2025年法律类英语文章试题及答案

法律类英语文章试题及答案姓名：____________________

一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）

1.Theterm"contract"inlegalEnglishrefersto:

A.Awrittenagreement

B.Anoralagreement

C.BothAandB

D.Noneoftheabove

2.Whichofthefollowingisnotacommonlegaltermusedinthecontextofpropertylaw?

A.Lessor

B.Lessee

C.Mortgagor

D.Executor

3.InlegalEnglish,"pleading"refersto:

A.Aformalwrittenstatementoftheclaimsanddefensesinalawsuit

B.Theprocessofpresentingevidenceincourt

C.Theactofaskingajudgeforaruling

D.Theclosingargumentofalawyer

4.The"ruleoflaw"isbestdefinedas:

A.Theprinciplethatallindividuals,includinggovernmentofficials,aresubjecttoandaccountabletolaws

B.Thesystemoflawsthatgovernacountry

C.Theprocessofinterpretingandapplyinglaws

D.Thelegalprofession

5.Whichofthefollowingisnotatypeoflegaldocument?

A.BillofSale

B.Judgment

C.Warrant

D.Memo

二、填空题（每题2分，共10分）

6.Theterm"_____________"referstotheprocessofbringingalawsuitagainstsomeone.

7.A(n)______________isalegaldocumentthatsummarizesthefactsofacaseandtheargumentsoftheparties.

8.InlegalEnglish,"_____________"referstotheactofaskingacourttomakeadecisiononalegalissue.

9.Theterm"_____________"isusedtodescribeawrittenagreementthatisnotenforceablebylaw.

10.Theprincipleof"_____________"statesthatindividualsshouldbetreatedequallyunderthelaw.

三、简答题（每题5分，共15分）

11.Explainthedifferencebetweena"pleading"andan"answer"inlegalEnglish.

12.Whatisthepurposeofa"brief"inlegalproceedings?

13.Describetheroleofa"judge"inalegalcase.

四、阅读理解题（每题5分，共20分）

14.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

LegalEnglish:ABriefIntroduction

LegalEnglishisaspecializedformofEnglishusedinthelegalprofession.Itincludesspecificterminology,grammar,andwritingstylesthatareuniquetothefieldoflaw.UnderstandinglegalEnglishisessentialforanyoneinvolvedinthelegalsystem,whetherasalawyer,judge,paralegal,orclient.

OneofthekeyfeaturesoflegalEnglishisitsuseofLatinphrases.Thesephrasesareoftenusedtoexpresscomplexlegalconceptsinaconcisemanner.Forexample,"resjudicata"means"amatteralreadyjudged,"and"estoppel"refersto"preventingsomeonefromdenyingsomethingtheyhavepreviouslyadmitted."

AnotherimportantaspectoflegalEnglishisitsuseofpassivevoice.Thisisbecauselegaldocumentsoftenfocusontheactionsofthepartiesinvolvedratherthanthepersonperformingtheaction.Forinstance,"Thecontractwasbreached"ratherthan"Hebreachedthecontract."

LegalEnglishalsorequiresahighlevelofprecisionandclarityinwriting.Thisiscrucialtoensurethattheintendedmeaningisconveyedaccurately.Legaldocuments,suchascontracts,briefs,andopinions,mustbecarefullydraftedtoavoidambiguityandpotentiallegaldisputes.

Questions:

a.WhatisthemainpurposeofusingLatinphrasesinlegalEnglish?

b.Explaintheuseofpassivevoiceinlegaldocuments.

c.WhyisprecisionandclarityimportantinlegalEnglishwriting?

15.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

TypesofLegalDocuments

Legaldocumentsareessentialtoolsinthelegalprofession.Theyservevariouspurposes,fromestablishingrightsandobligationstoresolvingdisputes.Herearesomecommontypesoflegaldocuments:

1.Contracts:Acontractisalegallybindingagreementbetweentwoormoreparties.Itoutlinestherightsandobligationsofeachpartyandisenforceablebylaw.

2.Wills:Awillisalegaldocumentthatspecifieshowaperson'spropertyandassetsshouldbedistributedaftertheirdeath.Itisanimportanttoolforestateplanning.

3.Lawsuits:Alawsuitisalegalactionbroughtbyonepartyagainstanothertoresolveadispute.Itinvolvesfilingacomplaintandgoingthroughthecourtprocess.

4.Briefs:Abriefisawrittenargumentsubmittedtoacourtbyalawyer.Itoutlinesthelegalissuesandargumentsinacaseandisusedtopersuadethecourttoruleinfavoroftheclient.

5.Opinions:Anopinionisawrittendecisionmadebyacourtinalegalcase.Itprovidesguidanceontheinterpretationofthelawandcanhaveasignificantimpactonfuturecases.

Questions:

a.Listthreetypesoflegaldocumentsmentionedinthepassage.

b.Explainthepurposeofawill.

c.Describetheroleofabriefinlegalproceedings.

