北京市第一〇一中学2024-2025学年高三下学期统考四英语试题（含答案）

北京市第一○一中学2024-2025学年度统考四高三英语第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完型填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OneMothertoAnotherOnWednesdayevening,ourdaughter,whowasataboardingschoolover200kilometersaway,toldusthatshehadlostherphonewhenshetookpartinanactivityoffcampus.Werealizedthatwehadlittlechanceoffindingit.Thenextmorning,myphonebeeped(哔哔响)loudly.Akindvoiceannouncedthatshehadsomethingthatbelongedtomydaughter.I___1___thatIlivedathree-hourdriveaway,andtoldherIwouldaskafriendtofetchthephone.Mydaughterhadwrittenmynumberontheinsideofherphone’scase—goodthinking!AftercontactingthepeopleIknowwholivedneartheschool,Iwasoutof___2___—noonecouldgoand___3___thephone,notsurprisinglyasitwastheworkingdayandeveryonewasbusy.Idecidedtoasktheladytopostthephonetomydaughter.ButwhenIsentheratexttoaskifthiswouldbeOK,shereplied,“Wewill___4___itandwe’regoingtodrivedowntotheboardingschooltonight.”Tomy___5___,thiswonderfulcouple,whohadalreadyspentabusydayatwork,wasmakingaroundtriponthenight,___6___forreturningaphonetoacompletestranger.Howtouchingitwas!Igavethemdirectionsandthey___7___thephoneintothehandsofmydaughteratherboardinghouse.Theonlywordofanexplanationwas,“I’vegotchildrenofmyown,andIknowhowamother___8___.”Wehadthoughtthatthechanceofgettingbackthephonewas___9___,butwegotitbackinsuchashorttime.Itwasawonderfulreminderofthegoodintheworldandhowtheactionsofonepersoncan_____10_____theworldtoanother.1.A.suggested B.reported C.explained D.argued2.A.date B.luck C.work D.control3.A.pickup B.carryout C.handin D.giveaway4.A.find B.show C.miss D.take5.A.regret B.surprise C.amusement D.disappointment6A.especially B.certainly C.definitely D.probably7.A.conducted B.arranged C.delivered D.identified8.A.doubts B.interests C.predicts D.worries9.A.free B.slim C.hard D.fair10.A.tell B.face C.mean D.join第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Learner’sdictionaries,allinEnglish,arespeciallydesignedtohelpstudents.____11____confusesstudentsishowtheycanbeeasytouse.Well,thedefinitionsaresimplerthanthewordstheydescribe—theyusehigh-frequencywords.Studentscanalsogetgrammaticalandusageguidance,opposites,otherexpressions____12____(use)thewordandlotsofexamples.Soyoucanseethatthedictionaryhelpstoincreaseyourwordpower,andimprovenotonlyyourreadingandlistening,butalsoyourwritingandspeaking.Theremayalsobeawiderangeof____13____(picture)tohelpyouunderstand.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Ifyouhavebeenfishing,youknowhowharditistocatchareallybigfish.Onereasonisthatitisdifficulttofindtheexactpositionofthefish.Theotherreasonisthatbigfishwon’tjustjumpintheboatoncethey____14____(locate).Yearsago,amannamedAlfDean____15____(overcome)bothdifficulties.DeanwentfishingoffthecoastofSouthAustralia.Hepulledinagreatwhitesharkthatweighed2,664poundsandmeasuredoversixteenfeetinlength.Thatis____16____(big)fishevercaughtbyasingleperson.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Manypeopleliketravellingabroad.Theextramoney____17____(bring)incanbeofgreatbenefittothesecountries.However,tourismhasnotbeengoodnewsfortheenvironment.First,transportingmillionsoftouriststotheirholidaydestinations____18____(pollute)theairandtheseas.Secondly,somebeautifullandscapesaredestroyedforeverduetothenewly-builthotels.Andfinally,freshwatersuppliesarerunninglow____19____touristsconsumemuchwater.Toconclude,Ithinktourismhasalotofnegativeconsequencesonnature.Ifwewantourplanettobea____20____(health)place,weneedtotravelless.