青海省部分学校2025届高三下学期联合质量检测二模英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1青海省部分学校2025届高三下学期联合质量检测二模英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.AWhilethereislotstoloveaboutworld-renownedartmuseums,youdon’tnecessarilyneedtoleavetheUStoadmireincredibleworks.MuseumofModernArt(MoMA)|NewYorkCity.NYEstablishedbythreewomeninthe1920s,itdisplayssomeofthemostimpressiveartworksfromthe19th,20thand21stcenturies.Itspermanentcollectionincludessaxdepartments:architectureanddesign,drawingsandprints,film,mediaandperformance,paintingandsculpture,andphotography.HighlightsincludePicasso’sLesDemoisellesd’AvignonandVanGogh’sTheStarryNight.WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt|NewYorkCity,NYOfficiallyfoundedin1930,WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArtisanotherwoman-establishedartmuseum.Itnowholdsmorethan25,000piecesfromapproximately3,600artists:Yet,itsreputationhasrestedprimarilyonitstemporaryshows.BrooklynMuseum|Brooklyn.NYTheBrooklynMuseum’shistorybeganwiththe1823BrooklynApprenticesLibrary.Thelibrary-turnedinstitutionoffersearlyexhibitionsofpaintingandsculpture.Theexpansivecollectionseekstodisplayartistictraditionsfoundacrosstheglobe,includingworkfromEgypt,Europe,thePacificIslands,theAmericasandAfrica.FranconiaSculpturePark|Shafer,MNFoundedin1996,thiscooloutdoorartmuseumsitson50acresintheSt.CroixRiverValley.Visitorscanwalkaroundandseediverse,experimentalsculpturesonthegrassland.FranconiaSculptureParkisknownforitsuniqueblendofartandnature,featuringover100sculpturesbyartistsfromaroundtheworld.1.WhatdoMoMAandWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArthaveincommon?A.Theywerefoundedbywomen. B.TheydisplayVanGogh’sartworks.C.Theyarefamousfortheirtemporaryshows. D.Theyspecializeartworksfromthe19thcentury.2.Whichmuseumhasthelongesthistory?A.FranconiaSculpturePark. B.MuseumofModernArt.C.BrooklynMuseum. D.WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt.3.WhatisspecialaboutFranconiaSculpturePark?A.Itislocatedonariver. B.ItmainlydisplaysAfricansculptures.C.Itallowsvisitorstocreateworkson-site. D.Itprovidesanoutdoorartappreciationexperience.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国四个比较有名的博物馆。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据MuseumofModernArt(MoMA)|NewYorkCity.NY中的“Establishedbythreewomeninthe1920s,itdisplayssomeofthemostimpressiveartworksfromthe19th,20thand21stcenturies.(它由三位女性于20世纪20年代建立，展示了19世纪、20世纪和21世纪最令人印象深刻的艺术品。)”和WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt|NewYorkCity,NY中的“Officiallyfoundedin1930,WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArtisanotherwoman-establishedartmuseum.(惠特尼美国艺术博物馆正式成立于1930年，是另一家由女性建立的艺术博物馆。)”可知，这两个博物馆都是由女性建立的。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据MuseumofModernArt(MoMA)|NewYorkCity.NY中的“Establishedbythreewomeninthe1920s,itdisplayssomeofthemostimpressiveartworksfromthe19th,20thand21stcenturies.(它由三位女性于20世纪20年代建立，展示了19世纪、20世纪和21世纪最令人印象深刻的艺术品。)”、WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt|NewYorkCity,NY中的“Officiallyfoundedin1930,WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArtisanotherwoman-establishedartmuseum.