五、案例分析题（每题10分，共20分）

16.CaseStudy1:ContractDispute

JohnandJaneenteredintoacontracttopurchaseahouse.Thecontractstatedthatthesalewouldbeconditionaluponthehousepassingabuildinginspection.Theinspectionrevealedsignificantstructuraldamage,andJohndecidednottoproceedwiththepurchase.JanesuedJohnforbreachofcontract.

a.Whatlegalissuesareraisedinthiscase?

b.DiscussthepotentialdefensesthatJohnmightraise.

c.Whatoutcomewouldyoupredictbasedontheinformationprovided?

17.CaseStudy2:EstatePlanning

Marypassedawaywithoutawill.Shehadtwochildren,TomandLisa,andasignificantamountofproperty.TomandLisaarenowindisputeoverhowtheirmother'sestateshouldbedivided.

a.Whatlegalissuesareraisedinthiscase?

b.Discussthepotentialsolutionstoresolvethedispute.

c.Whatoutcomewouldyoupredictbasedontheinformationprovided?

六、翻译题（每题5分，共10分）

18.TranslatethefollowinglegalEnglishsentenceintoChinese:"Thecourthasjurisdictiontohearthecasebecausethepartiesagreedtosubmittoitsauthority."

19.TranslatethefollowingChineselegaltermintoEnglish:"继承权"

试卷答案如下：

一、选择题答案及解析思路：

1.C.BothAandB

解析思路：合同可以是书面或口头形式，因此选择C。

2.D.Executor

解析思路：Lessor（出租人）、Lessee（承租人）、Mortgagor（抵押人）都是与财产法相关的术语，而Executor（遗嘱执行人）与财产分配有关，但不是财产法中的术语。

3.A.Aformalwrittenstatementoftheclaimsanddefensesinalawsuit

解析思路：Pleading指的是诉讼中提出的正式书面陈述，包括原告的索赔和被告的辩护。

4.A.Theprinciplethatallindividuals,includinggovernmentofficials,aresubjecttoandaccountabletolaws

解析思路：法治原则强调所有人，包括政府官员，都必须遵守并对其行为负责。

5.D.Noneoftheabove

解析思路：BillofSale（销售凭证）、Judgment（判决）、Warrant（搜查令）都是法律文件，Memo（备忘录）通常不是正式的法律文件。

二、填空题答案及解析思路：

6.Commencingalawsuit

解析思路：开始诉讼的过程称为commencingalawsuit。

7.Complaint

解析思路：Complaint是总结案件事实和各方论点的法律文件。

8.Motion

解析思路：Motion是指请求法院就某一法律问题作出决定的正式请求。

9.Void

解析思路：Void指的是无效的，即不具有法律效力的。

10.Equalitybeforethelaw

解析思路：Equalitybeforethelaw是指法律面前人人平等的原则。

三、简答题答案及解析思路：

11.Apleadingisaformalwrittenstatementoftheclaimsanddefensesinalawsuit,whileananswerisawrittenresponsetotheclaimsmadeinthepleading.Thepleadingoutlinesthelegalissuesandargumentsofthepartyfilingthelawsuit,whiletheanswerrespondstotheseclaims.

解析思路：解释pleading和answer的定义和区别。

12.Thepurposeofabriefistopresentthelegalargumentsandreasoningtothecourt.Itoutlinesthelegalissuesatstake,therelevantcaselaw,andtheargumentssupportingtheclient'sposition.Thebriefisusedtopersuadethecourttoruleinfavoroftheclient.

解析思路：解释brief在法律程序中的目的。

13.Ajudgeplaysacrucialroleinalegalcase.Theypresideovertheproceedings,interpretthelaw,makedecisionsonlegalissues,andensurethatthetrialisconductedfairly.Thejudge'sdecisionscanhaveasignificantimpactontheoutcomeofthecase.

解析思路：描述法官在案件中的作用。

四、阅读理解题答案及解析思路：

14.a.ThemainpurposeofusingLatinphrasesinlegalEnglishistoexpresscomplexlegalconceptsinaconciseandprecisemanner.

b.Passivevoiceisusedinlegaldocumentstofocusontheactionsofthepartiesinvolvedratherthanthepersonperformingtheaction,whichhelpsmaintainobjectivityandclarity.

c.PrecisionandclarityareimportantinlegalEnglishwritingtoensurethattheintendedmeaningisconveyedaccuratelyandtoavoidambiguityandpotentiallegaldisputes.

解析思路：解释拉丁短语的使用、被动语态的作用以及精确性和清晰度的重要性。

15.a.Contracts,Wills,Lawsuits

b.Thepurposeofawillistospecifyhowaperson'spropertyandassetsshouldbedistributedaftertheirdeath,whichisanimportanttoolforestateplanning.

c.Abriefisusedtopersuadethecourttoruleinfavoroftheclientbyoutliningthelegalissuesandargumentsinacase.

解析思路：列出法律文件类型、解释遗嘱的目的以及解释brief的作用。

五、案例分析题答案及解析思路：

16.a.Thelegalissuesraisedinthiscaseincludebreachofcontractandtheinterpretationofthecontractterms.

b.PotentialdefensesthatJohnmightraiseincludetheexistenceofavalidexcusefornotproceedingw