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheHonorsProgram(美国大学荣誉课程)inBiochemistry&MolecularBiology(HPBMB)isofferedtohighschoolseniorswithstrongacademicabilityandachievementwhoseekcareersinbiologicalorbiomedicalscience.StudentscanearnbothaBachelorofScience(B.S.)andaDoctorofPhilosophyDegree(Ph.D.)inapproximately6years.ApplicantstotheHonorsPrograminBiochemistry&MolecularBiologymustbeintheirlastyearofhighschool.Undergraduateswillhavetheopportunitytoworkwithtop-levelresearchscientistsinBiochemistry&MolecularBiologyandalsoinclinicallaboratorieswithscientiststhatareassociatedwiththedepartment.Theywillconductintensivelaboratoryworkintheareasofbiochemistry,molecularbiologyornutritionalbiochemistrystartinginthesummerbeforetheirfirstfallsemesterstarts.Byspringoftheirjunioryear,studentswillprepareanundergraduatethesis(本科毕业论文)aspreparationfortheirentryintograduateschool(研究生院).Atthattimetheywillstarttakinggraduatecoursesandcontinuetodoresearchwithagraduatefacultymember.Tobeconsideredstudentsmust:haveacombinedSATIscoreof1400(combinedMathandCriticalReadingscores)meettheSATIIscorerequirementofatleast600inMath,andonescience(Biology,ChemistryorPhysics)havecompletedeightsemestersofEnglishandmathematicsandtwosemesterseachofbiologyandchemistrybythetimetheygraduatefromhighschoolcompleteallcomponentsofyourCommonApplicationforundergraduateadmissionbyNovember1ofyoursenioryearcompleteasupplementalapplicationformfortheHonorsPrograminBiochemistry&MolecularBiologyincludeacounselor(辅导老师)recommendation,threelettersofrecommendationfromteachersinsupportofyourapplicationtotheHonorsProgramandapersonalstatementSendallDualAdmissionHonorsProgramapplicationmaterialsto:DualAdmissionHonorsProgramsOfficeofAdmissionUniversityofMiamiP.O.Box248025CoralGables,FL33124-4616Faxnumber:(513)529-7592(513)529-1950FormoreinformationontheHPBMB,contact:Dr.ThomasK.HarrisDirector,UndergraduateandMedicalEducationBiochemistryandMolecularBiologyOffice:GautierBuilding,Room111Phone:305-243-3358E-Mail:tkharris@21.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.GradeOnestudentsinahighschoolcanapplyfortheprogramB.it’spossibleforgraduatestoobtainbothabachelor’sdegreeandadoctor’sdegreeC.graduatesarepromisedtohaveachancetoworkwithtopbiomedicalscientistsD.athesisisnotnecessaryifanundergraduatewantstogotograduateschool22.Whichofthefollowingisanunnecessaryrequirementforapplication?A.AcombinedSATIscoreof1400.B.AcombinedSATⅡscoreof600inMathandonescience.C.Threelettersofrecommendationfromhisteachers.D.Aletterofrecommendationfromtheprincipal.23.Ifanapplicantwantsmoreinformation,hecancontactDirectoroftheHonorsProgramexcept______.A.byfax B.inperson C.bye-mail D.byphoneBWhatanimalpullsatyourheartstrings—apandaoratoad(蟾蜍)?ZoologistLucyCookedrawsattentiontosomeoftheworld’sleastattractiveanimals.Shehopestoshowtheworldwhysomeofthemostunlovableanimalsareactuallythemostinterestinganddeservingofourattentionandprotection.Cooke’sblogsandonlinevideosbringherunusualstorytellingstyletoaseriousmessage:Ifweonlycareforthebestlovedanimals,otherimportantpartsoftheweboflifecouldbeignored.Therearesomanytelevisionshowsaboutlovelyanimalslikekoalabearsandkittens,sheobserves.Alltheattentionseemsfocusedon“celebrity”animals.“Thoseunusualcreaturesattractmebecausetheytellanamazingevolutionary(进化)story,”Cookesaid.“I’minterestedinallofnature,notjusttheshinybits.”Amphibians—animalslikefrogsthatlivebothonlandandinwater—topCooke’slist.Overathirdofamphibiansaregoingextinct;it’stheworstextinctioncrisissincethedinosaurswerewipedofftheplanet.“Amphibiansoccupyacrucialspotinthemiddleofthefoodchain.Ifyouremovethem,everythingelsewillbelostaswell,”shenoted.“Thatmotivatedmetostartmyblog,TheAmphibianAvenger.Whenamphibiansgoextinct,birdsandsnakesthateatthemalsodisappear.Andsincetheybreathethroughtheirskin,theyareeasilyattackedbypollutionandclimatechange.Thatmakesthemfantasticinstrumentsformeasuringthehealthofecosystems.”OneofCooke’smostpopularonlinevideosisaboutsloths—extremelyslow-movinganimalsthatliveintrees.They’vealwayshadareputationforbeinglazyandstupid.Infact,“slothfulness”isthekeytotheanimal’ssuccess,allowingthesloth’sliver(肝脏)toprocesspoisonoussubstancesfoundintheleavesiteats.Movingslowlyalsokeepsithiddenfromenemies.