2018-2019学年高中一轮复习英语译林版必修一Unit3高考拆组训练

必修一Unit3高考拆组训练板块练(一)阅读理解组块训练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·湖南省两校上学期联考)LongMarch(长征)exhibitionTheShanghaiHistoryMuseumisputtingonexhibitiontoremembertheLongMarch.Morethan220photosand40otherthingsareonshow.AlltheexhibitionisexplainedinChinese.TheshowwillendonNovember20.Time:10：00a．m.—4：00p．m.Address:1286HongqiaoRoadTicket:8yuanforChinese/15yuanforforeignersThaielephantsEightelephantsfromThailandareanattractionforvisitorsatChangfengParkbyridingbikes,playingbasketball,dancingandblowingamusicalinstrument.Theelephantsgivethreeshowsadayat9：30a．m.,3：30p．m.,and8：00p．m.,andthereisanextrashowat1：30p．m.atweekends.TheshowwillendonNovember15.Address:189DaduheRoadTicket:30－40yuanDancingdolphinsDolphinsjumpingfromthewatertotouchaball,dancingtomusic,kissingpeopleanddoingeasymathproblems,andsealsandsealions,alsoperforming,havemadealargepartoftheaquariuminPeacePark,whichinterestschildrengreatly.Time:10：30a．m.,4：00p．m.,and7：30p．m.Ticket:20yuanforadultsand10yuanforchildren语篇解读：本文介绍了三则广告，分别是长征展、泰国大象和海豚表演，介绍了时间、地点和价格等方面的内容。1．WherecanoneseetheLongMarchexhibition?A．InShanghaiHistoryMuseum.B．InChangfengPark.C．InPeacePark.D．On189DahudeRoad.解析：选A细节理解题。根据“TheShanghaiHistoryMuseumisputtingonexhibitiontoremembertheLongMarch.”可知本题选A。2．HowmanyshowsdoThailandelephantsgiveatweekends?A．One. B．Two.C．Three. D．Four.解析：选D细节理解题。根据“Theelephantsgivethreeshowsadayat9：30a．m.,3：30p．m.and8：00p．m.,andthereisanextrashowat1：30p．m.atweekends.”可知应该是四场。所以本题选D。3．HowmuchshouldtwochildrenpaytogointoPeacePark?A．Fiveyuan. B．Twentyyuan.C．Thirteenyuan. D．Fourteenyuan.解析：选B细节理解题。根据Dancingdolphins一段中的最后一行“Ticket:20yuanforadultsand10yuanforchildren”可知，应该是每个小孩十元，所以本题选B。BRoboticsurgeryisonething,butsendingarobotinsidethebodytocarryoutanoperationisquiteanother,whichhaslongbeenagoalofsomeresearcherstoproducetinyroboticdevicesbeingcapableoftravelingthroughthebodytodeliverdrugsortomakerepairswithouttheneedforasinglecut,thepossibilityofwhichhasjustgotabitcloser.However,unliketheplotofonefilm－whichfeaturedamicroscopiccrewandsubmarinetravelingthroughascientist’sbloodstream—thisdevicecouldnotbeinsertedintobloodvessels(管)becauseitistoobig.Whileothertypesofminiatureswallowablerobotshavebeendevelopedinthepast,theirrolehasmostlybeenlimitedtocapturingimagesinsidethebody.InapresentationthisweektotheInternationalConference,DanielaRusandShuheiMiyashitaoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologydescribedarobottheyhavedevelopedthatcanbeswallowedandusedtocollectdangerousobjectsaccidentallytakenin.Totesttheirlatestversion,DrRusandDrMiyashitadesignedarobotasabatteryhunter,whichmightseemtobeanoddtask,butmorethan3,500peopleinAmericaalone,mostofthemchildren,swallowthetinybuttoncellsusedinsmallelectronicdevicesbyaccidenteveryyear.Tostartwith,theresearcherscreatedanartificialesophagus(食道)andstomachmadeoutofsilicone(硅胶).Itwascloselymodeledonthatfoundinapigandfilledwithmedicalliquid;therobotitselfismadefromseverallayersofdifferentmaterials,includingpigintestine(肠),andcontainsalittlemagnet.Thisisfoldedupandencasedina10mm×27mmcapsuleofice.Oncethisreachesthestomachtheicemeltsandtherobotunfoldswhichismovedandguidedwiththeuseofamagneticfieldoutsidethebody.Intheirtests,therobotwasabletotouchabuttonbatteryanddrawitwithitsownmagnet,andduringdraggingitalong,therobotcouldthenbedirectedtowardstheintestineswhereitwouldeventuallybegottenridofthroughtheanus(肛门).Afterit,theresearcherssentinanotherrobotloadedwithmedicationtodeliverittothesiteofthebatteryburntospeeduphealing.Theartificialstomachbeingtransparentononeside,theresearcherswereabletoseethebatteriesandvisuallycontroltherobots.Ifnot,thatwillrequirehelpwiththehelpfromimagingsystem,whichwillbeabitmoreofachallenge,butDrRusandDrMiyashitaaredeterminedtosucceed.语篇解读：长期以来，研究人员都在尝试创造一种微型机器设备，能够游走于人体内，在不切割身体表面的情况下传送药物或者修补伤口。现在这种可能性已变得更为接近现实。麻省理工学院的丹妮拉·鲁斯和宫下修平研制的机器人可以被人吞咽，并可收集人们不慎摄入的有害异物。4．Accordingtothepassage,therobotoperationwillprobablybeableto________.A．travelthroughascientist’sbloodstreamB．photographthebodytoconveytothedoctorC．enterthebodytodeliverdrugsormakerepairsD．operateonapersonoutsidethebodypletely解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段可知，未来机器人手术可能能够将机器人植入体内传送药物或者修补伤口。故选项C符合题意。5．WelearnfromParagraph3that________.A．theresearchersdidtheexperimentonachosenanimalB．therobottooknecessarydrugsbesidesalittlemagnetC．digestingtheswallowedbatteriesisdifficultforchildrenD．theactualsizeoftherobotmaybelargerthanthecapsuleofice解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段第四、五句可知，机器人被折叠起来包裹进10毫米宽、27毫米长的冰胶囊内。一旦进入胃部，冰层便会融化，机器人也会打开。显然，机器人真实的尺寸要比冰胶囊大。故选项D正确。6．Whatmaytheexperimentmeantothemedicalworld?A．Thesurgerieswillcostpatientsmuchmoney.B．Patientswillsufferlessbecauseofsomesurgeries.C．Fewerchildrenwillswallowthebuttoncells.D．Arobotwillbeinventedtravellingbloodvessels.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段和第三段第六、七句可知，将机器人植入体内实施手术是为了在不切割身体表面的情况下传送药物或者修补伤口，这样能够加速治愈过程。显然，这种实验对于医学界的意义在于病人将少遭受手术痛苦。故选项B符合题意。7．Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A．AnExperimentonRobotB．TinyRobot,SignificantRoleC．TheFantasticRoboticVoyageD．TheExplorationofRobotTechnology解析：选C标题归纳题。根据第二段最后一句可知，麻省理工学院的丹妮拉·鲁斯和宫下修平研制的机器人可以被人吞咽，并可取出人们不慎摄入的有害物体。这对于被送入体内捕获异物的微型机器人来说无异于是一次在人体内的神奇之旅。故选项C符合题意。C(2018·辽宁沈阳育才中学模拟)TheCrownePlazaHotelinCopenhagenisofferingafreemealtoanyguestwhoisabletoproduceelectricityforthehotelonanexercisebikelinkedtoagenerator(发电机).Theideaistogetpeoplefitandreducetheircarbonfootprint.Guestswillhavetoproduceatleast10watthoursofelectricity—roughly15minutesofcyclingforsomeoneofaveragefitness.GuestsstayingatPlazaHotelwillbegivenmeatticketsworthD|S36oncetheyhaveproduced10watthoursofelectricity.Thebicycleswillhavesmartphonesattachedtothehandlebarsmeasuringhowmuchpowerisbeinggeneratedforthehotel.Theplan,aworld­first,willstarton19Aprilandrunforayear.Onlyguestsstayingatthehotelwillbeabletotakepart.FrederikkeToemmergaard,hotelspokeswoman,said,“Manyofourvisitorsarebusinesspeoplewhoenjoygoingtothegym.Theremightbepeoplewhowillcyclejusttogetafreemeal,butgenerallyIdon’tthinkpeoplewilltakeadvantageofourprogramme.”Copenhagenhasalong­standingcyclingtraditionand36%oflocalscycletoworkeachday,oneofthehighestpercentagesintheworld,accordingtothewebsitevisitcopenhagen.dk.USenvironmentalwebsitetreehugger.recentlyvotedCopenhagentheworld’sbestcityforcyclists.“BecauseCopenhagenisstronglyconnectedwithcycling,wefeltthebicyclewouldworkwellasasymbolofthehotel’sgreenprofile(形象)．”Ifsuccessful,theelectricbicyclemealprogrammewillbespreadtoallCrownePlazahotelsintheUK,thehotelsaidinastatement.语篇解读：本文提到的电动自行车免餐计划是为了增强人们的健康，推广酒店的环保理念。8．Whatisthemainpurposeofthefreemealprogramme?A．Topromotethehotel’sgreenconcept.B．Tomakethecityknowntotheworld.C．Toattractpeopletothehotelrestaurant.D．Togetgueststostaylongeratthehotel.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中“Theideaistogetpeoplefitandreducetheircarbonfootprint.”可知，这个想法是让人们身体健康，并减少碳排放量。即推广酒店的绿色理念。故选A。9．Howcanaparticipantgetafreemeal?A．Bybeingaprofessionalcyclist.B．Bycyclingtoproducesomeelectricity.C．Bylinkingasmartphonetoabicycle.D．Bymonitoringhisorhercarbonfootprint.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“TheCrownePlazaHotelinCopenhagenisofferingafreemealtoanyguestwhoisabletoproduceelectricityforthehotelonanexercisebikelinkedtoagenerator(发电机)．”可知，通过骑自行车为宾馆生产一些电的人们才能得到免费的一餐。故选B。10．Whoaremostlikelytoenterfortheprogramme?A．Thepoorlocalpeople.B．Theenvironmentactivists.C．Health­conscioushotelguests.D．VisitorsfondofCopenhagenfood.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Onlyguestsstayingatthehotelwillbeabletotakepart.”可知，只有住在酒店的客人才能参加。故选C。11．AccordingtoParagraph3,Copenhagenhasoneoftheworld’s________？A．bestchainhotelsB．greenestnaturalenvironmentsC．longestbikepathsD．highestratesofpeoplecyclingtowork解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Copenhagenhasalongstandingcyclingtraditionand36%oflocalscycletoworkeachday,oneofthehighestpercentagesintheworld”可知，骑自行车上班的人的比例最高，故选D。DStephenHawkingWarnsHumansMustLeaveEarthSoonProfessorStephenHawkingrecentlycameoutwithaseriouswarningforpeople.WhileattheStarmusFestival,afestivalinTrondheim,Norway,celebratingscienceandthearts,Hawkingwarnedpeoplethatthehumanraceisinseriousdanger.HawkingcriticizedPresidentDonaldTrumpfordenyingclimatechange.Thenthephysicistwarnedtheaudience,“Iamnotdenyingtheimportanceoffightingclimatechangeandglobalwarming,unlikeDonaldTrump,whomayjusthavetakenthemostseriousandwrongdecisiononclimatechangethisworldhasseen.”HawkingproposedthattheleadingcountriesshouldsendastronautstotheMoonbefore2020torestartamovementofmoreexplorationinspace.TheBBCreportedthatHawkingsuggestedthatwe“buildalunarbasein30years’timeandsendpeopletoMarsby2025”．