中考英语中国传统工艺：砖雕、石雕、坚果雕刻、撕纸、吹糖人、盘纸、花馍、麦秆画（原卷版）

31中国传统工艺砖雕、石雕、坚果雕刻、撕纸、吹糖人、盘纸、花馍、麦秆画吹糖人中国民间传统手工艺品吹糖人是旧时北京的一个行业，北京话为“吹糖人儿”，汉族民间手工艺品之一。小贩们肩挑挑子走街串巷，挑子一头是一个带架的长方柜，柜子下面有一个半圆形开口木圆笼，里面有一个小炭炉，炉上的一个大勺里放满了糖稀（据说是麦芽糖溶化所得）。据传，吹糖人儿祖师爷是明朝宰相刘伯温。一、阅读理解A“Nobuildingcomeswithoutcarvings(雕刻),andcarvingsmakebuildingsmorevaluable,”goesanoldsayinginMinnan,anareainsouthernFujianProvince.Thesayingreferstobrick(砖)carvings,whichwereanimportantfeatureoftheoldredbrickbuildinginthearea.ThecarvingswereoncecommonlyfoundoneithersideofmainentranceofMinnan’sbuildings.However,withdevelopment,thenumberofancientredbrickbuildingsbecomeslessandless,andMinnan’sbrickcarvinghavegraduallydisappearedfromsight,saidWuJiandong,ayoungmasterbrickcarverfromFujian’sQuanzhouCity.The42-year-oldcarverhaslearnedthetraditionalskillandnowconnecteditwithmodemtastestodevelophisstyleofbrickcarving.Wusaidthathehopedtobeabletohelpthetraditionalcraftcontinuethroughinnovation.“Marketrequirementshavechangedinrecentyears,andsohasourthinking,”Wusaid.“Wemustaddmodemelements(元素)tohelppassdownanddeveloptraditionalcrafts(工艺).”PeopleinMinnanlovetea,soWucreatedaseriesofcarvedbrickteadecorations(装饰品),includingteaplates,cupholders,potholdersandotheritems.Theyhavebeenwarmlyreceivedbylocalpeopleandforeignvisitors.Earlierthisyear,apendant(挂件)decoratedwithaswallowtailridgeandabrightmoonwasboughtbyanoverseasChinesemanfromthePhilippines.ThecustomertoldWuthathewouldhangthependantinhisofficeasareminderofthebuildingsandthemoonofhishometown.Becauseofthemarkerspraiseofhiswork.Wuwillbeabletopassdownthecraftandfurtherdevelophispieces,andthepopularityofshortvideoshasalsogivenhisnewhopesofspreadingMinnanbrickcarvings.TheartformstartedduringtheSongDynastyandbecamepopularduringtheMingandQingdynasties.Itisnowanimportantpartofnationalculturalheritage.1．Whydoesthewriterbeginthetextbyusingtheoldsaying?A．ToattractmorepeopletovisitMinnan.B．Togiveadviceondevelopingbrickcarvings.C．ToshowtheimportanceofbrickcarvingsinMinnan.2．Theunderlinedword“innovation”inthepassageprobablymeans“________”inChinese.A．推广 B．创新 C．模仿3．Wecaninferfromthesixparagraphthat________.A．Wu’sbrickpiecesarewarmlyreceivedallovertheworldB．brickcarvingsbecomesymbolsofhomesicknessC．thependantofbrickcarvingbecomespopular4．HowdidWufeelabouthisbrickartpieces?A．Confident.(自信) B．Worried. C．Disappointed.(失望)5．Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthispassage?A．ThehistoryofMinnan’sbrickcarvingsB．TheancientredbrickbuildingsinMinnanC．Minnan’sbrickcarvingartiscomingbackBUndertheleadershipofthelocalgovernment,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinXizhuangVillage,XinjiangCountyofYuncheng,ShanxiProvince.Thevillagershavegreatlydevelopedthestoneprocessingbusinessinrecentyears.Jiangzhoustonecarving(雕刻),atraditionalskillcomingfromXinjiangCounty,hasahistoryofmorethan1,000years.In2017,Jiangzhoustonecarvingwaslistedasanintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产),motivatingmorevillagersofXizhuangtojointhebusiness.ManyvillagersinXizhuanghavetheskillsofstonecarving.ThevillagehasthreeyardsoftheMingDynastyandmorethan20yardsoftheQingDynastythatshowdifferentstylesofeachperiod.Unlikeotherstonecarvingskills,Jiangzhoustonecarvingisanartincludingphysics,paintingandmodeling.TheXinjiangStoneCarvingParkinthevillagehasnearly100stonecarvingfactoriesandhundredsofexperiencedartists.Inrecentyears,moderncarvingskillsdependingontraditionalwayshavebeenintroducedtohelpimprovethespeed.Thevillagehasdevelopedalmost1,000kindsofproducts.Theproductshavebeenwelcomedbothathomeandabroad.Stonecarvinghasbecomealeadingindustryforlocalfarmerstomakemoney.Thepeopleinthecountyarelivingahappylifenow.6．WhereisJiangzhoustonecarvingfrom?A．HenanProvince. B．ShanxiProvince. C．ShandongProvince.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“motivating”probablymean?A．激励 B．阻止 C．赞扬8．What’sthedifferencebetweenJiangzhoustonecarvingandotherstonecarvings?A．Jiangzhoustonecarvingkeepsthesamestyleinhistory.B．Jiangzhoustonecarvingdependsontraditionalwaysonly.C．