卓越研究生英语（理工篇）综合教程2 课件 B2U6 The ethics of technology

UNIT6TheethicsoftechnologyAfterstudyingthisunit,youwillbeableto:discusstherelationshipbetweentechnologyandethics,aswellashowtousetechnologyresponsibly;listenforexplanationsinanacademiccontext;activelyengagewithanacademicarticlebyaskingquestionswhilereading;writeaconferenceabstractforresearchontheinterfacebetweentechnologyandethics.Thedigitalrevolution,characterizedbythewidespreadadoptionofAI,advancesinbiotechnology,andextensivedatacollection,hasunlockednewavenuesforprogressandconveniencepreviouslyunheardof.However,ithasalsogivenrisetocomplexethicaldilemmas.Aswenavigatethisbravenewworld,grapplingwithchallengessuchasprivacyinvasion,biasinalgorithmicdecision-making,automation’simpactonemployment,andtheethicalimplicationsofeditinggenes,itbecomesincreasinglyessentialtocriticallyexaminehowourethicsinformandareinformedbythetechnologieswecreateandemploy.Toexploretheethicalboundariesandstandardsofcutting-edgetechnologies,manycountries,includingChina,havemadegreatefforts,suchasconductinginterdisciplinaryresearchthatspansscience,technology,ethics,andlaw.Whateverthemethod,thekeytoeffectivelyaddressingthechallengesliesinansweringtwoquestions:Whatistherelationshipbetweentechnologyandethics?Howcanthetwodevelopinharmony?SettingLeadinginLeadinginTechnologycanleadtobothpositiveandnegativeoutcomes,dependingonitsapplication.Brainstormexamplesofpositiveandnegativeuseoftechnology.AproactiveapproachtotheethicsofnewtechEthicsofArtificialIntelligence：ChallengesandGovernanceExploringViewingReadingViewingPre-viewingWhendiscussingproblemscausedbyapplicationsofcertaintechnologies,somesaythattheseissuescanbemitigatedifconsumerschoosenottousesuchtechnologies.

Doyouagreewiththisperspective?Whyorwhynot?Watchthevideoandcompletethefollowingexercises.ViewingAnalyticalviewingscriptViewingAnalyticalviewingViewingandunderstandingHowcanweproperlygovernAI?Completethesummarywithinformationfromthevideo.AIinfluencesourdecisionsandactionsindailylife.However,weoftenlackanunderstandingofhowAIoperatesandareunsurewhetherwecantrustits1)

.Lettingconsumersnavigatethecomplexitiesofdigitaltechnologiesbythemselvesisinsufficient,whichhighlightstheneedtoaddressthepowerimbalancebyputtingresponsibilitiesbackon2)________________________.designersandorganizationsoutputTechnologiesareneutral.Itisuptoustodeveloptheframeworkandshape3)________thatalignwithethicalprinciplestodeliverthedesiredoutcomes.ResponsibleAIgovernancerequiresthebuy-inof4)__________________________.Theyshouldknowthatethicsisadynamicsystemandthatitleadstobusinesssuccess.therulesbigtechandothercompaniesViewingAnalyticalviewingViewingandunderstandingHowcanweproperlygovernAI?Completethesummarywithinformationfromthevideo.We

see

that

over

the

past

five

years,

ethical

debates

havesignificantly

influenceddiscussionson

5)___________,

and

that

AI

ethical

principles

are

being

practically

applied.Inclusivity

isanothercriticalaspectofAI

governance.

Involving

all

groups

inthe

decision-making

process

is

critical

becausewhenwetalkabout

the

regulation

ofAI,we’retalking

aboutvery

basic

6)___________.

