湖南省长沙市浏阳市2024-2025学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷（含解析）

湖南省长沙市浏阳市2024-2025学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷第二部分阅读第一节阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。12．（4分）Paris2024AlleventsAllcitiesSearchforaneventorvenueeaaOpeningceremonyOOC01Openingceremony…FindoutmoreFriday，26.07.2024/20：00﹣23：15SeineOlympiquePARISClosingceremonyOCC01Closingceremony…FindoutmoreSunday，11.08.2024/20：00﹣23：00StadedeFranceSAINT﹣DENISFootballFBL5BW﹣Final…FindoutmoreSaturday，10.08.2024/17：00﹣20：30ParcdesPrincesPARISBoxingBOX28M/W﹣Finals…FindoutmoreSaturday，10.08.2024/21：30﹣23：30Roland﹣GarrosStadiumPARISWeightliftingWLF10W﹣+81kg…FindoutmoreSunday，11.08.202411：30﹣14：00SouthParisArena6PARISBadmintonBDM22W﹣Doubles：bronze，final…FindoutmoreSaturday，03.08.2024/15：00﹣17：30PortedeLaChapelleArenaPARIS（1）Whenistheclosingceremony？A.OnJuly30th.B.OnAugust11th.C.OnJuly26th.（2）WhichsportcanwewatchatPortedeLaChapelleArena？A.B.C.13．（8分）Accordingtoarecentreport，about18%ofChina'sInternetusersareunder19yearsold.Andnearly1/4ofthemarestudents.WhilebenefitingalotfromtheInternet，teenagersoftenfacedangersandrisks.Tobetterprotectthem，theChinesegovernmentlastyearlaunched（启动）aspecialsystemknownasthe"TeenagerMode（模式）."Manyliveonlinevideoplatforms（平台）arenowusingit，buthoweffectiveisit？"TeenagerMode"seemstobeafirewalltoprotectteenageInternetusersfromoveruse.Platformshavetheirownwaystodothat，suchastimelimitsandpasswords.Theycanalsoprohibitrewarding，recharging（续费）andsoon.Althoughtherearesomeadvantages，"TeenagerMode"isnotperfect.Forexample，manyparentscomplainthattheirchildrencanstillseesomethingunsuitableonsomeplatformsalthoughtheyuse"TeenagerMode".Expertssaythesystemisstillverynewandittakestimeandenergytoimproveit.Otherssay"TeenagerMode"doesn'treallylimitthetimeteenagersspendonline.Toimproveit，firstofall，thetimespentoneachapporplatformneedstobeshared.Second，inordertohelpparentscontroltheirchildren'stimespentonline，theapporplatformcantrigger（触发）analarmtowarntheparents.Inall，thesystemisanimportantfirststeptoprotectyoungpeoplefromthedangersandrisksoftheInternet，butmoreneedstobedone.（1）Whyisthe"TeenagerMode"launched？A.ToshowteenagersthebenefitsoftheInternet.B.TostopteenagersfromoverusingtheInternet.C.Tokeepteenagersfarawayfromtheircomputers.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prohibit"inParagraph2probablymean？A.Stop.B.Change.C.Allow.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.The"TeenagerMode"hasnorisks.B.The"TeenagerMode"canonlysetpasswords.C.The"TeenagerMode"stillhassomeproblems.（4）Whatisthewriter'sattitude（态度）to"TeenagerMode"？A.Doubtful.B.Objective.C.Supportive.14．（8分）BEIJING，May28，2024（XinhuaNews）—TheShenzhou﹣18crew（全体工作人员）completedthefirstspacewalkoftheirmission（任务）at6：58p.m.