Jiangzhoustonecarvingincludesphysics,paintingandmodeling.9．Howhavethevillagersimprovedthespeedofstonecarvingrecently?A．Bypaintingonthestones.B．Byinvitingexperiencedartists.C．Byusingmoderncarvingskills.10．What’sthemainpurpose(目的)ofthisarticle?A．ToinvitepeopletoliveinXinjiang.B．TointroducealeadingindustryofXinjiang.C．Toaskpeopletolearnthestonecarvingskill.CPapercuttingortearingisaculturaltraditioninChina.Forcenturies,ithasbeenpasseddownfromonegeneration(一代人)tothenext,especiallyfrommotherstodaughters.Thisbeautifulartcreatedbyskillfulartistsisusedtodecorate(装饰)doors,ceilings,andbedsinpeople’shomes,oratcelebrationssuchasbirthdaysandweddings.AtChineseNewYear,windowflowersaregluedtowindows,creatingbeautifulpatternsoflightandshadow.Thetwomaintechniques(技艺)usedarecuttingthepaperusingaknifeorscissors,ortearingitbyhand.Ifthepaperiscut,theedges(边缘)areverysmooth.Papercuttingcanproduceveryfineanddelicatework.ThistypeofworkistypicalofsouthernChina.Ifthepaperistornbyhand,theedgesaremoresimpleandnatural.TearingisusedmoreinnortheastChina.Inaddition,differentpartsofChinahavetheirownmotifsorpictures.Thesemotifscanexpressmanystories,ideasandemotions.Itcanbehardtoholdontotraditionslikethesebecauseyoungpeopledon'tknowmuchabouttraditionalart.Oftentheypreferspendingtheirtimeonnewerpastimes.Theexpertsaregettingolder.Ifyoungpeopledon'tlearnthetraditions,theywon’tbeabletopassthemdowntotheirownchildren.Butrecentlythereisachange.Therearemoreexhibitionsoftraditionalart.Artistsaregoingintoschoolstoteachchildrenhowtodopapercutting.Childrenenjoyworkingtogetherwithartistsandtalkingtothemaboutthemeaningoftheirart.Inthisway,theyarebecomingproudoftheircultureandtraditions.11．Theunderlinedword“motifs”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.A．habits B．reasons C．subjects D．words12．Whatisthewriter’sopiniononpapercuttingortearing?A．Itiseasytoholdontothisformofart.B．ItwillcontinueinChinaforfuturegenerations.C．ItissoexpensivethatonlytherichcanaffordtolearnitD．Thebeautifulartisn’tusedtodecorateceilingsorbeds.13．Fromthepassageweknowthat________.A．youngpeopleknowtraditionalartverywellB．theedgesareverysmoothwhenthepaperiscutC．girlswerenotallowedtolearnpapercuttinginthepastD．ifthepaperistornbyhand,theedgesareverysmooth14．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ChinesePaperArt B．GreatChangesinChinaC．FamousChineseArtists D．AnExhibitionofPaperCuttingDWhenXiongChuanfa,34,blowsalifeliketigeroutofsugarinjustminutes,kidslookathiminsurprisethinkingheisamagician.Xionghasbeenblowingsugarfigurines(吹糖人)forovertwentyyears.BlowingsugarfigurinesisaChinesetraditionalfolk(民间)artwithahistoryofover600yearsandhasbeenlistedasastate-levelintangibleculturalheritage.Everymorning,XiongpreparesthesugaranddrivestodifferentmarketsinNanchangtostarthismagicshow.Heheatsthesugar,pullsoffalittletomakeaballandblowsitintodifferentshapes—arabbit,amonkey,themascotoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.People,especiallylittlekids,areinterestedinhisskills._______Manycollegestudentshavebeendrawntotheart,waitinginlineforhands-onexperience.Amongthem,Simon,couldn’thelphavingatry.Thoughitlookedeasy,hefounditdifficulttomakeit.ThankstoXiong’shelp,Simonfinallysawahorseslowlytakingshape.Simonwasdeeplymovedafterlearningabouttheart.“Ijustcan’tbelievethetraditionalfolkartcanbekeptsowellhere.Iloveit.Chinesecultureshouldbespreadaroundtheworld,”hesaid.Thisarthasbeenpasseddownforfourgenerations(代)inXiong’sfamily.His6-year-oldsonoftenblowssugarballoons,justlikewhatheusedtodoasachild.“Wewillpassontheintangibleheritage,”saidXiong.15．FromthepassagewecanlearnthatXiongChuanfais________.A．afolkartisanB．abusdriverC．aforeignmagician16．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinthe________?A．TodrawyoungpeopleclosertotheartB．TohelpyoungpeoplelearndrawingskillsC．Toteachlittlekidstheskillsofdrawing17．Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推断)thatSimonwillmostprobably________.A．stayinChinatoblowsugarhorsesB．offerXiongahelpinghandinclassC．