2024-2025学年下学期初中英语八年级第二单元B卷

第49页（共50页）2024-2025学年下学期初中英语人教版八年级第二单元测试卷B卷一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2022春•永昌县校级期中）CouldIyourbike？Sorry，IittoJimyesterday．（）A．borrow，lent B．lend，borrowed C．lend，lent D．borrow，borrowed2．（2022春•阿克苏地区期中）WeneedtoupwithaplanfortheCityParkClean﹣UpDay.（）A．come B．go C．work D．study3．（2022春•武邑县校级月考）﹣Weshouldtryourbesttohelpthoseinneed.﹣.Tohelpothersistohelpourselves.（）A．You'rewelcome B．You'reright C．Luckyyou D．It'suptoyou4．（2022•惠民县模拟）Wehavetothebikeridebecauseofthebadweather．（）A．putoff B．turnoff C．takeoff D．getoff5．（2022春•振兴区校级期末）﹣Mom，couldIgoshoppingwithyou？﹣Yes，you______.Butyoumustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.（）A．could B．can C．can't D．couldn't6．（2022春•乐平市期中）Thankyouforyourhelp，Linda．Youmakepossibleforustofinishtheworkintime．（）A．this B．it C．them D．that7．（2022春•南丹县期末）Iwillgivehimthegiftassoonashe．（）A．willarrive B．arrive C．arrives D．arrived8．（2022春•蠡县期中）Peoplealotofmeetingsbecauseofthedangerousillness.（）A．turnedoff B．setoff C．putoff D．tookoff9．（2022秋•隆回县校级月考）﹣﹣﹣Hi，Bruce，whydoyoulooksotired？﹣﹣﹣Ilatetowatchthefootballgameslastnight．（）A．gotup B．stayedup C．wokeup D．cutup10．（2022春•康县期末）﹣﹣﹣DidTomdecidetothebeachforvacation？﹣﹣﹣Yes，hedid．Hereallylikesthesoftsandonthebeach．（）A．notgo B．going C．nottogo D．togo二．完形填空（共1小题）11．（2022•都安县校级模拟）Maryisakindgirl.Frommiddleschooltocollege，shevolunteeredtohelpmanypeople.Sheoftengoestothehospitalto（1）thesickpeopleonweekends.Andshereallyfelt（2）becausesheunderstandsthattruehappinesscomesfromhelping（3）.Forthreeyears，Marywenttoaprimaryschoolonceaweekto（4）somepupilswithmathandEnglish.Shecanstillrememberthe（5）ofbeingateacher.Mostofall，shewashappythatthepupilsdidvery（6）inthemathtests.Shefeltgoodtobe（7）thechildren.Theylikedtotellhertheirdreamsorfutureplans.Shebecamenotonlytheirafterschool（8）butalsotheirbestfriend.Lookingbacknow，shelearnedmuch（9）fromthethreeyears'experiencethanshegavetothechildren.She'splanning（10）onvolunteeringinthefuture，becausesheknowsit'llbringhermorehappiness.（1）A．cheerupB．setupC．thinkupD．cleanup（2）A．funnyB．angryC．happyD．sad（3）A．anotherB．othersC．theotherD．theothers（4）A．learnB．tellC．meetD．help（5）A．feelingB．lookingC．tastingD．smelling（6）A．goodB．niceC．wellD．kind（7）A．forB．withC．ofD．by（8）A．brotherB．sisterC．workerD．teacher（9）A．moreB．lessC．betterD．worse（10）A．goingB．comingC．togoD．tocome三．阅读理解（共2小题）12．（2022春•黄冈月考）Dearneighbors，NextSaturdayistheVolunteerDayofourcommunity（社区）.Hereistheplan.7：30a.m：MeetattheCommunityCenterforbreakfast.8：00a.m.﹣8：30a.m：Decidewhichofthefollowingorganizationsyou'dliketoworkfor.Youcanbeginthinkingaboutwhatyoumaywanttodonow.HappyHomes：Itprovides（提供）homerepairsforpeopleinneed.ElderCare：Itsendsvolunteerstooldpeople'shome.Volunteerscanplaygameswiththeoldpeoplethere，ortalkwiththem.CityParksAssociation：Itneedsvolunteerstohelpplantflowersandpickuptrash（垃圾）incityparks.Theseareoutdooractivities，soremembertobringsomedrinkingwater!LoveandLearning：Ithelpschildrenwithlearningdisabilities.Readbooksoutloudlytogroupsofchildrenandhelpthemwiththeirhomework.8：30a.m.