（BeijingTime）onTuesday，accordingtotheCMSA（中国载人航天局）.ThetwomembersoftheShenzhou﹣18，YeGuangfuandLiGuangsu，startedtheirspacewalk.TheyworkedoutsidetheTiangongspacestationfornearly8.5hours.WiththehelpofspaceequipmentandateamonEarth，theysuccessfullycompletedmanytasksduringtheirspacewalk，includingsomedifficultfixingtasks.NowtheyhavereturnedtotheWentianlabmodule（实验舱）.Thethirdcrewmember，LiCong，stayedinsideTiangongtoprovidesupport.TheShenzhou﹣18crewhassetanewrecordforthelongestsinglespacewalkbyChineseastronauts.ThismarkedYe'ssecondtimetohaveaspacewalk，andhisfirstspacewalkwasintheShenzhou﹣13mission，butthisisthefirsttimeforLiGuangsutostartaspacewalk.Themissionwillincludemanytasks.Firstofall，thethreememberswilldoaseriesofspacescienceexperimentsandmanynecessarytests.Andthen，theywillcarryoutmoreactivitiesanddosomefixingworkoutsidethespacestation.ThethreeastronautswillworkonboardTiangonguntillateOctober，accordingtotheCMSA.Sofar，Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullycarriedout15spacewalksinall.OnSeptember27，2008，astronautZhaiZhiganginShenzhou﹣7missionmadehistoryasChina'sfirstpersontotakeaspacewalk，whichlastedabout19minutes.TheShenzhou﹣15crewhasachievedamilestone（里程碑）byhaving4spacewalks，markingthehighestnumberofspacewalksbyasingleChineseastronautcrew.TheShenzhou﹣17memberscompleted，forthefirsttime，therepairworktokeeptheequipmentingoodconditionduringtheirsecondspacewalk，whichlastedabout8hours.（1）Whatisthenewsmainlyabout？A.LiCongprovidedsupportinsidethespacestation.B.TheShenzhou﹣18crewcompletedthefirstspacewalk.C.TheShenzhou﹣17crewstartedtocarryoutnewtasks.（2）WhatisthenewrecordsetbytheShenzhou﹣18crew？A.Thelongestsinglespacewalk.B.Themostdifficultfixingtasks.C.Themostsuccessfulexperiments.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？A.TheShenzhou﹣17crewhascompleted4spacewalksinall.B.ZhaiZhigangmadehistorybytakingaspacewalkfor190minutes.C.ChinahasmadegreatachievementsinSpaceTechnologysofar.（4）Inwhichpartofanewspaperwillwereadthispassage？A.CultureandArtB.ScienceandTechnologyC.SportsandHealth第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。15．（10分）Self﹣controlisaskillthatchildrenneedtosucceedinschool，sociallyandemotionally.Thedevelopmentofself﹣controlbeginsatbirthandcontinuesthroughoutourlives.Itisclearthatbeingimpulsive（易冲动的）canhavebadeffectsonchildren.Therefore，bylearningself﹣control，childrencanbenefitalot.Theycanmakerightdecisions.（1）.Oneoftheeffectivestrategies，whenhelpingchildrendevelopself﹣controlabilities，istoselectdevelopmentallypropertasks.（2），wheresuccessisexpected，beforemovingontothenextgoal.Forpreschoolers，goalsmightincludenotinterruptingornotfightingontheplayground.Forearlyelementaryschoolstudents，rightgoalsmightbefollowingbedtimerules.（3）.Forchildrenofthesameage，therearestillsomedifferencesinthedevelopmentofself﹣controlabilities.Somegeneralstrategiesoftenhelpthemlearnrightself﹣controlbehaviors.•TakeabreakEncouragechildrentotakeabreakor"timein"whenevertheyfeeldown，annoyedorangry.Steppingawayfromanupsettingsituationcanhelpachildcalmdown.•（4）Payingattentionisaskillthatcanbetaught.Encouragechildrentoresistinterruptingbylearningtoobserveotherswithouttalking，sotheycanjoinineasily.Makesuretoprovidechildrenwithattentionattimessotheydon'tfeelignoredandthereforeareunlikelytointerrupt.