“Myvideoshowedtheworldhowinterestingtheyare,”Cookesaid.Thebats,dungbeetlesandmoregettheirmomentinthesunthankstoCooke.“Ijustwantpeopletosharemysenseofamazementandloveforthesecreatures.”Cookestated.“Onceyouunderstandwhythey’reuglyorodd,you’llappreciatethemandwanttosavethemasmuchasIdo.”24.CookestartedTheAmphibianAvengerinorderto________.A.maketheanimalpopularwithpeopleB.showheruniqueappreciationofbeautyC.introducetheresearchonanewspeciesD.explaintheimportanceofthiskindofanimal25Cooke’svideoaboutslothsisanexampleof________A.whysomeanimalsdeservetheirreputationB.whyshethinksitnecessarytosaveanimalsC.howpeoplefocusonsomespecificanimalsD.howsheistryingtochangepeople’sminds26.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.AnimalDefenderB.IntelligentAnimalsC.Cooke’sStorytellingBlogsD.TheSecretofExtinctCreaturesCVaccines(疫苗)maysoonmaketheirfirstfilmappearance.LedbyexpertMariaA.Croyle,researchershavedevelopedathinsheetthatpreservesvaccinesforlongperiodswithoutusingthecoolingsystem.Thismeansthecarefullycooledsmallbottlesnowusedtoshipvaccinescouldpotentiallybereplacedbylightweightfilmsthatcanbemailedinanenvelopeandstoredonashelf.Croyle’slaboratorybegandevelopingthetechnologyin2007.Inspiredbyamber’sabilitytopreservetheDNAofinsects,theresearcherssetouttocreatetheirownversionofthesubstancebymixing“alotofsugarandalittlebitofsalt,muchlikehardcandy,”Croyleexplains.Thevaccine-containingfilmisadministeredbymouth-sweetnewsformanywhodislikeneedles.Thefilmistailoredtosuiteachspecificvaccinecandidateandprovideaprotectivecoating.“We’velearnedovertimethatthekeytoreallystabilizingwhateverthefilmholdsistohaveitintermixedwithallthecomponents,”Croylesays,addingthattheprocessisquickandusesaffordable,standardequipment.“Wereallywantedtocomeupwithsomethingthatwouldbetransportedtodevelopingcountries.”Immunization(免疫)programsdependheavilyonkeepingvaccinescold(2℃-8℃)astheyaretransported,sometimesoverthousandsofkilometerstofar-awaylocations.Deliverycanbedifficultandcostly,andtransportdelayingcancausethevaccinestobeineffective.Butthisnewproductcanstoreliveviruses,bacteriaandantibodiesforseveralmonthsat20℃.InapaperpublishedinScienceAdvances,thescientistsshowthatthelivevirusesinonevaccinewerepreservedinthefilmevenafter36months.Theyalsofindthatafluvaccinesuspendedintheirfilmcomparesfavourablywithatraditionalflushot.“Thestudydemonstratesearlyproofofconceptforanexcitingplatformforvaccineproductdevelopment,”saysLisaRohan,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Shealsonotesthateachvaccinetypewouldneedacustomformulation(配方)forfuturestagesofdevelopment.Findingpartnerstomass-produceforclinicaltrialsistheresearchers’mostpressingproblem,Croylesays.Theyarealsoexploringpackagingmethodstokeeptheirfilmsstableupto40℃.Sizeisamajoradvantage-aletter-sizedsheetofthefilmcancarrymorethan500doses(剂)ofvaccine,about1/900theweightofthesameamountoftraditionaldoses.Bymakingiteasierandcheapertoshipandpreservevaccinesefficiently,Croylesays,thetechnologycouldvastlyimproveimmunizationratestheworldover,particularlyinmiddle-to-lowincomecountries.27.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefilm?A.Itcontainsanimal’sDNA. B.Itwillreplacevaccines.C.Itcomesindifferentflavours. D.Itcanholdbio-products.28.AccordingtoParagraph3,wecanlearnaboutthefilm’s________.A.keycomponent B.developmentscheduleC.possibleadvantages