learnmoreaboutChineseculture18．Inwhichsentencecanweputintheunderlinephrase?A．Wehadto________thehiketillnextweekendbecauseofthebadweather.B．Let’s________somesmallflowersandlookatthemcarefully,thenwritewhatyoucansee.C．Theplanewill________intenminutes!Hurryup,orwewillbelate.19．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．XiongandHisFolkArtofSweetBlowsB．AMagicFolkArtandChineseCultureC．Xiong’sFamilyandSugarFigurineSkillsETangchang,atowninChengdu,iswell-knownforclothshoes.Withover20types,Tangchangclothshoesarestrong,comfortable,breathableandfriendlytotheenvironment.In2018,theywereaddedtoSichuan’sIntangibleCulturalHeritageList(非物质文化遗产名录).63-year-oldLaiShufanghasspentover40yearsmakingTangchangclothshoes.Nowsheisamaster.Shesaidtherewere32stepstomakeapair,butthemostimportantstepwasmakingthesoles.Layers(层)ofwhiteclotharegluedtogetherwithflourpaste(糊糊).“Tomakegoodpaste,wemakeitatatemperatureof85℃.Ifthetemperatureistoolowortoohigh,thepastewillnotwork,”Laisaid.Thenthepastedlayersaredriedandcutintodifferentshapes.Afterthis,thelayeredclothisbeatenagainandagainuntilitistight(紧实的)enoughtomakesolesandupperparts.Thenextstepistoshapethetwopartsandgluethemtogether.Butstillthesoles’edgeslookfluffy.Throughrepeatedpolishingandcutting,thefluffyedges(毛边)willbecomesmooth.Thentheclothshoesareready.Lai’shardworktouchedhersonAiPeng.In2015,Aidecidedtoleavehisjobandhelphismother.HeusedShuembroidery(蜀绣)tomaketheshoeslookmorebeautifulandopenedaclothshoestoreonline.Healsosetupshopwindowstoshowthestepsofmakingshoes,helpingmorepeoplelearnabouttheartofclothshoes.20．________isthemostimportantstepinmakingTangchangclothshoesaccordingtoMs.Lai.A．Makingthesoles B．MakinggoodflourpasteC．Makingthebesttemperature D．Makingtheupperparts21．WhatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingstepsofmakingTangchangclothshoes?①beatingthelayeredcloth②makingflourpasteatanexacttemperature③gluingtheupperpartsandthesolestogetherA．③②① B．②③① C．②①③ D．①②③22．Lai’ssonhasdone________thingstomaketheclothshoesmorepopularaccordingtothepassage.A．two B．three C．four D．five23．Whichofthefollowingquestionsisansweredinthepassage?A．Whatarethefeatures(特点)ofTangchangclothshoes?B．Howmuchisapairofclothshoes?C．WhendidMs.Laibecomeamasterofclothshoes?D．What’sthemostimportantmaterialinmakingclothshoes?24．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．ATalentedShoemaker,LaiShufangB．Hand-madeClothShoesinTangchangC．Tangchang,aWell-knownTowninChengduD．TangchangClothclothes,Sichuan’sIntangibleCulturalHeritageFLookattheworksofartinthepicture.ShaoLujie,a28-year-oldmanfromZhejiang,createdthemforthe19thAsianGames.①Shao’scraftisknownasquilling(盘纸).Quillinghasalonghistory.Itistheartofcuttingpaperintolongthinstrips(条),makingthepiecesintodifferentshapesandthengluing(粘贴)theshapestogethertocreateartworks.②SinceShaowasachild,hehaslovedpaintingandcrafts.Havinglearnedquillingfromagreatteacherattheageof21,hehasbeenputtingmostofhistimeintoit.Shaostartedhiscareer(事业)twoyearslater.Hebeganbycopyingtheworksofhisteachers.Beforelong,hewasabletocreatehisownworkswithnewskills.Inrecentyears,Shaohasworkedhardtodevelopculturalandcreativeproductswithlocalfeatures(特点),hopingtomakesomeprogressinquilling.③“QuillingisnotfamousinourcountryanditcanonlybeseeninafewplacesinJiangsuandZhejiangprovinces,”Shaosaid.Togetmoreyoungpeopleinterestedinquilling,Shaohasgoneonline.“Usually,Iliketowritearticlesaboutthisartandpostpicturesofmynewworksonsocialmedia,”hesaid.Hehopestoopenanexhibitionhallinthefuturesothatmorepeoplecanlearnaboutthecraftandpassitdown.25．Whatcanwelearnaboutquilling?A．Quillingwasinventedin2016. B．Quillingneedsmanystepstocomplete.C．Quillingislearnedbymanyyoungpeople. D．Quillingisfamousathomeandabroad.26．WhendidShaostarthisownbusiness?A．Attheageof21.B．Attheageof23. C．Attheageof26. D．Attheageof28.27．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeShao?A．Strict. B．Friendly. C．Outgoing. D．Creative.28．Pleasematchthefollowingtitleswiththerightnumbersinthepassage.a.Whatisquilling?

