广东省广州市荔湾区2022-2023学年高一下学期英语期中考试试卷（含答案）

广东省广州市荔湾区2022-2023学年高一下学期英语期中考试试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六七八总分评分一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。BeijingImperialCourtFoodImperialCourtFood(宫廷菜)isastyleoffoodwithoriginsintheImperialPalaceanditiswell-knownfortheoriginalfeaturesoftherawmaterialsandcarefullyselectedingredients(原料).Besides,thedishesaredecoratedwithdifferentcoloredvegetablesandfruitsinvariousshapes.Eachdishhasaspecialname,suchasYuFengHuanChao.Today,ImperialCourtFoodhasbecomeanimportantschoolofChinesecookingwithseveralplacesofferingthisspecialtaste.Whileexpensive,itisworthtrying.RestaurantsofImperialCourtFoodLiJiaCaiRestaurantThedinnerhereisservedbysetmenustartingat¥298/person.Thatistosay,aguestcannotorderadishbutasetofdishes.Therearenochemicalsinthedishesandalltastesarenatural.ThisrestauranthaswelcomedmanyfamouspeopleincludingBillGates,theformerpremierofBritain,JohnMajor,andChinesesuperstarJackieChan.YushanRestaurantThelayoutoftherestaurantfollowstheimperialpalace.Wheneatingintherestaurant,dinersareservedbywaitressesintraditionalimperialclothes.DaZhaiMenThedishesandsnackscookedinthisrestaurantareworthytohaveatry.And,thetraditionalperformancesatnightisoneoftherestaurant'sattractions.RoyalPalaceBothofthefoodandserviceofthisrestaurantaresogood.Youcanalsoenjoysomewonderfulperformancesinthislargecourtyard.1．ImperialCourtFoodisfamousbecauseofthefollowingEXCEPT.A．prettydecorations B．selectivematerialsC．reasonableprices D．pleasantnames2．InwhichrestaurantcanyouenjoyChinesetraditionalperformances?A．LiJiaCaiRestaurant. B．DaZhaiMen.C．YushanRestaurant. D．RoyalPalace.3．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．TodescribewhatImperialCourtFoodislike.B．TopersuadethereaderstotryImperialCourtFood.C．TocomparedifferentrestaurantsofImperialCourtFood.D．TointroduceImperialCourtFoodandrelatedrestaurants.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。Iwasfiveyearsoldwhenmylittlebrother,Mark,wasborn.Onthephotos,Iappearedsothrilledthathehadfinallyarrived.Iheldandbathedhim,smilingfromcheektocheek.Idonotrememberthatfeelingnow.Beingthefirstchildinthefamily,Iwastheonemyparentstestedtheirnewparentingtechniqueson.Iwastheirguineapig.Markwasalwaysthehappyone,thejoker,theonewhowonbecauseofmybattleswithmyparents.Aftertoomanyfights,IdeclaredwaronMark.Wewerenowenemies.AllIrememberisbeingjealousofandangrywithmyinnocentlittlebrother.Thus,Imadehislifeasuffering.Ifooled,embarrassed,andfoughtwithhim,oftenleavinghiminfloodsoftears.OurlittlesisterwasbornwhenIwas11andinstantlysheandMarkcouldnotbeseparated.Theypushedmeaside.DidIgrowintoanugliergreen-eyedmonsterbecausetheylovedeachothersomuch?Thankfully,Markquicklygrewtallandstrong,andourconflictlookedmorelikeacoldwarthanbloodshed.ItallendedsuddenlywhenIwenttostudyabroad.Thehatred(仇恨)disappearedandloveclimbedin.DespitealltheabuseMarksufferedhehasimpliedthathehasforgivenme,oreventhatthereisnothingtoforgive,althoughIhaveneverbroughtupthesubjectintoomuchdetail.Iwouldliketo;however,itwouldbeaselfishmovetolookformoreforgiveness.ButIprefertorememberthehurt.Duringallthosewastedyears,Ishouldhavebeenthelovingsisterdefendinginsteadofattacking.4．