Unit 10 课时1 Section A（1a-2d）学案-2022-2023学年人教版八年级英语下册学习讲义

Unit10I'vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.

课时1SectionA(la-2d)

Learningaims:

1.Tolearntotalkaboutpossessionsandthingsaroundyou.

2.Tolistenforspecificinformation.

3.Tolearnnewwords:yard,sweet,memory,cent,toy,bear,maker,scarf,soft,check,board,...

重点词汇和短语

1.n,院子

2.n.记忆；回忆

3.分；分币

4.adj.甜蜜的；甜的

5.n.玩具

6.n.熊

7.n.生产者

8.v.检查；审查

9.adj.软的；柔软的

10.察看；观察

11.至于；关于

12.老实说，说实在的

13.不再

14.棋类游戏

.....

合作探究

L-Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?用B边的用R辆自行车你买了多长时间了？

一Fvehaditforthreeyears!我买了它三年了！

(1)howlong”多久；多长时间”，常对时间段提问。此外，howlong还可提问物体长度，意为“多长”。

【易混辨析】howlong/howsoon/howoften/howfar

howlong多久；多长时间常对时间段提问常用“for+一段时间”或“since+时间

点”“since+时间段+ago”来回答

howsoon多久以后对“in+时间段”提其答语常用“in+时间段”

问，常用于一般将

来时态的句子中

howoften多久一次对频率提问其答语常用“once(twice/…)+时间段”,

always,often等频度副词

howfar多远对距离提问其答语是表距离的内容

由一Howlongdidyoustayhere?你在这里待了多久。

一Fortwohours.两小时。

■HowfarshouldIthrowtheball?我该把这球扔多远呢？

斯一Howoftendoyouplaythepiano?你多久弹——次钢琴？

一Onceaday.每天一次。

斯一Howsoonwillyoubeready?你过多久才能准备好？

一rilbereadyinfiveminutes.5分钟后我可以准备好。

例：-haveyoulivedinLanzhou?

一Sincemyparentsfoundjobshere.

A.HowlongB.Howfar

C.HowsoonD.Howold

(2)本句中havehad相当于havebought,buy是非延续性动词,不可以接一段时间。若buy接一段时间要换

为延续性动词have。类似的有:borrow一keep,come/go/reach/arrive一bein/at,start/begin一beon,leave

一beawayfrom等。

诙Ihaveboughtawatch.我已经买了一块手表。

诙Ihavehadthewatchfortwoweeks.这块手表我买了两周了。

诙Shehaskeptthebookforthreedays.这本书她借了三天了。

底Thefilmhasbeenonforanhour.电影已经开始一个小时了。

2.Jeff为familyishavingayardsale.杰夫一家在举行庭院拍卖会。

(1)family意为“家,家庭;家庭成员”，如将其看作整体，用作集体名词，应按单数名词对待，作主语时，其后的谓

语动词用单数形式;如果指家庭成员，则按复数名词看待，作主语时，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。

■Myfamilyislarge.我的家很大。

诙MyfamilyareallwatchingTV.我的家人都在看电视。

(2)sale用作名词,意为“出售，销售“，常与介词on或for连用，构成短语：onsale“减价出售”;forsale”待

售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。

■Chickensareonsaleinthemarket.小鸡在市场上出售。

的Fmsorry;it'snotforsale.抱歉，它不是卖的。

例：一DoyouhaveJay*sCDs?

一Sorry,Theyare，butIwillgetsomemorenextweekbecausethey.

A.onsale;aresoldwellB.soldout;sellwell

C.soldout;aresoldwellD.onsale;sellwell

3.Youcanalsogiveoldthingsawaytopeopleinneed.你还可以把旧东西捐赠给需要的人们。

inneed"需要；在困难中”，在句中可以作后置定语或表语，其中need为不可数名词。

诙Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情。

【知识拓展】

beinneedof意为“需要...

的I'llcomewhenyouareinneedofhelp.

在你需要帮助的时候我会来的。

例：riltrymybesttohelpthepeople.

A.inneedB.withneedC.inhelpD.withhelp

4.BecauseIdon'treaditanymore.因为我不再看它了。

not...anymore不再...,anymore可分为anymore。not...anymore的同义词组是nomore,nomore强调数

量或程度。

诙Iwon'tgotohishouseanymore/anymore.

我再也不到他家去了。

Mwillgototheseasidenomore.

=Iwon'tgototheseasideanymore.

我不会再去海边了。

【知识拓展】

no10nger/not...anylonger意为“不再...”，表示时间或距离的不再延长，常含有今昔对比之

意，比较正式，常用于一般现在时和过去时。

防Youarenolongerachild.

=Youarenotachildanylonger.