(惠特尼美国艺术博物馆正式成立于1930年，是另一家由女性建立的艺术博物馆。)”、BrooklynMuseum|Brooklyn.NY中的“TheBrooklynMuseum’shistorybeganwiththe1823BrooklynApprenticesLibrary.(布鲁克林博物馆的历史始于1823年的布鲁克林学徒图书馆。)”、FranconiaSculpturePark|Shafer,MN中的“Foundedin1996,thiscooloutdoorartmuseumsitson50acresintheSt.CroixRiverValley.(这座酷炫的户外艺术博物馆建于1996年，坐落在圣克罗伊河谷，占地50英亩。)”可知，纽约的布鲁克林博物馆的历史最悠久。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据FranconiaSculpturePark|Shafer,MN中的“Foundedin1996,thiscooloutdoorartmuseumsitson50acresintheSt.CroixRiverValley.(这座酷炫的户外艺术博物馆建于1996年，坐落在圣克罗伊河谷，占地50英亩。)”可知，佛兰科尼亚雕塑公园的特别之处在于它是一个户外博物馆。故选D。BGratitude(感激)ispowerful.Iknowthisisn’tthefirsttimeyou’vebeenencouragedtoexplorethewordwithapromisethatgratitudewillenhanceyourlife,butwhenwehearsomethingoften,itcanseemantique.Inaworldwherewe’reconstantlylookingforwhat’snext,gratitudepracticesseemold-fashioned.But,weknowpracticinggratitudecanhavebenefits.Oneofmyfavouritewaystoshowgratitudeistoremembermylifemotto:Alwaystrytohelpothersasmuchasyoucan.Inmyexperience,thismeansyouhavetobelievethateveryonecanachievetheirdreamsandthatifyouhelpacolleaguesucceed,yousucceedtoo.Thismeansthatsuccessisn’taboutsteppingonotherstogettothetop;it’saboutworkingtogetherasacommunity.Italsomeansthatwecanbegratefulforwhatwehave,withoutfeelingjealous.Recently,I’vebeeninspiredbyascholar,SanaiGraden,whowentviralforlisteningtosomeoneinneed.Sheendedupraisingmoneytohelpthehomelessman.“IjusttreatpeoplehowIwanttobetreated,”Gradensays.“Imademydecisionbasedonthefactthatitwouldnotonlyaffectme,butalsothepeoplearoundme.”That’sakeypartofgratitude,andsomethingGradensaysshecentersinhercareer.“Idon’twanttobethetypeofpersonwhojustgetsby.Iwanttobethepersonwhoismakingcontributionsandhelpingothersthroughtheway.I’mnotonlygoingtowin,butI’mtakingpeoplewithmetowinaswell.”BeforeIstartedregularlypractisinggratitude,IthoughtitmeantbeinghappywithwhatIhaveandnotcomplaining.Thisismostlytrue.ButnowIthinkthatbeinggratefulalsoincludeshowweapproacheverypartofourlives,andhowweuseittohelpusgrow.4.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Gratitudepracticesareold-fashioned.B.Opponentscanpreventusfromsucceeding.C.Supportingothersisawayofexpressinggratitude.D.Successmeanshelpingothersrealizetheirdreams.5.WhyisSanaiGradenmentionedinthetext?A.Toillustratewhypeoplehelpthehomeless.B.Tomakeacomparisonwithotherpeople’sideas.C.Toexplainhowtobecomeacelebrityovernight.D.Tobeusedasanexampleofpracticinggratitude.6.WhatdoesSanaiGradenfocusoninhercareer?A.Stayingalive. B.Beingahelper. C.Beingaleader. D.Gettingthewin.7.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.GettingtotheToptoGetSuccess. B.Gratitude:BeingContentwithLife.C.ThePowerofGratitudeinAction. D.Success:AffectingOthersAroundYou.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者通过自己的人生格言来阐述感恩的实践方式，强调了成功并不意味着把他人当垫脚石，而是共同努力实现目标，并对所拥有的心存感激。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Oneofmyfavouritewaystoshowgratitudeistoremembermylifemotto:Alwaystrytohelpothersasmuchasyoucan.(我最喜欢的表达感激之情的方式之一是记住我的人生座右铭：尽你所能帮助别人。)”可知，作者认为表达感激的一个最喜欢的方式是尽可能帮助他人，即支持他人是表达感激的一种方式。