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"thrilled"inthefirstparagraph?A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Terrified. D．Disappointed.5．Whydidthewriterconsiderherbrotherasherenemy?A．Shedidn'tlikeherbrother. B．She'dliketobeamonster.C．Shedidsooutofjealousy. D．Sheusedtobebadlytreated.6．Whatcanweinferaboutthewriterfromthepassage?A．Herparents'preferenceforboystogirlsmadeherhateherbrother.B．Herconflictwithherbrotherendedwhenshewenttostudyabroad.C．Herparentsusedherasanexperimentalsubjectfortheirparentingtechniques.D．Separationhelpedherandherbrotherbuildupagoodrelationship.7．Whatdoesthewriterreallywanttotellusinthepassage?A．Shewaslookingformoreforgiveness.B．Shewasneverforgivenbyherbrother.C．Shefeltregretfulforwhatshehaddone.D．Shesufferedmuchabusefromherbrother.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。Thecommoncoldistheworld'smostwidespreadillness,whichisprobablywhytherearemoremyths(误区)aboutitthananyoftheotherillnesses.Themostwidespreadmistakeofallisthatcoldsarecausedbycold.Theyarenot.Theyarecausedbyvirusespassingonfrompersontoperson.Youcatchacoldbycomingintocontact,directlyorindirectly,withsomeonewhoalreadyhasone.Ifcoldcausescolds,itwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.AndinisolatedNorthPoleregionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfected(感染的)peoplefromtheoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmaildroppedfromairplanes.AttheCommonColdResearchUnitinEngland,volunteerstookpartinexperiments.Aftertakinghotbaths,theyputonbathingsuits,allowedthemselvestobedoused(浸入)withcoldwater,andthenstoodaboutdrippingwetindrafty(通风的)rooms.Someworewetsocksalldaywhileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion.Notoneofthevolunteerscamedownwithacoldunlessacoldviruswasactuallydroppedinhisnose.If,then,coldandwethavenothingtodowithcatchingcolds,whyaretheymorefrequentinthewinter?Oneexplanationofferedbyscientistsisthatpeopletendtostaytogetherindoorsmoreincoldweatherthanatothertimes,andthismakesiteasierforcoldvirusestobepassedon.Noonehasyetfoundacureforthecold.Therearedrugsandpainsuppressorssuchasaspirin,butalltheydoistoeasethesymptoms.8．WhatdoesthefactthattheEskimosdon'talwayssuffercoldsshow?A．Coldsaretrulyfullofmyths.B．Coldsaremoreseverethanotherillnesses.C．Theideathatcoldleadstocoldsisnottrue.D．TheEskimosarestrongerinfightingagainstviruses.9．WhatdidtheexperimentsmentionedinParagraph3prove?A．Beingdousedwithcoldwaterdidharmtoone'sbody.B．Takinghotbathsmadethevolunteerseasytobetired.C．Itwasvirusesnotwetandcoldthatmadepeoplecatchcolds.D．Peoplewhowouldliketoexerciseintheraingotcoldsmoreeasily.10．Whyarecoldscommonlyseeninwinter,accordingtothepassage?A．Virusescangointopeople'swarmbodiesmoreeasilyinwinter.B．Stayingtogetherindoorsmakesiteasierforvirusestospread.C．