AccordingtotheBBC,ProfessorHawkingsaid,“Spreadingoutintospacewillpletelychangethefutureofhumanity.”Hecontinued,“Ihopeitwouldunitepetitivenationsinasinglegoaltofacethemonchallengeforusall.”Thephysicistsharedmoreideastomotivatetheyoungergenerationtocontinueexploringspace.Hawkingstated,“Anewandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexcite(youngpeople),andstimulateinterestinotherareas,suchasastrophysics(天体物理学)andcosmology(宇宙学)．”Hawkingalsorevealedhisvisionofotherformsofenergythatcouldmoveustoanewplanet.Hewarnedtheaudience,“TheEarthisunderthreatfromsomanyareasthatitisdifficultformetobepositive.”Hecontinued,“Ournaturalresourcesarebeingdrainedatanalarmingrate.Wehavegivenourplanetthedisastrousgiftsofclimatechange,risingtemperatures,reductionofthepolaricecaps,deforestation(滥伐森林),anddecimation(大批杀死)ofanimalspecies.Wecanbeanignorantandunthinking(考虑不周的)lot.”Theprofessorwarnedtheaudiencethatdoingnothingwouldleadnowhere.Hesaid,“Ifwesucceedwewillsendaprobe(航天探测器)toAlphaCentauriwithinthelifetimeofsomeofyoualivetoday.Itisclearthatweareenteringanewspaceage.Wearestandingatthethreshold(开端)ofanewera.Humancolonizationandmovingtootherplanetsisnolongersciencefiction,anditcanbesciencefact.”Hawkingadvisedtheaudiencetomovetootherworldsbecausewearerunningoutofspace.语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。12．AccordingtoHawking,whatisthefirststepforhumanstospreadoutintospace?A．TosendpeopletoMars.B．Tobuildalunarbase.C．TosendastronautstotheMoon.D．Tochangethefutureofhumanity.解析：选C细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C项。13．Theunderlinedword“drained”inParagraph5canbereplacedby“________”．A．speededup B．storedC．usedup D．explored解析：选C词义猜测题。由该词前面的“naturalresources”和后面的“atanalarmingrate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C项。14．WhatisHawking’sattitudetowardstheEarth’sfuture?A．Pessimistic. B．Confused.C．Positive. D．Indifferent.解析：选A观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A项。15．ThereasonwhyhumansmustleavetheEarthsoonisthat________.A．theEarthisunderthreatandthehumanraceisinseriousdangerB．humanshavefoundotherformsofenergytomovetoanewplanetC．anewandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexciteyoungpeopleD．astronautshavefoundabetterworldinspacethantheEarth解析：选A细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A项。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2018·福建泉港一中模拟)6TipsforHealthy,WhiteTeeth·Goonawhite­teethdiet.Ifyou’requaffing(畅饮)redwineandblacktea,orsmokingcigarettes,expecttheresultstoshowupasnot­so­pearlywhites.·Throwawayyourtoothbrushorelectrictoothbrushheadeverytwotothreemonths.__16__AccordingtodentistHaroldKatz,thebestwaytobrushisbyplacingyourtoothbrushata45­degreeangleagainstyourgums(牙龈)andgentlymovingitinacircularmotion.Gripthetoothbrushlikeapencilsoyouwon’tscrub(刷洗)toohard.·Useatonguescraper(刮刀)everymorningtoremovetongueplaque(舌斑)andfreshenbreath.Onecauseofbadbreathisthebuild­upofbacteriaonthetongue,whichadailytonguescrapingwillhelpbanish(消除).