湖南省娄底市2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省娄底市2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcometoourschool.Youcandoalotofthingshere.Comeandjoinus.TimetableSunday8:30—11:30PersonalInventionsYoucanseemanyinventionsbythestudents;youmayalsobringyourowninventions.Monday19:00—21:00SpaceandManDr.ThomasWestIfyouwanttoknowmoreabouttheuniverse(宇宙),youcancome.Wednesday19:30—21:00ModernMedicineMrs.LucyGreenWouldyouliketoknowmedicalscience?Friday18:30—21:00ComputerScienceMr.HarryMorisonfromHarvardUniversityofUSALearntouseWindowsXP.1.Whencanyouprobablyhaveachancetointroduceyourinventions?A.OnSunday. B.OnMonday. C.OnWednesday. D.OnFriday.2.WheredoesthepersonwhoteachesComputerSciencecomefrom?A.Canada. B.Australia. C.NewZealand.D.America.3.Whencanyougototheclassifyouwanttolearnsomethingaboutsatellites(卫星)?A.From8:30to11:30onSunday. B.From19:00to21:00onMonday.C.From19:30to21:00onWednesday. D.From18:30to21:00onFriday.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了学校开设的四个课程的具体信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Sunday的课程介绍和“Youcanseemanyinventionsbythestudents;youmayalsobringyourowninventions.(你可以看到学生们的许多发明；你也可以带上你自己的发明)”可知，你在周日的课程上有机会介绍自己的发明。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Friday的课程介绍“ComputerScience”和“Mr.HarryMorisonfromHarvardUniversity(哈佛大学的哈里·莫里森先生)”可知，教电脑科学的Mr.HarryMorison来自哈佛大学，即来自美国。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Monday的课程介绍“19:00—21:00”、“SpaceandMan”和“Ifyouwanttoknowmoreabouttheuniverse(宇宙)(如果你想更多地了解宇宙)”可知，周一19:00—21:00的课程是关于宇宙方面的知识，适合想要了解卫星的人参加。故选B。BHighschoolendedandallIrememberedwasfeelingstuck.Mostofmypeers(同龄人)hadpickedouttheirmajorsandsomeevenplannedtheircareers.ButIwasstillwonderingaboutthat.I’vealwaysenjoyedwritingbutdidn’tknowhowtomakeacareeroutofit.Afterresearchingmyoptions,suchasjournalism,IthoughtProfessionalCommunicationscouldimprovemywritingskillsandleadmetoacareerinbusiness.Withthat,Isentinmyapplication,wasacceptedandstartedpreparingformyfirsttermofuniversity.Whencourseintentionsrolledaround,Ibeganlookingatthelistofminors.Marketingcaughtmyattention.Itwouldcomplement(补充)mycommunicationsdegreewhileprovidingmewiththenecessarybusinesscoursesthatwereoutsideoftheprogram.Withouthesitation,Ischeduledmarketingintomystudies,withthegoalofusingthatnewfoundknowledgetoaccompanythetechnicalskillsthatmymajorwouldprovidemewith.Myschoolyearbeganinaprettytypicalway:theorientationweek(迎新周),joiningclubsandmeetingnewpeople.Astimewenton,Ifoundmyselfenjoyingthemarketingcoursesmorethanthecommunicationscourses,anditwasthenthatIfirstbegantoconsidermakingachange.Finally,Ispokewithafriendwhohadswitchedtoadifferentmajor,andhiswordsofencouragementwerethefinalpushIneededtogothroughwiththedecision.Afewdayslater,Isentinmyapplication,andsoonIreceivedmyacceptanceletter.I’venowbeengiftedwithawonderfulstarttotheyear,andIcouldn’tbehappieraboutmakingthechange.Ifeellesspressuredto“findmyself”andcanput110%effortintomystudies.Anotetohighschoolstudents:Universitybringswithitaloadofnewbeginningsandself-reflection.It’sperfectlyfinetocomeintouniversitythinkingyouwantonethingandfindingoutalongthewaythatitmightnotbetherightpathforyou.4.Whywastheauthoratalossafterhighschool?A.Shesufferedfromalackofconfidence.B.Shefellbehindherpeersinperformance.C.Shewasafraidtochooseawronguniversity.D.Shestruggledtodecideafuturedirection.5.Whichaspectofmarketingattractedtheauthor?A.Itsbusinesscourses. B.Itsexcitingcareeropportunities.C.Itsstressontechnicalskills. D.Itscoursesrelatedtowriting.6.Whatledtheauthortothinkaboutchanginghermajor?A.Theactiveencouragementfromafriend.B.Reducedinterestincommunications.C.Thegrowingpassionformarketingcourses.D.Accesstonumerousnewopportunities.7.Whatdoestheauthoradvisehighschoolstudentstodo?A.Thinktwiceaboutmajorselection.B.Beopentochangingacademicpaths.C.Concentratealltheireffortsonstudy.D.Engageinself-reflectionconsistently.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中毕业后选专业和大学期间更换专业的心路历程。作者通过自身经历告诉读者，大学不仅是学术学习场所，更是个人探索和自我发现的舞台，鼓励学生在大学期间探索和发现适合自己的道路。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“HighschoolendedandallIrememberedwasfeelingstuck.Mostofmypeers(同龄人)hadpickedouttheirmajorsandsomeevenplannedtheircareers.ButIwasstillwonderingaboutthat.(高中结束了，我只记得被困住了。我的大多数同龄人都选择了自己的专业，有些人甚至计划了自己的职业生涯。但我仍对此感到疑惑。)”可知，作者在高中毕业后感到迷茫主要是因为她在确定未来方向上遇到了难题。故选D项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Itwouldcomplement(补充)mycommunicationsdegreewhileprovidingmewiththenecessarybusinesscoursesthatwereoutsideoftheprogram.Withouthesitation,Ischeduledmarketingintomystudies,withthegoalofusingthatnewfoundknowledgetoaccompanythetechnicalskillsthatmymajorwouldprovidemewith.(它将补充我的沟通学位，同时为我提供课程之外的必要商业课程。我毫不犹豫地将市场营销纳入我的学习计划，目的是利用新学到的知识来配合我的专业将为我提供的技术技能。)”可知，作者认为市场营销能够作为她传播学学位的补充，同时也能提供课程之外的必要的商业知识，也就是说市场营销对作者的吸引力主要在于它的商业课程。故选A项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Astimewenton,Ifoundmyselfenjoyingthemarketingcoursesmorethanthecommunicationscourses,anditwasthenthatIfirstbegantoconsidermakingachange.(随着时间的推移，我发现自己更喜欢营销课程而不是沟通课程，就在那时，我第一次开始考虑做出改变。)”可知，作者在大学期间发现自己更喜欢营销课程，而不是最初选择的传播学课程，这促使作者考虑转专业。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It’sperfectlyfinetocomeintouniversitythinkingyouwantonethingandfindingoutalongthewaythatitmightnotbetherightpathforyou.(进入大学时，你认为自己想要一件事，但一路上发现这可能不是你的正确选择，这是完全可以的。)”以及结合作者转专业的经历及其对待转专业的态度“Icouldn’tbehappieraboutmakingthechange(做出改变，我高兴极了)”可推断，作者建议高中生对在大学中改变初衷或者改变学术道路（转专业）持开放态度。故选B项。CEnglishisanexcellentlanguagetolearn,whetherit’sforbusiness,travelorpersonalreasons.HerearesomeimportantwaystoimproveyourspokenEnglish.Whenyouhavetimetospeak,justtryyourbesttopractice.Don’twaituntilyou“feelmorecomfortable”speakinginEnglish,sostartspeakingEnglishtoday.You’llbesurprisedathowquicklyyourlanguageskillsimprove.FindanativeEnglishspeakerwhoiswillingtospendsometimespeakingEnglishwithyou—youmaybeabletoofferthemalanguageexchange,wheretheyspend30minutesspeakingEnglishwithyouandyouspend30minutesspeakingyournativelanguagewiththem.Evenifyouhaveagoodknowledgeofthegrammarandvocabulary,nativeEnglishspeakersmayfindit’sverydifficulttounderstandifyoudon’tworkonyourpronunciation.Correct,clearpronunciationisnecessaryifyoureallywanttoimproveyourEnglish.ListencloselytohownativeEnglishspeakerspronouncecertainwordsandsoundsanddoyourbesttocopythem.ThewideryourvocabularyandthemoreEnglishphrasesyoulearn,theeasierspeakingEnglishwillbecome.Onceyouhavelearnedanewwordorphrase,youshouldmakeanefforttouseitinasentence—thisisthebestwaytokeepitinmind.YoushouldalsostartanotebookofphrasesthatEnglishspeakersuseallthetime.AnothergreatwaytoaddsomemoreEnglishconversationintoyourweeklypracticeistosignupforaclassofdiscussiongroup.AttendinganEnglishclassisagreatwaytopayattentiontosomeofthemoreformalaspectsofspeakingEnglish.Aclasswillteachyouthecorrectwayofspeaking.AttendingadiscussiongroupisamoreinformalandrelaxedwayoflearningEnglish,wheretheemphasis(重点)ismoreoncommunicationandrelationshipbuildingthanonspeaking“correct”English.8.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.WaysofimprovingyourspokenEnglishB.EnglishisanexcellentlanguagetolearnC.EnglishisusefulforbusinessandtravelsD.HowtolearnEnglishgrammarclearly9.Thewritersuggestedpeoplestartpracticingwhen________.A.theyfeelcomfortable B.theymeetthesurprisingthingC.theyhaveanytime D.theyimprovetheirlanguageskills10.Whatisthebestwaytoimprovethepronunciation?A.Justrememberthegrammar.B.Makesurehowwordsarereadandcopythem.C.Trythebesttorememberthespellingofthewords.D.SpeakEnglishwhenyou“feelmorecomfortable”.11.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_________.A.it’snotnecessarytofindanativeEnglishspeakerwithwhomyoucanpracticespeakingEnglishB.nativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandyoueasilyifyouhaveagoodknowledgeofgrammarandvocabularyC.AnEnglishpartyisagoodplacewhereyoucanlearnthecorrectwayofspeakingD.Usinganewwordorphraseinasentenceisthebestwaytomemorizeit【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了提高英语口语水平的一些方法。【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段主题句“HerearesomeimportantwaystoimproveyourspokenEnglish.(这里有一些提高英语口语的重要方法。)”可知这篇文章主要讲了提高英语口语水平的一些方法。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Whenyouhavetimetospeak,justtryyourbesttopractice.Don’twaituntilyou“feelmorecomfortable”speakinginEnglish,sostartspeakingEnglishtoday.(当你有时间说话时，就尽力练习。不要等到你觉得说英语“更舒服”了，所以今天就开始说英语吧。)”可知作者建议人们一有时间就开始练习说英语。故选C项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Correct,clearpronunciationisnecessaryifyoureallywanttoimproveyourEnglish.ListencloselytohownativeEnglishspeakerspronouncecertainwordsandsoundsanddoyourbesttocopythem.(正确、清晰的发音是必要的，如果你真的想提高你的英语。仔细听以英语为母语的人如何发音，尽最大努力去模仿。)”可知改善发音最好的方法是确定每一个单词如何发音，并且模仿。故选B项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Onceyouhavelearnedanewwordorphrase,youshouldmakeanefforttouseitinasentence—thisisthebestwaytokeepitinmind.(一旦你学会了一个新单词或短语，你应该努力在一个句子中使用它——这是记住它的最好方法。)”可知在一个句子中使用一个新的单词或新的短语，是记住它的最好的方法。故选D项。DPeople’svoicesfrightenwildlifeevenmorethanthesnarls(低吼)oflions,suggestingthatwearethescariestanimals.Giraffes,elephants,andmorethanadozenotherspeciesofanimalsinaSouthAfricanwildlifereserveranawayfromloudspeakerstwiceasoftenwhentheyheardthesoundsofhumanscomparedwiththoseoflions,foundbyastudyledbyMichaelClinchyattheUniversityofWesternOntarioinCanada.“Thisisaprotectedarea,sotheseanimalsshouldnotbefearfulofus,”hesays.