendswerealsoconfused,andrathercertain

mydoctorwasmisguided.

"Often,ifgirlsaresmartorinsupportivehomes,symptomsaremasked,"Dr.Ellensays.'Girls

willhidetheirinabilitytomeetsocialexpectations.Theyseetheirtroubleorganizing,and

concentratingascharacterflaws(缺陷)

Theseyears,Iambothembarrassedandexhaustedbymystrugglestokeeptrackofobjects,

butdrughashelpeditandmadeitmorebearable.

(1)Thewriterpresentsthefirstparagraphto__.

A.airherviewwithanexampleB.bringupthetopicofthepassage

C.showyoungpeople'smessinessD.proveYalealsohasADHDstudents

(2)ManyfemalewithADHDarenotdiagnosedmainlybecause__.

A.thediagnosticcriteriaaremadeaccordingtomaleADHD

B.theyaresmartenoughtomasktheirADHDsymptoms

C.theydon'tviewtheirtroubleassymptomsofADHD

D.womenADHDaremorehyperactivethanyoungboys

(3)Whatdoestheword'skepticism"inParagraph5probablymean?

A.panic.

B.stubbornness.

C.debate.

D.doubt.

(4)Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.WhyfemaleADHDpatientsdevelopthedisease.

B.WhymanyfemaleADHDpatientsareundiagnosed.

C.HowyoungADHDpatientsarecuredofthedisease.

D.HowmuchhelpADHDpatientscangetfrommedication.

【答案】(1)B

(2)A

(3)D

(4)B

【解析】【分析】文章借由作者的亲身经历讲述女性多动症不容易被诊断出来的原因。

(1)推理判断题。根据文章第一段的结构和ButIwassurprisedwhenIwasdiagnosedwith

ADHD(多动症),whenIwasajunioratYale.以及下文关于多动症的内容可知,作者讲述第

一段的目的是为了引出下文关于多动症的话题，故选B项。

(2)细节理解题。根据文章第四段的Themainreasonisthatthediagnosticcriteriawere

developedbasedonthosehyperactive(过度活跃)youngboystakentoclinics,makingit

difficultforgirlstobediagnosedunlesstheybehavelikehyperactiveboys.可知诊断多动疗的标

准是基于过度活跃的年轻男孩来制定的，所以很难诊断出女孩，除非她们的行为像过度活

跃的男孩，故选A项。

(3)词义猜测题。根据画线部分后面的Asatopstudent,Ididn'tbelievemydiagnosisat

first.Myfriendswerealsoconfused,andrathercertainmydoctorwasmisguided.可知作者一开

始不相信多动症的诊断结果，她的朋友也很困惑，认为是医生诊断错误，即她们都怀疑医

生的诊断，故推测画线部分的意思是“怀疑"，故选D项c

(4)主旨大意题。文章第三段主要讲述女性多动症的症状和男性不同；第四段主要讲述

女孩很难被诊断出多动症，因为诊断标准是按男性制定的；第五段上要讲述女性自己会怀

疑诊断结果；第六段主要讲述女性会把多动症症状隐藏起来。综上所述，本文主要讲述女

性不容易被诊断出多动症的原因，故选B项。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题，

细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词

义猜测题要结合划线词所在语境，推测词义；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找

出中心思想

5.阅读理解

Beingforgivingtoyourselfandotherscanprotectagainststressandtheharmitdoestomental

health,accordingtoanewstudyintheJournalofHealthPsychology.

Researcherslookedattheeffectsoflifetimestressonaperson'smentalhealth,andhowmore

forgivingpeoplegotalongcomparedwithpeoplewhoweren'tsoforgiving.Todothis,theyasked

148youngadultstofilloutquestionnairesthatassessedtheirlevelsoflifetimestress,their

tendencytoforgiveandtheirmentalandphysicalhealth.

Nosurprise,peoplewithgreaterexposuretostresshadworsementalandphysicalhealth.But

theresearchersalsodiscoveredthatifpeoplewerehighlyforgivingofboththemselvesand

others,thatcharacteristicalonealmostremovedtheconnectionbetweenstressandmental

illness.

"It'salmostentirelyerased—it'szero,"saysstudyauthorToussaint."Ifyoudon'thaveforgiving

tendencies,youfeeltheimmediateeffectsofstressinasevereway.Youdon'thaveanythingto

cushionyouagainstthatstress."