•Useproperrewards（奖励）Inordertodeveloppositivebehaviors，childrenneedfrequentlypositivefeedback.Praiseandconsistentfeedbackcanbehighlyrewardingforyoungchildren.（5）.A.TeachandprovideattentionB.TrysettingupsimplegoalsfirstC.However，it'snotenoughtosetupsimplegoalsD.AndtheycanrespondtosituationsinpositivewaysE.Itisimportanttoletachildknowwhatadesiredbehavioris第三部分语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。16．（15分）Ablindboysatonthestreetwithahatbyhisfeet.He（1）asignwhichsaid："Iamblind，pleasehelpme."Therewereonlyafew（2）inthehat.Amanwalkedby.Heputafewcoinsintothehat.Hethentookthesign，turneditaround，and（3）somewords.Heputthesignbacksothateveryonewhowalkedbycouldseethenewwords.Soonthehatbegantofillup.Thatafternoonthemanwhohadchangedthesigncameto（4）howthingswere.Theboyrecognized（认出）his（5）andasked，"Wereyoutheonewhomovedmysignthismorning？Whatdidyouwrite？"Themansaid，"Ionlywrotethetruth，Isaidwhatyousaidbutina（6）way."Hiswordswere"Todayisabeautifulday，butIcannotseeit."Doyouthinkthefirstsignandthesecondsignsaidthesamething？Ofcourse，bothsignstoldpeopletheboywasblind.Butthefirstsignonlytoldpeopletoputsomemoneyinthe（7）.Thesecondsigntoldpeoplethattheycouldenjoytheday，（8）theboycouldnotenjoyit，becausehewasblind.Thefirstsign（9）saidtheboywasblind.Thesecondsignreminded（提醒）peopletheywereluckierbecausetheywerenotblind.Thereareatleasttwolessonswecanlearnfromthissimplestory.Oneis：Bethankfulforwhatyouhave.Theotheris：Becreative.（10）differently.Thereisalwaysabetterway.（1）A.showedupB.putupC.layedout（2）A.candiesB.clothesC.coins（3）A.cleanedB.wroteC.created（4）A.seeB.noticeC.discover（5）A.bodyB.faceC.footsteps（6）A.differentB.normalC.polite（7）A.boxB.pocketC.hat（8）A.andB.soC.but（9）A.wiselyB.simplyC.exactly（10）A.thinkB.hopeC.admire第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。17．（10分）Hello，friends，welcometoCultureChina.Intoday'spost，we'llintroduceakindofnationalintangibleculturalheritage（国家级非遗）thatiscalledTie﹣dye（扎染）.Asisknowntoall，colorfulclotheswewearthesedays（1）（make）bymachines.Butwhatdidancientpeopledoiftheywantedtowearsomethingcolorful？Tie﹣dyewasaway（2）（do）this.It'sbelievedthattheskilloftie﹣dye（3）（be）aroundformorethan1，000yearssincetheBaipeopleinYunnanfirstbegantousetie﹣dyetodyetheirclothes.DuringtheTang（618﹣907）andSong（960﹣1279）Dynasties（朝代），thisskillbecame（4）popularthatpeopleevengavetie﹣dyedclothestotheemperorasgifts.Totie﹣dye，youneed（5）（tool）totieyourclothtogetherfirstandputitindye（染料）.Astheclothisfolded（折叠），somepartsbecomedarkblue，whileotherpartshaveamuch（6）（light）color.（7）youunfoldthecloth，you'llseebeautifulpatterns.AtDior'sspring2019show，thefamousEuropeandesignerMariaGraziaChiurisurprisedpeoplewithtie﹣dyedresses.Chiurisaid，"（8）（it）creativeprocessisakindofunbelievableperformance，rightuntiltheveryend.It's（9）（real）awonder."Wouldyouliketohave（10）tryforyourself？Formoreinformationoftie﹣dyeing，welcometoclick!第四部分读写综合第一节阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。18．