一9：00a.m.：Getonthebusforyourchosenactivity，andridewiththeothervolunteerstoyouractivitysite（地点）.9：00a.m.一12：00p.m.：Workasavolunteer.12：00p.m.一1：00p.m.：Sharelunchwithyourvolunteergroup.1：00p.m.一3：30p.m.：Goonwithyourvolunteerwork.3：30p.m.：GetonthebusthatwilltakeyoubacktotheCommunityCenter.Youcantalkwithothervolunteersandshareyourexperiences.Toknowmoreinformation，pleasecall718﹣384﹣782.Wearelookingforwardtoyourjoining.CentralCommunity（1）WhatdovolunteersforHappyHomesdo？A．Theyrepairhomes.B．Theycleanuphomes.C．Theyvisitoldpeople'shomes.D．Theycareforchildrenathomealone.（2）IfonechoosestoworkforCityParksAssociation，heneedstobring.A．B．C．D．（3）Howwillvolunteersgototheiractivitysites？A．Bybike.B．Bycar.C．Bybus.D．Bysubway.（4）Volunteerswillfinishtheirworkat.A．1：00p.m.B．1：30p.m.C．3：00p.m.D．3：30p.m.（5）Thewriterwritesthispassageto.A．askpeopletodoVolunteerDayactivitiesB．showtheimportanceofvolunteeringC．describeavolunteeringexperienceD．tellpeoplehowtobeavolunteer13．（2020春•衢州期末）Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood，takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapestwayisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.Thegeneralsleepingruleisthattheyoungeryouare，thelongersleepyouneed.Butregardlessof（不管）age，somepeopleneedtosleepmorewhileforsomeafewhoursisenough.AccordingtotheWHO，overhalfpeopleintheworldmaybesleep﹣deprived（睡眠不足的）.Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents.IntheUnitedStatesalone，sleepydriverscauseatleast100，000trafficaccidentsayear，Alsosleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure.Whyaresomanypeoplesleep﹣deprived？Partofthereasonsmaybecultural.InAmericanculture，peopleputahighervalueonworkthanonsleep.Also，youcansometimeshearsomepeoplesayproudlythattheydon'thavemuchtimetosleep.Theyonlysleepfourorfivehoursanight.Itseemsthatthelessyousleep，themoreworkyou'lldo.Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep？PerhapstheymaylistentotheadviceofDr.JamesMaas，anexpertinsleep.Hesays，"Sleepislikeacreditcard（信用卡）.Whenyousleepless，youareonlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback."Forthosewhovalueworkmorethansleep，theyshouldlistentowhatafamouspersonsaid，"Don'tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolishideaanditisheldbypeoplewithnoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore."（1）Thebestwaytokeephealthyisaccordingtothepassage.A．tohavemoresleepB．todomoreexerciseC．togetmoremedicalhelpD．toeatmorehealthyfood（2）Inthewriter'sopinion，lesssleepmaycausemorelikely.①tiredness②trafficaccidents③foolishness④medialproblemsA．①②③B．①②④C．②③④D．①③④（3）Whatdoes"it"inparagraph4referto？A．Time.B．Money.C．Creditcard.D．Work.（4）Thepurposeofthewritingisto.A．helppeoplelearnaboutthefactsofsleepB．teachpeoplehowtosleepwellC．makepeopleinterestedinsleepD．tellpeopletheimportanceofsleep四．短文还原（共1小题）14．