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2023年大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)C类决赛真题试卷PartⅡVocabularyandStructure31.Thepresident'seducationspeechescontained______thetongueleadingtopublicconfusionovereducationpolicy.A.aslideofB.aslipofC.askipofD.aglideof32.Theword"right",inmostlanguages,isusuallyconnected______themeaningof"correct",whereasthewordsassociate______"left",generallyhavenegativemeanings.A.to:withB.with:toC.to:toD.with:with33.Gaspricesrose4%inApril,a______risebutthesmallestsinceJanuary.A.MightyB.SevereC.SteepD.massive34.Itseemsaverysimplethingtotellthetruth,butbeyondallquestion,thereisnothing______lying.A.halfsoeasyasB.sohalfeasyasC.halfeasyasD.soeasyashalf35.______untilrecently,peoplewhoareleft-handedhavebeenconsideredabnormal.A.UpB.UnlessC.DownD.Not36.Sorryabouttheloss.Butit'llgiveyousomereliefifyourhouseis______againstfire.A.AssuredB.EnsuredC.InsuredD.pledged37.When______inadownpourwithoutanumbrellaoraraincoat,mostpeoplewouldpickuptheirpace.A.SunkB.CaughtC.PlungedD.grabbed38.In1993,V.S.NaipaulwasawardedtheDavidCohenBritishLiteraturePrizein______ofhislifetime'sachievement.A.IdentificationB.AcquaintanceC.RecognitionD.perspective39.Manylinguists______thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesuswithinnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlowerorganisms.A.SuggestB.ClaimC.PromiseD.convince40.I'minaslightly______positioninthatheisnotarrivinguntil12:00whichis3hourslate.A.TightB.WeirdC.AwesomeD.awkward41.Tactlessshemaybe,butungrateful______thinkher.A.shouldnotyouB.shouldyounotC.notshouldyouD.youshouldnot42.Morethan30peoplediedinthetrainaccident,mostof______children.A.WhichB.ThemC.WhomD.that43.Headmitsthathisteamreally______himtoplayaroleofresponsibility.A.lookforwardtoB.lookdownonC.lookuptoD.lookon44.—Doyouknowthestudentshavebeenprotestingagainsttheincreasedtuition?—I'veheardaboutttest,but______A.I'vejoinedinittosupportthestudents.B.Idon'tseeanygooditwilldo.C.Idoknowthereasonforit.D.Ithinkit'llbeagreatsuccess.45.—Ihearyou'reajournalistnow,Paul.Thatmustbeexciting.—______mostofthetime.Butlikealljobs,ithasitsdisadvantages.A.It'sboringB.It'sapieceofcakeC.IthasdrawbacksD.It'sabuzzPartⅢClozeThereisaphenomenonthatsociologistscallreferenceanxiety—or,morepopularly,keepingupwiththe【C1】Jo______.Accordingtothatthinking,mostpeoplejudgetheirpossessionsparisonwithothers'.Peopletendnottoaskthemselves,"Doesmyhousemeetmyneeds?"【C2】Ins______theyask,"Ismyhousenicerthanmyneighbor's?"Ifyourtwo-bedroomhouseissurroundedbythree-andfour-bedroomhouses,withsome【C3】ar______thecornerdoingatear-downtobuildaMcMansion,yourreferenceanxietymayrise.Suddenlythattwo-bedroomhouse—onethatyourgrandparentsmighthaveconsideredquitenice,evenluxurious—doesn'tseemenough.Andsothemoneyyouspentonitstops【C4】______(provide)youwithasenseofwell-being.Americans'soaringreferenceanxietyisaproductofthewideninggapinincome【C5】______(distribute).Inotherwords,thericharegettingricherfaster,andtherestofthepopulationarenonetoohappyaboutit.DuringmuchoftheU.S.history,the【C6】______(major)livedinsmalltownsorurbanareaswhereconditionsformostpeoplewereapproximatelythesame-hence,low【C7】______anxiety.Also,mostpeopleknewrelativelylittleaboutthosewhowerelivinghigheronthehog.Butinthepastfew【C8】de______,neweconomicforceshavechangedallthat.Rapidgrowthinincomeforthetop5percentofhouseholdshasbrought【C9】ab______asubstantialcohortofpeoplewholivenotablybetterthanthemiddleclassdoes,amplifyingourreferenceanxiety.Thatwealthierminorityisoccupyingever-largerhomesandspendingmoreoneachchangeofclotheswhenthemiddleisdoingO.K.Innationswith【C10】h______levelsofincomeequalityliketheScandinaviancountries,well-beingtendstobehigherthaninnationswithunequalwealthdistributionsuchastheUnitedStates.PartⅣReadingComperhensionSectionASeveralresearchgroupsintheUnitedStatesareconductinggeneticresearchaimedatretardingaging.Ifthebreakthroughsofrecentyearsareanythingtogoby,itislikelythatwewillseeseveral-foldlongevityincreasesinmicewithinthenextdecadeorso.Alreadysuchgeneticmanipulationhasincreasedbyalmost50%thelifespanofflies.Resultsarealsopromisinginmammals:scientistshaveextendedlongevityinmiceby50%throughgeneticinterventions.Achievingsimilarresultsinhumanswillbeharder.Scientistshavealreadyidentifiedgenesthatappeartoacceleratehumanaging,buttheyhaveyettofindgeneswiththeoppositeeffect.Butwiththesequencingofthehumangenome,wearenowinabetterpositiontofindoutmoreaboutaginginhumansaswellasanimals.Forthosewhocannotwait,thereisonemethodavailabletodaythatmightdelayhumanaging,caloricrestriction.Thismeanssimplyadietwithfewcalories.Experimentshaveshownlongevityincreasesofmorethan50%incertainmammalsthatfollowsuchdiets.Mostpeople,however,feelthatthesecondaryeffectsofthisoutweighthebenefits.Afterall,whatisthepointoflivinglongerifyoucannotenjoylife?Ifscienceistoextendhumanlongevity,itwillhavetodosobyextendingthedurationofhumanlifeinage-relateddisability.Theextrayearsoflifemustallowfuturegrandparentstoenjoylife,notjustlive.Althoughsomescientistsarguethatagingwillneverbecuredandourgrandparentswillcontinuetofitourstereotypes,manyothersremainconfidentthatwewillsoonlearnhowtomodulatethehumanagingprocess."Ibelieveourgenerationisthefirsttobeabletomapapossibleroutetoindividualimmortality,"saysWilliamHaseltine,CEOofHumanGenomeSciencesInc.inRockville,Maryland.Ifatherapycouldslowhumanagingby50%,forinstance,wecouldhave30or40moreyearsoflife.Inthattime,newdiscoveriescouldbemadethatwouldallowustoliveevenlonger,andthecyclecouldcontinueuntilacureforagingisdiscovered."It'spossiblethatsomepeoplea-livenowmaystillbealive400yearsfromnow,"claimsgerontologistS.MichalJazwinskiofLouisianaStateofUniversityHealthSciencesCenter.Butwhatwouldbeconsequencesofextendinghumanlongevityorfindingarealcureforaging?Researchershaveachievedsuccessin【A1】______theagingofflies.Butsimilarresultsinhumansarenotencouraging.Otherthanfindinggenesthatslowdownhumanaging,scientistshaveidentifiedgenesthatappearto【A2】______it.However,theremightbeonewayofdelayingaging,i.e.caloric【A3】______whichmeansfollowingcertaindietswithfewcalories.Meanwhile,itisnecessarytothinkaboutthesignificanceoflivinglongerandhowto【A4】______theagingprocess.Someoptimisticpeoplebelievethatitispossibletoextendhumanlongevitywhileothersarequiteconcernedaboutthe【A5】______ofit.SectionBNomatterhowcarefullyyouplanatripwithafriend,orfamilymember,therewillprobablybeconflictsalongtheway.Evenafterthedates,destination,andlengthofthetriparedecided,there'sstillthechancethatproblemscouldhappenonthetrip.Hereareafewtipstohelpyousolveproblemsthatmaycomeupbetweenyouandyourtravelcompanion:Planthetriptogether:Sometimesonepersontakestheleadandplansthetriptofithisorherinterests.Planningtogetherallowsforamorediverseandbalancedvacation.Somepeoplewanttowalk:somepeoplewouldratherusepublictransportation.Soit'simportanttofindouthowcompatibleyouareintermsofeverythingconcerned.Findoutaboutlifestyle:Differencesinlifestylecanbechallengingiftheyhaven'tbeendiscussedinadvance.There'snothingworsethanbeingintheroomandawakeat6:00a.m.whenyourcompanionwantstosleepuntilnoon.Sleeppatternscanbeverydisruptivetopeoplethatdon'thavethesamepattern.Thesamecanbesaidfordietaryandotherrestrictions.Knowingthosedifferencesinadvancehelpspeopleadapttoeachothermorequickly.Beawareofcopingstrategies:Askquestionsanduseyourunderstandingofyourcompanion'scopingstrategies—howtheymayrespondtostressfulsituations.Youcanaskyocompanionabouthis/herbestandworsttrips.Whathappened?Howdidthatpersonrespond?Knowingalittleabouthowyourcompaniondealswithdifficultsituationscanbehelpful.Compromise:Trytocompromiseinordertohaveagoodtime.Agreetodisagree.Doyoureallywanttouseyourenergyfeelingangeronyourvacationwhenyoushouldberelaxingandenjoyingit?Bjournalsforyourselfandpartners.Writinginjournalscanbeawaytoreflectonthetriptorelievesomeofthefrustrationthatmaycomeup.Takeabreak:Splitupwhentensionsarehighandyourinterestsaredifferent.Besuretosetatimeandmeetingplaceandhaveabackupmeetingsetincaseofanunforeseendelay.Peopletendtofeelliketheyhavetosticktogetherwhentheyaretogetheronatrip.Butanybodywithsomeone24hoursadayneedsabreakfromtheotherperson.61.Thispassageaimstohelptravelerssolveproblemsbetweenthemandtheirtravelpartners.A.TUREB.FALSE62.Lifestyledifferencescancausetravelproblemsbecauseallpeopleenjoysleepingtillnoonwhenonvacation.A.TUREB.FALSE63.Eventhoughyourtravelinterestsaredifferent,youmustalwaysstaytogetherwithyourtravelpartners.A.TUREB.FALSE64.Whydopeoplehavetoasktheirtravelcompanionabouthis/herbestandworsttrips?65.Whichwaymighthelprelievethefrustrationthatmaycomeup?SectionCKnowingthatMrs.Mallardwasafflictedwithahearttrouble,greatcarewastakentobreaktoherasgentlyaspossiblethenewsofherhusband'sdeath.Shedidnothearthestoryasmanywomenhaveheardthesame,withaparalyzedinabilitytoacceptitssignificance.Sheweptatonce,withsudden,wildabandonment,inhersister'sarms.Whenthestormofgriefhadpassedshewentawaytoherroomalone.Sherefusedtohaveanyonefollowher.Therestood,facingtheopenwindow,acomfortable,roomyarmchair.Intothisshesank,presseddownbyaphysicalexhaustionthatfilledherbodyandseemedtoreachintohersoul.Shesatwithherheadthrownbackuponthecushionofthechair,quitemotionless,exceptwhenasobcameupintoherthroatandshookher,asachildwhohascrieditselftosleepcontinuestosobinitsdreams.Shewasyoung,withafair,calmface,whoselinesindicatedrepressionandevenacertainstrength.Butnowtherewasadullstareinhereyes,whosegazewasfixedawayoffinthedistanceonapatchofbluesky.Itwasnotaglanceofreflection,butratherindicatedasuspensionofintelligentthought.Therewassomethingcomingtoherandshewaswaitingforit,fearfully.Whatwasit?Shedidnotknow:itwastoosubtleandelusivetoname.Butshefeltit,creepingoutofthesky,reachingtowardherthroughthewounds,thescents,thecolorthatfilledtheair.Nowherbosomroseandfellwithexcitement.Shewasbeginningtorecognizethisthingthatwasapproachingtopossessher,andshewasstrugglingtobeatitbackwithherwill,aspowerlessashertwowhiteslenderhandswouldhavebeen.Whensheabandonedherselfalittlewhisperedwordescapedherslightlypartedlips.Shesaiditoverandoverunderherbreath,"free,free,free!"Theemptystareandthelookofterrorthathadfolloweditwentfromhereyes.Theystayedsharpandbright.Herpulsesbeatfast,andthecoursingbloodwarmedandrelaxedeveryinchofherbody.Shedidnotstoptoaskifitwereorwerenotamonstrousjoythatheldher.Aclearandexaltedperceptionenabledhertodismissthesuggestionasoflittleimportance.Sheknewthatshewouldweepagainwhenshesawthekind,tenderhandsfoldedindeath:thefacethathadneverlookedexceptwithloveuponher,fixedandgrayanddead.Butshesawbeyondthatbittermomentalongprocessionofyearstocomethatwouldbelongtoherabsolutely.Andsheopenedandspreadherarmsouttotheminwelcome.66.Mostwomenwereshockedintoa______onhearingthenewsoftheirhusbands'death,butMrs.Mallardwasnot.67.Whenreturningtoherroom,Mrs.Mallardwaspresseddownby______bothphysicallyandmentally.68.Mrs.Mallard'sdullstareindicateda______ofdeepthinkingratherthanasignofcontemplation.69.WhatwasMrs.Mallard'sfirstreactiononhearingherhusband'sdeath?A.Shepulledherselftogetherwiththehelpofhersister.B.Shestayedinherroomandrefusedtomeetanyone.C.Sheabandonedherselfintogriefforawhile.D.Shecouldn'tstopweepingandcrying.70.HowdidMrs.Mallardfeeltowardsherhusband'sdeathattheend?A.Bitterbutrelieved.B.Fearfulbutrelaxed.C.Dullanddesperate.D.Calmandsuspicious.SectionDNoCreaturescanstrideashumanbeings.Theyarenotphysicallydesignedtosupportandbalanceaverticalbodybalancedontwolonglowerlimbs,propelledforwardbyafootengineeredexclusivelyforbodysupportandforwardpropulsionandtodosowithastrideathigh-speedlocomotion.Whileotherbipedswalkinasimilarfashion,humanwalkisunique.Bipedalismbyitselfoffersnocomparisonwiththedistinctivehumangaitform.And,significantly,nootherbipedcanactuallycovermorethanatinyfractionofthewalkingdistancethatcanbesustainedbyhumans.Stridingrequiresaspecialdesignofhip,knee,andanklejoints,plusanarchedfoot,pluslonglower-limbbones.These"finishingtouches"demandedextendedevolutionarytime.Stridingprovidednumerousadvantagesoverthesimplesteppinggait.Forexample,theabilitytocovertwicethedistancewiththesamenumberofstepsisadefinitesurvivaladvantage.Italsoaddedmuchspeedtorunning,moreheighttojumping.Noneofthiswouldhavebeenpossiblewithout,first,afootequippedtosupportandbalanceanerectbodyandtoproducetheleveragenecessarytopropelthebodyforwardinlocomotion.Theapefootwasnotsuitedforthis.Anewkindoffootwasessentialifthosehominidsweretobecomefull-scalebipeds.Indeedapairofhumanfeethasone-fourthofallthebody's206bonesand244joints.Whythisextraordinarynumberofbonesandjointsconcentratedinsuchasmallpartofthebody?(74)Becausetheintricatenetworkofthemanydifferentpartsrequirednotonlyforsupportingandbalancingaheavysuperstructurebuttoenablethemultiplemotionsandactions,hundredsorthousandsoftimesdaily.Nootherpartofthebodycomesevenclosetotheamountanddegreeofstressesimposedonit.Thehumanfoothadtogothroughanextensiveevolutionarydevelopmentinwhichitunderwentenormousdesignchangesincoheringits28bones,37jointsand107ligaments,and32musclesandtendonstoadapttothebodyweightandnumeroustorsions.(75)Infact,itprobablywasn'tuntilonlyabout400,000yearsagothatearlyhumanswerefullystriding,thefinaltouchofhumangait.OrthopedistPhilipJ.MayerwritesintheOrthopedicReview:"Thedevelopmentofatruestrideonanorthopedicfootwasthemostcrucialofallthestepsofhumanevolution."Naturehadperhapsneverundertakenananatomicalengineeringprojectofsuchcomplexity.71.Whatisthedifferencebetweenhumansandotherbipedsregardingwalkingdistance?72.Whyisthehumanfootequippedthewayitis?73.Whatkindofevolutionhasthehumanfootundergone?74.Becausetheintricatenetworkofthemanydifferentpartsisrequirednotonlyforsupportingandbalancingaheavysuperstructurebuttoenablethemultiplemotionsandactions,hundredsorthousandsoftimesdaily.75.Infact,itprobablywasn'tuntilonlyabout400,000yearsagothatearlyhumanswerefullystriding,thefinaltouchofhumangait.ErrorCorrectionPyramidCityisanevenmoreambitiousprojecttosolveTokyo'shousingproblem.A1,000-metretallpyramid,12timeshigherthantheGreatPyramidofGizainEgypt,wouldcontain55smallerpyramids,eachofthem【M1】______wouldbethesizeoftheGizaoriginal.Ifitisbuilt,thepyramidwillconsistinaseriesofskyscraperssuspendedfromtheinsideofthestructure,【M2】______thepyramidwillbe80storeyhigh,withparklandin-betweentheskyscrap-【M3】______ere.Threequartersofamillionofpeoplewilllivethere.Theskyscraperswill【M4】______belinkedbyseriesofhollowtubescontainingahigh-speedtransportsystem.【M5】______Partsoftheconstruction,includemorethan150kilometersoftunnels,willbe【M6】______builtbyspiderrobots,andpowerwillbeprovidedbywavesandwind.AmablemisthatJapanissituatingontheseismic"ringoffire"—【M7】______anareaofvolcanicactivitywherestretchesaroundthePacificOcean.【M8】______PyramidCitywillhavetowithstandearthquakes,tsunamisandunderwater【M9】______volcaniceruptions
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