“Butwhetheryou’reawildlifetourist,orapoacher(盗猎者),orwhatever,you’reallgoingtobeseenasthesamething.Thepresenceofthehumanisequallydangerous,regardlessofwhattypeofhumanyouare.”Clinchyandhiscolleagueshadalreadydiscoveredthatthefearofpredators(捕食者)cancausespeciestodeclineinnumber.Wantingtofindoutwhichwasthemostfeared,theteamdecidedtotesthumansagainstlionsoftenseenastheworld’smostfearsomepredatoronland,saysClinchy.Theysetuploudspeakersandcamerasontrees10metersawayfromanimalpathsnear21waterholesinGreaterKrugerNationalPark,SouthAfrica,whichhostsoneofthelargestremaininglionpopulationsintheworld.Whenanimalsapproachedthewaterholes,thespeakersimmediatelyplayedbackoneoffourkindsofrecordings,allatthesamevolume.Theseincludedmenandwomenspeakingcalmlyinlocallanguages,lionssnarling,gunshotswithorwithoutbarkingdogsandthecallsofregionalbirds.Theresearcherscaptured15,000videosof19speciesofanimalsreactingtotheirrecordings.Theyfoundthatwildlifeexceptlionsranaroundinresponsetohumanvoicesmorethantoanyothersounds,andwerealso40percentquickertoescape.Thefindingshighlightthedamagingimpactthatourpresencecouldpotentiallybehavingsignificantecological(生态的)results.Evenso,thefindingscouldleadtopositiveoutcomesaswell.Humanvoicesmightpreventwildlifefromenteringcropfieldsorfarms.12.Whyaresomeanimalsfearfulofhumanbeings?A.Humanbeingsarethestrongest.B.Humanbeingsmakethemoutofwater.C.Humanbeingsmayhavecausedgreatdamage.D.Humanbeingscanmaketheloudestvoiceintheworld.13.WhatcanbeinferredaboutGreaterKrugerNationalPark?A.Therearemanylionsthere.B.Thereare21waterholesthere.C.Itiseasytosetuploudspeakersthere.D.Itiseasytorecordthelocalpeople’sactivities.14.Whichanimalrespondedtohumanvoicesleast?A.Elephants. B.Giraffes. C.Lions. D.Dogs.15.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Theadvantagesofhumanvoicestoanimals.B.Thedamagingimpactofhumanpresence.C.Thesignificantecologicalresultsofhumanvoices.D.Theimpactandpossibleapplicationofhumanvoices.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家的一项研究：野生动物其实更害怕人类的声音。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Butwhetheryou’reawildlifetourist,orapoacher(盗猎者),orwhatever,you’reallgoingtobeseenasthesamething.Thepresenceofthehumanisequallydangerous,regardlessofwhattypeofhumanyouare.(但无论你是野生动物游客，还是偷猎者，或者其他什么人，你都会被视为同样的东西。人类的存在同样危险，不管你是什么类型的人)”可知，不管你是什么类型的人——观看野生动物的游客、盗猎者或其他什么人，在野生动物眼里，你都是一样的——人类的存在对它们来说都是一样的危险，因此可以推断出，动物们曾经被人类伤害过，给它们带来过危险，所以它们才会非常恐惧人类。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“Theysetuploudspeakersandcamerasontrees10metersawayfromanimalpathsnear21waterholesinGreaterKrugerNationalPark,SouthAfrica,whichhostsoneofthelargestremaininglionpopulationsintheworld.(他们在距离南非大克鲁格国家公园21个水坑附近的动物通道10米远的树上安装了扬声器和摄像头，这里是世界上现存狮子数量最多的国家之一)”可知，南非大克鲁格国家公园是世界上现存狮子数量最多的地方之一，即那里有很多的狮子。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“Theyfoundthatwildlifeexceptlionsranaroundinresponsetohumanvoicesmorethantoanyothersounds,andwerealso40percentquickertoescape.(他们发现，除了狮子之外，野生动物对人类声音的反应比其他任何声音都要快，而且逃跑的速度也快40%)”可知，他们发现除了狮子之外，野生动物对人类声音的反应比其他任何声音都要快。