Shaping

sound

regulatory

frameworksthrough

listeningto

everyone

istheonly

way

to

deliver

7)____________

for

thetechnologiestofulfillour

humangoals.InsteadofmakingAIan

arms

racewhere

each

nationfocuses

solely

on

its

own

8)_______,weshould

use

ittoconnectcountriesworldwide.humanrightsAIregulationastrongbasiscontextAnexplanationisastatementornarrativethatclarifiesorinterpretssomething.Inanacademiccontext,theabilitytolistenforexplanationsisvitalasitfosterscomprehensiveunderstandingandcriticalthinking.Herearesomecommontypesofexplanationsinacademiclistening:Explanationsforreasons

Thistypeofexplanationinvolvesclarifyingthereasonsbehindadecision,opinion,oraction.Wordsandphrasesindicatingitincludebecause,dueto,owingto.ListeningforexplanationsViewingAnalyticalviewingExplanationsforconceptsorideasThistypeofexplanationfocusesonclarifyingconcepts,theories,orideas.Thespeakeroftenprovidesdefinitions,examples,orrelevantbackgroundinformationtofacilitateunderstanding.Wordsandphrasesindicatingthiskindofexplanationincludethismeansthat…,whichis/means,infact,forexample,like,andsuchas.ListeningforexplanationsViewingAnalyticalviewingExplanationsforproceduresThistypeofexplanationprovidesdetailedinstructionsorstepsforaspecificprocess.Commonlyusedsignalwordsindicatingitincludefirst,second,next,before,andthen.Attimes,notallexplanationsarestatedoutrightwithsignalwords.Payattentiontothecontextandtheintonationofthespeaker,asthesecanindirectlyindicatethespeaker’sexplanations.ListeningforexplanationsViewingAnalyticalviewingAnalyticalviewingViewingViewingandunderstanding★Watchthevideoagainandmatchthefourspeakerswiththeirargumentsandtheexplanationsprovided.SpeakersArgumentsExplanationsEllenBroadATheethicalprinciplesofAIarebeingappliedonahighlypracticalbasis.aItisourresponsibilitytocreatetheframeworkandestablishtherulesthatenablethesetechnologiestofulfilltheoutcomeswedesire.GabrielaRamosBMerelygivingconsumersinformationaboutdigitalproductsandplatformsisn’tenoughtoaddressthepowerimbalance.bDecisionsresultingfromtheprocesswouldsimplynotbeapplicabletoanindividualwhoisnotincludedinthedataset.AnalyticalviewingViewingViewingandunderstanding★Watchthevideoagainandmatchthefourspeakerswiththeirargumentsandtheexplanationsprovided.CarlosAffonsoSouzaCWeshouldnotblamethetechnologiesforwideninginequalitiesandmakingnocontributiontoaddressingsocietalchallenges.cTechnologieshavebecomeintegraltoessentialaspectsoflifelikeeducationandjobsearch.EmmaRuttkamp-BloemDTheabsenceofaccesstotechnologieswouldautomaticallyexcludeindividualsfromparticipatingindiscussionsonresponsiblegovernance.dSeveralLatinAmericancountrieshavedevelopednationalstrategiesforAI,andcertaincountriesintheregionareenactinglegalregulationstoenforcespecificprinciples.EllenBroad--B--cGabrielaRamos--C--aCarlosAffonsoSouza--A--dEmmaRuttkamp-Bloem--D--bAnalyticalviewingViewingViewingandunderstanding★Watchthevideoagainandmatchthefourspeakerswiththeirargumentsandtheexplanationsprovided.Nowadays,AIplaysacrucialroleinourdailylives.Itcanhavebothpositiveandnegativeimpactsdependingonhowitisused.WorkingroupsanddiscusshowtoensuretheresponsibledevelopmentanduseofAI.Youmayconsidertheissuefromtheperspectivesofthegovernment,companies,researchinstitutions,andindividuals.ViewingAnalyticalviewingThinkingbeyondCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsandphrasesbelow.ViewingLanguagefocusWordsandphrases1 InAIdevelopment,it’soften___________________:insteadoftechnologyshapingsociety,society’svaluesareincreasinglyshapingthedirectionofAI.2 Techcompaniesneedto________theirdataprivacypoliciestoensureuserinformationissecurelyprotectedandethicallymanaged.3 Inordertofosterresponsibleandunbiasedoutcomes,itisimportantto______ethicalconsiderationsintothedevelopmentofAIsystems.4 Withoutstrictethicalguidelines,wemight_______creatingAIsystemsthatactcontrarytohumanvaluesandinterests.shapeuptheotherwayaroundembedembedshapeuptheotherwayaroundendupendupReadingPre-readingWorkinpairsanddiscussthequestions.1Whatethicalissueshavearisenduetonewtechnologies?2Doyouthinkwecananticipatetheseissuesbeforeimplementingnewtechnologies?Ifso,how?Ifnot,why?ReadingPre-reading5Gnetworksrepresentthefifth-generationmobilecommunicationtechnology,offeringsignificantlyfasterdatatransferspeeds,lowerlatency,andincreasedcapacitycomparedtopreviousgenerations.Thistechnologyenablesmoreconnecteddevicesandsupportsthedevelopmentofadvancedapplicationslikeautonomousvehiclesandsmartcities.15GnetworksBackgroundinformationReadingPre-readingVirtualreality(VR)isatechnologythatcreatesasimulatedenvironmentusingcomputertechnology,allowinguserstoexperienceandinteractwithavirtualworld.ByusingVRheadsetsandsensors,userscanentera3-Dvirtualspacewheretheirvisual,auditory,andtactilesensesaresimulatedtoprovidearealisticexperience.VRtechnologyiswidelyusedinvariousfieldssuchasgaming,education,healthcare,andarchitecturaldesign.2Virtualreality(VR)BackgroundinformationReadingPre-readingCloudmanufacturingisaninnovativemanufacturingmodelthatutilizestechnologiessuchascloudcomputing,theInternetofThings(IoT),bigdata,andintelligentmanufacturingtechnologies.Inthismodel,manufacturingresourcesandcapabilitiesaretransformedintoservicesthatcanbeaccessedandutilizedovertheInternet.Cloudmanufacturingsupportscollaborationamongdifferentstakeholders,includingsuppliers,manufacturers,andcustomers,byprovidingasharedplatformforinformationexchangeandprocessintegration.3CloudmanufacturingBackgroundinformationReadingPre-reading1Weallwantthetechnologyinourlivestofulfillitspromise–tocausedelightratherthandread,tohelpusratherthanharmus.(Para.1)Meaning:Wehopethatthetechnologyweusedailyachieveswhatitsetsouttodo,bringingjoyinsteadoffearandassistingusinsteadofcausingharm.dreadn.[U,sing.]astrongfearofsth.thatisgoingtohappenormayhappen恐惧；害怕Therewasagrowingdreadamongthepassengersaboutthesevereturbulenceforecastedfortheirflight.vt.feelanxiousorworriedaboutsth.thatisgoingtohappenormayhappen畏惧；惧怕；担心Wealldreadthefluseason,deeplyconcernedaboutgettingsickandmissingimportantevents.ReadingLanguagepoints1Weallwantthetechnologyinourlivestofulfillitspromise–tocausedelightratherthandread,tohelpusratherthanharmus.(Para.1)ReadingLanguagepointsNotes在本句中，ratherthan用于连接两个并列的成分，表达一种对比或取舍关系，意思是“而不是”、“而非”，用来强调前后两部分之间的区别或选择偏好。同义表达包括insteadof。2Toooften,thepatterngoeslikethis:Atechnologyisintroduced,growsrapidly,andpermeatesourlives,andonlythendoessocietybegintoseeandaddressanyproblemsitmightcreate.(Para.1)ReadingLanguagepointsMeaning:Thereisarecurringissuewhereanewtechnologyisintroduced,quicklygainspopularity,andbecomesasignificantpartofdailylife.Itisonlyafterthiswidespreadadoptionthatsocietytypicallybecomesawareofandstartstodealwithanyproblemsthatthetechnologymightcreate.2Toooften,thepatterngoeslikethis:Atechnologyisintroduced,growsrapidly,andpermeatesourlives,andonlythendoessocietybegintoseeandaddressanyproblemsitmightcreate.(Para.1)ReadingLanguagepointsNotes1本句中atechnologyisintroduced,growsrapidly,andpermeatesourlives使用了排比的修辞，通过三个并列的动词短语来描述技术的发展过程，增强了语言的节奏感，使得论述更加有力和清晰。2本句后半部分andonlythendoessocietybeginto...采用了部分倒装。通常情况下，英文中的正常语序是主语加谓语，但在本句中，由于使用了only加副词位于句首的情况，句子结构进行了调整，助动词does被提前到了主语society之前，原本的语序是andsocietyonlythenbeginsto...，通过倒装变为andonlythendoessocietybeginto...。使用部分倒装是为了强调onlythen这一时间状语，从而突出在那个特定时间点上社会才开始意识到并解决可能出现的问题。3Imagineifthegrowthoftheautomobilehadgonedifferently,withseatbeltsdeveloped,saferroadwaysbuilt,andbettertrafficlawsimplementedmuchearlier,rightalongwiththeengineinnovationsthatgaveusmorepowerandgreaterspeed.(Para.2)ReadingLanguagepointsMeaning:Imagineifthedevelopmentoftheautomobilehadtakenadifferentpath,withtheearlyintroductionofseatbelts,theconstructionofsaferroads,andtheimplementationofbettertrafficlaws,allprogressingalongsidetheengineadvancementsthatprovidedincreasedpowerandspeed.Notes1通过对比前一句实际上发生的历史（早期汽车发展过程中发生的高事故率）与本句设想中更为理想的状况（在汽车发展初期就引入安全带、建设更安全的道路、实施更完善的交通法规），强调了在技术发展过程中预先考虑并解决潜在问题的重要性。2本句使用了排比的修辞，列举了三个方面的改进：withseatbeltsdeveloped、saferroadwaysbuilt和bettertrafficlawsimplemented，使句子节奏感更强，更有说服力。4CompaniesshouldlearntoberesponsiblestewardsoftheAItheydeploy,the5Gnetworkstheyhavebeguntobuild,andsomuchmorethat’scomingtowardus,fromquantumcomputingtovirtualreality(VR)toblockchain.(Para.3)Meaning:CompaniesshouldlearntoresponsiblyoverseetheAItheyimplement,the5Gnetworkstheyhavebeguntoconstruct,andalltheotheremergingtechnologiesthatareheadingourway,includingquantumcomputing,virtualreality(VR),andblockchain.Meaningbeyondwords:Thisstatementemphasizesthatcompaniesmustembraceasenseofaccountabilityandproactivemanagementconcerningtheadvancedtechnologiestheyintroduceintosociety.Byreferringtothemas“responsiblestewards”,itimpliesthatcompaniesshouldnotjustcreateorusethesetechnologiesbutalsoensuretheirsafe,ethical,andbeneficialimplementation.ReadingLanguagepoints4CompaniesshouldlearntoberesponsiblestewardsoftheAItheydeploy,the5Gnetworkstheyhavebeguntobuild,andsomuchmorethat’scomingtowardus,fromquantumcomputingtovirtualreality(VR)toblockchain.(Para.3)steward