Peopleareusuallyweakbecauseoftheextremecoldinwinter.D．Thereisgreatdifferencebetweenindoorandoutdoortemperature.11．Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A．Themythsaboutcoldtreatment.B．Theexperimentsoncommoncolds.C．Thecontinuedspreadofcommoncolds.D．Thereasonandthewaypeoplecatchcolds.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。"Thepastisadifferentcountry;theydothingsdifferentlythere,"L.P.Hartleywroteinoneofhisbest-knownnovels,TheGo-Between.TotheBritishnovelist,thepastwasirrelevant.AndoneofmyAsianstudentsoncetoldme"Ihavenointerestinthepast.I'monlyinterestedinthepresentandthefuture."Ihavetodisagree."Thepast"isaveryinterestingcountry,andthemoreweknowaboutit,themorewewillbeabletounderstandthepresentandthus,prepareourselvesforthefuture.Anidealplace,asIseeit,thatcanallowustolookbackonthepastisthemuseum.Iprefertovisitmuseumsasifyouaresittinginthesameroomwithsomeofthegreatestmeninhistory.Whilenomuseumscanclaimtoofferacompletepictureofhumanhistory,thelessonswecanlearnfromtheeventsandwondersofthepastareofgreatvalue.Thankstomoderntechnology,museumsarebeingtransformedfromplacesoflookingandlearningtospacesofparticipationandinteraction.Alargenumberofimmersive(沉浸式)multi-mediadisplays,whichallowvisitorstoengagewithitsexhibitsduringtheirvisit,playabigpartattheShanghaiNaturalHistoryMuseum.Theriseintechnologyhasalsomademuseumsmoreaccessiblethanever.SincetheoutbreakofCOVID-19,traditionalmuseumshavestartedtothinkoutsideoftheboxinordertocreatenewwaysforvisitorstoexperiencetheircollectionsonline.Itisdefinitelygoodnewsforthosewhoarefascinatedbymuseumsbutarestrugglingtoactuallygothere.However,youshouldn'texpecttogetthesameexperiencethatanin-personvisitwouldprovide,atleast,thatis,fornow.InternationalMuseumDayisobservedonMay18everyyear.Thisisaquickreminderthatyoushouldalwayssparesometimetovisitmuseumsandappreciatethe"must-see‘em'"thingsthatareanimportantpartoftheculturalheritageofhumankind.12．Whatdoesthewriterthinkof"thepast"?A．Different. B．Unrelated.C．Significant. D．Understandable.13．Whyisthemuseumanidealplacetolookbackonthepast?A．It'swherethegreatmindsoncesat.B．It'swheretolearnandreflect.C．It'swheretolearnaboutpreviousevents.D．It'swheretoappreciateancientwonders.14．Whatdoes"outsideoftheboxway"inparagraph4referto?A．Allowingmorein-personvisits.B．Showingacompletepictureofhistory.C．Addingmulti-mediadisplays.D．Offeringonlineexhibits.15．Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TechnologyRevivesMuseums B．ObserveInternationalMuseumDayC．MuseumsAre"Must-see‘ems'" D．VisitMuseumsIn-personorOnline二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wateriscloselyrelatedtoourlives,anditisaninseparablepartofus.Studiesshowthatdrinkingenoughwaterfightsoffhealthproblems.16．Helpyouloseweight.Someresearchhassuggestedthatdrinkingplentyofwatercanhelpyouburncalories.17．