__17__·Eat“detergent(清洁剂)”foodsthatarefirmorcrisptohelpcleanteethasyoumunch(咀嚼)．__18__Forbestresults,make“detergent”foodsthefinalfoodyoueatinyourmealifyouknowyouwon’tbeabletobrushyourteethaftereating.·Stayfresh.Checkbylicking(舔)yourpalmandsmellingitwhileit’swet.Ifyousmellsomething,it’stimeforasugar­freebreathmint(薄荷).Shoppingformouthwash?__19__Mouthwasheswithtoomuchalcoholcandryoutmouthtissue,makingitmoreprone(易于)tobacteria.·Brushingyourteethfirstandlastarethetwomostcrucialtimesoftheday,assaliva(唾液)whichkeepsplaqueoffteeth,driesupatnight,soit’sbesttohaveallplaquecleanedofftheteethbeforesleep.__20__A．Makesureit’salcoholfree.B．Applesaregood,asarerawcarrots,celeryandpopcorn.C．Otherwise,you’rejusttransferringbacteriatoyourmouth.D．However,thebacteriawon’tbestayingonthetopofyourtongue.E．It’smoreeffectivethanbrushingyourtonguewithatoothbrushtoo.F．Whenyousleepwithoutbacteriainyourmouth,youwillfeelmuchbetter.G．It’salsoimportanttobrushfirstinthemorningtoremoveplaqueandbacteriabuiltupasyouslept.eq\x(语篇解读：本文介绍了六条保持牙齿洁白、健康的建议。)16．解析：选C根据此空前“Throwawayyourtoothbrush...everytwotothreemonths.”可知，每隔两到三个月要换一次牙刷，本空应说明这样做的原因。C项(否则你就是在把细菌转移到嘴巴里。符合语境。)17．解析：选E根据空前的“Onecauseofbadbreath...,whichadailytonguescrapingwillhelpbanish(清除)．”可知，刮舌板有助于有效清除舌头上堆积的细菌，故此处描述的是刮舌板的益处。E项意为“这比用牙刷刷你的舌面更加有效”，符合上下文逻辑。其中it指代Useatonguescrapereverymorning...这件事。18．解析：选B根据空前建议吃有清洁作用的硬的或脆的食物，边咀嚼边清洗牙齿可知，此段应涉及所吃的食物。只有B项中出现了食物。故选B项。19．解析：选A根据本空后“Mouthwasheswithtoomuchalcoholcandryoutmouthtissue...”可知，此处应是建议使用不含酒精的漱口水。故选A项。20．解析：选G根据最后一段，建议起床后第一件事和睡觉前最后一件事是刷牙，以及本空前描述要在睡觉前刷牙可知，此处应该是早晨起来也要刷牙。G项意为“同样重要的是早晨起来先刷牙，以此来清除夜间睡觉堆积起来的牙菌斑和细菌”，符合逻辑。故选G项。板块练(二)语言知识运用组块训练——练准度(限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.完形填空Doyouknowhowdisciplinecanhelpyouachieveyourgoals?Doyouknowthatdisciplineisimportantto__1__？Whatisthepowerofdiscipline?Howtobeedisciplined?Youmightthinkthatmanypeoplearenotselfdisciplined,__2__I’mgoingtoprovetoyouthatpeopleingeneralaredisciplined,but__3__，innon­beneficialways.Therearemanypeoplewhosmokedaily__4__thefactthatitisharmfuland__5__anditcouldkillthem.Suchpeoplearedisciplinedat__6__cigarettesandsmoking.Therearepeoplewhoaredisciplinedatdrinkinglotsofalcoholdaily.Suchpeoplearedisciplinedatconsumingalcohol.Doyou__7__whereIamgoingwiththis?Oneofmyfriendswhohasa__8__forrunningspendshalfanhoureverysinglemorningrunning.Whetheritissnowingorraining,shehastorun.Thisisthekindof__9__disciplinethatyouaresupposedto__10__andcreateinyourlife.Doyouknowsomeonewhoboughtabook,butdidn’tfinish__11__itforsomereason?Doyouknowsomeonewhodecidedtoimprovehis__12__andstarteatingmorevegetablesandfruit,butaftertwoweeks,he__13__？