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容“Thefindingshighlightthedamagingimpactthatourpresencecouldpotentiallybehavingsignificantecological(生态的)results.Evenso,thefindingscouldleadtopositiveoutcomesaswell.Humanvoicesmightpreventwildlifefromenteringcropfieldsorfarms.(这些发现强调了我们的存在可能会产生重大生态结果的破坏性影响。即便如此，这些发现也可能带来积极的结果。人类的声音可能会阻止野生动物进入农田或农场)”可知，这些发现强调了我们的存在可能会产生重大的破坏性的生态后果；同时，这些发现也可能带来积极的结果，人类的声音可能会阻止野生动物进入农田或农场，即最后一段讲述的是人类的声音所带来的影响和可能的应用。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoFaceYourFearsWhenyoufaceyourfearsbravely,youopenupendlesschancestoliveyourbestlife.Bychallengingwhat’sholdingyouback,youcanfinallybreakfreefromit.Followingthesepracticalstepswillhelpyouovercome(克服)yourfearsandhaveabrighter,moresatisfyingfuture.Identifyyourfears____16____Identifying(识别)whatcausesthefearswithinyouwillhelpyouovercomethem.Withthisfirststeptoadmityourfears,youcanbegintoovercomethem.Takesometimetoexplorefurtherandidentifytherealsourceofyourfear.Askyourself:Whatareyouonearthafraidof?____17____UnderstandthecausesAfteridentifyingwhatyourfearsare,it’stimetoexplorewhatcausesthem.____18____Spendsometimehereexploringthenatureofyourfears.Askyourself,“WhyamIexperiencingfear?”Whenyouanswerthequestion,youwillgainanunderstandingofthebasiccausesbehindyourfears.SetupcleargoalsForyoutofaceyourfearseffectively,youneedtosetclearandachievablegoals.____19____Withacleargoalinmind,youhavethepowertodriveyourselfforwardinyourjourney.Breakingdownyourbiggergoalsintosmalleronesiskey.Takingastep-by-stepwaymakestheprocesslessfrighteningandbuildsyourconfidenceasyougo.TakeactionAtthispointinyourjourneytoovercomefear,it’stimetotakeaction.Startsmallbydealingwiththeleastfearfulpartandgraduallyworkyourwayuptomorechallengingsteps.____20____Youcanincreaseyourconfidenceinyourabilitytolearn,handlemistakes,achieveyourgoals,andtrynewexperiences.A.Writedownwhatcomestoyourmind.B.Bytakingaction,you’llgainnewskills.C.Tofaceyourfears,youmustfirstadmitthem.D.Recognizewhatitisthatpreventsyoumakingprogress.E.Identifythegoalsyouwanttoachievebyfacingyourfears.F.Acceptingyourfearswillleadyoudownapathofpersonaldevelopment.G.Youcanfindthesolutiontoyourfearsbyunderstandingwheretheycomefrom.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.E20.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何克服恐惧的四种方法。【16题详析】根据小标题“Identifyyourfears(认清你的恐惧)”和下文“Identifying(识别)whatcausesthefearswithinyouwillhelpyouovercomethem.Withthisfirststeptoadmityourfears,youcanbegintoovercomethem.(找出你内心恐惧的原因会帮助你克服它们。承认你的恐惧是第一步，你可以开始克服它们。)”可知，本段主要讲要认清自己的恐惧和承认恐惧的存在，C项“Tofaceyourfears,youmustfirstadmitthem.(面对恐惧，你必须先承认它们。)”与主题一致，同时句中序数词“first”对应本段位置，是克服恐惧的第一条建议。故选C项。【17题详析】上文“Takesometimetoexplorefurtherandidentifytherealsourceofyourfear.Askyourself:Whatareyouonearthafraidof?(花点时间进一步探索，找出你恐惧的真正来源。问问你自己：你到底在害怕什么?)”提出要问自己你到底在害怕什么，A项“Writedownwhatcomestoyourmind.(写下你想到的东西)”承接上文，说明在想清楚后还需要写下来，句中“whatcomestoyourmind”照应上文中“Askyourself”，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。【18题详析】上文“Afteridentifyingwhatyourfearsare,it’stimetoexplorewhatcausesthem.