Howaforgivingpersonalityprotectsapersonfromtheinfluenceofseverestressishardto

determine.Theresearchersinferthatpeoplewhoaremoreforgivingmayadoptbetterskillsto

dealwithstress,ortheirreactiontomajorstressors(压力》原)maybeslow.

Thoughmoreresearchisneededtofullyunderstandthebenefitsofbeingmoreforgiving,

Toussaintbelieves"100%"tnatforgivenesscanbelearned.Hisownpreviousresearchhasshown

thatsayingashortprayeronforgivenesscanhelppeopletaketheed^eoff."Ithinkmostpeople

wanttofeelgoodandforgivenessoffersyoutheopportunitytodothat,"hesays.

(1)Theresearchersgottheeffectofforgivingby.

A.analyzingquestionnairesB.doingscientificexperiment

C.writingresearchpapersD.communicatingwith148adults

(2)Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Forgivingtendenciescandealwithallmentalproblems.

B.Itremainsunknownwhyforgivenesshelpstoreducestress.

C.Toussaint'sstudyhasfullydiscoveredthebenefitsofbeingforgiving.

D.Sayingashortprayeronforgivenessisthekeytogettingridofstress.

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"taketheedgeoff'inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.Lookahead.B.Becomerelaxed.C.Makeuptheirmind.D.Sticktotheirgoals.

(4)Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AnewstudyonphysicalhealthB.Forgivingyourselfmakesyoufeelgood

C.ForgivenessisgoodformentalhealthD.Gettingridofstressisgoodforyourhealth

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)B

(4)C

【解析】【分析】研究发现拥有一颗宽容的心，能减少焦虑和压力，让人心理健康。

(1)细节理解题。根据文章第二段的Todothis,theyasked148youngadultstofillout

questionnairesthatassessedtheirlevelsoflifetimestress,可知,为了弄明白真相,研究人员

让148个人填写了问卷调查，即他们是通过研究问卷调查来得出宽容的影响，故选A项。

(2)推理判断题。根据文章第五段的Howaforgivingpersonalityprotectsapersonfromthe

influenceofseverestressishardtodetermine,可知目前很难确定宽容是如何防止人们不受严

重压力的伤害，故推断宽容可以减少压力的原因是未知的，故选B项。

(3)词义猜测题。根据画线部分下文的Ithinkmostpeoplewanttofeelgoodand

forgivenessoffersyoutheopportunitytodothat可知宽容能让人感觉良好，故推测画线部分

所在句子意思是：说一个和宽容相关的祷言能让人感觉良好。故划线部分的意思和“感觉良

好”接近，故选B项。

(4)主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第•段为主题段，根据文章第一段的Beingforgivingto

yourselfandotherscanprotectagainststressandtheharmitdoestomentalhealth,可知本文主

要讲述宽容对精神健康有好处，故选C项。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题，

细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词

义猜测题，要联系上卜.文，猜测划线词在题中的含义；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大

意之后找出中心思想。

6.阅读理解

AlisonMaimonwastrappingup（完成）theendofherfreshmanyearattheUniversityof

Pennsylvania,USwhenshegotthenews:HerolderbrotherBrian,astudentatColumbia

University,wassufferingfrommentalillness.

Inspiredbythis,Maimonformedagroupatheruniversitytoempower（使能够）studentsto

talkopenlyaboutmentalhealth.Itsoonblossomedintoanationalorganizationthattodayhas

morethan450campuschapters.Leaderswiththeorganizationspendtheirtimetalkingwith

collegestudentsaboutthepressurethattoday'syoungpeopleface.

"Whatyouhearoftenisjustaneedtobeperfect,"ssidMaimon,"andaneedtopresent

oneselfasperfect."

AndanewstudyintheUKprovedthatthisneedforperfectionismissimplypartoftoday's

society.Inthestudy,tworesearchersstudiedmorethan40,000studentsfromtheUS,Canada,

andtheUK.Theyfoundthatwhattheycalled"sociallyprescribed（社会定向型的）perfectionism"

increasedbyathirdbetween1989and2016.

LeadresearcherThomasCurransaidthatwhilesomanyoftoday'syoungpeopletrytopresent

aperfectappearanceonline,socialmediaisn'ttheonlyreasonbehindthistrend.Instead,hesaid,

itmaybedrivenbycompetitioninmodernsociety,meaningyoungpeoplecan'tavoidoeing

sortedandrankedinbotheducationandemployment.Thatcomesfromnewnorms（准则）like

greaternumbersofcollegestudents,standardizedtestingandparentingthatincreasingly

emphasizessuccessineducation.