Itfillsyouupsoyoudon'teatsomuch;itkeepsdownyourthirstsothatyoudon'tturntocalorie-richsodasorjuices.Protectagainstcancerandheartdisease.Waterhelpstransportnutrients(营养),hormonesandproteinsaroundthebody,and"messages"tothenervoussystem.Wateralsocleansourliver,kidneyandbladder.Infact,aUSstudyfoundthatmenwhodranksix250mlglassesofwateradayhalvedtheirriskofbladdercancer,whileanotherstudysuggestedthatwomenwhodrinkmorewatercuttheirriskofcoloncancerbyupto45percent.18．Strengthenyourimmunesystemwithashower.Ashowerwillsurelycleanourbodyfromheadtotoe.19．ADutchstudywhereparticipantstookhot-to-coldshowersfoundthattheyhadfewersickdaysfromwork.20．Swimmingisagreatno-sweatexercise.Notonlydoesitgiveyouafull-bodyworkoutandincreaseyourenergy,butitalsodoesn'tleaveyousweaty,becausethewateraroundyoukeepsyourbodycool.Likeswimming,boatingisalsolowimpactsportthatisgreatforyourarms,bodyandlegs,andhastheaddedbenefitofhavingameditative(冥想的)qualitythatcanreleasestress.A.Providephysicalactivityandrelaxation.B.Releasestressanddevelopyourthinking.C.Attheveryleast,itwilleaseyourhungerandaddyourenergy.D.Otherresearchfounditalsolowerswomen'sriskofaheartattack.E.Soitisbeneficialthatbothmanandwomandrinkplentyofwater.F.Italsohastheaddedadvantageofimprovingimmunityfromillness.G.Herearesomeofthewaysyourbodybenefitsfromthislife-savingliquid.三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TopherWhitevisitedawildlifereserveinIndonesia.Hewashikingthroughtherainforestwhenhecameacrossaman21．ahugetree.Thelogger(伐木工人)ranawaywhileseeingWhite,butthe22．botheredWhite.Heknewthewildlifereserveemployedrangers(护林员)towatchoutforloggersnotallowedbythelaw.Buttheguardshadn'tknownaboutthemanWhitesaw.Howdidthey23．him?Whitewondered.White,atrainedengineer,thought24．couldbepartofthesolutioninthefightagainstdeforestation.Hethen25．adevicehecallsGuardian,whichcan26．thesoundofachainsaw(链锯)fromtwo-thirdsofamileaway.Itis27．onthetree.WhenGuardiandetectsachainsaw,itsendsa28．torangers,indicatingwherethesoundiscomingfrom.Therangersthensetofftostoptheactivity."Ifyoureally29．themomentyougetthewarning,there'sa30．thatyoucanshowupbeforemuchofthetreehasbeencut,"Whitesays.WhiteinstalledthefirstGuardiansatthewildlifereservewherehegotthe31．fortheproject.Twodayslater,thedeviceshelpedrangers32．alogger.Thatmadehim33．otherscouldusethistoo.Sincethen,WhitehascreatedandinstalledGuardiansintencountries.Whitesayshecouldn'thavedoneanyofthiswithoutlocal34．."Wearejusttechsforthem,"hesays."Thepeoplewhoarereallymakinga35．andfightingdeforestationareonthegroundintherainforest."21．A．climbing B．planting C．cutting D．watching22．A．thought B．experience C．knowledge D．idea23．A．miss B．hate C．notice D．guard24．A．education B．tourism C．training D．technology25．A．discovered B．created C．described D．found26．A．giveout B．agreeto C．pickup D．turnup27．A．fixed B．returned C．followed D．circled28．A．warning B．message C．mistake D．request29．A．appear B．leave C．respond D．contribute30．A．chance B．fact C．decision D．result31．A．pleasure B．inspiration C．order D．invitation32．A．frighten B．bother C．inform D．interrupt33．A．believe B．imagine C．explain D．persuade34．