2023届广东省揭阳市四校联考高三下学期二模英语试题（解析版）

2023届高三年级4月份大联考英语试题本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBestWaytoNapAstudypublishedinthejournalHeartfoundalinkbetweenhealthynapping(打盹)andaloweredriskofheartdisease.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationpointsoutthatnapscanimprovememory,learningcapacityandmood.SaraMednick,PhD,aneuroscienceattheUniversityofCaliforniaexplainsthatwhenyoufallasleep,yourbodymovesthroughstagesthateachplayaroleinhealth.Idealnappingtimesarebasedaroundthisfour-stagecycle.Stage1the“dozingoff”(打瞌睡)periodStage2muscles,heartrateandbrainactivityslowdownStage3deep,restorativesleepStage4REM(rapideyemovement)sleep,whenbrainactivityincreasesandyou’remostlikelytodreamThe20-minutenapBetween20and30minutesisonenappingsweetspot,accordingtoMednick,whoexplainsthatyougetenoughStage2sleeptoswitchyourbodyandmindintofullrelaxationmode,aidingwithmemory.The60-minutenapStage3sleepisatimeforyourbodytorepairtissue,strengthentheimmune(免疫)systemandrechargeenergystores.Butwakingupduringthisphasecanmakeyoufeeluncomfortableandsleepy,Mednicksays.MostpeoplestarttomoveoutofStage3afteraround60minutes,whichmakesitagoodtimetosetyouralarm.The90-minutenapAcompletesleepcycleisaboutanhourandahalf,andnappingforafullcyclecanhavebigbenefits.Butnapslongerthan90minutescandisturbnighttimesleepandmightevenweakenmemory.Notaregularnapper?That’sOK.“Everyoneneedstorest,butnoteveryonenecessarilyneedstonap,”saysMednick.1.Duringwhichphasemayyouhaveadream?A.Stage1. B.Stage2. C.Stage3. D.Stage4.2.Howlongmaythefirst3stageslast?A.Aquarter. B.Onehour. C.Halfanhour. D.Oneandahalfhours.3.Whichsectionisthetextprobablytakenfrominanewspaper?A.News B.Education. C.Lifestyle. D.Health.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在Heart上发表的一个关于午睡的研究报告，报告称午睡主要分为四个阶段，每个阶段的时长、功能和特征都不一样。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Stage4中的“REM(rapideyemovement)sleep,whenbrainactivityincreasesandyou’remostlikelytodream（REM(快速眼动)睡眠，大脑活动增加，你最有可能做梦）”可知，在第四阶段你很可能会做梦。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据The60-minutenap中“MostpeoplestarttomoveoutofStage3afteraround60minutes（大多数人在大约60分钟后开始走出第三阶段）”可知，一般60分钟左右就会离开第三阶段，说明第三阶段持续一个小时。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。第一段提到“AstudypublishedinthejournalHeartfoundalinkbetweenhealthynapping(打盹)andaloweredriskofheartdisease.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationpointsoutthatnapscanimprovememory,learningcapacityandmood.（发表在《心脏》杂志上的一项研究发现，健康的午睡与降低心脏病风险之间存在联系。美国心理协会指出，小睡可以改善记忆力、学习能力和情绪。）”健康的午睡能降低心脏病的风险，并且可以改善记忆力、学习能力和情绪，这些都是与健康有关的。同时，后文提到关于午睡的四个阶段及其好处，由此判断，这篇文章应属于健康范畴，应该是选自健康专栏。故选D。BOnaFridayeveninginDecember,twoweeksbeforeChristmas,Ilostmyjob.Ihadn’tseenitcoming.Iwasexcitedfortheweekend,whenmydaughter,Kristil,then12,andIplannedtogetourChristmastree.ThenIlistenedtomyvoicemail:“We’resorrybutyourworkassignmenthasendedasoftoday.”Myheartsank.Iwasn’tjustasinglemother;Iwastheonlyparent.Mypaycheckwassurvival.Overthenextweek,asmybankaccountgrewsmaller,Icrazilyappliedforjobs,butIwasdefeated.Ithadbeensnowingonandoffallmorning.Inoticedawomanwithshortwhitehairstrugglingtoopenhercardooragainstthewind.Asshegotout,Irealizeditwasmyoldprofessor,Mrs.Heffernan.Ihadn’tseenhersincewe’dmetforlunchthreemonthsago.I’dfirstmetMrs.Heffernan10yearsearlierwhenIwasherstudentatEdgewoodCollege.Kristilwas3atthetime,andIsometimestookhertoclass.Mrs.HeffernanwasunderstandingandwouldbringcoloringbookstooccupyKristil.EvenafterIgraduated,Mrs.Heffernankeptintouch.Ihadgrowntoloveherlikefamily.Irushedtothefrontofmybuilding.