大题08语法填空(原卷版)

历年考情1.从文章选材来看1)体裁方面：主要以说明文和记叙文为主。这些文章语言地道、难度适中，贴近生活且具有一定的思想性和逻辑性。2)话题方面：涉及领域广泛，包括文化、自然、生活等。从题目类型来看1)有提示词类2)无提示词类命题规律1.动词相关40%时态、语态、非谓语动词（不定式/分词/动名词）、主谓一致2.词性转换25%形容词↔副词（ly）、动词↔名词（ment/tion）、名词↔形容词（ful/less）功能词3.25%冠词（a/an/the）、介词（固定搭配）、连词（并列/从属）、代词（关系代词/不定代词）4.其他10%名词单复数、所有格（’s）、比较级/最高级、固定句型（so...that...）考向预测重实用语法：强调动词时态、非谓语和词性转换的实际应用能力。中国元素融入：语篇常涉及传统文化、科技成就（如2023年全国1卷提及"teaculture"）。1/【新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Chineseculturalelementsmemorating(纪念)Xianzu,___36___isknownas“theShakespeareofAsia,”addaninternationalcharactertoShakespeare’shometown.andShakespearewerecontemporariesandbothdiedin1616.Althoughtheycouldneverhavemet,therearemon___37___(theme)intheirworks,saidPaulEdmondson,headofresearchfortheShakespeareBirthplace“Someofthethingsthatwaswritingabout___38___(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatplayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomeways___39___RomeoandJuliet.”AstatuememoratingShakespeareandwasputupatShakespeare’sBirthplaceGardenin2017.yearslater,asixmetertallpavilion,___40___(inspire)byThePeonyPavilion,___41___(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternational___42___(visible),saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazed___43___(find)theconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.___44___(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare’splayRichardIIIinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThePeonyPavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguage____45____seehowplaywasbeingperformed.”2/(1)有提示词的填空：有提示词的填空题要求使用括号内单词的正确形式填空，主要考查动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词，词性转换、，词形变化等。（2）无提示词的填空做无提示词类题时，首先分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词；然后根据句子意思或上下文逻辑关系确定具体填什么词。若句中缺主语，般是填人称代词主格代词作宾语作形式主语、形式宾语、构成强调句等限定词主代词、不定代词等)修饰，可能填限定词介词表语或动词宾语时，很可能填介词连词。连词或从句引导词句、名词性从句和状语从句)。副词很可能填then,thus,however,therefore,besides等情态动词或助动词示强调或倒装的助动词(do，does，did等)强调句：由"Itis...that/who"强调结构判断，填that或who倒装句：可能填构成倒装条件的only，so，neither，no3/固定句式never,hardly,seldom,notuntil,.had等，及therebe句型根据空格前后及端句来判空格的前后是否构成固定搭固定搭配配，但有时要对句中的儿个词”视而不见”才能填出答案，也就是把句中的几个词省略掉才能作出判断。【广东省深圳市高级中学学年高三上学期第三次诊断考试】sui,whichmeans“sugarwater”inCantonese,referstoChinesesweetsoupsordessertsenjoyedinsouthernChina.Overly36(sugar)asitmaysound,tongsuiisnosyrupbog(沼泽)butalightlysweetenedsoupcelebrated37itsnutrition—anextensionofthetraditionalChinesemedicinebeliefthatallfoodismedicinalandcanhelpbringyourbodyintobetterbalanceandhealth.suiismonlyavarietyofplicateddishes38featuremultipleingredientsasvariedaspapaya(木瓜)andbird’snest(燕窝),butitistheseacoconut,inparticular,thatrequiresamother’slovetomakeittothetable.First,fewmarketstalls(摊位)sellfreshfruit,asit39(sour)quicklyinthetropicalheat,sokeepingthefruitfreshhasalreadybeenenergyconsuming.Then,thefruit’sbrownshellhastobepainstakinglypeeledtorevealitsglistening,milkywhiteflesh.40(interesting),theseacoconutI’vebeentalkingaboutsofarisnottrueseacoconut,and41everyAsianrestaurantmenuandeverycannedfruitlabelclaimsisnottrue,either.Itisactuallythefruitofthetoddypalm(糖棕树).Thetrueseacoconutis42protectedspecies,anditsexportisstrictlycontrolled,witheachfruit43(bear)agovernmentissuedserialtag(序列标签).Once44(believe)togrowfromamythical(神话的)treeonthebottomofthesea,seacoconutshellsweredecoratedwithpricelessgems(宝石)byEuropean45(noble)inthe16thcentury.Passage（1）【河北省沧衡名校联盟学年高三下学期开学考试】Montreal’sChinatown,locatedinthedistrict,isahistoricandculturalhub(中心)that36(date)backtotheearly1890s.It’ssituated4/inanarea37(border)bySaintDominiqueStreettotheEast,RenéLévesqueBoulevardtotheNorth,StreettotheSouth,andJeanneManceStreettotheThisneighborhoodismarkedbyfancyPaifangGates,whicharethemostofanyChinatowninCanada.ChinatowninMontrealisnotonlyamercialcenter38alsoaplacewherethemunityestogetherforvariousfestivalsandevents.Itishome39Montreal’slargestChineseschool,aChinesehospital,andnumerousorganizationsthatcelebrateChineseculture.Theareahasmanaged40(preserve)itsheritagedespitefacingchallengessuchasrealestatedevelopments.Infact,in41(recognize)ofitshistoricalvalue,partsofMontreal’sChinatownweregrantedheritagestatusinJuly2023.Oneofthe42(remark)featuresofChinatownistheDr.SunClassicalChineseGarden,one43reflectstraditionalChinesearchitectureanddesign.It’sauniquespotamongtheurbanlandscapes,44aglimpseintoChinesegardeningartistry.Montreal’sChinatown45(witness)thecity’sculturaldiversityandthedevelopmentofitsChinesemunityoverthepastcenturies.Itstandsasahistoricsite,recognizedforitscontributiontotherichnessofMontreal’sculturalheritage.Passage（2）【湖北省武汉市第一中学学年高三上学期月联考】AsatraditionalChineseoperaform36(originate)in1906inZhejiang’sShengzhouCounty,Operaisrenownedforitsmelodioustunesand37(express)performances.And38otherChineseoperas,whichfrequentlyfeatureacrobaticsandmartialarts,operaemphasizessinging,39thevocalstyleisparticularlysuitedfortellinglovestories.Althoughtraditionallyfavoredbyoldergenerations,operarecently40(see)aresurgenceamongyoungChineseaftertheviralsuccessofonetheater’sadaptationofaclassic’90sactionmovie—NewDragonGateInn.41(plan)asanimmersiveperformance,in“NewDragonGateInn,”thetheateritselftransformsinto42“inn”,allowingtheaudiencetobeepartofthedrama.Andtheadoptionofsmalltheaterformats,enhancingboththeaudienceexperienceand43(accessible),hasalsoplayedacrucialroleinmakingthisartformresonatewithyoungeroperagoers.“44createsauniquespectaclefortheaudiencemaylieintheperfectincorporationoftraditionaloperavocalstylesandmodern45(cinema)elements”,saidthedirector.Passage（3）【华中师范大学第一附属中学学年高三下学期开学】OnDecember4th,2024,atrulythrilling5/milestone36(reach)asChina’sSpringFestivalwasinscribed(收录)onUNESCO’sRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity,markinga37(note)achievement.Thisachievement,withanimpressive44listingsthatoutnumberthoseofanyothernation,notjusthighlightsChina’sexceptionalcontributions,38solidifiesitsstandingasaleadingculturalforceontheglobalstage.39(root)inthelunarcalendarandcloselytiedtoagriculturalcycles,theSpringFestival,alsoknown40ChineseNewisabinationofChina’straditions,customs,arts,andculinarydelights.Morethan41joyouscelebration,itembodiesthetimelesscorevaluesofharmony,familyunity,andrespectforancestors.Thesedeeplyheld42(belief)influencethedailylivesoftheChinesepeople,makingtheSpringFestivalapowerfulsymbolofitsculturalidentity.UNESCO’srecognitionisatestamenttothefestival’slastingimportance,ensuringitspreservationforfuturegenerations.ItapplaudsChina’sunwaveringmitmenttosafeguardingitsintangibleheritageandhighlightsthenation’sresolve43(maintain)itsuniqueculturalappeal.Moreover,thishonorfostersglobalunityinsafeguardingour44(planet)diverseculturaltreasures,guaranteeingthatChina’svibranttraditionswillkeepinspiringpeopleacrosstheglobe.45(additional),itcelebratestheincrediblediversityofcultures,whichcontributestotherichnessandvitalityofourworld.Passage（4）【吉林省长春市实验中学20242025AnewperformanceinDunhuang,NorthwestChina’sGansuprovince,revivesthemusicalanddancescenes36(describe)inthemuralsoftheMogaoCavesand37animmersiveexperiencefortheaudience38(touch)thecharmoftheUNESCOHeritagesite.AncientSoundofDunhuangisbasedonresearchintotheancientmusicalinstrumentsandmusicscoresfeaturedeitheronthemurals39inancientmanuscriptsoftheLibraryCave,orCave17oftheMogaoCaves.theuseoftechnology,ittellsthestoryofanancientyoungman’s40(pursue)ofamusicalcareerandinvolvesinstrumentslikethefivestringedpipa,panpipeandlotusflowershapedruan,aswellasvariousdances,suchashuxuan,which41(originate)inCentralAsiaandwerepopularintheDynasty(618907).Byfollowingthefootstepsof42youngman,whowasstayingatDunhuangtoseekmusicalinspirationfromtheprofoundmuralart,theaudiencewalkthrough,standorsitwhile43(explore)the6/immersiveperformancespaces.Thevenueispartofahomonymous(同名的)culturaltourismindustryplex44binesimmersiveperformingartsaswellasculturaland45(create)productstopromotethetouristeconomy.Passage（5）【湖南师范大学附属中学学年高三下学期2月月考】Chinaisquicklybeingthefashioncapital.Thankstoyoungconsumersandsocialmedia,Chinaisnolongerlookingtotheforfashionideas,36isdevelopingitsownstyle.Thereiseven37uniquenameforit:ChinaChic.ChinaChicistheresultofyoungpeople'srenewedinterestinChinesecultureandthingsthatareguochao—brandsandproducts38haveatraditionalChineseflavor.AccordingtoNielsen,apanywhichfollowsconsumertrends,68percentofyoungChinesesaytheypreferbuying"MadeinChina"products39foreignmadeproducts.Thetrend40(gain)popularityoverthepastcoupleofyears,41(particular)amongthoseintheirlateteensandearly20s.Nostalgia(怀旧)ispartofthistrend,withproductssuchasWhiteRabbitcandyandBeeFlowerhaircareproducts42(bee)popularamongtheyoung,butnewerproductssuchasPerfectDiaryandPeaceBirdarenowoutsellingforeignbrands.Lastyear,domesticbrandsevenincreased43(sale)by2percent.MarketresearcherElijahWhaleysays,"ForeignbrandsusedtohaveanadvantageintheChinesemarketbyrepresentingalifestylethat44(assume)tobesuperior.ButChineseconsumersarenowmoreconfidentin45(they)domesticallycraftedChinastyle."Theunderlyingmessagehere:it'scooltobeChinese.Passage（6）【江西省赣州市赣抚吉十五校联考学年高三上学期月月考】ChinesecalligraphyisanartisticpracticeofwritingChinesecharacters,oftenwithabrushandinkonxuanpaper.TheevolutionofChinesecalligraphybeganalongsidetheearliestChinesecharacters36(discover)todateinscriptions(铭文)onbonesfromtheShangDynastyinAnyang,Henanprovince.Later,calligraphygradually37(take)shapeasaformofartratherthanameremeansofrecord.Thefivemajorstylesofscript,running,cursive,official,sealandregular,38(bear)fromsuchcalligraphy.Chinesecalligraphyisademandingand39(advance)art,whichturnsChinesecharactersintoimagesthroughpressureandspeedvariationsofthepointedChinesebrush.Itissaidthattheemotionsandphilosophyofthewriterare40(direct)reflectedoncalligraphy.LanXu(TheOrchidPavilion7/Preface),41wascreatedbyXizhiduringtheEasternJinDynasty,isoneofthemostfamous42(work)ofChinesecalligraphy.Itseleganceandexpressivebrushworkmadeitofbothhistoricalandcultural43(significant)inChineseliterature.Calligraphyisalso44reach.Itisseenonthewallsofoffices,shops,hotels,andhouseseverywhere.45thereisChineselanguage,thereisChinesecalligraphy.TheartofChinesecalligraphyisstillhighlyvaluedtoday,foritismorethanjustwriting,itisalivingheritage.Passage（7）【江西省九江市十校联考学年高三下学期2月月考】Giantpandasareblackandwhitebears.Inthewild,they36(find)inthickbambooforests,highupinthemountainsofSichuan,ShaanxiandGansu.Pandasareomnivores(杂食动物).Butwhilethey37(occasional)eatsmallanimalsandfish,bamboo38(account)for99percentoftheirdiet.Pandasarebigeaters—everydaytheyfilltheirstomachforupto12hours,39(shift)upto12kilogramsofbamboo.Giantpandasgrowtobetween1.2mand1.5m,andweighbetween75kgand135kg.Scientistsaren’tsurehowlongpandasliveinthewild,butincaptivity(圈养)theylive40(be)around30yearsold.Femalepandasgivebirthtooneortwobabypandaseverytwoyears.Babiesstaywiththeirmotherfor18monthsbeforeventuring41theirown!Babypandasarebornpinkandmeasureabout15cm—that’saboutthesizeofapencil!Theyarealsobornblindandonlyopentheireyessixtoeightweeksafterbirth.Unlikemostotherbears,pandasdonothibernate(冬眠).Whenwinteres,theyheadlowerdowntheirmountainhomestowarmertemperatures,42theycontinuetoeatthebamboo.Excitingly,protection43(effort)meanthatthenumberofgiantpandasinthewildisincreasing.44there’sstilllotsofworktobedone,thespeciesisnolongerconsidered45(endanger).Passage（8）【福建省泉州市四校联考学年高三下学期开学】FanJinshi,anarchaeologistfromBeijingUniversity,firstvisitedtheMogaocavesasanundergraduatestudentin1962.36thecaves’conditionswere,Fanwasdeterminedtostudynationalculturalheritage(遗产)andstayedtopursueherdream.Overtime,Fan’smitmenttopreservingnationalculturalheritagegrew37(strong).ShejoinedthemunistPartyofChinain1974andbecameevenmoredeterminedtoprotecttheMogaocaveswhenthey8/wereofficiallyopentotouristsin1979.38(face)withthechallengeofbalancingconservationandtourism,Fanfounditimportanttofindasolution.She39(convince)thatthecaves’socialimportancefaroutweighedtheireconomicpotentialandthatscientificprotectionwasthekeytotheir40(survive).Inthelate1980s,Fancameupwith41innovativeplantodigitizetheMogaocaves,permanentlypreservingthemurals(壁画),paintedcultures,andhistoricaldata.In2016,DigitalDunhuangwaslaunchedonline,42(allow)peopleworldwidetoenjoyprehensiveimagesofthecaves.43hereighties,FanJinshiisworkinghard,44(tireless)devotedtoconservingandmanagingthecaves.Shehopesthatyoungpeoplewillcarryonthe“MogaoSpirit”andbuildabetterDunhuangAcademy,45shespentherlifetime.Passage（1）【新课标Ⅰ卷】HeatherwickStudiorecentlybuiltagreenhouseattheedgeoftheNationalGardens.Thisbeautifulstructure,namedGlasshouse,isatthecentreofanewgardenthatshowshowtheSilkRoadinfluencesEnglishgardenseveninmoderntimes.Thelatest____56____(engineer)techniquesareappliedtocreatethisprotective____57____(function)structurethatisalsobeautiful.Thedesignfeaturestensteel“sepals(萼片)”madeofglassandaluminium(铝).Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays____58____(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.Incoldweather,thestructurestays____59____(close)toprotecttheplants.Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse____60____(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor____61____firsttime.Theseplantsincludedmodern____62____(favourite)suchasrosemary,lavenderandfennel.ThegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.Thepathover300plantspeciesforvisitorstosee,too.TheGlasshousestands____63____agreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute____64____broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatoetodefinemuchofthe_____65_____(rich)ofgardeninginEngland.Passage（2）9/【全国甲卷】Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevelthenationalparks,inparticular,tend____41____（catch）ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.Theyare____42____（treasure）ofAmericanheritage（遗产）.Howdidthenationalparksystemeabout?Onacool,starrynightinmidSeptember1870,fourmenrelaxedbeforeacampfirealongtheFireholeRiverin____43____isnownorthwesternThey____44____（be）partofa15memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.Whatshould____45____（do）withsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.Thisarea,with____46____（it）uniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreserved____47____allpeopleofthenationtoenjoy—asanationalpark.Theyallagreedandvowed（承诺）topromotetheideaatthe____48____（plete）oftheirjourney.Theirpromotionalworkpaidyearslater,18yearsbeforebecameastate,becamethefirstnationalparkintheUnitedStatesandtheworld.wasthe____49____（large）UnitedStatesnationalpark—2.2millionacres—untilEliasinsouthernAlaska,_____50_____becameanationalmonumentin1978,tookthehonorsasanationalparkin1980with12.3millionacres.Passage（3）【北京卷】Slowingdowncancontributesignificantlytopersonalgrowth.thetime(rest)allowsustodevelopadeepersenseof___12___(selfaware).Whenweslowdown,wecreatespacetoreflectonourthoughtsandemotions,whichhelpsusidentifyimportantareasofourlivesand___13___(give)ustheopportunitytomakerightchoices.practisethis,weneedtoestablishclear___14___(boundary)inourpersonalandprofessionallife.Passage（4）【北京卷】OnApril5,2024,John___15___(name)theworld’soldestlivingman.Andwhen___16___(ask)abouthisnewtitle,hesharedthesecret:moderation(适度).___17___doesn’tsmokeandrarelydrinks,creditedmoderationforhelpinghimstayhealthyduringhislonglife.“Ifyoueattoomuchordotoomuchofanything,you’regoingtoeventually,”hesaid.Passage（5）【浙江1月卷】Theshelvesinmostsupermarketsarefulloffamilysizethisandmultibuythat.However,ifyou’reshoppingforone,buyingextra____36____(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn’tmakesense.Eitheryourshoppingisthentooheavytocarryhome____37____youcan’tusewhatyou’veboughtwhileit’sstillfresh./Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities—theypricegoodsintheway____38____willmakethemthemostmoney.Ifmostoftheircustomersarehappytobuylargerquantities,that’s____39____they’llpromote.Butthatleavesthesolo(单独)customersoutofpocketanddisappointed.Manysupermarketsarenolongerdoing“buyonegetone