A．travelers B．loggers C．partners D．soldiers35．A．change B．difference C．sense D．point四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MulianOperainAnhuiProvince,China,gotitsnamefromaplaynamed"MulianRescuesHisMother".As36．oldesttheatricalstyle,itcan37．(call)theancestorofdramas.Forhundredsofyears,MulianOpera38．(enjoy)greatpopularityamongpeople,duetoitsfeatures.39．(develop)bytoomanyartists,MulianOperahasagrandandcomplex(复杂的)theatricalform,inclusiveperformancetechniques,richmusical40．(subject),emotionswithanaturalsettingandcommunicationbetweentheperformersandaudience.PeopleplayMulianOperatoforcetheevilspiritstoleave41．badthingshappentothem.Ofcourse,onbigoccasions,suchasthelaunchingofanancestraltemple(祠堂),peoplewillperformit.42．issaidthatinthepastaplaycouldbestagedallnightforninecontinuousdays.MulianOperawasthenevenmorepopular.MulianOperaiscurrentlyrecognized43．thelivingfossil(化石)ofChinesetheater.IthasprovidedvaluableinformationforthestudyofChinesetheater,44．(include)itsorigin,evolutionanddevelopment.Withoutscriptsormusicscores,MulianOperahasbeenpasseddown45．(oral)byolderperformersanditstillshineswithwisdomandenergy.五、单词拼写，请按照提示及句子意思填写所缺单词，注意应使用B2U1-B2U5所学单词的正确形式，每空只能填一个单词。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）46．Drunkdrivingis(不合法的)andanyoneinvolvedfacesseverepunishment.47．(围绕，包围)byfields,mountainsandrivers,theOldTownofLijianglookslikeajadeinkstoneinspringandsummer.48．OneofQianZhongshu'sgreat(成就)wastoproducecomparativestudiesofclassicalChinesetexts.49．Withtheevening(靠近),thecoloursdarkenedintofineshadesofdeepblue,andgraduallydisappeared.50．TrainsrunstraighttowardsEuropefromChina,andtoChinafromEurope,bringingnewjobsand(机会，时机)tobothends.51．Peopletendtodownloadmoreunknownsongsthansongstheyare(熟悉)with.52．Scientistshavemappeddifferentareasofthebrainthatareresponsiblefordifferent(功能).53．Thesuccessfulrelationship(建立，创立)betweentheschoolandthelocalcommunityisstrengthenedbyvoluntarywork.54．Despiteadifficultchildhood,JaneEyregrowsuptobeanindependent,determinedand(慷慨大方的)youngwoman.55．I(聊天)onthephonelastweekwithRosyRong,thechiefinvestmentofficerofHuawei.56．Itisgenerally[ə'sjuːm]thatstressiscausedbypoormanagementofwork.57．[rɪ'djuːs]plasticwasteisn'teasy,becausesomanydailynecessitiesaremadeofplastic.58．ProjectHopehasmadeimportant[ˌkɑntrəˈbjʊʃən]toboththeeducationandthehealthofchildren.59．CatsandfoxesthatwereaccidentallyintroducedtoKingIslandarenow['θretn]thesurvivaloflocalspecies.60．Peternoddedwith[sætis'fæk∫n]andaskedthemantotakechargeoftheproject.六、完成句子，请按照提示及句子意思填写所缺单词，注意应使用B2U1-B2U5所学短语的正确形式，每空只能填一个单词。（共28空；每空0.5分，满分14分）61．人们越来越担忧环境污染可能会造成的危害。与此同时，当局在压力下不得不立即行动。Peopleincreasinglythepossibleharmbroughtaboutbyenvironmentalpollution.Meanwhile,theauthoritiesareandhavetotakeimmediateaction.62．因特网使人们能够追踪世界上发生的一切，成为全球社区的一部分。TheInternetpeoplewhat'sgoingongloballyandbecomepartoftheglobalcommunity.63．在你准备邀请别人的时候，有些重要事项一定要记住。Thereareimportantthingsthatmustbewhenyouprepareaninvitation.64．除了食物安全，我们确保所有食物都新鲜可口。