阅读理解专题一细节题课件高三英语二轮复习

高三二轮专题复习•英语专题一阅读理解---细节理解题内容：1.考情分析2.题型攻略细节理解题在英语高考阅读理解中占了较大的比重，但此类题型相对比较简单，只需要根据题干中的关键词，回到原文定位信息区间，稍加比对，就能得出答案。因此，对于这类题目要力求读得快、找得准、答得对，力争不丢分，保住基本分才能得高分。细节理解题常分为直接信息题和间接信息题。直接信息题就是可以在原文中直接找到答案的细节题，常用who,what,when,where,why和how等疑问词提问，这类试题主要考查原文中的时间、地点、人物等信息。间接信息题相对于直接信息题要难些，因为此类题目的正确选项都经过了命题人对原文信息的语义转换，两者存在表达上的差异。考生不能一眼就从原文中找出正确答案，而是要稍加归纳才能得出答案。1．特殊疑问句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑问词引出的问题。2．判断是非形式。含有TRUE/FALSE,NOTTRUE或EXCEPT等的判断是非的问题。此时要注意题干中是否含有否定词，如not,never等。3．以“Accordingto...”开头的提问形式。常见设问方式类型一直接细节类

直接细节题在原文中可直接找到答案，不要求考生对事实作出解释或判断，只需要他们从阅读材料中直接获取信息(有时需要跨段落查找细节信息)，正确选项和原文的表述上没有太大的变化。常见设问形式有：◆Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?◆Whatkindof...is...?◆Whencanyouseeaplay...?◆WherecanyoubuyasouveniratPacificScienceCenter?◆WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames?通技法——解题怎么办一、直接信息题——二步准判定[解题流程][例证1]

TrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation，pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.21．Whatwouldyoudotogetticketinformation?A．Call131617.B．Visittranslink.com.au.C．Askatthelocalstation.D．Checkthetrainschedule.Lostproperty(失物招领)CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7：30a．m.to5：00p．m.andislocated(位于)atRomaStreetstation.[例证2]

(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解A)1.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?AltandiB.RomaStreetC.VarsityLakesD.FortitudeValleyDepartOriginDestinationArrive6：42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7：37pm7：29pmCentralVarsityLakes8：52pm8：57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9：52pm11：02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12：22amCustomersusingmobilitydevicesManystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance，pleasecallQueenslandRailon131617.Guardiantrains(outbound)1.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?A.6：42pm

B.7：29pmC.8：57pm

D.11：02pm[例证2]

TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst，whichItaketoreadingeveryspring，isErnestHemingway'sA

Moveable

Feast.Publishedin1964，it'shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人陶醉的)，anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard'sHoly

the

Firm，herpoetic1975ramble(随笔)abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortázar'sSave

Twilight：Selected

Poems，becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortázar.25．WhatdoweknowaboutthebookA

Moveable

Feast?A．It'sabriefaccountofatrip.B．It'saboutHemingway'slifeasayoungman.C．It'sarecordofahistoricevent.D．It'saboutHemingway'sfriendsinParis.

技法点拨直接信息题简单明了，做此类试题的关键就是“两对照”：

题干对文章，文章对答案。类型二综合细节类

直接细节题过于简单直接，所以，为了更好地考查考生的思维品质，命题人往往会对具体信息加以修饰，这就需要考生综合多处信息进行理解。常见设问方式：◆Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes...?◆Howlongdoes...last?◆Howmuchshouldacouplewithakidpaytovisit...?◆Whywas...asuccess?[例证1]

Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould，andabouthalfofthechildreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher­incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently，andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.However，boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls，andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythantheparentsofgirls.1.Howdoboysdifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?A．Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.B．Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.C．Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.D．Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.同义替换[例证2]

(2019·全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解A)StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire，butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.22．WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A．15－18. B．15－24.C．15－29. D．16－17.[典例示范]...Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown....26．Whatmadethechickcalmdown?A．Anewnest.

B．Somefood.C．Arecording.D．Itsparents.语言简化IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButch

Cassidy

and

the

Sundance

Kid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon’tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.24．Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletoauthoratfirst?A．PaulNewmanwantedit.B．Thestudiopowersdidn’tlikehisagent.C．Hewasn’tfamousenough.D．Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.正话反说Whenaleafyplantisunderattack,itdoesn’tsitquietly.Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds,VOCsforshort.32．Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?A．Itmakesnoises.B．Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C．Itstandsquietly.D．Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.语言简化技法点拨综合细节题有以下特点：1．词语替换。使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词替换关键词，例如，使用book来替换文中的reserve，使用aheadoftime来替换文中的inadvance等，使得试题题干或者选项中的关键信息点和文章中的相关信息点并不完全一致。2．对具体信息进行加工，尤其是年龄、年代、数量、顺序等，这些都需要考生进行简单的计算或者整理，但此类试题的重点不在于计算和推理判断，而在于考查考生对具体信息的处理能力，故试题设置一般都是简单的计算或替换。3．细节概括。为了增加细节理解题的难度，命题人有时候也会从概括的角度来进行命题，一个细节理解题涉及一段或者几段的内容，需要考生进行概括后才能回答，虽然各细节信息在文章中都能找到，但此类试题需要考生具备一定的概括能力。Practicemakesperfect.对点练习:1.Papers2.二轮复习书P5-621.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.22.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15-18. B.15-24. C.15-29. D.16-17.23.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A.JobsforYouth. B.SummerCompany.C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram. D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.2019(2)21.Whodoes"I"refertointhetext?A.StephenKing. B.GillianFlynn.C.JoUsmar. D.RoaldDahl22.WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutMariandEri?A.Cosmopolitan. B.Matilda.C.AfterDark. D.TheStand.23.WhatkindofbookisGone

Girl?)A.Afolktale. B.Abiography.C.Alovestory. D.Ahorrorstory.21.WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout?A.Atypeofart. B.Ateenager’sstudio.C.Agreatteacher. D.Agroupofanimals.22.WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience?A.HelenMirren. B.PeterMorgan.C.DylanBaker. D.StephenDaldry.23.WhichplaywillyougotoifyouareinterestedinAmericanhistory?A.AnimalsOutofPaper. B.TheAudience.C.Hamilton. D.OntheTwentiethCentury.2019(3)21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople. B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums. D.Enjoyinterestingstories.23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps. B.Cameras.C.Meals. D.Safetylights.2018(1)2018(2)21.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?A.OUT. B.WBP. C.CRF.D.POT.

22.What

will

the

students

do

on

Tuesday

with

Mrs.

Wilson?A.Travel

to

London.B.See

a

parade

and

fireworks.C.Tour

central

Paris.D.Visit

the

WWI

battlefields.

23.How

long

does

Potty

about

Potter

last?A.Two

days. B.Four

days.C.Five

days. D.One

week.2018(3)21.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?A.20minutes. B.25minutes. C.45minutes. D.90minutes.

22.HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppaytovisittoHall&Gardens?A.£l2.00. B.£9.00. C.£8.00. D.£5.50.

23.Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow?A.Producers’Market. B.HolkerGardenFestival.C.NationalGardenDay. D.WinterMarket.

2017(1)21.WherecanyoubuyasouveniratPacificScienceCenter?A.InBuilding1.B.InBuilding3.C.AttheLaserDome.D.AttheDennyWayentrance.22.WhatdoesPacificScienceCenterdoforschools?Trainscienceteachers.B.Distributesciencebooks.C.Inspirescientificresearch.D.Takesciencetotheclassroom.23.Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?Toencouragedonations.B.Toadvertisecomingevents.C.Tointroducespecialexhibits.D.TotellabouttheCenter’shistory.

2017(2)21.WhichplaywillbeperformedbytheNationalTheatreofChina? A.RichardⅢ. B.Love’sLabour’sLost. C.AsYouLikeIt. D.TheMerchantofVenice.22.WhatisspecialaboutDeafinitelyTheatre? A.Ithastwogroupsofactors.B.ItistheleadingtheatreinLondon.C.ItperformsplaysinBSL.D.Itisgoodatproducingcomedies.23.WhencanyouseeaplayinHebrew? A.OnSaturday28April.B.OnSunday29April. C.OnTuesday22May.D.OnTuesday29May.21.WhichofthetoursisavailableinMarch?A.SanFranciscoWineryTourB.BacktotheFiftiesTour.C.SpookyHallowenTour.D.HolidayLightsTour.22.WhatcantouristsdoonBacktotheFiftiesTours?A.GotoTreasureIsland.B.Enjoytheholidayscenes.C.Havefreeicecream.D.VisitthePresidiodistrict.23.WhataretouristsrequiredtodotogoonHolidayLightsTour?A.Takesomedrinks.B.Setoffearlyinthemorning.C.Wearwarmclothes.D.Makereservationsinadvance.1.A

[细节理解题。根据3GrandPrizes部分中的TriptoWashington，D.C.foreachofthreewinners，aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice.可知，特等奖获得者最多可以带两个人一起去华盛顿特区旅行.[语篇解读]本文主要介绍了诗歌比赛的奖项设置、参赛规则等相关信息。2.C

[细节理解题。根据50HonorableMentions部分中的whowilleachreceiveaT­shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight可知，荣誉奖获得者可获得一件特别的T恤衫作为奖品.B

[细节理解题。根据Rules部分第一条中的Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.可知，参赛作品的词数应在100以内，因此B