（10分）Imagineanexpressway（高速公路）thatcancirclearoundEarthmorethanthreeandahalftimes!Chinaishometotheworld'slargestexpresswaynetwork，withatotallengthof160，000kilometersasoftheendof2020.By2035，thenetworkwillcoverallcitiesandcounties，ChinaDailyreported.Theexpressway'sblueprint（蓝图）wasfirstannouncedin1991，whenChinawasstillattheearlystageofitsmarketreforms（改革）.Thespeedygrowthoftheeconomycalledformoreconvenienttransportation.Thegovernmentplannedtobuildexpresswayswithatotallengthof35，000kilometersover30years.Butthegoalwasachievedby2008，13yearsaheadofschedule.TheexpresswaysconnectnotonlyChina'sbiggestcities，suchasBeijing，ShanghaiandGuangzhou，butalsomanymedium﹣sizedcities.TheyreachaboutTheexpresswaysconnectnotonlyChina'sbiggestcities，suchasBeijing，70percentofChina'surbanresidents（居民）.Differentclimateandterrain（地形）challengeswereovercome.Thisallowedroadstobebuiltinundevelopedareas.Theexpresswaysprovidestrongsupportforpovertyalleviation（扶贫）.TaketheShanghai﹣Chongqingexpresswayasanexample.Attheeasternendoftheroad，ShanghaiisChina'sfinancialcenter.Butthewesternendusedtobeoneofthecountry'spoorestareas.It'stheWulingmountainregion.ItcoversthecityofChongqing，aswellasHubei，HunanandGuizhouprovinces.Becauseoftheexpressway，theregionhasbeenliftedoutofextremepoverty.（1）HowlongistheChineseexpresswaynetworkbytheendof2020？（2）Whenwastheexpressway'sblueprintfirstannounced？（3）Whatcitiesdotheexpresswaysconnect？（4）WhydidthesomeprovinceslikeHubeiandGuizhouliftoutofextremepoverty？（5）WhatdoyouthinkofChina'stransportationinthefuture？第二节根据要求完成短文写作。↩19．（15分）提到中国交通，离不开两个关键词：共享单车和高铁。作为中国交通的"名片"，它们为广大居民的出行带来了极大的便利。你是李辉，请给英文校刊Scienceandtechnology栏目投稿，根据下列提示谈论话题：这两种交通工具是如何便利人们生活的。Sharedbikes健康环保；花钱少；……High﹣speedtrains快捷；舒适的乘车环境；……（1）包括提示所给的全部内容，可适当增加细节；（2）文中不得出现真实人名和校名；（3）80词左右（标题和开头都已给出，不计入总词数）。Moderntransportationmeansmakepeople'slifemucheasier.LetmetakeModerntransportationmeanshavechangedpeople'slifethesharedbikeandthehigh﹣speedtrainasexamples.______

参考答案与试题解析第二部分阅读第一节阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。12．（4分）Paris2024AlleventsAllcitiesSearchforaneventorvenueeaaOpeningceremonyOOC01Openingceremony…FindoutmoreFriday，26.07.2024/20：00﹣23：15SeineOlympiquePARISClosingceremonyOCC01Closingceremony…FindoutmoreSunday，11.08.2024/20：00﹣23：00StadedeFranceSAINT﹣DENISFootballFBL5BW﹣Final…FindoutmoreSaturday，10.08.2024/17：00﹣20：30ParcdesPrincesPARISBoxingBOX28M/W﹣Finals…FindoutmoreSaturday，10.08.2024/21：30﹣23：30Roland﹣GarrosStadiumPARISWeightliftingWLF10W﹣+81kg…FindoutmoreSunday，11.08.202411：30﹣14：00SouthParisArena6PARISBadmintonBDM22W﹣Doubles：bronze，final…FindoutmoreSaturday，03.08.2024/15：00﹣17：30PortedeLaChapelleArenaPARIS（1）Whenistheclosingceremony？BA.OnJuly30th.B.OnAugust11th.C.OnJuly26th.（2）WhichsportcanwewatchatPortedeLaChapelleArena？CA.B.C.【分析】本文主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会赛事情况。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二个方框右Closingceremony...Sunday，11.08.2024/20：00﹣23：00（闭幕式......24年8月11日，星期日，20：00﹣23：00）可知闭幕式是8月11日。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第三个方框右Badminton...PortedeLaChapelleArenaPARIS（羽毛球......巴黎夏佩尔门竞技场）可知我们可以在巴黎夏佩尔门竞技场观看羽毛球运动。故选C。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。13．