foodsafety,wethatallfoodisfreshandtasty.65．Jack可使用网络，希望通过在线课程取得进步。Jack,whothenetwork,hopestothroughonlinecourses.66．许多物种已经灭绝，而另有一些处于群体灭绝的危险中。Manyspecieshavealready,whilesomeothersaremassextinction.七、句子翻译（共2小题；每小题3分，满分6分）67．只有当我读完《论语》（theAnalects）我才意识到孔子有多伟大。（only+状语提前）68．受极简主义（Minimalism）的影响，我将画作中的非必要部分去除了。(过去分词作状语和宾补)八、书面表达（满分15分）69．假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为"保护文化遗产"的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：1.保护文化遗产的意义；2.青少年可以为文化遗产保护做什么：学习、推广、...注意：1.写作词数应为100词左右；2.请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。Goodmorning,everyone!Thankyouforlistening!

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．B3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了北京宫廷菜及四个相关的餐馆。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ImperialCourtFood(宫廷菜)isastyleoffoodwithoriginsintheImperialPalaceanditiswell-knownfortheoriginalfeaturesoftherawmaterialsandcarefullyselectedingredients(原料).Besides,thedishesaredecoratedwithdifferentcoloredvegetablesandfruitsinvariousshapes.Eachdishhasaspecialname,suchasYuFengHuanChao.”宫廷菜是一种起源于皇宫的食品，它以原料的原汁原味和精心挑选的食材而闻名。此外，菜肴用不同颜色的蔬菜和水果装饰，形状各异。每道菜都有一个特殊的名字，如玉凤还巢。可知，宫廷菜闻名的原因有原汁原味的食材、菜肴的装饰以及特殊的名称；以及“Whileexpensive,itisworthtrying.“虽然价格昂贵，但值得一试”可知，宫廷菜有些贵，所以“价格合理”不是宫廷菜闻名的原因。故选C。2．考查细节理解。根据DaZhaiMen部分中的“And,thetraditionalperformancesatnightisoneoftherestaurant'sattractions.”而且，晚上的传统表演是餐厅的吸引力之一。可知，在该餐馆，可以在晚上欣赏中国传统表演。故选B。3．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Today,ImperialCourtFoodhasbecomeanimportantschoolofChinesecookingwithseveralplacesofferingthisspecialtaste.Whileexpensive,itisworthtrying.”今天，宫廷菜已经成为中国烹饪的一个重要流派，有几个地方提供这种特殊的味道。虽然贵，但值得一试；以及第二段“RestaurantsofImperialCourtFood”宫廷菜餐馆，可知，宫廷菜成为中国烹饪重要的流派，并有几个地方提供这种味道，可知，这篇文章的目的是介绍宫廷菜和几个相关的餐馆。故选D。【答案】4．B5．C6．D7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和弟弟之间情感的发展变化，弟弟刚出生时，她很开心，后来她嫉妒弟弟、欺负弟弟，随着弟弟长大，两人之间的冲突变成冷战，最后作者出国留学，两人之间的关系慢慢转好。作者后悔自己的所作所为，但不再过多提及过去自私地寻求原谅，而是记住那些伤害。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中“Iheldandbathedhim,smilingfromcheektocheek.”我抱他，给他洗澡，脸贴着脸地笑。可知，弟弟Mark出生之后，作者非常爱他，非常开心。可推测，作者在Mark出生的时候是非常兴奋的，thrilled和excited意思相近。故选B。5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“AllIrememberisbeingjealousofandangrywithmyinnocentlittlebrother.”我只记得嫉妒和生我无辜的弟弟的气。可知，作者和弟弟变成敌人是出于嫉妒，嫉妒弟弟得到了父母的爱和关注。故选C。6．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“ItallendedsuddenlywhenIwenttostudyabroad.Thehatred(仇恨)disappearedandloveclimbedin.”当我出国留学的时候，一切都突然结束了。恨消失了，爱爬进来。可知，出国留学后，作者和弟弟之间的冲突、冷战、仇视结束了，取而代之的是互相之间的关爱。可推知，分离使两人建立了良好的关系。故选D。7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Iwouldliketo;however,itwouldbeaselfishmovetolookformoreforgiveness.ButIprefertorememberthehurt.Duringallthosewastedyears,Ishouldhavebeenthelovingsisterdefendinginsteadofattacking.”我很想；然而，寻求更多的原谅是一种自私的举动。但我更愿意记住伤害。在那些虚度的岁月里，我应该做一个爱护他的姐姐，守护他，而不是攻击他。可知，作者不再过多提及过去寻求原谅，而是自己记住伤害，她认为自己本应该做得更好，而非去攻击弟弟浪费岁月。可推知，作者对自己曾经的所作所为感到后悔。故选C。【答案】8．C9．C10．