b.Howpopularisquilling?c.WhydidShaolovepaintingandcrafts?

d.WhatdidShaodotodevelopquilling?e.HowhasShaoimprovedquillingskills?A．①-a

②-c

③-d B．①-d

②-c

③-eC．①-a

②-e

③-d D．①-d

②-e

③-b29．Whichpartofamagazineisthepassagefrom?A．Culture. B．Travel. C．History. D．Cooking.GManypeoplemaythrowawaythepitsinsidefruitsaftereatingthem,butinheritorsofnutcarving(核雕继承人)haveturnedthemintoartworksinstead.WeifangnutcarvinggoesbacktotheQingDynasty.Duringthattime,anoldimperial(皇家)craftsmanWangDayanspreadtheskilltothelocalpeopleinShandongProvince.Craftsmenbackthenoftenusedpeachpits(核桃)toshowofftheirartisticskills.Becauseofthehighlevelofcarvingskillsneeded,thetraditionalcultureanditsrichartistictheme,Weifangnutcarvingwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritage(国家非物质文化遗产)in2008.“Onenut,from0.8to6centimeterslong,canbemadeintofanpendants,earrings,buttons,sealsandsoon,”saidTanWanhai,48,aninheritorofWeifangnutcarving.Tanhasstudiedtheartofnutcarvingfor25yearsandhascreatedmanynutcarvings.However,thecraftsmanalsosaidthatbringingthiskindofartworktolifeisnoteasy.“Unlikesomepitslikeolive(橄榄)pitswhichhaveafatsurface,eachpeachpithasitsownspecialtexture(质地)likehumanfingerprints,”Tansaid,addingthat,craftsmenhavetostudyeachpeachpittocarefullyplanouttheirartwork.Nutcarvingcraftsmenalsoneedtohaveknowledgeinmanyareas.AccordingtoTan,theyhavetomasterskillsinpainting,sealcarvingandcalligraphyfrommanytraditionalcultures.Thankstotheircreativedesignandfreshideas,WeifangnutcarvingartworkshavebeenincreasinglywelcomedbypeopleinChina.Morepeoplearelearningtheartandhaveevenbecomeinheritorstopassdowntheskilltoyoungpeople.“Now,thenumberofinheritorsisabout1,000.ButIbelieveitcouldbebigger.Morecraftsmennowgiveupthetraditionofpassingdowntheskillonlythroughthefamilyandopenituptoanyonewhoisinterestedinlearningtheskill,”saidTan.30．WhatarethereasonsthatWeifangnutcarvingwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritagefor?①thehighlevelofcarvingskillneeded