D.transportationrequirements29.TheauthormentionsLisaRohan’swordsto________.A.advisepersonalizingvaccinesB.suggesttheproductispromisingC.provethestudyissupportedwidelyD.stressthefunctionsofanewplatform30.WhatwillbethenexturgenttaskforCroyle’steam?A.Advertisingthefilmworldwide. B.Improvingthefilm’scapacity.C.Reducingtheshippingcost. D.Seekingidealproducers.DAlbertEinstein’s1915masterpieceTheFoundationoftheGeneralTheoryofRelativityisthefirstandstillthebestintroductiontothesubject,butitprobablywouldn’tbepublishableinascientificjournaltoday.Whynot?Afterall,itundoubtedlywouldpassthetestsofcorrectnessandsignificance.Andwhileit’sbelievedthatthepaperwasincomprehensibletoitsfirstreaders,infactmanypapersintheoreticalphysicsaremuchmoredifficult.AsthephysicistRichardFeynmanwrote,“Therewasatimewhenthenewspaperssaidthatonly1.2menunderstoodthetheoryofrelativity,whichisnottrue.Afterreadingthepaper,alotofpeopleunderstoodthetheoryofrelativityinsomewayorother,certainlymorethan1.2.”No,theproblemisitsstyle.Itstartswithaleisurelyphilosophicaldiscussionofspaceandtimeandthencontinueswithanexplanationofknownmathematics.Thosetwosections,whichwouldbeconsideredextraneoustoday,takeuphalfthepaper.Worse,therearezerocitationsofpreviousscientists’work,norarethereanygraphs.Thosefeaturesmightmakeapapernotevengetpastthefirsteditors.Asimilarprocessofprofessionalisationhastransformedotherpartsofthescientificlandscape.Requestsforresearchtimeatmajorlaboratoriesaremorestrictlystructured.Andanythinginvolvingworkwithhumanobjects,orputtinginstrumentsinspace,involvespilesofpaperwork.WeseeitalsointheRegeneronScienceTalentSearch,theNobelPrizeofhighschoolsciencecompetitions.Intheearlydecadesofitshistory,thewinningprojectswereusuallythesortofcleverbutnaive,amateurisheffortsonemightexpectoftalentedbeginnersworkingontheirown.Today,polishedworkcomingoutofinternshipsatestablishedlaboratoriesisthenorm.Theseprofessionalisingtendenciesareanaturalconsequenceoftheexplosivegrowthofmodernscience.Standardisationandsystemmakeiteasiertomanagetherapidflowofpapers,applicationsandpeople.Butthereareseriousdownsides.Alotofunproductiveeffortgoesintojumpingthroughbureaucratichoops(繁文缛节).Ofcourse,Einsteinwouldhavefoundhiswaytomeetingmodernstandardsandpublishinghisresults.Itsscientificcorewouldn’thavechanged,butthepapermightnotbethesametastetoread.31.AccordingtoRichardFeynman,whichstatementaboutEinstein’s1915paperistrue?A.Itattractedfewprofessionals. B.Itturnedouttobecomprehensible.C.Itneededfurtherimprovement. D.Itwasaclassicintheoreticalphysics.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“extraneous”inParagraph2mean?A.Unrealistic. B.Imprecise. C.Unattractive. D.Irrelevant.33.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisaffectedasmodernsciencedevelops?A.Theselectionofyoungtalents. B.Theevaluationoflaboratories.C.Theprincipleofscientificresearch. D.Theapplicationofresearchfindings.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Howtowritequalitypapers? B.Willsciencebeprofessionalised?C.CouldEinstein’sWorkGetPublishedToday? D.Howwillmodernsciencemakeadvances?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whyaresomanypeopleafraidoffailure?Quitesimplybecausenoonetellsushowtofailsothatfailurebecomesanexperiencethatwillleadtogrowth.____35____Mostparentsworkhardateitherpreventingfailureorprotectingtheirchildrenfromtheknowledgethattheyhavefailed.Onewayistolowerstandards.Amotherdescribesherchild’shastilymadetableas“Perfect!”inspiteofitsunevenlegs.Anotherwayistopintheblameonsomeoneelse.IfJohnfailsscience,histeacherisunfairorstupid.Thetroublewithfailure-preventionwaysisthattheyleaveachildunequippedforlifeintherealworld.____36____Achildwhoisnotinvitedtoabirthdayparty,whodoesnotmakethehonorrollonthebaseballteam,feelsterrible,ofcourse.Butparentsshouldnotofferaquickcomfort,prizeorsay,“Itdoesn’tmatter”becauseitdoes.Theyoungshouldbeallowedtoexperiencedisappointment—andbehelpedtomasterit.Failureisneverpleasurable.Ithurtsadultsandchildrenalike.____37____Steponeistoask“WhydidIfail?”Resistthenaturalimpulse(冲动)toblamesomeoneelse.Askyourselfwhatyoudidwrongandhowyoucanimprove.Ifsomeoneelsecanhelp,don’tbeshyaboutinquiring.