故选C项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Recently,I’vebeeninspiredbyascholar,SanaiGraden,whowentviralforlisteningtosomeoneinneed.Sheendedupraisingmoneytohelpthehomelessman.(最近，我受到了一位学者的启发，她叫SanaiGraden，她因为倾听需要帮助的人的心声而走红。她最后筹钱来帮助那个无家可归的人。)”以及第四段中“That’sakeypartofgratitude,andsomethingGradensaysshecentersinhercareer.(这是感恩的关键部分，也是Graden说她在事业上的核心。)”可知，提到SanaiGraden是因为她倾听有需要的人并筹钱帮助无家可归的人，这是践行感恩的一个例子。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Idon’twanttobethetypeofpersonwhojustgetsby.Iwanttobethepersonwhoismakingcontributionsandhelpingothersthroughtheway.(我不想成为那种得过且过的人。我想成为一个做出贡献并帮助他人的人。)”可知，SanaiGraden不想只是勉强过得去，而是想成为做出贡献并帮助他人的人，所以她在职业生涯中关注的是成为一个帮助者。故选B项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Gratitude(感激)ispowerful.Iknowthisisn’tthefirsttimeyou’vebeenencouragedtoexplorethewordwithapromisethatgratitudewillenhanceyourlife,butwhenwehearsomethingoften,itcanseemantique.Inaworldwherewe’reconstantlylookingforwhat’snext,gratitudepracticesseemold-fashioned.But,weknowpracticinggratitudecanhavebenefits.(感恩是强大的。我知道这不是你第一次被鼓励去探索感恩这个词，并承诺感恩会改善你的生活，但是当我们经常听到一些东西时，它可能看起来很过时。在一个我们不断寻找未来的世界里，感恩的做法似乎已经过时了。但是，我们知道感恩是有好处的。)”可知，文章开篇指出感恩很有力量，接着通过作者自己的生活座右铭以及SanaiGraden的例子，阐述了感恩的具体表现和作用，强调了感恩在行动中的力量，C选项“ThePowerofGratitudeinAction”（行动中感恩的力量）符合文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选C项。CTinyblack-cappedchickadees(黑顶山雀)havegoodmemories.Theystorefoodinmanydifferentlocationsinthewild,andthenreturntotheseplaceswhenotherfoodsourcesarelow.Someresearchersthoughtthatneuronscalled“placecells”wouldexplainthesebirds’abilitytoremembertheirhiddenfood.Thesecellsencodeinformationaboutwherethingsare.Butrecently,ateamofresearchersfoundthateachtimeablack-cappedchickadeehidesaseedinaspecificlocation,auniquebrainpatternappearsinthehippocampus(海马体)—separatefromplacecells.SelmaanChettih,aneuroscientistfromColumbiaUniversity,comparedittoabarcode(条形码).“Thehippocampuswaslikeaflippedswitch.Thisnewpatternofactivitywasdifferentfromtheplacecells,”Chettihsays.Toobservethis,Chettihbuiltaspecialareawithfeedersfullofsunflowerseedsinthecorners.Heputwoodenperches(栖息处)allovertheplacewithsmallflapswherebirdscouldhideseeds.Thescientistsputtinyprobesintothechickadees’brainsandtrackedactivityintheirmemoryareas.Eachtimeabirdhidaseedunderaflap,aspecialbrainpatternappeared,likeabarcode.Eachbirdhaditsownuniquebrainpatternforeachtimeithidaseed.Whenthebirdsrevisitedthesesitesandrecoveredthehiddenseeds,thesamebarcode-likepatternmaterializedagain,asthoughalltheinformationabouteachlocationandseedwaslinkedtoauniquebrainpattern.Theresearcherscomparedthesememoriestohumans’memoriesofspecificeventsorpersonalexperiences.Theyareessentialtohowhumansdefinethemselvesandbindtogethermomentsintime,people,placesandsensoryinformation.Butthemechanismforhowthisbindinghappensisstillunclear.Chettihsaysit’sdifficulttoknowexactlywhenananimalisformingamemory.However,thefactthatthisseed-hidingbehaviorfollowsaclearpatternmayhelpscientiststounderstandhowthebrainmakesandstoresmemories.8.Whatcanweknowaboutthechickadeesfromparagraph1?A.Theyareabletofindtheirhiddenfood. B.Theyaregoodatrememberingbarcodes.C.Theyhavebettermemoriesthanhumans. D.Theylackthehippocampiintheirbrains.9.Whichaspectoftheresearchdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Itsfunction. B.Itsapplication. C.Itstheory. D.Itsprocess.