Thebattle（战斗）againstthenovelcoronavirus（新冠病毒）ison，It'snotjustabattlefordoctors，butalsoforeachofus.Herearesomeofthethingswecando，accordingtotheHandbookofPreventionandTreatment（防治知识手册）ofCOVID.19releasedbyDoctorDigitalGeneralHospital.•（1）Ifyouhaveto，remembertomaskup.Stayatleastonemeterawayfromotherpeople，especiallythosewhoarecoughingandsneezing.•（2）MedicalmasksandN95masksareveryusefultostopthevirus，accordingtotheCenterforDiseaseControl.Remembertochangethemeveryfourhoursifyoukeepwearingthem.•（3）Doitthreetimesadayfor15minutestohalfanhoureachtime.Properventilation（通风）canstopthevirusfrombuildingup.•（4）Don'ttouchyoureyes，noseandmouthbeforewashingyourhands.Whenyouwashyourhands，userunningwaterandsoap.Rub（揉搓）yourhandstogetherfornolessthan15seconds.A.Wearmasksifnecessary.B.Havehealthyhabits.C.Don'tgotocrowdedplaces.D.Openwindowstoletfreshairinduringtheday.E.Remembertowashhandsproperly.（5）Pleasegiveonemoresuggestiononhowtoprotectourselves.（回答不多于5个单词）五．任务型阅读（共1小题）15．（2021秋•讷河市期中）Canyouimaginealifewithoutarmsorlegs？NowletmeintroduceadisabledmannamedNickforyou.Nick，anAustralian，wasbornwithoutlimbs（四肢），solifewasnoteasyforhim.Atschoolmanystudentsplayedjokesonhim.Becausehelookeddifferentfromeveryoneelse，manystudentsrefusedtobefriendswithhim.Sohealwaysfeltlonely.However，hefacedthatbravely.Helearnedtotypeonthecomputerwithtwotoes（脚趾）attheageofsix，andhecouldevensurfandplaygolf.Incollege，heachievedgreatsuccessandwasoneoftheexcellentstudentsinthestudy.What'smore，Nickalsoencouragedotherstoworkhardfortheirdreams.NowNickisoneofthemostpopularspeakersintheworld.Hetravelstomanycountriesandgivespeechesabouthisstoryagainstdifficulties."Ameaningfullifeisaboutlookingatwhatyouhave，notwhatyoudon'thave."hesaid.Hisstoryencouragedmillionsofpeople.（1）WheredoesNickcomefrom？（2）WhatwasthematterwithNickwhenhewasborn？（3）HowdidNickfeelatschool？（4）WhendidNicklearntousethecomputer？（5）WhydoesNicktraveltomanycountriesnow？六．选词填空（共1小题）16．（2021•吉林模拟）addedwondereithersomethingalsofromtimesbacktallDidyoueverthinkabouthowpeoplegottheirsurnames（familynames）？Didyouever（1）．whowasthefirstpersontohaveyoursurname？ManymodernBritishsurnamesgo（2）．totheVikingsandAnglo﹣SaxonswhoruledEnglandfor300years，until1066AD．Duringthose（3），peoplejusthadonename．Totelleachpersonapart，theAnglo﹣Saxonsadded（4）．theplaceapersoncamefromorthejobtheydidtotheirfirstname．Forexample，aladycalledAgatha（5）．thetownofBlackburncouldbecalledAgathaBlackburn．TheVikings，ontheotherhand，（6）．thenameofaperson'sfatherormother．SoErikJonsonwasthesonofamannamedJon．ManyVikingmen（7）．hadnicknames（绰号）．Theseusedtomeantheoppositeofwhatthepersonwasactuallylike．Forexample，JohnShortcouldbeavery（8）．man，orErikWisecouldbeamanwhowasnotveryclever!So，nexttimesomeonetellsyoutheirsurname，stopandthinkforaminute．Itmighttellyou（9）．abouttheirancestors（祖先）fromcenturiesago!七．短文填空（共1小题）17．根据人教版教材SectionA的3a完成短文填空。MarioGreenandMaryBrownarefromRiversideHighSchool.Theygiveup（1）hourseachweektohelpothers.Mario（2）atananimalhospitaleverSaturdaymorning.Hebelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Hegetssucha（3）feelingof（4）whenheseestheanimalsgetbetter.Maryisabooklover.