Theseareallexamplesof__14__ofdiscipline.Ifyouarenotdisciplined,thenyouwillhaveahardtimetogetyour__15__.AsImentionedinmybookTheultimateguidetoachievingyourgoalsthatyoucouldknowwhatyouwant,__16__，andtakeaction,butifyouarenotself­disciplined,youwill__17__giveup.Withdiscipline,youcanstartgettingupearlyinthemorning,exercise,and__18__yourselfofthenon­beneficialhabitssuchassmokingandeatingnon­healthyfood.Withdiscipline,youcanchangenegativehabitstopositivehabits.Withdiscipline,youcanjointhegymandstartworkingonhavinga__19__body.Doyouseewhatthe__20__ofdisciplinecando?AlwaysrememberwhatJimRohnsaid,“Onedisciplinealwaysleadstoanotherdiscipline.”语篇解读：自制力能够帮助我们实现目标并取得成功。本文主要讲述了自制的力量及其对人们的影响，作者呼吁人们加强自律，改掉恶习，培养健康向上的生活习惯。1.A.wealth B．successC．fortune D．health解析：选B根据上文的“howdisciplinecanhelpyouachieveyourgoals”可知，你知道自律对于成功的重要性吗？success意为“成功”；wealth意为“财富”；fortune意为“财富，运气”；health意为“健康”。2.A.for B．andC．or D．but解析：选D你也许认为很多人不自律，但是我要向你证明的是人们一般是有自律性的。根据句意可知，上下文之间为转折关系，故选项D符合题意。but意为“但是”；for意为“因为”；and意为“和”；or意为“或者”。3．A.unfortunately B．unwillinglyC．unnecessarily D．unexpectedly解析：选A根据下文的“manypeoplewhosmokedaily”以及“peoplewhoaredisciplinedatdrinkinglotsofalcoholdaily”可知，但不幸的是，人们的纪律性表现在了有害的方面。unfortunately意为“不幸地，遗憾地”；unwillingly意为“不愿意地，不情愿地”；unnecessarily意为“没必要地，不需要地”；unexpectedly意为“意外地，出人意料地”。4．A.besides B．despiteC．except D．without解析：选B尽管吸烟有害是一个事实，但是有很多人每天都吸烟。根据句意可知上下文之间为转折关系，故选项B符合题意。despite意为“尽管，虽然”；besides意为“除了……还有……”；except意为“除了……之外”；without意为“没有，缺乏”。5．A.courageous B．disgustingC．dangerous D．forbidden解析：选C根据上文的“thefactthatitisharmful”以及下文的“itcouldkillthem”可知，吸烟是有害和危险的。dangerous意为“危险的，有危害的”；courageous意为“勇敢的，无畏的”；disgusting意为“令人厌恶的，令人反感的”；forbidden意为“被禁止的”。6．A.selling B．buyingC．getting D．consuming解析：选D根据下文的“Suchpeoplearedisciplinedatconsumingalcohol”可知，这些人在消耗烟草和吸烟方面是自律的。consume意为“消耗，消费”；sell意为“卖，出售”；buy意为“购买”；get意为“得到，获得”。7．A.care B．seeC．feel D．mind解析：选B你明白我说这些要表达什么意思吗？see意为“明白，领会”；care意为“关心，在乎”；feel意为“感觉，感到”；mind意为“介意”。8．A.passion B．giftC．respect D．reason解析：选A根据下文的“Whetheritissnowingorraining,shehastorun”可知，我有一个酷爱跑步的朋友，每天早晨跑步半小时。passion意为“酷爱，激情”；gift意为“天赋，礼物”；respect意为“尊重，尊敬”；reason意为“原因，理由”。9．A.formal B．positiveC．negative D．religious解析：选B我有个朋友酷爱跑步，每天早晨跑步半小时，这是一种积极的自律。positive意为“积极的，肯定的”；formal意为“正式的”；negative意为“消极的，否定的”；religious意为“宗教的”。10．A.form B．learnC．follow D．believe解析：选C这是一种你应该在你的生活中遵循和创造的自律。follow意为“遵循”；form意为“形成”；learn意为“学习”；believe意为“相信”。11．A.reading B．recitingC．analyzing D．reviewing解析：选A你知道有人买了一本书，但是因为某种原因没有读完吗？read意为“阅读”；recite意为“背诵”；analyze意为“分析”；review意为“审查，评论，复习”。12．A.service B．dietC．skill D．performance解析：选B根据下文的“starteatingmorevegetablesandfruit”可知，有人决定改善自己的饮食。diet意为“饮食”；service意为“服务”；skill意为“技巧”；performance意为“表现，演出”。13．A.brokedown B．turnedupC．gaveup D．setout解析：选C但是两周后，他就放弃了。giveup意为“放弃”；breakdown意为“失败；出故障；感情失控”；turnup意为“出现，露面”；setout意为“出发，启程”。14．A.lack B．gestureC．sign D．symbol解析：选A这些都是缺乏自律的例子。lack意为“缺乏，不足”；gesture意为“手势，姿势”；sign意为“符号，标牌，迹象”；symbol意为“象征”。15．A.attention B．orderC．credit D．desire解析：选D句意：如果你没有自律性，那么你将难以实现你的愿望。desire意为“愿望，渴望”；attention意为“注意，专注”；order意为“命令，顺序”；credit意为“信用，赞扬”。16．A.plan B．listenC．ask D．hope解析：选A正如我在我的《实现你的目标终极指南》的书中所提到的，你能知道你想要的，做好计划并采取行动。