n.[C]1)sb.whoprotectssth.orisresponsibleforit,esp.sth.suchasnature,publicproperty,ormoney（尤指自然、公共财产或钱财等的）保护者，负责人，主管Thecorporatestewardisprimarilyresponsibleformanagingthecompany’sassetsandensuringfinancialstability.2)amanwhosejobistoservefoodanddrinkstopassengersonaplaneorship（飞机或轮船上的）男乘务员，男服务员Thestewardoffereduscomplimentarydrinksandsnacksduringthelong-haulflighttomakeourjourneymorepleasant.ReadingLanguagepoints5Thestakesarehigh.(Para.3)Meaning:Therisksandpotentialconsequencesaresubstantial.Meaningbeyondwords:Thissentencemeansthatthesituationcarriessignificantrisksandpotentialconsequences.Becausetechnologiesplayacrucialroleindrivingchangeandeconomicgrowth,itisvitalforcompaniestoactethicallyandensuretheirtechnologiesaretrustworthy.Anyfailuretodosocouldhaveseriousandfar-reachingimpacts.LanguagepointsReadingLanguagepoints6Whiletheyareincapableofpredictingthefuture,theycanadoptasoundframeworkthatwillhelpthemprepareforandrespondtounexpectedemergentimpacts.(Para.4)Meaning:Althoughtheycannotforeseethefuture,theycanemployarobustframeworkthatwillenablethemtogetreadyforandaddressunforeseenconsequencesastheyarise.incapable

a.

unabletodosth.无能力的；不会的；不能的Theoldmachinerywasincapableofmeetingthenewproductionstandards,necessitatinganupgradetomoremodernequipment.emergent

a.(onlybeforenoun)intheearlystagesofexistenceordevelopment新出现的；处于萌芽阶段的Theemergentmarketforelectricvehiclesisattractingsignificantinvestmentfrommajorautomotivecompaniesandtechnologystartups.LanguagepointsReadingLanguagepoints7Technologydevelopmentteamsshouldthinkwithmoreforesightandnuanceabouttherisks–guidedbythosewiththemostrelevantknowledge.(Para.5)Meaning:Technologydevelopmentteamsshouldconsiderriskswithgreateranticipationandsubtleunderstanding,undertheguidanceofthosepossessingthemostrelevantexpertise.nuance

n.[C,U]aslightdifferencethatmaybedifficulttonoticebutisfairlyimportant细微差别Understandingthenuancesofculturaldifferencesiscrucialforeffectivecommunicationinadiverseandglobalizedworkplace.LanguagepointsReadingLanguagepoints8Asthetechnologyevolves,VRsimulationsarebecomingsorealisticthatthepossibilityofactualtraumafromavirtualexperiencemightneedtobeaddressed.(Para.6)Meaning:AsVRtechnologyadvancesandbecomesmoretrue-to-life,anewconcernarises:theneedtoaddressthepotentialforuserstoexperienceactualpsychologicaloremotionaldistressfromthesehighlyrealisticvirtualenvironments.LanguagepointsReadingLanguagepoints9Ascompaniespursuethesetechnologies,whichhavethepotentialtodramaticallychangetheskillsetneededonthefactoryfloor,theymightseekconsultationwithlaboreconomistswhocanshedlightonlargerworkforceissues.(Para.7)Meaning:Asbusinessesadoptthesetechnologiesthatcouldsignificantlyaltertherequiredskillsforfactoryworkers,theymayconsultlaboreconomiststogaininsightsintobroaderworkforcechallenges.skillset

n.[C](also

skillset)aperson’srangeofskillsorabilities（个人的）技能组合，全套本领Buildingacomprehensiveskillsetrequiresdedicationtolearningnewtechnologiesandrefiningexistingabilitiescontinuously.shed/cast/throwlightonsth.