Forexample,in1976,halfofhighschoolseniorsexpectedtogetacollegedegreeofsomekind.

By2008,morethan80percentexpectedthesame.Theresearchersalsosaidchangesin

parentingstylesoverthelasttwodecadesmighthavehadanimpact.Asparentsfeelincreased

pressuretoraisesuccessfulchildren,theyinturnpasstheir"achievementanxieties"ontotheir

kidsthrough"excessive（过多的）involvementintheirchild'sroutines,activitiesoremotions"

ThoseinthementalhealthcommunitylikeMaimonsaythey'reconcernedabouttheimpact

thecultureofperfectionismhasonmentalhealthoncampuses."Mentalhealthhastrulybecome

thisgeneration'ssocialjusticeissue,"shesaid."It'sourjobtoequipthemwiththetoolsandto

letpeopleknowthatit'snottheirfault."

（1）Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?

A.Theeffectsofthecultureofperfectionism.

B.Researchintothetrendofperfectionism.

C.Agroupdedicatedtohelpingpeoplestaymentallyhealthy.

D.Variouspressuresthattoday'syoungpeoplearefacing.

（2）WhatinspiredAlisonMaimontostartagrouprelatedtomentalhealth?

A.Herbrother'smentalillness.

B.Herprojectduringthefreshmanyear.

C.Thepressureshehadexperienced.

D.Herstronginterestinmentalhealth.

（3）WhatdoesMaimonthinkisawaytohelpyoungpeoplemanagethepressureof

perfectionism?

A.Enablingthemtoknowwhatistoblamefortheirpressure.

B.Loweringtheirexpectationsofthemselves.

C.Reducingparentsinvolvementintheirchildren'slife.

0.Makingthemawareofwhattruesocialjusticeis.

【答案】(1)B

(2)A

(3)A

【解析】【分析】研究发现完美主义会给人带来压力，进而影响人的精神健康。造成完美

主义的原因主要有三个，即自身原因，社会竞争，和父母教养。

(1)主旨大意题。根据文章第四段的AndanewstudyintheUKprovedthatthisneedfor

perfectionismissimplypartoftoday'ssociety,第五段的LeadresearcherThomasCurransaid

thatwhilesomanyoftoday'syoungpeopletrytopresentaperfectappearanceonline,social

mediaisn'ttheonlyreasonbehindthistrend.和第六段的Theresearchersalsosaidchangesin

parentingstylesoverthelasttwodecadesmighthavehadanimpact.可知本文主要讲述对于完

美主义这一趋势的研究发现，故选B项。

(2)细节理解题。根据文章第一、二段的HerolderbrotherBrian,astudentatColumbia

University,wassufferingfrommentalillness.Inspiredbythis,Maimonformedagroupather

universitytoempower(使能够)studentstotalkopenlyaboutmentalhealth.可知Maimon受至ij

哥哥精神疾病的启发，发动了一群人发表对精神健康的看法，故选A项。

(3)细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的shesaid."It'sojrjobtoequipthemwiththetools

andtoletpeopleknowthatit'snottheirfault."可知Maimon认为要解决完美主义所带来的压

力问题的关键是给他们提供方法，并且让他们知道有压力不是他们的错，即要让他们找到

引起压力的原因，故选A项。

【点评】考查阅读理解，涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要注意仔细阅读文

章，从文章中找出答案；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7.阅读理解

It'snosurprisetohearthehonkingofhornsinNewYork.Whoevertrieseverydaytogetmore

thanafewminutesofsleepinthemorninginthecitywilltellyouthathecoulddonothingabout

it!Noonecandenyhonkingofhornsisjustoneofhismostwidelyenjoyedpastimes.

ButAndy,aJapanesewebsitedeveloperhashadenoughofit.Once,the27-year-oldman

approachedtheopenwindowtowaitforthedrivertofinishhonking,deliveredapolite"excuse

me"andthenyelled"Ho-o-o-o-onk!"zwhichmeansfierceangerinJapan.Thenhethrewthree

eggsfromthewindowofhisapartmentontoapassingcarhonkingloudlybelowwhenhis

patiencewaswornout.Insteadofapologizingtohim,thedriverthreatenedtokillhimangrily.So,

nobly,Andyturnedtonon-violence.Hestartedwritinganti-honkinghaikuverses,aformof

Japanesepoetry,andsubmittedthemtolocalnewspapers:

Oh.forgetEnron;

Theproblemaroundhereis;Allthedamnhonking(Enron:amajorAmericancompanythat

recentlycauseda