（8分）Accordingtoarecentreport，about18%ofChina'sInternetusersareunder19yearsold.Andnearly1/4ofthemarestudents.WhilebenefitingalotfromtheInternet，teenagersoftenfacedangersandrisks.Tobetterprotectthem，theChinesegovernmentlastyearlaunched（启动）aspecialsystemknownasthe"TeenagerMode（模式）."Manyliveonlinevideoplatforms（平台）arenowusingit，buthoweffectiveisit？"TeenagerMode"seemstobeafirewalltoprotectteenageInternetusersfromoveruse.Platformshavetheirownwaystodothat，suchastimelimitsandpasswords.Theycanalsoprohibitrewarding，recharging（续费）andsoon.Althoughtherearesomeadvantages，"TeenagerMode"isnotperfect.Forexample，manyparentscomplainthattheirchildrencanstillseesomethingunsuitableonsomeplatformsalthoughtheyuse"TeenagerMode".Expertssaythesystemisstillverynewandittakestimeandenergytoimproveit.Otherssay"TeenagerMode"doesn'treallylimitthetimeteenagersspendonline.Toimproveit，firstofall，thetimespentoneachapporplatformneedstobeshared.Second，inordertohelpparentscontroltheirchildren'stimespentonline，theapporplatformcantrigger（触发）analarmtowarntheparents.Inall，thesystemisanimportantfirststeptoprotectyoungpeoplefromthedangersandrisksoftheInternet，butmoreneedstobedone.（1）Whyisthe"TeenagerMode"launched？BA.ToshowteenagersthebenefitsoftheInternet.B.TostopteenagersfromoverusingtheInternet.C.Tokeepteenagersfarawayfromtheircomputers.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prohibit"inParagraph2probablymean？AA.Stop.B.Change.C.Allow.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？CA.The"TeenagerMode"hasnorisks.B.The"TeenagerMode"canonlysetpasswords.C.The"TeenagerMode"stillhassomeproblems.（4）Whatisthewriter'sattitude（态度）to"TeenagerMode"？BA.Doubtful.B.Objective.C.Supportive.【分析】本文主要介绍了中国为了保护青少年免受互联网危害而推出的"青少年模式"。该模式通过时间限制、密码设置等方式控制青少年上网，但存在不完善之处，如内容过滤不完全、时间限制效果有限等。文章指出，尽管"青少年模式"是保护青少年的重要一步，但仍需要进一步改进和完善。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段Accordingtoarecentreport，about18%ofChina'sInternetusersareunder19yearsold.Andnearly1/4ofthemarestudents.WhilebenefitingalotfromtheInternet，teenagersoftenfacedangersandrisks.Tobetterprotectthem，theChinesegovernmentlastyearlaunched（启动）aspecialsystemknownasthe"TeenagerMode（模式）."（根据最近的一份报告，中国约18%的互联网用户年龄在19岁以下。其中近四分之一是学生。在从互联网获益良多的同时，青少年也经常面临危险和风险。为了更好地保护他们，中国政府去年推出了一个名为"青少年模式"的特殊系统。）可知青少年模式是为了阻止青少年过度使用互联网，故选B。（2）词义猜测题。根据第2段Platformshavetheirownwaystodothat，suchastimelimitsandpasswords.Theycanalsoprohibitrewarding，recharging（续费）andsoon.（各平台都有自己的方式，比如时间限制和密码。它们还可以禁止奖励、续费等。）可知prohibit是"阻止"的意思，故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据第3段Expertssaythesystemisstillverynewandittakestimeandenergytoimproveit.（专家表示，该系统仍然很新，需要时间和精力来改进。）可知"青少年模式"仍然存在一些问题，故选C。（4）推理判断题。根据第4段Inall，thesystemisanimportantfirststeptoprotectyoungpeoplefromthedangersandrisksoftheInternet，butmoreneedstobedone.（总而言之，该系统是保护年轻人免受互联网危险和风险的重要第一步，但还有更多工作要做。）可知作者对"青少年模式"的评价是客观的，故选B。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。14．（8分）BEIJING，May28，2024（XinhuaNews）—TheShenzhou﹣18crew（全体工作人员）completedthefirstspacewalkoftheirmission（任务）at6：58p.m.