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.Shehelpskidslearntoread.Thekidsaregoingonadifferent（5）witheachnewbook.VolunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforMary.Shecandowhatshelovestodoandhelpothersatthesametime.Wouldyouliketovolunteertohelpothers？八．语法填空（共1小题）18．Whatcanyoudotohelppeople？Theansweris（1）（be）avolunteer!Volunteeringmeanstospendtime（2）（give）yourhandstoothers.HelpyourselfbyhelpingothersWhenyouvolunteer（3）（help）others，youarehelpingyourself.Ifyouareupset，doingsomethingcanbeagreatway（4）（cheer）youup.Lotsofpeoplereallyenjoyvolunteering.Doingvolunteerwork（5）（mean）oneimportantthing：youmakeadifferenceintheworld.Sowheredoyoustart？Schoolisagoodplacetostartifyou（6）（look）forvolunteerideas.Askateacherforideas.ThingstodowithfamilymembersVolunteeringisagreatwaytohavefunwithyourfamily.Talktoyourparents，brothersorsistersandseewhatthey（7）（be）interestedin.Findsomethingyouallagreeon.Herearesomeideasforthingsyoucandoasafamilylike（8）（clean）upaparkandplantingtreesorflowersinyourlocalcommunity（社区）.InventyourownopportunityKids（9）（come）upwiththeirownwaystoraisemoneyorprovideservices.Youcanmakeandsellproducts，anddonatethemoneytocharity.Volunteeringgiveskidsatasteofresponsibility（责任）.Volunteeringcanalsohelpkids（10）（learn）importantthingsaboutthemselveslikewhatkindsofthingsthey'rebestat.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor？Makeaplantostartvolunteeringtoday!九．用所给单词正确形式填空（共5小题）19．（2024春•沂源县期末）Thanksverymuchforyour（kind）．20．（2024•凉州区开学）Hedoesn'tgiveupEnglishbecausehewantstohaveatripinEngland.（study）21．（2024•临夏州一模）Sheoftenvisitssickkidsinthehospitaltocheer（they）up.22．（2022秋•兰州期末）Couldyoupleasetellmehow（make）smallvideosonDouyin？23．（2022秋•两江新区期末）Frankwasable（swim）whenhewasfiveyearsold.一十．书面表达（共1小题）24．（2013•黄冈）俗话说："予人玫瑰，手留余香"．在我们的日常生活中，我们会遇到各种困难，因此，我们会需要他人的帮助；但同时，我们也要学会帮助他人．其实，帮助他人就是在帮助自己．请你结合身边的事例，以"帮助"为话题，用英语写一篇短文．注意：①无需写标题，开头已经给出，但不计入总词数；②文中要结合你帮助别人或别人帮助你的一件事例；③文中不得透露任何个人和学校的真实信息；④词数为80左右．Asthesayinggoes，rosesgiven，fragranceinhand．Inourdailylife，wewillmeetwithalotoftrouble．

2024-2025学年下学期人教版初中英语八年级第二单元测试卷B卷参考答案与试题解析题号12345678910答案AABABCC一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2022春•永昌县校级期中）CouldIyourbike？Sorry，IittoJimyesterday．（）A．borrow，lent B．lend，borrowed C．lend，lent D．borrow，borrowed【考点】动词词义辨析．【答案】A【分析】我可以借你的自行车吗？对不起，昨天我把它借给吉姆了．【解答】答案：A，考查动词词义辨析．句意"我可以借你的自行车吗？对不起，昨天我把它借给吉姆了．"borrow表示借进来，borrowsthfromsb向某人借东西．lend表示借出去，lendsthtosb把东西借给某人．根据题干CouldI___yourbike？可知我可以借你的自行车吗？表示借入用borrow．I___ittoJimyesterday．可知昨天我把它借给吉姆了．表示借出，yesterday昨天，句子是一般过去时，所以用lend的过去式lent．故选A．【点评】理解各个选项的含义及其用法，根据具体内容作答．2．（2022春•阿克苏地区期中）WeneedtoupwithaplanfortheCityParkClean﹣UpDay.（）A．come B．go C．work D．study【考点】动词词义辨析．【答案】A【分析】我们需要想出一个城市公园清洁日的计划。【解答】根据题干，可知考查动词词义辨析。comeupwith想出；提出（主意、计划、回答等）。goup增长；上升；workup逐步建立；逐步发展；激发。studyup钻研。根据句意，我们需要________一个城市公园清洁日的计划。可知，应用comeupwith。故选：A。【点评】掌握up构成的动词短语的含义，根据句意，给出答案。3．（2022春•武邑县校级月考）﹣Weshouldtryourbesttohelpthoseinneed.