(在确定了你的恐惧是什么之后，是时候去探索导致恐惧的原因了。)”提出弄清楚恐惧的原因，G项“Youcanfindthesolutiontoyourfearsbyunderstandingwheretheycomefrom.(你可以通过了解恐惧的来源来找到解决方法。)”承接上文，说明为什么要弄清楚恐惧的原因，句中“understandingwheretheycomefrom”与上文“whatcausesthem”和小标题“Understandthecauses”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【19题详析】上文“Foryoutofaceyourfearseffectively,youneedtosetclearandachievablegoals.(为了有效地面对恐惧，你需要设定清晰且可实现的目标。)”建议设定目标，E项“Identifythegoalsyouwanttoachievebyfacingyourfears.(面对恐惧，确定你想要实现的目标。)”提出设定目标的方法：面对恐惧，与本段主题一致。故选E项。【20题详析】根据小标题“Takeaction(采取行动)”可知，本段建议采取行动，B项“Bytakingaction,you’llgainnewskills.(通过采取行动，你将获得新的技能)”说明采取行动能带来新的技能，下文“Youcanincreaseyourconfidenceinyourabilitytolearn,handlemistakes,achieveyourgoals,andtrynewexperiences.(你可以增强自己学习、处理错误、实现目标和尝试新体验的信心。)”承接上文，进一步举例说明“newskills”的内容，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Iwenttogetacoffeethismorning.Alovelyladycameuptomeandsaid,“You’resoprettyandIloveyourdress.”Itmademefeel____21____.ThenIdroppedmycaroffforrepair,andthegirl____22____mehadattractivenails,soIsaid,“Yournailsare____23____painted.”Shesaidthankyou.IthengotanUberbackwithamiddle-agedAsianman,andontheway,we____24____averyweakelderlyman,andtheUberdriverwassokind.Notonlydidhe____25____tomebuthegotoutand____26____theoldmantothecar,fastenedhimin,madesurehewas____27____,andcomfortedhim.Whenhedroppedmeoff,Isaid,“Whatakindmanyouare!”Ilefthimabig____28____.Hethenmessagedmelaterandsaid____29____.Latertoday,IgotanUberbacktogetmy_____30_____.WhenIgotin,Ipraisedtheladyforherperfume(香水),sayinghow_____31_____itwas.Wetalkedforawhile.Thenhalfwaythroughthejourney,she_____32_____inherbagandgavemeherperfume.Shesaid,“It’sa_____33_____frommetoyou.”Ileftherahugetip,too,justasareminderthatsometimesasimple_____34_____canmakesomeone’sday.Neverbeafraidto_____35_____somethingbeautifultosomeone.Youmayjustmaketheirdaybetter.21.A.worried B.peaceful C.nice D.strange22.A.comforting B.serving C.cheering D.admiring23.A.beautifully B.simply C.thickly D.completely24.A.calmeddown B.calledon C.watchedover D.pickedup25.A.speak B.apologize C.refer D.turn26.A.walked B.sent C.forced D.drove27.A.healthy B.energetic C.grateful D.safe28.A.smile B.tip C.message D.card29.A.goodbye B.yes C.thanks D.sorry30.A.car B.groceries C.bicycle D.awards31.A.familiar B.common C.lovely D.expensive32.A.checked B.reached C.rooted D.brought33.A.gift B.prize C.reminder D.wonder34.A.honor B.encouragement C.chat D.praise35.A.teach B.lend C.say D.introduce【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.B29.C30.A31.C32.B33.A34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一天中遇到了几个善良的人，并对他们的善意行为表示感谢，同时也提醒读者，简单的赞美也能让别人的一天变得更好。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我感觉很好。A.worried担心的；B.peaceful和平的；C.nice美好的；D.strange奇怪的。根据上文“Alovelyladycameuptomeandsaid,“You’resoprettyandIloveyourdress.””可知，这位女士夸赞作者很漂亮，所以她说的话让作者感觉很好。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我把车送去修车，接待我的女孩指甲很漂亮，于是我说：“你的指甲涂得很漂亮。”A.comforting安慰；B.serving服务；C.cheering欢呼；D.admiring钦佩。根据“ThenIdroppedmycaroffforrepair,”可知，作者送车去修时，这个女孩为作者服务。故选B。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我把车送去修车，接待我的女孩指甲很漂亮，于是我说：“你的指甲涂得很漂亮。”A.beautifully漂亮地；B.simply简单地；C.thickly浓密地；D.completely完全地。根据“andthegirl________mehadattractivenails,”可知，作者称赞女孩指甲涂得很漂亮。