2025届高考英语一轮复习语法讲义：一般过去时和一般将来时+知识点梳理（基础篇）

2025届高考英语一轮复习语法讲义（基础篇）一般过去时和一般将来时知识点梳理第一部分：一般过去时什么时候用一般过去时？当我想表达“一件事发生在过去”时，我昨天吃了两个苹果。Iatetwoapplesyesterday.他去年毕业的。Hegraduatedlastyear.A.主谓宾(动作)

a.肯定句

I

watched

TVyesterday.

He

watched

TVyesterday.

They

watched

TVyesterday.【谓语动词得用过去式，无论主语是谁。】什么是动词的过去式呢？请看下表。原形过去式过去分词现在分词eatateeateneatingcome

camecomecomingwatchwatchedwatchedwatching·有一个东东叫《不规则动词表》

，里面的动词在形式变化上是不规则的，需要单独记忆，如eat和come。而不在上面的动词则是规则的，过去式+ed，过去分词+ed，现在分词+ing，如watch。

b.否定句

Ididn'twatchTVyesterday.

(did

not)

He

didn't

watch

TV

yesterday.

They

didn't

watch

TVyesterday.

【主谓宾否定，要借助助动词did的帮助，在后面加上not，变成didn't】【助动词did即“do/does”的过去式，后加动词原形

】

c.疑问句

DidyouwatchTVyesterday?

Didn'tyouwatchTVyesterday?

(Did

younotwatchTVyesterday?)

Did

theywatchTVyesterday?

Didn't

theywatchTVyesterday?

(Did

theynot

watchTVyesterday?)【主谓宾疑问，要借助助动词did的帮助，将其放于句首，其他成分顺序不变，但谓语动词要变为原形哦。】B.主系表(状态)

a.肯定句

Iwashappyyesterday.

Hewashappyyesterday.

Theywerehappyyesterday.【am和is的过去式为was，are的过去式为were】

b.否定句

Iwasn't

happyyesterday.(wasnot)

Hewasn'thappyyesterday.

Theyweren't

happyyesterday.

(werenot)【Be动词自给自足，不需要助动词的帮助。故否定be动词直接加not】

c.疑问句

Was

Ihappyyesterday?

Wasn'tIhappyyesterday?

(WasInothappyyesterday?)

Was

hehappyyesterday?

Wasn'the

happyyesterday?

(Washe

nothappyyesterday?)

Weretheyhappyyesterday?

Weren't

theyhappyyesterday?

(Were

theynothappyyesterday?)

【be动词自给自足，疑问直接将be动词提至句首，其他成分顺序不变。】Therebe结构的一般过去时肯定:Therewasastormyesterday.Thereweretwostormsyesterday.否定:Therewasn'tastormyesterday.

Thereweren'ttwostormsyesterday.

疑问:Wasthereastormyesterday?Wasn'tthereastormyesterday?(Wastherenotastormyesterday?)Weretheretwostormsyesterday?

Weren'ttheretwostormsyesterday?(Weretherenottwostormsyesterday?)【be动词自给自足，故否定直接加not，疑问直接将其提至句首。】例题赏析：【2024年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】TangandShakespearewerecontemporariesandbothdiedin1616.Althoughtheycouldneverhavemet,therearecommon______

(theme)intheirworks,saidPaulEdmondson,headofresearchfortheShakespeareBirthplaceTrust.“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout______

(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.【第一空详解】考查名词的数。句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管PaulEdmondson说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“therebe”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。【第二空详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“someofthethings”，复数。故填were。第二部分：一般将来时什么时候用一般将来时？当想表达“一件事将在未来发生”时，我明天会吃一个派。Iwilleatapietomorrow.他明年会毕业。Hewillgraduatenextyear.A.主谓宾(动作)

a.肯定句

I

willwatch

TVtomorrow.

He

willwatch

TVtomorrow.

Theywillwatch

TVtomorrow.【一般将来时要借助助动词“will”，其后+动词原形，主语不影响will的形式】

b.否定句

Iwon'twatchTVtomorrow.

(willnot)

He

won't

watch

TV

tomorrow.

They

won't

watch

TVtomorrow.

【否定句直接在will后面+not，变成won't】

c.疑问句

WillyouwatchTVtomorrow?

Won'tyouwatchTVtomorrow?

(WillyounotwatchTVtomorrow?)

Will

theywatchTVtomorrow?

Won't

theywatchTVtomorrow?

(Willtheynot

watchTVtomorrow?)【疑问句直接将will/won't提于句首，其他成分顺序不变。】B.主系表(状态)

a.肯定句

Iwillbehappytomorrow.

Hewillbe

happytomorrow.

Theywillbehappytomorrow.【主系表也要借助助动词"will"，be动词的原形即为“be”】

b.否定句

Iwon'tbe

happytomorrow.

Hewon'tbehappytomorrow.

Theywon'tbe

happytomorrow.【否定句直接在will后面+not，变成won't】

c.疑问句

Will

Ibehappytomorrow?

Won'tIbehappytomorrow?

(Will

Inotbehappytomorrow?)

Will

hebehappytomorrow?

Won'thehappytomorrow?

(Will

he

notbehappytomorrow?)

【疑问句直接将will/won't提于句首，其他成分顺序不变。】Therebe结构的一般将来时【Therewillbe...】肯定:Therewillbe

astormtomorrow.Therewillbetwostormstomorrow.否定:Therewon'tbeastormtomorrow.

Therewon'tbetwostormstomorrow.

疑问:Will

therebeastormtomorrow?Won'ttherebeastormtomorrow?(Will

therenotbeastormtomorrow?)【Therebe结构也借助助动词“will”，否定直接+not，疑问直接将其提至句首。】一般将来时的其他结构①begoingtodosth.【短期之内将要发生】肯定：Iamgoingto

leave

you.我要离开你了。Heisgoingtogive

youasurprise.他将会给你个惊喜。Wearegoingtohaveapicnictomorrow.我们明天将会去野餐。否定+疑问：be动词自给自足，否定句直接+not，疑问句直接提至句首。Iamnot

goingtoleaveyou.He

isn'tgoingto

give

youasurprise.We

aren'tgoingto

haveapicnic

tomorrow.Areyougoing

toleaveme?Isn'thegoingto

giveyouasurprise?Are

wegoingtohaveapicnictomorrow?Therebe结构【Therebegoingtobe...】Thereisgoingtobeastorm

tonight.Istheregoingtobe

astormtonight?②shalldosth.【仅限主语为I/We时】shall为助动词，其后+动词原形。肯定：Ishallleaveyou.Weshall

havea

picnictomorrow.否定+疑问：否定句shall直接+not，疑问句将其提至句首。Ishallnotleaveyou.Shallwehavea

picnictomorrow?③beabouttodosth.【马上要发生的事】Don'tleavenow.Weareabouttohavelunch.别走呀，我们就要吃午饭了。Wait.Heisaboutto

tellmeasecret.等等，他就要告诉我一个秘密了。例题赏析：1．Iguessmostparents

(support)thenewplanatthemeetingtomorrow.【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：我想在明天的会议上大多数家长都会支持这个新计划。此空为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语tomorrow可知，此