﹣.Tohelpothersistohelpourselves.（）A．You'rewelcome B．You'reright C．Luckyyou D．It'suptoyou【考点】询问．【答案】B【分析】﹣我们应该尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人。﹣你说得对。帮助别人就是帮助自己。【解答】A.不客气；B.你说得对；C.你很幸运；D.这取决于你。根据句意，﹣我们应该尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人。﹣帮助别人就是帮助自己。可知横线处填"你说得对"。故选：B。【点评】考查情境对话，在日常学习时多积累日常交际用语。做题时要先了解各选项的意思，对其用法做到心里有数，再根据具体的语境来选择正确答案。4．（2022•惠民县模拟）Wehavetothebikeridebecauseofthebadweather．（）A．putoff B．turnoff C．takeoff D．getoff【考点】动词短语．【答案】A【分析】由于天气不好，我们不得不推迟骑自行车．【解答】答案：A．考查动词短语．句意：由于天气不好，我们不得不推迟骑自行车．A．putoff推迟B．turnoff关闭C．takeoff脱下D．getoff下车．根据题干becauseofthebadweather可知我们不得不推迟骑自行车．故选A．【点评】理解各个选项的含义，及其用法的区别，根据具体内容作答．5．（2022春•振兴区校级期末）﹣Mom，couldIgoshoppingwithyou？﹣Yes，you______.Butyoumustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.（）A．could B．can C．can't D．couldn't【考点】一般疑问句．【答案】B【分析】﹣妈妈，我能和你一起去购物吗？﹣是的，你可以。但是你必须先完成你的家庭作业。【解答】根据couldIgoshoppingwithyou？可知疑问句是情态动词could，回答用can。结合Yes，可知是肯定回答Yes，youcan。故选：B。【点评】熟悉一般疑问句的用法，结合题意，给出答案。6．（2022春•乐平市期中）Thankyouforyourhelp，Linda．Youmakepossibleforustofinishtheworkintime．（）A．this B．it C．them D．that【考点】it的用法．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】谢谢你的帮助，Linda．你使我们有可能按时完成工作．【解答】答案：B．当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为"动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式（动名词或从句）"，it做形式宾语时，通常和下列动词连用：consider，think，make，find，feel，see，take，suppose等．故本题选it做形式宾语，真正的宾语是"tofinishtheworkintime"，them他们（宾格），this这个（近指，单数），that那个（远指，单数），这两个都是指示代词，这三个词都没有这种用法，故选：B．【点评】本题考查it作为形式宾语的用法，记住it的这种特殊用法，另外，it还可作形式主语7．（2022春•南丹县期末）Iwillgivehimthegiftassoonashe．（）A．willarrive B．arrive C．arrives D．arrived【考点】一般现在时；语法一致．【答案】C【分析】他一到我就把礼物给他。【解答】根据句意：他一到我就把礼物给他。assoonas引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时，he接动词第三人称单数形式。故选：C。【点评】熟悉一般现在时的用法，结合题意，给出答案。8．（2022春•蠡县期中）Peoplealotofmeetingsbecauseofthedangerousillness.（）A．turnedoff B．setoff C．putoff D．tookoff【考点】动词短语．【答案】C【分析】因为危险的疾病，人们推迟了很多会议。【解答】turnoff关闭；setoff出发；putoff推迟；takeoff起飞；根据句意，因为危险的疾病，可知的推迟了很多会议。故选：C。【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。9．（2022秋•隆回县校级月考）﹣﹣﹣Hi，Bruce，whydoyoulooksotired？﹣﹣﹣Ilatetowatchthefootballgameslastnight．（）A．gotup B．stayedup C．wokeup D．cutup【考点】一般过去时．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】﹣你好，布鲁斯，你为什么看起来这么疲倦？﹣我昨天晚上看足球比赛熬夜到很晚．【解答】答案：B根据题意"你好，布鲁斯，你为什么看起来这么疲倦？﹣我昨天晚上看足球比赛熬夜到很晚"，可知熬夜看足球赛，结合选项，A．起床B．熬夜C．醒来D．切碎．故选：B．【点评】熟悉一般过去时的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．10．（2022春•康县期末）﹣﹣﹣DidTomdecidetothebeachforvacation？﹣﹣﹣Yes，hedid．Hereallylikesthesoftsandonthebeach．（）A．notgo B．going C．nottogo D．togo【考点】动词不定式．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】﹣﹣汤姆决定去海滩度假吗？﹣﹣是的，他决定了．他非常喜欢海滩上松软的沙子．【解答】根据Hereallylikesthesoftsandonthebeach，可知他真的很喜欢海滩上松软的沙子．由此判断上句是决定做某事，用decidetodosth表示．故选：D．【点评】考查谓语动词的判断及解析，其形式所接的名词有关，应根据具体名词选用合适的谓语动词；其次应该适当记忆并把我固定句式及结构，以此排除不必要的选项．二．完形填空（共1小题）11．