plan意为“计划”；listen意为“听”；ask意为“问”；hope意为“希望”。17．A.obviously B．practicallyC．likely D．quickly解析：选C但是如果你没有自律性，你将可能放弃。likely意为“可能”；obviously意为“显然地”；practically意为“实际上”；quickly意为“快速地”。18．A.persuade B．informC．deliver D．break解析：选D有自律性，你能够每天早上早起、锻炼，你能把自己身上像吸烟和吃不健康食物的坏习惯改掉。break意为“戒除，摆脱，打破”；persuade意为“劝说，说服”；inform意为“通知，告知”；deliver意为“递送，运送”。19．A.healthier B．weakerC．heavier D．clumsier解析：选A有自律性，你能进入体育馆，开始为有一个更健康的身体而努力。healthy意为“健康的”；weak意为“虚弱的”；heavy意为“重的”；clumsy意为“笨拙的”。20．A.demand B．powerC．principle D．measure解析：选B根据上文的“Whatisthepowerofdiscipline”可知，你明白自律的力量能做什么了吗？power意为“力量”；demand意为“要求”；principle意为“原理，原则”；measure意为“措施”。Ⅱ.语法填空(2018·广西桂林中学段考)TheImportanceofHobbiesAhobbyissomethingthatonelikestodoinone’ssparetime.Ahobbyistreatedasafavoriteactivitythatapersondoesforpleasureandnotas__1__regularbusiness.Ahobbyisnotaninbornpreference.It__2__(develop)throughaconstantandsystematicprocess.Ahobbyisnotpursued__3__(make)aprofit.Themainpurposeofahobbyistoderivepleasureoutofit.Itgivesusmentalandphysical__4__(relax).Onemakesthebestuseofone’ssparetimebypursuingahobby.While__5__(make)achoiceoutofmanywaysofspendingourtime,weoughttoensuresomethingthatrestoresourlostenergyandcheers__6__up.Thereareagoodnumberofhobbies.Thehobbythatfitsourinterest,natureandourbudgetwouldbethe__7__(good)．Thehobby__8__(select)byteensdependsuponthetimeforhobbies.Whileteensbeebusyinshapingtheircareers,itisveryimportanttodevelopahobby,__9__canopenupnewviewsofknowledge,entertainmentandcareers.Asastudent,onemaydevelopthehobbyofreadingnewspapersandmagazines__10__(regular).Theykeeponeawareofthecurrentevents.Inthelongrun,onewillbenefitfromitifonehastoappearinpetitiveexaminations.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了培养业余爱好的重要性以及怎样选择合适的爱好等。1.a考查冠词。与前面的asafavoriteactivity对应，指爱好不是一件日常事务。2．isdeveloped考查语态。此处指爱好的形成，因此要用被动语态。3．tomake考查不定式。此处的不定式作目的状语。4．relaxation考查词形转换。空前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，因此需要将relax变成名词。5．making考查现在分词。make与其逻辑主语we之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。6．us考查代词。与前面的restoresourlostenergy呼应，指使得我们振作起来。7．best考查形容词最高级。根据语义可知，指那种适合我们的兴趣、性格和预算的爱好，才是最好的。8．selected考查过去分词。这里的hobby与select构成被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语。9．which考查定语从句。which引导了一个非限制性定语从句。10．regularly考查副词。此处用副词作状语来修饰谓语动词。板块练(三)写作强化增分练＋单元基础回扣练一、写作强化增分练——练规范(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.短文改错It’sreportedthatsomeChinesetouristsbehavebadlytravelathomeandabroad.Theyspeakloudlyinpublicplaces,carvecharactersattouristattractions,throwarubbisheverywhere,evencrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightsarestillred.Suchbadbehaviorhadcauseddamagetowhatpeoplethinkofthemselvesandourcountry.Actionsshouldbetakentostopthis.First,touristsshouldbeeducatingtoobeysocialandpublicorder,andrespectlocallyreligionsandcustoms.Besides,lawsshouldbemadetopunishthosewhichdon’tbehavepolitelyinpublic.Ihopesoontourist