（BeijingTime）onTuesday，accordingtotheCMSA（中国载人航天局）.ThetwomembersoftheShenzhou﹣18，YeGuangfuandLiGuangsu，startedtheirspacewalk.TheyworkedoutsidetheTiangongspacestationfornearly8.5hours.WiththehelpofspaceequipmentandateamonEarth，theysuccessfullycompletedmanytasksduringtheirspacewalk，includingsomedifficultfixingtasks.NowtheyhavereturnedtotheWentianlabmodule（实验舱）.Thethirdcrewmember，LiCong，stayedinsideTiangongtoprovidesupport.TheShenzhou﹣18crewhassetanewrecordforthelongestsinglespacewalkbyChineseastronauts.ThismarkedYe'ssecondtimetohaveaspacewalk，andhisfirstspacewalkwasintheShenzhou﹣13mission，butthisisthefirsttimeforLiGuangsutostartaspacewalk.Themissionwillincludemanytasks.Firstofall，thethreememberswilldoaseriesofspacescienceexperimentsandmanynecessarytests.Andthen，theywillcarryoutmoreactivitiesanddosomefixingworkoutsidethespacestation.ThethreeastronautswillworkonboardTiangonguntillateOctober，accordingtotheCMSA.Sofar，Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullycarriedout15spacewalksinall.OnSeptember27，2008，astronautZhaiZhiganginShenzhou﹣7missionmadehistoryasChina'sfirstpersontotakeaspacewalk，whichlastedabout19minutes.TheShenzhou﹣15crewhasachievedamilestone（里程碑）byhaving4spacewalks，markingthehighestnumberofspacewalksbyasingleChineseastronautcrew.TheShenzhou﹣17memberscompleted，forthefirsttime，therepairworktokeeptheequipmentingoodconditionduringtheirsecondspacewalk，whichlastedabout8hours.（1）Whatisthenewsmainlyabout？BA.LiCongprovidedsupportinsidethespacestation.B.TheShenzhou﹣18crewcompletedthefirstspacewalk.C.TheShenzhou﹣17crewstartedtocarryoutnewtasks.（2）WhatisthenewrecordsetbytheShenzhou﹣18crew？AA.Thelongestsinglespacewalk.B.Themostdifficultfixingtasks.C.Themostsuccessfulexperiments.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？CA.TheShenzhou﹣17crewhascompleted4spacewalksinall.B.ZhaiZhigangmadehistorybytakingaspacewalkfor190minutes.C.ChinahasmadegreatachievementsinSpaceTechnologysofar.（4）Inwhichpartofanewspaperwillwereadthispassage？BA.CultureandArtB.ScienceandTechnologyC.SportsandHealth【分析】神舟﹣18乘组完成了首次太空行走，历时近8.5小时，刷新了中国宇航员单次太空行走时长纪录。两名宇航员叶光富和李广苏在天宫空间站外执行任务，包括一些复杂的固定工作，现已返回问天实验舱。李聪留在舱内提供支持。此次任务还包括一系列太空科学实验、必要测试及后续的外部活动和维修工作，预计持续至10月末。至此，中国宇航员已成功完成15次太空行走，其中神舟﹣15乘组创下单个乘组4次太空行走的最高纪录。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段BEIJING，May28，2024（XinhuaNews）—TheShenzhou﹣18crew（全体工作人员）completedthefirstspacewalkoftheirmission（任务）at6：58p.m.（BeijingTime）onTuesday，accordingtotheCMSA（中国载人航天局）.（北京，2024年5月28日（新华社）——据CMSA报道，神舟18号机组人员于北京时间周二下午6点58分完成了他们的第一次太空行走任务。）可知文章主要介绍了神舟18号机组人员完成了第一次太空行走。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段TheShenzhou﹣18crewhassetanewrecordforthelongestsinglespacewalkbyChineseastronauts.（神舟18号航天员创造了中国航天员单次太空行走时间最长的新纪录。）可知神州18号机组人员创造的新纪录是最长的单次太空行走。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Sofar，Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullycarriedout15spacewalksinall.（到目前为止，中国宇航员已经成功进行了15次太空行走。）可知从最后一段我们知道到目前为止，中国在空间技术方面取得了巨大成就。故选C。（4）推理判断题。根据全文，可知文章介绍了神舟﹣18乘组完成了首次太空行走，历时近8.5小时，刷新了中国宇航员单次太空行走时长纪录。我们将在报纸的科学技术部分阅读这篇文章。故选B。【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。