（2022•都安县校级模拟）Maryisakindgirl.Frommiddleschooltocollege，shevolunteeredtohelpmanypeople.Sheoftengoestothehospitalto（1）Athesickpeopleonweekends.Andshereallyfelt（2）Cbecausesheunderstandsthattruehappinesscomesfromhelping（3）B.Forthreeyears，Marywenttoaprimaryschoolonceaweekto（4）DsomepupilswithmathandEnglish.Shecanstillrememberthe（5）Aofbeingateacher.Mostofall，shewashappythatthepupilsdidvery（6）Cinthemathtests.Shefeltgoodtobe（7）Bthechildren.Theylikedtotellhertheirdreamsorfutureplans.Shebecamenotonlytheirafterschool（8）Dbutalsotheirbestfriend.Lookingbacknow，shelearnedmuch（9）Afromthethreeyears'experiencethanshegavetothechildren.She'splanning（10）Convolunteeringinthefuture，becausesheknowsit'llbringhermorehappiness.（1）A．cheerupB．setupC．thinkupD．cleanup（2）A．funnyB．angryC．happyD．sad（3）A．anotherB．othersC．theotherD．theothers（4）A．learnB．tellC．meetD．help（5）A．feelingB．lookingC．tastingD．smelling（6）A．goodB．niceC．wellD．kind（7）A．forB．withC．ofD．by（8）A．brotherB．sisterC．workerD．teacher（9）A．moreB．lessC．betterD．worse（10）A．goingB．comingC．togoD．tocome【考点】记叙文．【答案】（1）﹣（5）ACBDA（6）﹣（10）CBDAC【分析】Mary是一个善良的姑娘，从中学到大学她自愿去帮助许多人，她常常在周未去医院鼓励病人，她感觉到幸福来自对别人的帮助。三年来她每周去一次一所小学帮助孩子们学习数学和英语，她感觉和孩子们在一起很幸福，她不仅是孩子们课下的老师，也是孩子们的朋友。她计划在将来做志愿者工作。【解答】（1）短语辨析。A.cheerup振作起来；B.setup建立；C.thinkup想出；D.cleanup打扫。根据shevolunteeredtohelpmanypeople.（她自愿去帮助许多人。）可知，她经常在周末去医院让病人振作起来。故选A。（2）形容词辨析。A.funny滑稽的；B.angry生气的；C.happy高兴的，幸福的；D.sad悲伤的。根据becausesheunderstandthattruehappinesscomesformhelpingothers.（因为她明白真正的幸福来自于帮助别人）可知，她真的很高兴。故选C。（3）代词辨析。A.another再一个，B.others其余的，后面不能再跟名词；C.theother两者中的另一个；D.theothers其余的，全部。此处是泛指，用others指代otherpeople，故答案为B。（4）动词辨析。A.learn学习；B.tell告诉；C.meet遇见；D.help帮助。根据Marywenttoaprimaryschoolonceaweek（玛丽每周去一次小学）可知，帮助一些学生学习数学和英语。helpsb.with在……方面帮助某人，故选D。（5）动名词辨析。A.feeling感觉；B.looking看；C.tasting品尝；D.smelling闻到。根据上文Marywenttoaprimaryschoolonceaweekto_____somepupilswithmathandEnglish.（玛丽每周去一次小学帮助一些学生学习数学和英语）可知，她仍然记得当老师的感觉。故选A。（6）副词辨析。A.good好的；B.nice美好的，愉快的；C.well好地；D.kind善良的。修饰动词did用副词well，其它都是形容词，dowellin在……方面学的好，他很高兴学生们在数学考试中表现得很好。故选C。（7）介词辨析。A.for为了；B.with与……一起；C.of……的；D.by被。根据bewithsb.（与某人在一起），可知，和孩子们在一起，她感到很高兴。故选B。（8）名词辨析。A.brother兄弟；B.sister姐妹；C.worker工人；D.teacher老师。根据Marywenttoaprimaryschoolonceaweekto_____somepupilswithmathandEnglish.（玛丽每周去一次小学帮助一些学生学习数学和英语）可知，她不仅成为了他们的课后教师，而且成为了他们最好的朋友。故选D。（9）比较级辨析。A.more更多的；B.less更少的；C.better更好的；D.worse更糟的。根据Lookingbacknow，shelearnedmuch___fromthethreeyears'experiencethanshegavetothechildren.（现在回想起来，她从三年的经历中学到的东西比她给孩子们的还要___。）可知，这里指她的生活阅历更加丰富。故选A。（10）不定式辨析。A.going去；B.coming来；C.togo去；D.tocome来。根据plantodosth.计划做某事；goondoingsth.继续做某事，可知，她打算将来继续做志愿者。故选C。【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。三．阅读理解（共2小题）12．（2022春•黄冈月考）Dearneighbors，NextSaturdayistheVolunteerDayofourcommunity（社区）.Hereistheplan.7：30a.m：MeetattheCommunityCenterforbreakfast.8：00a.m.﹣8：30a.m：Decidewhichofthefollowingorganizationsyou'dliketoworkfor.Youcanbeginthinkingaboutwhatyoumaywanttodonow.HappyHomes：Itprovides（提供）homerepairsforpeopleinneed.ElderCare：Itsendsvolunteerstooldpeople'shome.Volunteerscanplaygameswiththeoldpeoplethere，ortalkwiththem.CityParksAssociation：Itneedsvolunteerstohelpplantflowersandpickuptrash（垃圾）incityparks.Theseareoutdooractivities，soremembertobringsomedrinkingwater!LoveandLearning：Ithelpschildrenwithlearningdisabilities.Readbooksoutloudlytogroupsofchildrenandhelpthemwiththeirhomework.8：30a.m.