____38____Youcanlearnfromadisastrouspartyhowtogiveagoodonefromanill-chosenfirsthousewhattolookforinasecond.Evenafailurethatseemsdefinitecanpromotefreshthinking,achangeofdirection.After12yearsofstudyingballetafriendofminewenttoaninterviewforaprofessionalcompany.Shewasturneddown.“Wouldfurthertraininghelp?”sheasked.Theballetmastershookhishead.“Youwillneverbeadancer.Youhaven’tthebodyforit.”Insuchcases,thewaytousefailureistotakestock(清点存货，清理，鉴定)bravelyasking“WhathaveIleft?WhatelsecanIdo?”Myfriendputawayhertoeshoesandmovedintodancetherapy,afieldwhereshe’sbothcompetentanduseful.____39____Oftenthereisaresurgence(复活)ofenergy—anawarenessofnewpossibilities.AButitcanmakeapositivecontributiontoyourlifeonceyoulearntouseit.B.Weshouldkeepitmindthatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.C.Success,whichencouragesrepetitionofoldbehavior,isnotnearlyasgoodateacherasfailure.D.Weforgetthatfailureispartofthehumanconditionandthateverypersonhastherighttofail.E.Failurefreesonetotakerisksbecausethere’slesstolose.F.Theyoungneedtolearnthatnoonecanbebestateverything,noonecanwinallthetime—andthatit’spossibletoenjoyagameevenwhenyoudon’twin.G.Sobestrongandneverloseheartinthefaceoffailure.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Weoftenseekfulfillingrelationshipsforhappiness,yetforgetitlieswithinus.Buthaveyoueverwonderedthatwithsomanyadvocatesofself-love,whyhaven’twebeenabletoloveourselves?Self-loveistherootofallyourhealthyrelationships.Thestrongeryourrootsare,themoredifficultitwillbeforwindstoknockdownthebranches.Self-love,initsnature,istotrulyacceptwhoyouareandwhatyourworthis.Thekeyelementsofself-loveareessential.Self-acceptanceisforemost,asourimperfections,insecurities,andperfectionsshapeouruniquepersonality.Self-compassionisequallyvital.Wemustforgiveourselvesformistakes,failedgoals,andsetbacks,treatingourselveswiththesameempathyweshowourdearest.Also,self-carematters.Sincerelyingonothers’careisimpractical,onlywecanprovidethebestcareforourselves.Self-loveandhealthyrelationshipscannotbeseparated.Actually,self-loveistheverycoreofanyhealthyrelationship.Firstofall,self-loveempowersustodefinerelationshipboundaries.Knowingourworthenablesustotellwhatwe’llaccept,havingacleargraspofourneeds,values,andlimits.Forexample,anefficientadministrativeassistantisoftenaskedbycolleaguestohandleallthepaperworkandschedulingtasks.Butwithself-love,sheknowstobalanceherowncoreworkandpersonaldevelopment.Sheoffersreasonableassistance,nottakingontheentireworkload,settingboundariesassheunderstandshervalueandtheimportanceofabalancedteam.Moreover,self-loveisvitalinconflictresolutioninarelationship.Whenpeopletrulylovethemselves,theyhaveahealthierunderstandingofeverything.Theyhavemoreconfidenceandself-esteemtobeabletovoicetheiropinions.Whenconflictsarise,apersonwithself-loveandself-awarenesswillapproachthesituationcalmlyandrespectfully,consideringthewell-beingofallpeopleinvolved.Ultimately,self-loveisthecompassguidingustopersonalsatisfactionandharmoniousconnections.Cultivatingthislovepavesthewayforbalanced,respectfulrelationships,enrichingourlivesandthosearoundus.40.Whatisthenatureofself-love?_______________________________________________________________________________41.Whatarethekeyelementsofself-loveaccordingtothepassage?_______________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>Whenconflictsarise,apersonwithself-lovewillapproachthesituationinaself-interestedway._______________________________________________________________________________43.Howcanself-lovebenefityouinyourdailylife?(Inabout40words)_______________________________________________________________________________第二节（20分）44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim正在策划一次以“绿色北京”为主题的社团活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：(1)活动形式；(2)活动内容。注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim，_______________________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