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“materialized”inparagraph3mean?A.Changed. B.Appeared. C.Decreased. D.Failed.11.Whatdoestheauthorexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Thesecretofchickadees’memories.B.Thedifficultyindoingtheresearch.C.Theneedtofurtherresearchbirds’memories.D.Themeaningofstudyingtheseed-hidingbehavior.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员对黑顶山雀藏食记忆能力的研究，发现其藏食时有独特大脑模式，还提及研究该行为对理解大脑记忆的意义。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theystorefoodinmanydifferentlocationsinthewild,andthenreturntotheseplaceswhenotherfoodsourcesarelow.(它们在野外许多不同的地方储存食物，然后在其他食物来源匮乏时回到这些地方)”可知，黑顶山雀能够找到它们藏起来的食物。故选A项。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Toobservethis,Chettihbuiltaspecialareawithfeedersfullofsunflowerseedsinthecorners.Heputwoodenperchesallovertheplacewithsmallflapswherebirdscouldhideseeds.Thescientistsputtinyprobesintothechickadees’brainsandtrackedactivityintheirmemoryareas.(为了观察这一现象，切蒂赫建造了一个特殊区域，角落放着装满向日葵种子的喂食器。他在各处放置了带有小翻盖的木质栖息处，鸟儿可以在那里藏种子。科学家们将微小的探针插入山雀的大脑，追踪它们记忆区域的活动)”可知，这一段主要讲述了研究的过程。故选D项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Eachtimeabirdhidaseedunderaflap,aspecialbrainpatternappeared,likeabarcode.(每次鸟儿把种子藏在翻盖下时，就会出现一种特殊的大脑图案，就像条形码一样)”可知，鸟儿藏种子时大脑中会出现特殊图案，就像条形码一样，用于记录。结合划线词所在句“Whenthebirdsrevisitedthesesitesandrecoveredthehiddenseeds,thesamebarcodelikepatternmaterializedagain(当鸟儿再次回到这些地方并找回藏起来的种子时，同样的类似条形码的模式再次……)”中“thesamebarcodelikepattern”可推知，当鸟儿回到最初藏种子的地方，作记录用的条码就会“出现”，帮助它找回种子。由此推知，划线词materialized的意思是“出现”，和B项appeared相近。故选B项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However,thefactthatthisseedhidingbehaviorfollowsaclearpatternmayhelpscientiststounderstandhowthebrainmakesandstoresmemories.(然而，这种藏种子行为遵循明确模式这一事实可能有助于科学家了解大脑如何形成和储存记忆)”可知，作者表达了研究黑顶山雀藏食行为的意义，即有助于科学家了解大脑如何形成和储存记忆。故选D项。DInaBritishwriter’sessaywrittenin1891,heimaginedafuture,notunliketheoneweareimaginingtodayintheageofartificialintelligence,wheremachineswouldundertakeallformsoflabour.Andhumankindwouldenjoyaleisuredlife,withpeoplespendingtheirdayspainting,composingandwritingpoetry.Idealisticasitis,thewriter’sfantasycapturesthecoreofthehumanities(人文学科)toourexistence.Peopleturnedtomusic,artandliteraturetofilltheirtime,torelieveloneliness,andtoprovidedistractionsfromthefears.Therefore,thehumanitiesareworthyofscholarlyattentionandresearchfunding,althoughthisisnotthecaserightnow.Thehumanitiesareattheheartofthewayswerespondtoeverysituation,fromrelationshipsandillnesstothehorrorsofglobalwarming.Scholarsworkingintheenvironmentalhumanitiesdoessentialresearchthatinformsscientificthinking.Forexample,bylookingatAnthonyTrollope’srecordofhisvisittoAustraliaandNewZealandintheearly1870s,wecanlearnalotabouthowEuropeanfarmingtechniquesbeganaprocessofecologicaldamage,whoseeffectsareongoing.Researchersalsousedtoexamineliteraryresponsestobushfires.Surprisingly,thiscaughttheinterestoffirescientistsandhistoriansbecausethestoriestheresearchersunearthedoffereddirectevidenceofchangingfiremanagementsystems.Fire-affectedcommunitieswerealsodrawntotheworkbecauseitreflectedtheirownexperiences.Morebroadly,workingonthehistory,literatureandemotionalresponsestonaturaldisastersisessentialinanearthquake-pronenationlikeours.Humanitiesresearchcanbevitalduringtimesofcrisis.Theworkofmusicologistcolleagues,whoseresearchwithdementiachoirsisofhugesignificanceinidentifyingstrategiestoslowtheeffectsofconditionssuchasAlzheimer’sdisease.Themedicalhumanitieshavebeenimportantinunderstandingtheculturaleffectsandrepresentationsofdisease.Thehumanitieshelpusunderstandidentityandconflict,andtheypromoteempathyandwell-being.Thehumanitieshavebeenlackingfundfordecades,yetthefieldstillproducesworld-classresearch.Justimaginethecontributionresearcherscouldmakeiftheirworkwasmorehighlyvalued.12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bygivingadefinition. B.Byexplainingsomereasons.C.Bydescribingaphenomenon. D.Byquotingawriter’simagination.13.Whatisthecoreofthehumanities?A.Assistingustodevelopfarmingtechniques.B.Enhancingouracademicresearchcapability.C.Helpinguscopewithvarioustrickysituations.D.Improvingourabilitytodealwithnaturaldisasters.14.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthehumanitiesresearchinnaturaldisasters?A.It’ssignificant. B.It’schallenging. C.It’scostly. D.It’sadvanced.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Togivesomeexamplesofthehumanities.B.Tocallformoreattentiontothehumanities.C.Totellusthehistoryofhumanitiesresearch.D.Toshowtheresearchfindingsofthehumanities.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章开篇以1891年英国作家设想的未来场景引入，即机器承担劳动，人类以艺术创作等方式享受悠闲生活，指出这一设想体现了人文学科对人类生存的核心意义，即人们借音乐、艺术和文学来充实时间、缓解孤独、排解恐惧，强调人文学科值得学术关注与资金支持，却未得到相应对待。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“InaBritishwriter’sessaywrittenin1891,heimaginedafuture...wheremachineswouldundertakeallformsoflabour.Andhumankindwouldenjoyaleisuredlife,withpeoplespendingtheirdayspainting,composingandwritingpoetry.(在一位英国作家1891年写的文章中，他想象了一个未来，与我们今天在人工智能时代想象的未来没有什么不同，在这个时代，机器将承担所有形式的劳动。人类将享受悠闲的生活，人们每天都在画画、作曲和写诗。)”，作者通过引用一位英国作家在1891年文章中的想象，引出了关于人文学科的话题。故选D项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thehumanitiesareattheheartofthewayswerespondtoeverysituation,fromrelationshipsandillnesstothehorrorsofglobalwarming.(人文学科是我们应对各种情况的核心，从人际关系、疾病到全球变暖的恐怖。)”可知，人文学科的核心是帮助我们应对各种棘手的情况，从人际关系、疾病到全球变暖等问题。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Morebroadly,workingonthehistory,literatureandemotionalresponsestonaturaldisastersisessentialinanearthquake-pronenationlikeours.(更广泛地说，在像我们这样一个地震多发的国家，研究历史、文学和对自然灾害的情感反应是必不可少的。)”可推知，作者认为在自然灾害方面的人文学科研究是非常重要的。故选A项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Thehumanitieshavebeenlackingfundfordecades,yetthefieldstillproducesworld-classresearch.Justimaginethecontributionresearcherscouldmakeiftheirworkwasmorehighlyvalued.(几十年来，人文学科一直缺乏资金，但该领域仍能产生世界级的研究成果。想象一下，如果研究人员的工作得到更大的重视，他们将做出多大的贡献。)”可知，文章介绍了人文学科在帮助人们应对各种情况、在自然灾害研究以及危机时刻的重要作用，最后提到人文学科几十年来缺乏资金，但如果能得到更多重视，研究人员能做出更大贡献，所以作者的目的是呼吁更多人关注人文学科。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Afieldtripisaneducationalexcursion(远足)outsideoftheclassroomenvironment.It’sanopportunityforstudentstogainfirst-handexperiencewiththematerialtheyarelearninginclass.Fieldtripscantakeplaceatsettingslikemuseums,historicsitesandnaturecenters.