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我和一个中年亚洲人一起打车回来，在路上，我们顺带了一个非常虚弱的老人，优步司机非常善良。A.calmeddown冷静下来；B.calledon号召；C.watchedover看守；D.pickedup捡起，中途接某人。根据下文“Notonlydidhe________tomebuthegotoutand________theoldmantothecar,fastenedhimin,madesurehewas________,andcomfortedhim.”可知，司机中途顺带一位虚弱的老人。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不仅向我道歉，还下车把老人扶上车，帮他系好安全带，确保他安全，并安慰他。A.speak说话；B.apologize道歉；C.refer涉及；D.turn转向。根据“hegotoutand_______theoldmantothecar,fastenedhimin,madesurehewas________,andcomfortedhim.”可知，此处表示因为帮助老人而耽误了作者的时间，所以司机向作者道歉。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不仅向我道歉，还下车把老人扶上车，帮他系好安全带，确保他安全，并安慰他。A.walked散步；帮助（某人）走；B.sent发送；C.forced强迫；D.drove开车。根据上文“andtheUberdriverwassokind.”可知，此处表示司机下车把老人扶到车上。故选A。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不仅向我道歉，还下车把老人扶上车，帮他系好安全带，确保他安全，并安慰他。A.healthy健康的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.grateful感激的；D.safe安全的。根据“fastenedhimin,”可知，此处表示确保老人系好安全带后是安全的。故选D。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给他留了一大笔小费。A.smile微笑；B.tip小费；C.message消息；D.card卡片。根据下文“Whatakindmanyouare!”Ilefthimabig”可知，作者认为司机很好，所以下车时给了司机小费。故选B。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来他给我发了短信，说谢谢。A.goodbye再见；B.yes是的；C.thanks谢谢；D.sorry对不起。根据上文“Ilefthimabig________.”可知，作者给司机留下了一大笔小费，所以司机对作者表示感谢，故选C。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天晚些时候，我叫了一辆优步回来取车。A.car汽车；B.groceries食品杂货；C.bicycle自行车；D.awards奖品。根据上文“ThenIdroppedmycaroffforrepair,”可知，作者又乘坐了一次优步去取自己修理的汽车。故选A。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我进去的时候，我称赞了那位女士的香水，说它是多么令人愉快。A.familiar熟悉的；B.common常见的；C.lovely可爱的；美好的；令人愉快的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据“Ipraisedtheladyforherperfume(香水),”可知，作者称赞女士的香水闻起来很香，令人愉快。故选C。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：走到一半的时候，她把手伸进包里，给了我她的香水。A.checked检查；B.reached到达；伸手去拿；C.rooted生根；D.brought带来。根据“andgavemeherperfume.”可知，女士伸手进自己的包，然后拿香水给作者。故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“这是我送给你的礼物。”A.gift礼物；B.prize奖品；C.reminder提醒物；D.wonder奇迹。根据上文“andgavemeherperfume.”可知，女士把香水当作礼物送给了作者。故选A。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也给了她一大笔小费，只是想提醒她，有时候一个简单的赞美就能让别人的一天变得更好。A.honor荣誉；B.encouragement鼓励；C.chat聊天；D.praise赞美。根据“canmakesomeone’sday.”及上文提到的作者对别人的称赞和别人对作者的称赞可知，一个简单的赞美就能让别人的一天变得更好。故选D。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：永远不要害怕对别人说一些美好的话。A.teach教；B.lend借；C.say说；D.introduce介绍。根据上文“Ileftherahugetip,too,justasareminderthatsometimesasimple________canmakesomeone’sday.”和上文提到的作者对别人的称赞以及别人对作者的称赞使一天变得美好可知，不要害怕对别人说一些美好的话。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。InthecompetitionofOlympicweightlifting,theathletestrytoliftthe____36____(heavy)weighttheycan.Therearespecialconditionstheyhavetomeetinordertocompete:bodyweight,heightandstrength.TheOlympicweightliftingcompetition____37____(main)teststhelimitofexplosivestrength.Therearenotmanyweightlifters____38____reallylikethecompetitionandtheexplanationisverysimple:Theyareshortofexplosivestrength.TheweightsusedfortheOlympicweightliftingcompetitionchangebythekilogram.Theorderinwhichtheathletesenterthecompetitionisnotgeneral,butitissetdependingontheevent.Usuallytheathletewiththelightestweight____39____(begin).Ifhe/sheisnotsuccessful,he/shecantryagainlater.Thereis____40____maximumofthreeliftsallowedforeverycompetition.FormanyyearstheOlympicweightliftingcompetitionwasonlyformen.However,nowwomenalsotakepartinthecompetition.