隧道施工项目六支护施工30课件

Tunnelconstruction

隧道施工

项目六支护施工Project6Supportconstruction任务一初期支护Task1InitialSupport——钢支撑施工Steelsupportconstruction学习目标Learningobjectives2知识目标Knowledgeobjectives能力目标Competencyobjectives通过本任务的学习，学生应了解钢支撑施工工艺流程，掌握钢支撑施工过程质量控制要点；Throughthestudyofthistask,studentsshouldunderstandthesteelsupportconstructionprocessandmasterthekeypointsofqualitycontrolinthesteelsupportconstructionprocess;通过本任务的学习，学生应能初步具备钢支撑施工及质量控制能力、具备编制钢支撑施工技术交底的能力。Throughthestudyofthistask,studentsshouldbeabletoinitiallyhavetheabilityofsteelsupportconstructionandqualitycontrol,andtheabilitytopreparesteelsupportconstructiontechnology.五、钢架支撑Steelframesupport4.钢架施工Steelframeconstruction（1）钢架加工Steelframeprocessing1）加工场地用砼硬化，精确抹平，按设计放出1：1加工大样。Theprocessingsiteishardenedwithconcrete,preciselysmoothed,anda1:1processingsampleisreleasedaccordingtothedesign.2）采用型钢弯制机按照隧道断面曲率分节进行弯制，弯制完成后，先在加工场地上进行试拼。2)Thesectionsteelbendingmachineisusedtobendaccordingtothecurvatureofthetunnelsection,andafterthebendingiscompleted,thetrialspellingiscarriedoutontheprocessingsite.

五、钢架支撑Steelframesupport4.钢架施工Steelframeconstruction（1）钢架加工Steelframeprocessing3）各节钢架拼装，要求尺寸准确，弧形圆顺。要求沿隧道周边轮廓误差不大于3cm；型钢钢架平放时，平面翘曲小于2cm。3)Eachsectionofsteelframeassembly,requiringaccuratesize,arcroundandsmooth.Itisrequiredthatthecontourerroralongtheperimeterofthetunnelisnotmorethan3cm;Whenthesectionsteelframeisplacedflat,theplanewarpislessthan2cm.4）型钢钢架各单元必须明确标出类型和单元号，并分单元堆放于地面干燥的防雨蓬内4)Theunitsofthesectionsteelframemustbeclearlymarkedwiththetypeandunitnumber,andthesub-unitsarestackedinthedrycanopyontheground

五、钢架支撑Steelframesupport4.钢架施工Steelframeconstruction（2）钢架安装Steelframemounting钢架安装通常在开挖初喷完成后立即进行。Steelframeinstallationisusuallyperformedimmediatelyaftertheinitialblastofexcavation.根据测设的位置，各节钢架以螺栓连接，连接板应密贴。Accordingtothelocationofthemeasurement,eachsectionofthesteelframeisbolted,andtheconnectionplateshouldbecloselyattached.

五、钢架支撑Steelframesupport4.钢架施工Steelframeconstruction为保证各节钢架在全环封闭之前置于稳固的地基上，安装前应清除各节钢架底脚下的虚碴及杂物。Inordertoensurethateachsectionofsteelframeisplacedonasolidfoundationbeforethefullringisclosed,thefalseballastanddebrisatthebottomofeachsectionofsteelframeshouldberemovedbeforeinstallation.钢架初步就位后，加固前，现场架设测量仪器检查钢架各节点处设计高程，达到要求后才能进行钢架加固。Afterthesteelframeisinitiallyinplace,beforereinforcement,theon-siteerectionmeasuringinstrumentchecksthedesignelevationateachnodeofthesteelframe,andthesteelframereinforcementcanbecarriedoutaftermeetingtherequirements.架立钢架后应尽快进行喷砼作业，以使钢架与喷砼共同受力。喷射砼分层进行，先从拱脚或墙角处由下向上喷射，防止上层喷射料虚掩拱脚（墙角）不密实，造成强度不够，拱脚（墙角）失稳。Aftererectingthesteelframe,theconcretesprayingoperationshouldbecarriedoutassoonaspossiblesothatthesteelframeandtheconcretesprayerarejointlystressed.Sprayconcreteiscarriedoutinlayers,firstfromthearchfootorwallcornerfromthebottomup,topreventtheupperspraymaterialtocoverthearchfoot(wallcorner)isnotdense,resultingininsufficientstrength,archfoot(wallcorner)instability.

五、钢架支撑Steelframesupport4.钢架施工Steelframeconstruction（3）钢架联结、加固Steelframeconnection,reinforcement1）每侧安设根锁脚锚管将其锁定；Arootlockfootanchorisinstalledoneachsidetolockit;采用φ22，环向间距1m的纵向连接钢筋；Thelongitudinalconnectionreinforcementwithφ22,ringspacingof1misadopted2）落底接长和仰拱相连并及时喷射砼。Thebottomjointisconnectedtothearchandsprayconcreteintime.3）接长钢架和上部钢架通过垫板用螺栓牢固准确连接。Theconnectinglongsteelframeandtheuppersteelframearefirmlyandaccuratelyconnectedbyboltsonthegasket.

五、钢架支撑Steelframesupport4.钢架施工Steelframeconstruction（4）施工要点Constructionpoints1)钢架的截面高度应与喷混凝土厚度相适应，一般常用为16~20cm，且要有一定保护层。1)Thecross-sectionalheightofthesteelframeshouldbeadaptedtothethicknessofthesprayedconcrete,whichisgenerallyusedas16to20cm,andthereshouldbeacertainprotectivelayer.2)安装前应清除底脚下的虚碴及杂物；2)Beforeinstallation,thehypocrisyanddebrisunderthebottomfootshouldberemoved;3)各节钢架间应以螺栓连接，连接板应密贴；Eachsectionofsteelframeshouldbeboltedtogether,andtheconnectionplateshouldbecloselyattached;

五、钢架支撑Steelframesupport4.钢架施工Steelframeconstruction（4）施工要点Constructionpoints4)沿钢架外缘每隔2m用钢楔或混凝土预制块楔紧；Wedgewithsteelwedgesorconcreteprecastblocksevery2malongtheouteredgeofthesteelframe;5)钢架底脚应置于牢固的基础上，钢架之间应按设计纵向连接；Thebasefootofthesteelframeshouldbeplacedonasolidfoundation,andthelongitudinalconnectionbetweenthesteelframeshouldbedesigned;6)钢拱架的拱脚应有一定的埋置深度，以保证拱架脚的稳定（少沉降、少挤入）；Thearchfeetofthesteelarchshouldhaveacertaindepthofembeddingtoensurethestabilityofthearchfeet(lesssettlement,lesssqueezing)

五、钢架支撑Steelframesupport4.钢架施工.Steelframeconstruction（4）施工要点Constructionpoints7)钢拱架应尽可能多地与锚杆露头及钢筋网焊接，以增强其联合支护效应；Thesteelarchshouldbeweldedwithasmanyanchoroutcropsandsteelmeshaspossibletoenhanceitsjointsupporteffect8)可缩性钢拱架的可缩性节点不宜过早喷混凝土。应待其收缩合拢后，再补喷；Theshrinkablenodesoftheretractablesteelarchshouldnotbesprayedwithconcreteprematurely.Itshouldbesprayedafterithascontractedandclosed;

五、钢架支撑Steelframesupport4.钢架施工.Steelframecons