____16____Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,studentsnowcanexplorefarawayplaceswithouteverleavingtheirclassroom.____17____Theyhelpstudentsseehowwhattheylearninbooksconnectstotheworldaroundthem.However,therearebothbenefitsandchallengesassociatedwithfieldtripsthatmustbeconsideredbeforeplanningone.Themostobviousbenefitoffieldtripsisthattheygivestudentsthechancetoexperiencethematerialtheyarelearninginclassinareal-worldsetting.Accordingtoastudy.“Fieldtripsprovidestudentswithexperiencesthatcannotbereplicated(复制)intheclassroom.”____18____It’sfoundthatstudentswhogoonfieldtripsaremorelikelytorememberthematerialtheylearnthanthosewhodon’tgoonthetrip.Despitetheirbenefits,fieldtripscanpresentsomechallenges.Oneofthebiggestchallengesassociatedwithfieldtripsisthecost.Dependingonwhereyouaretravelingandthesizeofyourgroup,theexpensescanquicklyaddup.Additionally,findingthetimetoplanandconductasuccessfulfieldtripcanbedifficultforteachers.____19____Safetyisanotherissuethatmustbeconsideredwhenplanningafieldtrip.____20____Thisincludeshavingenoughadultstoaccompanythestudentsandmakingsuretheyaretrainedinfirstaidandemergencyprocedures.A.Theycanalsobeconductedvirtually.B.Teachersarealwayshavingafullschedule.C.Planningasuccessfulfieldtriprequiresvariousabilities.D.Fieldtripsplayanimportantroleinschooleducationactivities.E.Besides,fieldtripscanalsohelptoengagestudents’interestintheirstudy.F.It’sessentialtohaveaplantoensurethatallstudentsaremonitoredatalltimes.G.Directinteractionwithnaturefostersaprofoundappreciationfortheenvironment.【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.B20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了实地考察的好处和挑战。【16题详析】根据下文“Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,studentsnowcanexplorefarawayplaceswithouteverleavingtheirclassroom.(随着科技的发展，学生们现在不用离开教室就可以探索遥远的地方)”可知，可以虚拟地进行实地考查，A项“它们也可以以虚拟方式进行”符合语境，故选A。【17题详析】根据下文“Theyhelpstudentsseehowwhattheylearninbooksconnectstotheworldaroundthem.(它们帮助学生了解他们在书本上学到的东西是如何与他们周围的世界联系起来的)”可知，本段是讲述实地考查对于学生的作用，D项“实地考察在学校教育活动中起着重要作用”符合语境，故选D。【18题详析】上文“Accordingtoastudy.“Fieldtripsprovidestudentswithexperiencesthatcannotbereplicated(复制)intheclassroom.”(据一项研究，“实地考察为学生提供了在课堂上无法复制的体验。”)”是说实地考查的好处，E项“此外，实地考察也有助于提高学生的学习兴趣”进一步阐述其好处，且与下文“It’sfoundthatstudentswhogoonfieldtripsaremorelikelytorememberthematerialtheylearnthanthosewhodon’tgoonthetrip.(研究发现，参加过实地考察的学生比没有参加过实地考察的学生更容易记住所学的知识)”提到的研究呼应，故选E。【19题详析】上文“Additionally,findingthetimetoplanandconductasuccessfulfieldtripcanbedifficultforteachers.(此外，找时间计划和组织一次成功的实地考察对教师来说是很困难)”提到，找时间计划和组织一次成功的实地考察对教师来说是很困难，B项“老师的日程总是排得满满的”说明上文原因，老师的日程安排得很满，所以很难找时间组织实地考查，故选B。【20题详析】根据上文“Safetyisanotherissuethatmustbeconsideredwhenplanningafieldtrip.(安全是规划野外旅行时必须考虑的另一个问题)”和下文“Thisincludeshavingenoughadultstoaccompanythestudentsandmakingsuretheyaretrainedinfirstaidandemergencyprocedures.(这包括有足够的成年人陪伴学生，并确保他们接受过急救和紧急程序的培训)”可知，本段是说要保证实地考查的安全，F项“有一个计划来确保所有学生在任何时候都受到监控是很重要的”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)WhenIwasachild,Imetmycousin,Bruce,whowasfiveyearsolderthanme.Thoughourfamilieshad____21____backgrounds,wequicklybecamefriends.Bruce’sdadwasseverelydisabled,andit____22____hislifeinmanyways.Bruceandhismomfaced____23____fromthecommunity,buthealways____24____itwithstrength.Oneevening,afterabirthdayparty,BruceandIwereplayingagametoseewhocouldkeepabookontheirheadthelongest.Iwasdoingwell,butthenBrucelightly____25____mywrist.Ilost____26____andthebookfell.Iaccusedhimofcheating.Bruce____27____explained,“Ididn’tcheat.Ionlytappedyourwrist.Youletit____28____yourselfandlostthegame.”Hiswordsmademethinkcarefully.Brucetoldmehow____29____itwaswhenpeoplecalledhimnamesbecauseofhisdad’sdisability.Hesaid,“Iwantto_____30_____,butIknowitwouldonlymakethingsworse.Ihavetostay·_____31_____andfocusedandmoveforward.”Inodded,thoughIcouldn’tfully_____32_____hisfeelings.Overtime,wegrewapart,butIneverforgotthat_____33_____.Eventhoughwedon’tkeepintouchnow,Istillrememberthebook,balancingonmyhead,a_____34_____ofthestrengthheshowedinthefaceofdifficulty.IhopeheknowshowmuchIappreciatehim.Hisquiet_____35_____taughtmemorethananytextbook.21.A.familiar B.successful C.reliable D.different22.A.examined B.affected C.assessed D.improved23.A.challenges B.honors C.requirements D.promotions24.A.remembered B.believed C.handled D.judged25.A.touched B.compared C.matched D.watched26.A.excuse B.courage C.focus D.talent27.A.madly B.proudly C.shyly D.calmly28.A.copy B.surprise C.change D.cure29.A.hurtful B.careful C.confusing D.simple30.A.goaway B.benddown C.setout D.fightback31.A.regretful B.strong C.grateful D.nervous32.A.grasp B.replace C.predict D.record33.A.lecture B.request C.gift D.lesson34.A.principle B.secret C.reminder D.platform35.A.duty B.promise C.wisdom D.threat【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.A26.C27.D28.B29.A30.D31.B32.A33.D34.C35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者儿时与表哥布鲁斯相处的经历，以及布鲁斯在面对困难时所展现出的坚强和智慧对作者产生的深远影响。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们的家庭背景不同，但我们很快就成了朋友。A.familiar熟悉的；B.successful成功的；C.reliable可靠的；D.different不同的。根据下文“Bruce’sdadwasseverelydisabled”以及“whenpeoplecalledhimnamesbecauseofhisdad’sdisability”可知，作者和布鲁斯的家庭背景是不同的。故选D。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：布鲁斯的父亲有严重的残疾，这在很多方面影响了他的生活。A.examined检查；B.affected影响；C.assessed评估；D.improved改进。根据上文“Bruce’sdadwasseverelydisabled”可知，布鲁斯的父亲重度残疾，这自然会在很多方面影响他的生活。故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：布鲁斯和他的妈妈面临着来自社区的挑战，但他总是用自己的力量来应对。A.challenges挑战；B.honors荣誉；C.requirements要求；D.promotions升职。根据上文“Bruce’sdadwasseverelydisabled”可知，Bruce的父亲是残疾人，因此Bruce和妈妈会因照顾残疾的父亲而面临很多挑战。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：布鲁斯和他的妈妈面临着来自社区的挑战，但他总是用自己的力量来应对。A.remembered记得；B.believed信心；C.handled处理，应对；D.judged评判。根据下文“withstrength”可知，此处Bruce需要用自己的力量还因对这些挑战。故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我做得很好，但布鲁斯轻轻地碰了一下我的手腕。A.touched碰触；B.compared对比；C.matched匹配；D.watched观看。根据下文“Ididn’tcheat.Ionlytappedyourwrist.”可知，此处Bruce反驳说只是拍了一下，因此作者认为Bruce碰到了自己，导致书的掉落。故选A。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我失去了专注，书掉了下来。A.excuse借口；B.courage勇气；C.focus专注；D.talent天赋。根据后文“andthebookfell”可知，因为失去了专注，所以书掉了下来。故选C。