一9：00a.m.：Getonthebusforyourchosenactivity，andridewiththeothervolunteerstoyouractivitysite（地点）.9：00a.m.一12：00p.m.：Workasavolunteer.12：00p.m.一1：00p.m.：Sharelunchwithyourvolunteergroup.1：00p.m.一3：30p.m.：Goonwithyourvolunteerwork.3：30p.m.：GetonthebusthatwilltakeyoubacktotheCommunityCenter.Youcantalkwithothervolunteersandshareyourexperiences.Toknowmoreinformation，pleasecall718﹣384﹣782.Wearelookingforwardtoyourjoining.CentralCommunity（1）WhatdovolunteersforHappyHomesdo？AA．Theyrepairhomes.B．Theycleanuphomes.C．Theyvisitoldpeople'shomes.D．Theycareforchildrenathomealone.（2）IfonechoosestoworkforCityParksAssociation，heneedstobringB.A．B．C．D．（3）Howwillvolunteersgototheiractivitysites？AA．Bybike.B．Bycar.C．Bybus.D．Bysubway.（4）VolunteerswillfinishtheirworkatD.A．1：00p.m.B．1：30p.m.C．3：00p.m.D．3：30p.m.（5）ThewriterwritesthispassagetoA.A．askpeopletodoVolunteerDayactivitiesB．showtheimportanceofvolunteeringC．describeavolunteeringexperienceD．tellpeoplehowtobeavolunteer【考点】日常生活；细节理解．【答案】ABADA【分析】文章描述了社区志愿者的工作内容，以及号召大家加入到这个集体中来。【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据原文Itprovides（提供）homerepairsforpeopleinneed.为有需要的人提供家庭维修服务。可知可以帮忙维修房屋。故选A。（2）B.细节理解题。根据原文Theseareoutdooractivities，soremembertobringsomedrinkingwater!可知需要自己带水。故选B。（3）A.细节理解题。根据原文ridewiththeothervolunteerstoyouractivitysite.与其他志愿者一起骑车前往活动现场。可知乘坐的交通工具是巴士。故选A。（4）D.细节理解题。根据原文3：30p.m.：GetonthebusthatwilltakeyoubacktotheCommunityCenter.下午3：30：坐巴士回到社区中心。可知是下午三点半完成工作。故选D。（5）A.目的意图题。根据原文Wearelookingforwardtoyourjoining.可知是邀请人们参与到志愿者日活动这个活动中来。故选A。【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。13．（2020春•衢州期末）Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood，takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapestwayisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.Thegeneralsleepingruleisthattheyoungeryouare，thelongersleepyouneed.Butregardlessof（不管）age，somepeopleneedtosleepmorewhileforsomeafewhoursisenough.AccordingtotheWHO，overhalfpeopleintheworldmaybesleep﹣deprived（睡眠不足的）.Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents.IntheUnitedStatesalone，sleepydriverscauseatleast100，000trafficaccidentsayear，Alsosleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure.Whyaresomanypeoplesleep﹣deprived？Partofthereasonsmaybecultural.InAmericanculture，peopleputahighervalueonworkthanonsleep.Also，youcansometimeshearsomepeoplesayproudlythattheydon'thavemuchtimetosleep.Theyonlysleepfourorfivehoursanight.Itseemsthatthelessyousleep，themoreworkyou'lldo.Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep？PerhapstheymaylistentotheadviceofDr.JamesMaas，anexpertinsleep.Hesays，"Sleepislikeacreditcard（信用卡）.Whenyousleepless，youareonlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback."Forthosewhovalueworkmorethansleep，theyshouldlistentowhatafamouspersonsaid，"Don'tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolishideaanditisheldbypeoplewithnoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore."（1）ThebestwaytokeephealthyisAaccordingtothepassage.A．tohavemoresleepB．todomoreexerciseC．togetmoremedicalhelpD．toeatmorehealthyfood（2）Inthewriter'sopinion，lesssleepmaycauseBmorelikely.①tiredness②trafficaccidents③foolishness④medialproblemsA．①②③B．①②④C．②③④D．①③④（3）Whatdoes"it"inparagraph4referto？AA．Time.B．Money.C．Creditcard.D．Work.（4）ThepurposeofthewritingistoD.A．helppeoplelearnaboutthefactsofsleepB．teachpeoplehowtosleepwellC．makepeopleinterestedinsleepD．tellpeopletheimportanceofsleep【考点】卫生与健康；细节理解；主旨大意；词句猜测．【答案】ABAD【分析】本文主要讲述了睡眠的重要性。文章说有很多方法可以帮助改善你的健康，比如吃健康的食物，锻炼身体和寻求医疗帮助，但是最简单和最便宜的方法就是每晚睡8个小时或更多。【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据文中"Buttheeasiestandcheapestwayisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.但是最简单最便宜的方法仅仅只是每晚睡够8个小时或更多。"故选A。（2）B.细节理解题。根据文中"Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents.睡眠不足不仅会使人们感到劳累，也会造成事故。"和最后一句Alsosleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure."睡眠不足也会造成医疗问题例如高血压。"由此可知，睡眠不足导致疲劳、交通事故和医疗问题，故选B。（3）A.词义猜测题。根据文中"Whenyousleepless，youareonlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback.当你睡眠不足时，你只是正在借时间。你总是必须要还回去。"可知，本句中it指代的是时间。故选A。（4）D.主旨大意题。根据Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood，takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapestwayisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.可知，有很多方法可以帮助改善你的健康，比如吃健康的食物，锻炼身体和寻求医疗帮助，但是最简单和最便宜的方法就是每晚睡8个小时或更多。根据本文大容，可知本文的主要目的是告诉人们睡眠的重要性，故选D。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。四．短文还原（共1小题）14．Thebattle（战斗）againstthenovelcoronavirus（新冠病毒）ison，It'snotjustabattlefordoctors，butalsoforeachofus.Herearesomeofthethingswecando，accordingtotheHandbookofPreventionandTreatment（防治知识手册）ofCOVID.19releasedbyDoctorDigitalGeneralHospital.•（1）CIfyouhaveto，remembertomaskup.Stayatleastonemeterawayfromotherpeople，especiallythosewhoarecoughingandsneezing.•（2）AMedicalmasksandN95masksareveryusefultostopthevirus，accordingtotheCenterforDiseaseControl.Remembertochangethemeveryfourhoursifyoukeepwearingthem.•（3）DDoitthreetimesadayfor15minutestohalfanhoureachtime.Properventilation（通风）canstopthevirusfrombuildingup.•（4）EDon'ttouchyoureyes，noseandmouthbeforewashingyourhands.Whenyouwashyourhands，userunningwaterandsoap.Rub（揉搓）yourhandstogetherfornolessthan15seconds.A.Wearmasksifnecessary.B.Havehealthyhabits.C.Don'tgotocrowdedplaces.D.Openwindowstoletfreshairinduringtheday.E.Remembertowashhandsproperly.（5）Pleasegiveonemoresuggestiononhowtoprotectourselves.（回答不多于5个单词）Don'teatwildanimals.【考点】卫生与健康；细节理解．【答案】CADEDon'teatwildanimals.【分析】短文讲了对抗新型冠状病毒，详细地介绍了一些防护的方法和建议。【解答】细节推理题。（1）C.根据后句"Ifyouhaveto，remembertomaskup.如果有必要，记得戴上口罩。"可知说的是远离人群，结合选项，应说不要去拥挤的地方。故选C。（2）A.根据后句"MedicalmasksandN95masksareveryusefultostopthevirus，accordingtotheCenterforDiseaseControl.疾病控制中心（CenterforDiseaseControl）称，医