15．（10分）Self﹣controlisaskillthatchildrenneedtosucceedinschool，sociallyandemotionally.Thedevelopmentofself﹣controlbeginsatbirthandcontinuesthroughoutourlives.Itisclearthatbeingimpulsive（易冲动的）canhavebadeffectsonchildren.Therefore，bylearningself﹣control，childrencanbenefitalot.Theycanmakerightdecisions.（1）D.Oneoftheeffectivestrategies，whenhelpingchildrendevelopself﹣controlabilities，istoselectdevelopmentallypropertasks.（2）B，wheresuccessisexpected，beforemovingontothenextgoal.Forpreschoolers，goalsmightincludenotinterruptingornotfightingontheplayground.Forearlyelementaryschoolstudents，rightgoalsmightbefollowingbedtimerules.（3）C.Forchildrenofthesameage，therearestillsomedifferencesinthedevelopmentofself﹣controlabilities.Somegeneralstrategiesoftenhelpthemlearnrightself﹣controlbehaviors.•TakeabreakEncouragechildrentotakeabreakor"timein"whenevertheyfeeldown，annoyedorangry.Steppingawayfromanupsettingsituationcanhelpachildcalmdown.•（4）APayingattentionisaskillthatcanbetaught.Encouragechildrentoresistinterruptingbylearningtoobserveotherswithouttalking，sotheycanjoinineasily.Makesuretoprovidechildrenwithattentionattimessotheydon'tfeelignoredandthereforeareunlikelytointerrupt.•Useproperrewards（奖励）Inordertodeveloppositivebehaviors，childrenneedfrequentlypositivefeedback.Praiseandconsistentfeedbackcanbehighlyrewardingforyoungchildren.（5）E.A.TeachandprovideattentionB.TrysettingupsimplegoalsfirstC.However，it'snotenoughtosetupsimplegoalsD.AndtheycanrespondtosituationsinpositivewaysE.Itisimportanttoletachildknowwhatadesiredbehavioris【分析】短文主要讲述了自我控制能力对儿童在学校、社交和情感方面成功的重要性。自我控制从出生开始发展，并贯穿一生。文章强调了学习自我控制的好处，如帮助孩子做出正确决策和以积极的方式应对情况。此外，还提供了一些有效的策略来帮助儿童发展自我控制能力，如选择适合其发展阶段的任务、设定简单的目标、鼓励休息、教导注意力和提供适当的奖励。【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文Therefore，bylearningself﹣control，childrencanbenefitalot.Theycanmakerightdecisions.（因此，通过学习自我控制，孩子们可以受益匪浅。他们可以做出正确的决定。）可知说的是通过学习自我控制，孩子们可以受益匪浅，结合选项，应说他们能够以积极的方式应对各种情况。故答案为：D。（2）细节推理题。根据下文wheresuccessisexpected，beforemovingontothenextgoal.Forpreschoolers，goalsmightincludenotinterruptingornotfightingontheplayground.Forearlyelementaryschoolstudents，rightgoalsmightbefollowingbedtimerules.（在进入下一个目标之前，预期会成功。对于学龄前儿童来说，目标可能包括不打断或不在操场上打架。对于小学早期的学生来说，正确的目标可能是遵守睡前规则。）可知说的是目标，结合选项，应说试着先设定简单的目标。故答案为：B。（3）细节推理题。根据上文wheresuccessisexpected，beforemovingontothenextgoal.Forpreschoolers，goalsmightincludenotinterruptingornotfightingontheplayground.Forearlyelementaryschoolstudents，rightgoalsmightbefollowingbedtimerules.（在进入下一个目标之前，预期会成功。对于学龄前儿童来说，目标可能包括不打断或不在操场上打架。对于小学早期的学生来说，正确的目标可能是遵守睡前规则。）和下文Forchildrenofthesameage，therearestillsomedifferencesinthedevelopmentofself﹣controlabilities.Somegeneralstrategiesoftenhelpthemlearnrightself﹣controlbehaviors.（对于同龄儿童，自我控制能力的发展仍存在一些差异。一些一般策略通常可以帮助他们学习正确的自我控制行为。）可知说的是设立目标和对于同龄儿童，自我控制能力的发展仍存在一些差异，结合选项，应说然而，仅仅设定简单的目标是不够的。故答案为：C。（4）细节推理题。根据下文Payingattentionisaskillthatcanbetaught.Encouragechildrentoresistinterruptingbylearningtoobserveotherswithouttalking，sotheycanjoinineasily.Makesuretoprovidechildrenwithattentionattimessotheydon'tfeelignoredandthereforeareunlikelytointerrupt.