makeaproblem,etc.easiertounderstand使（问题等）较容易理解Thesurveyresultsshedlightonconsumerpreferences,helpingbusinessestailortheirproductstobettermeetmarketdemands.LanguagepointsReadingLanguagepoints10Thismightmeanthat,asbusinessesrushtowarda5Gfuturewithagiantleapindataspeedsandubiquitousconnectivity,theyshouldpausetoconsiderandaddressnewprivacyconcerns–perhapswellbeyondthosewearealreadygrapplingwith.(Para.9)Meaning:Thiscouldimplythatasbusinessesrapidlyadvanceintoa5Gfuturewithsignificantlyfasterdataspeedsandpervasiveconnectivity,theyshouldtakeamomenttoidentifyandtackleemergingprivacyissues,whichmaybemorecomplexthanthosewecurrentlyface.LanguagepointsReadingLanguagepoints10Thismightmeanthat,asbusinessesrushtowarda5Gfuturewithagiantleapindataspeedsandubiquitousconnectivity,theyshouldpausetoconsiderandaddressnewprivacyconcerns–perhapswellbeyondthosewearealreadygrapplingwith.(Para.9)LanguagepointsReadingLanguagepointsNotes本句使用了对比的修辞手法，主要体现在了以下两方面：1将rushtowarda5Gfuture（奔向5G未来）和pausetoconsiderandaddressnewprivacyconcerns（停下来考虑并解决新的隐私问题）进行对比，强调了在技术快速发展的同时，也需要停下来关注隐私问题。2将newprivacyconcerns（新的隐私问题）和thosewearealreadygrapplingwith（我们已经在应对的问题）进行对比，表示新的隐私问题的复杂性或挑战性或许远远超过我们目前所面临的那些问题。11Theteamhastoconductresearchandestablishtheguardrailsthatcanminimizerisks.(Para.11)Meaning:Theteamneedstocarryoutresearchandsetupguidelinesthatcanreducerisks.guardrailn.[C]alongmetalbarthatisintendedtopreventcarsorpeoplefromfallingovertheedgeofaroad,boat,orhighstructure（道路、船只或高层建筑的）金属护栏Duringtherenovation,workersinstalledanewguardrailonthebalconytocomplywithupdatedsafetyregulations.LanguagepointsReadingLanguagepointsNotes单词guardrail的本义是“（道路、船只或高层建筑的）金属护栏”，在本句中比喻那些用来避免或减少风险的指导原则或保护措施。12Whenacompanyiscalledtoaccountforthetechnologyithasdevelopedordeployed,someonecouldendupbeingsummonedtocourtoransweringquestionsfromthemedia.(Para.12)Meaning:Ifacompanyisaskedtoexplainorjustifythetechnologyithascreatedorputintouse,thereisapossibilitythatanindividualfromthecompanymighthavetoappearincourtorfacequestionsfromjournalists.accountforsth.giveanexplanationofsth.解释；说明Theengineerwasaskedtoaccountfortheunexpectedfailureofthenewsystemduringtheproduct’sinitialtestingphase.ReadingLanguagepoints12Whenacompanyiscalledtoaccountforthetechnologyithasdevelopedordeployed,someonecouldendupbeingsummonedtocourtoransweringquestionsfromthemedia.(Para.12)summon

vt.(fml.)1)ordersb.toappearincourt传唤，传讯（出庭）Thelawyerrequestedthecourttosummonadditionalwitnessestosupporttheirclient’sdefensestrategy.2)ordersb.tocometoyou召唤Themanagersummonedalldepartmentheadstohisofficeforanurgentmeetingaboutthenewproject.ReadingLanguagepoints13Morerigorousattentiontosuchnegativeoutcomesisexactlythepoint–andmayimprovethechancesthatnooneeverhastoappearbeforepolicymakersorajudgetoexplainhowapieceoftechnologycameaboutinthefirstplace.(Para.13)ReadingLanguagepointsMeaning:Payingcloserattentiontothesenegativeoutcomesispreciselythemainpoint,anditmightincreasethelikelihoodthatnoonewilleverneedtoexplaintheoriginsofapieceoftechnologytopolicymakersorajudge.pointn.[C](also

the~)themainormostimportantideainsth.thatissaidordone重点；要点；核心问题Thepointofthediscussionwastoidentifykeyareasforimprovementinourcustomerserviceapproach.14Butthebroaderpointisthattrustandethicsissuescanbemanagedeffectively–aslongastheproperleadershipcommitmentsaremade.(Para.15)Meaning:However,thegeneralviewisthatissuesoftrustandethicscanbedealtwitheffectively,providedthatthereareappropriatecommitmentsmadebyleadership.ReadingLanguagepointsNotesaslongas是一个表示条件的结构，用来说明在某个特定条件下某事会发生或成立，意思相当于“只要”。在本句中，aslongas引导了一个条件从句theproperleadershipcommitmentsaremade，指出了事件发生的条件，即需要有恰当的领导层承诺。除了aslongas之外，还有其他一些常用的表示条件的结构，比如if、provided(that)/providing(that)和onconditionthat等。15Ourabilitytoethicallymanageandincreasetrustinourtechtoolsisexpectedtoonlygaininimportanceinthecomingyearsastechnologyevolves,accelerates,andreachesmoredeeplyintoourlives.(Para.17)Meaning:Astechnologycontinuestodevelop,accelerate,andintegratemoredeeplyintoourlives,ourcapacitytomanageourtechtoolsethicallyandenhancetrustinthemisexpectedtobecomeincreasinglysignificantinthecomingyears.ReadingLanguagepoints1Thetextintroducesaproactiveapproachtotheethicsofnewtech.Readthetextandfillintheblankstoanswerthequestionsthereadermightraisewhilereading.YoucanrefertotheAcademicreadingskillformoreinformationonaskingquestionswhilereading.ReadingReadingandunderstandingReadingAnalyticalreadingCompaniesdeliveringtechnologicaladvancesneedtoact