____41____wasatthebeginningofthe21stcenturythatwomen’scompetitionsenteredan____42____(organize)professionalenvironment.Forwomen,thecompetitionismoredifficultbecauseoftheirdifferentbodystructure.However,strengthtraining____43____(skill)beforecompetitionsarewidelyandsuccessfullyusedbywomen,too.Lotsofathleteswho’veendedupinOlympicweightliftingcompetitionshavestartedwithstrengthtrainingonly____44____(improve)theirmuscleconditionandtheirbodypower.However,thedemarcationline(分界线)isstillnotveryclear____45____powertrainingandcompetitions.ThisiswhysomanyweightliftershavegotintotheOlympicweightliftingcompetition,eveniftheirpurposewasdifferentinthebeginning.【答案】36.heaviest37.mainly38.who/that39.begins40.a41.It42.organized/organised43.skills44.toimprove45.between【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了奥运会举重比赛中运动员面临的挑战，以及如何通过增强力量和技巧来提高竞技水平。【36题详析】考查形容词。句意：在奥林匹克举重比赛中，运动员都尽力举起他们所能举起的最重的重量。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，此处表达“尽力举起他们所能举起的最重的重量”之意，应用形容词的最高级形式。故填heaviest。【37题详析】考查副词。句意：奥运会举重比赛主要考验的是爆发力的极限。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词mainly作状语。故填mainly。【38题详析】考查定语从句。句意：真正喜欢这项比赛的举重运动员并不多，原因很简单：他们缺乏爆发力。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是weightlifters，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用that或者who引导。故填that或者who。【39题详析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：通常，重量最轻的运动员先开始比赛。begin作本句谓语，根据Usually可知，句子用一般现在时，主语theathlete为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填begins。【40题详析】考查冠词。句意：每场比赛最多允许三次试举。此处是固定搭配：amaximumof意为“最多”。故填a。【41题详析】考查代词。句意：直到21世纪初，女子比赛才进入有组织的职业环境。此处是“itwas+强调部分+that+剩余部分”的强调句型，it位于句首，首字母应大写。故填It。【42题详析】考查形容词。句意：直到21世纪初，女子比赛才进入有组织的职业环境。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，organize的形容词形式应是organized或者organized意为“有组织的”。故填organized或者organized。【43题详析】考查名词。句意：然而，比赛前的力量训练技巧也被女性广泛而成功地运用。空处应填名词和strengthtraining构成短语strengthtrainingskill意为“力量训练技能”，作主语，根据are可知，用复数形式。故填skills。【44题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多参加奥运会举重比赛的运动员都是从力量训练开始的，只是为了改善肌肉状况和身体力量。本句已有谓语动词havestarted，所以improve用非谓语动词形式，此处表目的，用不定式形式作目的状语。故填toimprove。【45题详析】考查介词。句意：然而，力量训练和比赛之间的界限仍然不是很明确。此处是固定搭配：between...and...意为“在……和……之间”。故填between。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris来信欲了解乒乓球运动在中国的情况，请给他回信，并推荐这项运动，内容包括：1.开展情况；2.推荐理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearChris,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearChris,Knowingthatyou’reinterestedintabletennisinChina,Iamwritingtorecommendthesporttoyou.TabletennisishighlypopularinChina,enjoyedbypeopleofallagesandskilllevels.Youcanfindtabletennistablesinmanyplaceslikeparks,schoolsandresidentialareas.DeeplyrootedinChineseculture,ithasbeenanationalpastimefordecades.Ihighlyrecommendtabletennisfortworeasons.Foronething,it’sasocialsportthatnotonlybringspeopletogethe