B11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了引发感冒的原因和方式，感冒其实不是由于寒冷引起的，它们是由人与人之间传播的病毒引起的。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Ifcoldcausescolds,itwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.”如果寒冷会导致感冒，那么爱斯基摩人将永远遭受感冒之苦是合理的。但事实并非如此。可知，爱斯基摩人并不总是感冒的事实说明寒冷导致感冒的说法是不正确的。故选C。9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Someworewetsocksalldaywhileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion.Notoneofthevolunteerscamedownwithacoldunlessacoldviruswasactuallydroppedinhisnose.”一些人整天穿着湿袜子，而另一些人则在雨中锻炼，直到精疲力竭。没有一个志愿者感冒了，除非有感冒病毒滴进了他的鼻子。可知，实验证明让人们感冒的是病毒，而不是潮湿和寒冷。故选C。10．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Oneexplanationofferedbyscientistsisthatpeopletendtostaytogetherindoorsmoreincoldweatherthanatothertimes,andthismakesiteasierforcoldvirusestobepassedon.”科学家们给出的一种解释是，在寒冷的天气里，人们比其他时候更倾向于待在室内，这使得感冒病毒更容易传播。可知，冬天更容易感冒的原因是待在室内会使病毒更容易传播。故选B。11．考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Themostwidespreadmistakeofallisthatcoldsarecausedbycold.Theyarenot.Theyarecausedbyvirusespassingonfrompersontoperson.”最普遍的错误是感冒是由寒冷引起的。它们不是。它们是由人与人之间传播的病毒引起的；以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了人们感冒的原因和方式。故选D。【答案】12．C13．B14．D15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一个能让我们回顾过去的理想场所，那就是博物馆。多亏了现代技术，博物馆正从观赏和学习的场所转变为参与和互动的空间。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“‘Thepast’isaveryinterestingcountry,andthemoreweknowaboutit,themorewewillbeabletounderstandthepresentandthus,prepareourselvesforthefuture.”“过去”是一个非常有趣的国度，我们对它了解得越多，就越能了解现在，从而为未来做好准备。可推知，作者认为“过去”有着重要的意义。故选C。13．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Whilenomuseumscanclaimtoofferacompletepictureofhumanhistory,thelessonswecanlearnfromtheeventsandwondersofthepastareofgreatvalue.”虽然没有博物馆能够提供人类历史的完整画面，但我们从过去的事件和奇迹中学到的教训是非常有价值的。可知，作者认为博物馆是一个能让我们回顾过去的理想场所，其原因是它是我们可以学习和反思的地方。故选B。14．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“inordertocreatenewwaysforvisitorstoexperiencetheircollectionsonline.”为游客创造在线体验藏品的新方式，可推知，“outsideoftheboxway”是指自新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，传统博物馆开始跳出固有思维，开始了线上展览的新模式。故选D。15．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“Thisisaquickreminderthatyoushouldalwayssparesometimetovisitmuseumsandappreciatethe“must-see‘em’”thingsthatareanimportantpartoftheculturalheritageofhumankind.”这是一个快速提醒，你应该经常抽出时间去参观博物馆，欣赏“必看之物”，它们是人类文化遗产的重要组成部分；结合全文可知，本文主要是介绍了博物馆是了解过去的重要地点，是必看之物，“博物馆是必看之物”作为标题是最合适的。故选C。【答案】16．G；17．C；18．D；19．F；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了水对人的身体健康带来的有益影响。【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Wateriscloselyrelatedtoourlives,anditisaninseparablepartofus.Studiesshowthatdrinkingenoughwaterfightsoffhealthproblems."水与我们的生活息息相关，它是我们不可分割的一部分。研究表明，喝足够的水可以对抗健康问题。说明喝足够的水有利于身体健康，；以及空后"Helpyouloseweight.Someresearchhassuggestedthatdrinkingplentyofwatercanhelpyouburncalories."帮助你减肥。一些研究表明，喝大量的水可以帮助你燃烧卡路里。说明喝足够的水可以帮助减肥，G项中life-savingliquid指的是water，G.Herearesomeofthewaysyourbodybenefitsfromthislife-savingliquid."