②itsrichartistictheme③thetraditionalculture

④thepopularityaroundChinaA．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④31．Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytellus?A．Theculturalvalueofnutcarving.B．TheknowledgecraftsmenhavetomasterC．Theinheritorandhiscarvingartworks.D．Thedifficultiescraftsmenhave.32．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．WeifangnutcarvinggoesbacktotheMingDynasty.B．Tanthinkstherecouldbemoreinheritorsofnutcarving.C．Olivepitscanbeusedtodonutcarvingbycraftsmennow.D．Nutcarvingskillsarepasseddownonlythroughthefamily.33．HowdoesTanfeelaboutthedevelopmentofnutcarvinginthefuture?A．Indifferent. B．Surprised. C．Uncertain. D．Confident.34．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AchievementsofNutCarving B．AmazingArtworksinChinaC．CarvingArtworksoutofNut D．TheHistoryofNutCarving二、任务型阅读A请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在方框内的缩写文章中，填入与短文意思最符合的单词。每空一词。PeopleinNorthChinahavemanytraditionalfoods.Themosttypicaloneisthesteamedbun,alsocalledmantou.ItissaidthatthesteamedbunwasinventedbyZhugeLiang.Today,peoplemakebunsofdifferentshapesandcolorstoexpresstheirbestwishes.Thesebunsarecalled“flowerbuns”andtheyhavebecomeaculturalsymbolofgoodluck.Flowerbunsaremainlyusedforfoodandetiquette(礼节).TheyareverypopularinprovinceslikeShanxi,ShaanxiandHebei.Foralongtime,peopletherehaveshowntheirfeelingsthroughflowerbunswithlivelyforms.ThemostfamousflowerbunsinChinaare“WenxiFlowerBuns”ofWenxiCounty,ShanxiProvince.Withahistoryofover1,300years(非物质文化遗产)in2008.Byusingtools,includingscissors,peopleinWenxicanmakeallkindsofshapes,likeflowers,making“WenxiFlowerBuns”takesfourtofivedaysandgoesthroughmorethanahundredsteps.Allofthesestepshavetobedonebyhand.LiuDanmeiisayoungcookfromHebeiProvince.Sheturnsthetraditionalsteamedbunsintobeautifulartworks.Inacreativeway,sheconnectstheartofmakingtraditionalflowerbunswithmodernelements(元素).In2022,LiumadesomesteamedbunswithpatternsaboutBejing.WinterOlympicGames.Hersteamedbunsdrewattentionbothathomeandabroad.

ThesteamedbunisatypicaltraditionalfoodinnorthernChina.Flowerbunsaresteamedbunswith35shapesandcolors.Today,theyhavebecomeacultural36ofgoodluck.Throughflowerbuns,people37theirfeelings.

“WenxiFlowerBuns”ofWenxiCounty,ShanxiProvince,werelistedasChineseIntangibleCulturalHeritagein2008.Itis38tomake“WenxiFlowerBuns”becauseitneedsmorethanahundredstepsbyhand.

LiuDanmei,ayoungcookfromHebeiProvince,turnsthetraditionalsteamedbunsintobeautifulartworks.Sheconnectstheartofmakingtraditionalflowerbunswithmodernelements39.In2022,hersteamedbunswithpatternsaboutBeijingWinterOlympicGamesdrewgreatattention.B根据短文内容，回答问题(每题答案不超过8个词)。WheatStrawPainting(麦秆画)firstappearedintheSuiandTangdynasties.Today,somepeoplearestillinterestedinit,andZhangLiisoneofthem.ShebecameinterestedinWheatStrawPaintingwhenshewas16yearsold.In2015,shesetupherownworkroom.Now,ZhangLirealizesthatWheatStrawPaintingiswhatshewantstodofortherestofherlife.Shecollectslotsofwheatstrawinthecountryside.Shedriesthestrawinthesunandthencutsitbyhand.Colorfulstraws,likered,orangeandbrowncanbefoundinherartworks.“Theyareallnatural.”ZhangLisaid.Differentcolorsmakeherpaintingsbeautiful.InordertodevelopWheatStrawPainting,shecameupwiththeideaofmixingitwithothertraditionalChineseart.SoshespenttwoyearslearningSuzhouembroidery(苏绣)fromsomefamousartists.Oneofhergreatestworksisabirdamong