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：布鲁斯平静地解释说：“我没有作弊。我只是轻拍了一下你的手腕。是你自己让它掉下来，输了比赛。”A.madly疯狂地；B.proudly自豪地；C.shyly害羞地；D.calmly冷静地。根据下文“Ididn’tcheat.Ionlytappedyourwrist.”以及下文“Hisquiet_____taughtmemorethananytextbook.”可知，Bruce在给作者解释原因，quiet一词暗示了Bruce此处在冷静的解释。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：布鲁斯平静地解释说：“我没有作弊。我只是轻拍了一下你的手腕。是你自己让它掉下来，输了比赛。”A.copy复制；B.surprise使……惊讶，使……意外；C.change改变；D.cure治愈。根据下文“yourselfandlostthegame”可知，布鲁斯说作者自己让书掉下来，输了比赛，即作者自己让这意外发生了。故选B。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：布鲁斯告诉我，当人们因为他爸爸的残疾而骂他时，他有多难过。A.hurtful伤害的；B.careful仔细的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.simple简单的。根据后文“whenpeoplecalledhimnamesbecauseofhisdad’sdisability”可知，因为父亲残疾而被人辱骂，这对布鲁斯来说是受到伤害的。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他说：“我想反击，但我知道那只会让事情变得更糟。A.goaway走开；B.benddown弯腰；C.setout出发；D.fightback反击。根据下文“butIknowitwouldonlymakethingsworse”可知，布鲁斯想反击，但知道那只会让事情变得更糟。故选D。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我必须保持坚强和专注，继续前进。A.regretful后悔的；B.strong坚强的；C.grateful感激的；D.nervous紧张的。根据上文“buthealways____itwithstrength”可知，布鲁斯总是保持坚强。故选B。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我点了点头，尽管我不能完全理解他的感受。A.grasp抓住，理解；B.replace替换；C.predict预测；D.record记录。根据上文“Inodded,though”可知，作者认可Bruce对待挑战的做法，though一词暗示，虽然认可他的做法，但是不完全理解他的感受。故选A。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我们渐渐疏远了，但我从未忘记那个教训。A.lecture演讲；B.request请求；C.gift礼物；D.lesson教训。根据下文“Eventhoughwedon’tkeepintouchnow,Istillrememberthebook,balancingonmyhead”可知，作者仍然记得当初头顶顶书这个游戏以及游戏给自己带来的经验教训。故选D。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们现在不联系了，但我仍然记得那本书，它平衡在我的头上，提醒着我在面对困难时他所展现出的坚强。A.principle原则；B.secret秘密；C.reminder提醒物；D.platform平台。根据下文“ofthestrengthheshowedinthefaceofdifficulty”可知，那本书成为了提醒作者布鲁斯在面对困难时所展现出的坚强的提醒物。故选C。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的沉着智慧比任何教科书都教会了我更多。A.duty责任；B.promise承诺；C.wisdom智慧；D.threat威胁。根据下文“taughtmemorethananytextbook”可知，布鲁斯的沉着智慧比任何教科书都教会了作者更多。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Armedwithadvancedtools,ateamof“treedoctors”navigatesthroughthecrowdsinaparktoreachitslatestpatient—anoldtree____36____hasstoodthetestoftimeforover1,700years.SimilartoahumanCTscan,theteamusesspecializedsoftwareto____37____(visual)theconditioninsidethetrunk,estimatetheextentofthedecayandcreatea3Dmodelofthetreetorecorditskeydata,suchas____38____(high),crownwidthandtrunkdiameter.Withinhalf____39____hour,thehealthcheckiscomplete—aroutinepartoftheteam’sfieldwork.Onaverage,theycaninspect____40____leastfourtofiveoldtreeseachday.____41____(enhance)theprotectionofvaluableancienttrees,theChengduBotanicalGardenformedtheancienttreedoctorteamin2014.Sincethen,theteam____42____(conduct)healthassessmentsonmorethan5,000ancienttreesthroughoutthecity.However,conductinghealthchecksonthemisatallorder.Theteam____43____(frequent)encountersdangerslikeinsectsandsnakesinremoteareas.Butthe____44____(big)challengeisoftenjustlocatingthetrees.Sometreesarehiddenawayinabandonedschoolyards,whileothersnearcliffsideswithnoaccessiblepaths,______45______(make)theirpreservationeffortsevenmoredemanding.Despitehardships,theworkisextremelyrewarding.【答案】36.that##which37.visualize