ethicallyandstriveto

1)___________________the

potential

effectsofthetechnologies

byadoptingasound

framework.Howcanwechangethepatternofdealingwithproblemsonlyaftertheyoccur?anticipateandaddressReadingReadingandunderstandingReadingAnalyticalreadingWhatisinvolvedintheframework?InvolvespecialistsWhyisitnecessarytoseekinputfromspecialistsinotherfields?Engineersandsoftwaredevelopersmaynothave2)_____________________tofullyunderstandandaddresstheirwork’sethicalrisks,soguidancefromspecialistsinotherfieldsisnecessarytohelpthemthinkwith3)_______________________.PauseandplanWhatdoestheauthormeanby“pauseandplan”?Itmeanstakingamomentduringthestrategicplanningtoconsider4)____________,5)________________,

and

6)

______________________insteadof

justfocusingonthe

possibilitiesand

currenttechethics

issues.

Followingthis,

7)___________________________

should

be

developed.alltheneededexpertisemoreforesightandnuancepotentialrisksnegativeoutcomesunintendedconsequencesethicalriskmitigationstrategiesReadingReadingandunderstandingReadingAnalyticalreadingWhatisinvolvedintheframework?Assign

accountabilityHowdoesaccountabilityassignment

help

mitigate

the

negative

impactsofnewtechnologies?8)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Appoint

a

chief

technology

ethics

officerWhat

isthe

main

responsibilityofachief

technologyethicsofficer?9)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Itwouldleadtoamorerigorousconsiderationofpotentialrisksandchallengesthatmayarise,potentiallypreventingadverseoutcomesandtheneedtoexplainthetechnologybeforepolicymakersorajudge.Achieftechnologyethicsofficercanmarshalnecessaryresources,enforcerules,andeffectivelymanagetrustandethicsissuesthroughproperleadershipcommitments.ReadingReadingandunderstandingReadingAnalyticalreadingWhywillitbeincreasinglyimportantforcompaniesandbusinessestoethicallymanageandincreasetrustintheirtechtools?10)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Beingabletoethicallymanageandincreasetrustintheirtechtoolswilllikelybringopportunitiestothem,andthosewhofailtodothiswilllearnhardlessons.2Didyouhaveanyotherquestionswhilereadingthetext?Notethemdownandanswerthemiftheanswersareavailableinthetext.Askingquestionswhilereadingisavaluableacademicreadingstrategy.Ithelpsthereaderdigestthecontentandengagewiththetext.Thereadermayaskquestionsforthefollowingreasons:Toclarifymeaning(e.g.“Whatdoesthatwordmean?”)Tounderstandtheeventsbetter(e.g.“Whydidtheydothat?”and“Howdidthathappen?”)Tounderstandtheauthor’sintention(e.g.“Whydidtheauthorwritethis?”)Tomakepredictions(e.g.“Willthesolutionbeexplainedinthenextparagraph?”)AskingquestionswhilereadingAnalyticalreadingReadingToevaluatethevalidityofclaimsorarguments(e.g.“Howeffectiveistheevidenceprovidedbytheauthorinsupportingtheirmainargument?”)Questionscanbecategorizedinto“surface”and“in-depth”questions.Surfacequestions(who,what,when,where,etc.)canbeansweredbylookingright