以下是你的身体从这种救命液体中受益的一些方式。"承上启下，符合语境，故选G。17．根据空前"Helpyouloseweight.Someresearchhassuggestedthatdrinkingplentyofwatercanhelpyouburncalories."帮助你减肥。一些研究表明，喝大量的水可以帮助你燃烧卡路里。说明喝足够的水可以帮助燃烧卡路里；以及空后"Itfillsyouupsoyoudon'teatsomuch;itkeepsdownyourthirstsothatyoudon'tturntocalorie-richsodasorjuices."它会让你有饱腹感，所以你不会吃那么多；它可以抑制你的口渴，这样你就不会转向富含卡路里的苏打水或果汁。说明喝大量的水起作用的方式，C.Attheveryleast,itwilleaseyourhungerandaddyourenergy."至少，它会缓解你的饥饿感，增加你的能量。"说明水帮助减肥的方式，承上启下，符合语境，故选C。18．根据空前"Infact,aUSstudyfoundthatmenwhodranksix250mlglassesofwateradayhalvedtheirriskofbladdercancer,whileanotherstudysuggestedthatwomenwhodrinkmorewatercuttheirriskofcoloncancerbyupto45percent."事实上，美国的一项研究发现，每天喝6杯250毫升水的男性患膀胱癌的风险降低了一半，而另一项研究表明，多喝水的女性患结肠癌的风险降低了45%。说明研究发现，多喝水可以降低患病的风险，D.Otherresearchfounditalsolowerswomen'sriskofaheartattack."其他研究发现，它还能降低女性患心脏病的风险。"进一步介绍多喝水对降低患病风险的作用，符合语境，故选D。19．根据空前"Strengthenyourimmunesystemwithashower.Ashowerwillsurelycleanourbodyfromheadtotoe."淋浴可以增强你的免疫系统。淋浴肯定会从头到脚清洁我们的身体。说明淋浴的益处，F项中immunity是关键词，F.Italsohastheaddedadvantageofimprovingimmunityfromillness."它还有一个额外的优势，那就是提高对疾病的免疫力。"承接上文，继续说明淋浴的益处，可以提高对疾病的免疫力，符合语境，故选F。20．根据空后"Swimmingisagreatno-sweatexercise."游泳是一项很好的无汗运动；以及"Likeswimming,boatingisalsolowimpactsportthatisgreatforyourarms,bodyandlegs,andhastheaddedbenefitofhavingameditativequalitythatcanreleasestress."和游泳一样，划船也是一项低冲击运动，对你的手臂、身体和腿部都很有好处，还有一个额外的好处，那就是具有冥想的品质，可以释放压力。说明进行体育活动可以让人放松，A项中physicalactivityandrelaxation是关键词，A.Providephysicalactivityandrelaxation."提供体育活动和放松。"概括本段内容，可以作为段落标题句。故选A。【答案】21．C；22．B；23．A；24．D；25．B；26．C；27．A；28．A；29．C；30．A；31．B；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了工程师怀特在雨林中徒步旅行，突然遇到一个人在砍一棵大树。这让他对森林砍伐造成的破坏感到担忧，于是他发明了一个叫作"守护者"的设备，帮助护林员监测乱砍滥伐的行为。【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：他正在雨林中徒步旅行，突然遇到一个人在砍一棵大树。A：climbing"攀爬"；B：planting"种植"；C：cutting"砍伐"；D：watching"观看"。根据下文"Heknewthewildlifereserveemployedrangers（护林员）towatchoutforillegalloggers"这个野生动植物地区雇佣了护林员戒备不合法的伐木工；以及"TheloggerranawaywhileseeingWhite,"当看到怀特的时候，此人逃跑了。可知这个人看到作者之后逃跑，暗指此人是不合法的伐木工。指一个人在砍一棵大树。故选C。22．句意：当看到怀特时，伐木工跑开了，但这一经历让怀特感到困扰。A：thought"想法"；B：experience"经历"；C：knowledge"知识"；D：idea"想法"。此处是讲遇到一个人砍伐大树的经历让怀特感到困扰。故选B。23．句意：他们怎么没发现他？A：miss"错过"；B：hate"讨厌"；C：notice"注意到"；D：guard"保卫"。根据上文"Buttheguardshadn'tknownaboutthemanWhitesaw."但警卫不知道怀特看到的那个人。可知，此处是指怀特疑惑警卫怎么错过了这个砍伐大树的人。故选A。24．句意：怀特是一名训练有素的工程师，他认为技术可以成为对抗森林砍伐的解决方案的一部分。A：education"教育"；B：tourism"旅游业"；C：training"训练"；D：technology"技术"。根据下文"adevicehecallsaGuardian"他称之为守护者的装置，可知，此处是指他认为技术可以成为对抗森林砍伐的解决方案的一部分。故选D。25．句意：然后他创造了一个他称之为守护者的设备。A：discovered"发现"；B：created"创造"；C：described"描述"；D：found"发现"。根据空后"adevicehecallsaGuardian"他称之为守护者的装置。可知，此处是指他创造了一个设备。故选B。26．句意：守护者能在三分之二英里外听到链锯的声音。A：giveout"分发"；B：agreeto"同意"；C：pickup"接收到（信号或声音）"；D：turnup"出现"。根据空后"thesoundofachainsawfromtwo-thirdsofamileaway"可知，此处是指听到链锯的声音。故选C。27．句意：它们固定在树上。A：fixed"固定"；B：returned"返回"；C：followed"跟随"；D：circled"循环"。they是指"守护者"设备，所以是指它们固定在树上。故选A。28．句意：当守护者检测到链锯时，它会向护林员发出警报，指示声音来自哪里。A：warning"警报"；