你再不是个小孩子了。

例：IpromiseIwon'tmakesuchmistakes.

A.nomoreB.moreC.anylongerD.nolonger

5・I'vehadthismagazineforacoupleofmonths.这本杂志我买了几个月了。

acoupleof可以表示具体的数量“两个”，指两个人或物体;也可以表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用

法时，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定。

的Youhavetowaitforacoupleofhoursfortheclothestodrycompletely.

你得等上一两个小时让这些衣服完全晾干。

6.Thestoriesinsidemaybeabitold….里面的故事可能有点旧...

abit意为“一点儿，稍微”，修饰形容词或副词,相当于alittleoabitof后接不可数名词，alittle直接接不可数名

词。

斯Thereisabitof/alittlewaterinthebottle.瓶子里有点儿水。

【拓展】

notabit相当于notatall,意为“一点也不"；notalittle相当于very,意为"非常

日Sheisnotabithappy.她一点儿也不快乐。

喑5Heisnotalittletired.

=Heisverytired.他非常累。

例：Thereiswaterintheglass,butifscold.You'dbetternotdrinkit.

A.abit;abitB.abitof;abitC.alittle;alittleofD.alittleof;alittle

7.Andcheckoutthesesefttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids.察看一下这些给小孩子们玩的布绒玩具

和棋类游戏吧。

checkout为“动词+副词”结构的短语，意为“察看；观察”。

MZheckoutallthebooksforchildren.察看一下所有的儿童书籍。

【知识拓展】

(1)check用作动词，意为“检查，审查”。

防Ifyoufinishit,checkitbyyourselffirst.

如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。

(2)check作名词，意为“支票，账单”。

防Hewrotemeacheck.他给我开了一张支票。

区!]：IwillmeetJaneatthestation.Pleasewhattimeshewillarrive.

A.countB.chooseC.checkD.catch

一、单项选择

1.Peterlikesreadinganewspaperheishavingbreakfast.

A.untilB.whileC.sothatD.though

2.一Howlonghaveyouthedictionary?

-Fortwoweeks.

A.hadB.boughtC.borrowedD.got

3.一Whatdoyouthinkoftheirmarriage?

-,ifIwereKate,Iwouldn,tmarryhim.

A.GenerallyspeakingB.IhavenoideaC.TobehonestD.Tomysurprise

4.一DoyouknowLydiaverywell?

一Yes.SheandIfriendssincewewereveryyoung.

A.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturned

5.-Excuseme,whenwillthetrainK307arrive?

一Waitaminute,please.Tilitforyou.

A.keepB.lookC.checkD.read

二、用所给单词适当形式填空

6.一HowlongTony(have)afever?

一Sincethreedaysago.

7.Hispetdog(die)fortwodays.

8.He(keep)thebooksincetwodaysago.

9.Mr.Green(teach)usalotaboutsocialstudiessinceSeptember.

10.Hismotherhaskeptabread(make)foraweek.

三、完形填空

MydaughterMaryisseven.Shehashadallkindsofsofttoyssinceshewasa(n)11.Sheplays

withthetoysalmosteveryday.

Maryhadabadhabit.Sheoftenlefthertoys12.Thisgavememuchtroubleinpickingthemupand

puttingthemintheir13places.

Oneday,MaryandIwentoutintoourgardento14anhourinthefreshair.Itookmyworkwithme.

MaryranaboutandplayedwithDash,herpetdog,andwashaving15.

Then,inacornerofthegarden,Marysawherfavoritetoybear,dirtyand16.SheknewthatDash

didthis.Shegotangryandshowedthetoybeartome.

Iasked,"Youleftthetoybearoutsideinthegardenlasttime,right?^^

Maryhadtoanswer,a6Yes,

“Soyoushouldn'tblame(责备)thedog.Ihopethiswillteachyoua17.Thatis,always

18yourtoyswhenyouhavefinishedplayingwiththem.^^

“Iwilltry19best,^^saidMary.t6OK,thenI'llmend(修补)thetoybearas20asIcan.^^

Hearingthis,Marysmiledwidely.

11.A.babyB.teenagerC.adultD.keeper

12.A.anywhereB.everywhereC.somewhereD.nowhere

13.A.wideB.highC.rightD.small

14.A.spendB.makeC.costD.lend

15.A.testB.riskC.dinnerD.fun

16.A.magicB.brokenC.brightD.sick

17.A.truthB.recordC.lessonD.mark

18.A.giveupB.checkoutC.fixupD.putaway

19.A.hisB.myC.herD.your

20.A.wellB.loudlyC・muchD・simply

四、阅读理解

A

Afewweeksago,myfriendhadayardsale.Ithoughtitwouldhelptocleanmy9-year-oldson'sroom.We

agreedthatwhateverwesoldintoyswouldbehismoney.

Thenightbeforethesale,weputtoysonthetruckaswellasalittlebikethatwastooshortformysonnow.

Thislittlebikehadatleast2ownersbeforeitcametomyson.Itwasnotinthebestshapeanditcertainlywasnot

shinynewbutitwasstillabike,andthetires（轮月台）werestillgood.

Weputapriceof$10onitbutitdidn'tsell.Soafterthesalewasover,myfriendputitonthesidewalkwitha

signthatsaid"FREEBIKE”.Withinfiveminutes,alittlegirlwasstandingthere.Sheaskedifthebikewasreally

free.Myfriendsaidyes.Thegirlsmiledandrodeawayquickly.

LaterthateveningwhenItoldmysonhowmuchmoneyhehadmadeattheyardsale,hesmiled.Whenhe

askedaboutthebike,Itoldhimthatalittlegirlwasveryhappybecauseshegotthebikeforfree.Thegrin（咧嘴

笑）onmyson'sfacewasmuchmorethanwhenItoldhimhowmuchhehadmade.Hewassothrilledtohearthat

someoneelsewouldgetgooduseofthatlittlebike.

Thebikewasgiventous,sointhisway,Iguesswegottopayitforward!

21.Themoneyfromtoysattheyardsalebelongedto

A.theboy'sparentsB.thefriendC.theboyD.thegirl

22.Howdidthelittlegirlgetthebike?

A.Sheboughtthebikeonthesidewalk.B.Shepaidtendollarsforthebike.

C.Sheaskedmysonforthebike.D.Shegotthebikeforfree.

23.Accordingtothepassage,thelittlebike

A.wasinthebestshapeB.hadverybadtires

C.wasverynewD.hadatleast4owners

24.Theunderlinedword“thrilled“probablymeansinthepassage.

A.worriedB.excitedC.interestedD.relaxed

25.Wecaninfer（推断）fromthepassagethat.

A.thewriterwasproudofhisson

B.thewriterwassorryforthebike

C.thewriterwasangrywiththefriend

D.thewriterwassatisfiedwiththegirl

B

Theword"hobby“isaninterestingword.Everypersonhasonethingheorshelikestodoforfun.Some

peopleliketocollectthingslikestampsorstorybooks.Othersliketoplayfootballorgowindowshoppingwhere

theycanlookatmanybeautifulthingswithoutbuyingthem.

IhavemanyhobbiesIdoforfun.Isometimesplaygolfwithmysons.Iplaytenniswithallthefamily.Ilike

tocollectmusicbooks.IalsocollectmusicalinstrumentsfromChinaliketheerhu,thedizi,thexiao,thesuona,and

thepipa.ThesearetheinstrumentsofChinawhichcannotbefoundinAmerica.

Myfavouritehobbyisfishing.Iliketogoandseemybrotherinthestate（见、|）ofAlaskawherefishingis

wonderful.Thetwoofustakeaboatandgotothesmallriverwherewefishforsalmon,America'smostfamous

fish.

26.Fromthepassagethewritermaybefrom.

A.ChinaB.AmericaC.EnglandD.France

27.Theword"hobby“means.

A.collectingstampsB.playingtenniswithourfriends

C.somethingweenjoydoinginourfreetimeD.somethingwecanseeatthewindowshopping

28.Theunderlinedphrase"windowshopping^^means.

A.在商店买东西B.买展览在橱窗里的东西

C.逛商店D.看商店的窗子

29.Whathobbydoesthewriterlikebest?

A.Playinggolfwithhissons.B.Fishing.

C.CollectingChinesemusicalinstruments.D.Collectingmusicbooks.

30.Salmonis.

A.ariverwherepeoplecangofishingB.atownnearAlaska

C.akindofinstrumentD.akindoffish

五、阅读还原

Ifyourchildrenarelearningtoread,ifswonderful!Whateverthey'rereading,they'reprobablysuper-excited

readers!Butthefactis,readingisaskill.31

♦Createacomfortablereadingspace.Chooseaspecialplacewithrightfurnishing（装饰）,blanketsand

pillowsforyourchildrenandputabookcaseofyourchildren'sbooks.32Ifyourchildrenfeellikethey

havegottheirownspecialplaceforreading,theywillprobablyspendtimeintheirlittlespacewithalltheirnew

favoritebooks.

♦33Ifyouwantyourchildrentolearntolovereading,setasideafewminuteseverydaytoread

together,nomatterhowbusyyouare.34Plantogotobedafewminutesearliereachnight,soyour

childrenhavethetimetochooseabooktoread.Besides,readingaloudtoyourchildrencanmakethemmore

willingtoreadontheirown.

♦Makethelibrary