（注意力是一种可以教的技能。鼓励孩子们学会不说话地观察别人，这样他们就可以很容易地加入进来，从而抵制打断。确保不时地关注孩子，这样他们就不会感到被忽视，因此不太可能打扰。）可知说的是关注孩子，结合选项，应说教导并给予关注。故答案为：A。（5）细节推理题。根据上文Inordertodeveloppositivebehaviors，childrenneedfrequentlypositivefeedback.Praiseandconsistentfeedbackcanbehighlyrewardingforyoungchildren.（为了培养积极的行为，孩子们经常需要积极的反馈。表扬和持续的反馈对幼儿来说是非常有益的。）可知说的是表扬和持续反馈，结合选项，应说让孩子知道想要的行为是什么很重要。故答案为：E。【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。第三部分语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。16．（15分）Ablindboysatonthestreetwithahatbyhisfeet.He（1）Basignwhichsaid："Iamblind，pleasehelpme."Therewereonlyafew（2）Cinthehat.Amanwalkedby.Heputafewcoinsintothehat.Hethentookthesign，turneditaround，and（3）Bsomewords.Heputthesignbacksothateveryonewhowalkedbycouldseethenewwords.Soonthehatbegantofillup.Thatafternoonthemanwhohadchangedthesigncameto（4）Ahowthingswere.Theboyrecognized（认出）his（5）Candasked，"Wereyoutheonewhomovedmysignthismorning？Whatdidyouwrite？"Themansaid，"Ionlywrotethetruth，Isaidwhatyousaidbutina（6）Away."Hiswordswere"Todayisabeautifulday，butIcannotseeit."Doyouthinkthefirstsignandthesecondsignsaidthesamething？Ofcourse，bothsignstoldpeopletheboywasblind.Butthefirstsignonlytoldpeopletoputsomemoneyinthe（7）C.Thesecondsigntoldpeoplethattheycouldenjoytheday，（8）Ctheboycouldnotenjoyit，becausehewasblind.Thefirstsign（9）Bsaidtheboywasblind.Thesecondsignreminded（提醒）peopletheywereluckierbecausetheywerenotblind.Thereareatleasttwolessonswecanlearnfromthissimplestory.Oneis：Bethankfulforwhatyouhave.Theotheris：Becreative.（10）Adifferently.Thereisalwaysabetterway.（1）A.showedupB.putupC.layedout（2）A.candiesB.clothesC.coins（3）A.cleanedB.wroteC.created（4）A.seeB.noticeC.discover（5）A.bodyB.faceC.footsteps（6）A.differentB.normalC.polite（7）A.boxB.pocketC.hat（8）A.andB.soC.but（9）A.wiselyB.simplyC.exactly（10）A.thinkB.hopeC.admire【分析】这个短文讲述了一个盲人男孩坐在街头，旁边放着一个帽子，上面写着"我是盲人，请帮助我"。起初，帽子里只有几枚硬币。一位男士经过时，不仅投了硬币，还改写了标语，使其更具感染力。改写后的标语是："今天是美好的一天，但我看不见。"这一改变使得路人纷纷慷慨解囊，帽子很快就满了。故事通过对比两种标语的效果，传达了感恩和创新的重要性。【解答】（1）考查动词短语辨析。句意：他举着一个牌子，上面写着："我是盲人，请帮帮我。"showedup出现；putup举起，张贴；layedout这个表达有误，正确形式是laidout（展示，安排）。这里指男孩举着牌子，putup符合语境，故选B。（2）考查名词词义辨析。句意：帽子里只有几枚硬币。candies糖果；clothes衣服；coins硬币。根据后文Heputafewcoinsintothehat.（他往帽子里放了几枚硬币。）可知，帽子里是硬币，故选C。（3）考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他拿起牌子，把它翻过来，写了一些字。cleaned打扫；wrote写；created创造。根据后文提到新的话"Todayisabeautifulday，butIcannotseeit."（今天天气很好，但我看不见它。）可知男人在牌子上写了字，故选B。（4）考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天下午，改牌子的男人来看看事情怎么样了。see看，查看；notice注意到；discover发现。这里指男人来查看情况，see更符合语境，故选A。（5）考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩听出了他的脚步声，问道："你是今天早上移动我牌子的人吗？你写了什么？"body身体；face脸；footsteps脚步声。因为男孩是盲人，所以通过脚步声认出男人，故选C。（6）考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男人说："我只是写出了事实，我说了你说的话，但用了不同的方式。"different不同的；normal正常的；polite礼貌的。根据前后两个牌子内容不同，可知用了不同的方式表达，故选A。（7）考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是第一个牌子只是告诉人们往帽子里放些钱。box盒子；pocket口袋；hat帽子。前文提到男孩脚边放着帽子，人们往帽子里放钱，故选C。（8）考查连词词义辨析。句意：第二个牌子告诉人们他们可以享受这一天，但男孩却不能享受，因为他是盲人。and和；so所以；