“Whatareyoudoingoutinthisweather?”Iaskedaswehugged.“Well,Itriedtocalllastweekbutcouldn’tgetthrough.ThenIcalledyourjobandtheysaidyouweren’tworkingthereanymore,soIthoughtIwouldcomeby,”shesaid.“IhavegiftsforyouandKristil.”Imadeheracupofteaandwetalked.JustbeinginMrs.Heffernan’spresencegavemehopethatthingswouldbeallright.AsshegotuptoleaveshehandedmeaChristmascardandkissedmeonthecheek.Iwalkedhertohercarandwavedasshepulledaway.WhenIopenedhercardIwasinshock.Hundreddollarbillsfellontothetable.TearsofgratitudefilledmyeyesasIcounted.Mrs.Heffernanhadgivenme$1,000.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Shewasdivorcingherhusband.B.Shewasfiredunexpectedly.C.Shesentane-mail.D.Shecouldn’taffordaChristmastree.5.WhatwasHeffernan’srealpurposeofvisitingtheauthor?A.Tohaveatalkwithher.B.TowishheramerryChristmas.C.Toofferhersomefinancialhelp.D.Togiveherdaughtercoloringbooks.6.WhatrolemightMrs.Heffernanplayintheauthor’slifeaftergraduation?AAlifeadvisor. B.Arespectablefriend.C.Ahelpfulconsultant. D.Aprofessionalexpert.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMrs.Heffernan?A.Friendlyandconfident. B.Wealthyandoptimistic.C.Warm-heartedandbrave. D.Kind-heartedandgenerous.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作为单亲妈妈的作者失去工作后失去了经济来源，昔日的老师借送圣诞贺卡的机会给予经济上的帮助。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ilostmyjob.Ihadn’tseenitcoming.(我丢了工作。我没料到会这样)”可知，从第一段我们可以了解到，作者被辞退是意料之外的。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“WhenIopenedhercardIwasinshock.Hundreddollarbillsfellontothetable.(当我打开她的卡片时，我惊呆了。百元大钞掉在桌子上)”可知，赫弗南拜访作者的真正目的是给她一些经济上的帮助。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Ihadn’tseenhersincewe’dmetforlunchthreemonthsago.(自从我们三个月前共进午餐后，我就没见过她)”以及第五段“EvenafterIgraduated,Ms.Heffernankeptintouch.Ihadgrowntoloveherlikefamily.(甚至在我毕业后，赫弗南女士还和我保持联系。我已经像爱家人一样爱她了)”可知，作者和赫弗南一直保持联系且关系亲如家人，赫弗南知其有难，主动帮助。由此可推知，赫弗南在作者毕业后的生活中扮演的角色是一个可敬的朋友。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，赫弗南女士主动借送圣诞贺卡的机会给予作者经济上的帮助，且出手大方，所以可以用“善良”和“大方”这两个词来形容赫弗南女士。故选D项。CThe2022FIFAWorldCupkickedoff,withmorethan30teamsparticipating.Inthetournament’s92-yearhistory,onlyeightcountrieshavewon:Brazil,Italy,France,Germany,Argentina,Spain,UruguayandEngland.ItwasthefirsttimethattheCuphadbeenheldintheMiddleEast.SummertemperaturesinQatarregularlytop100degrees,soforthesafetyofbothathletesandaudience,organizerspushedthemonth-longcontestouttolateNovember,whentheweatherismilder.UruguaywasthefirsthostandwinneroftheWorldCupbackin1930.Thefinalmatchplayedoutinfrontof60,000audiences.NoWorldCupwasheldbetween1938and1950duetoWorldWarⅡ.The1950tournamentinBrazilfeaturedseparateEastandWestGermanteams.Itwasn’tuntilthe1994WorldCupthatGermanytookpartasaunifiedteam.WestGermanywonin1954.That1950CupwasalsothefirsttofeatureEngland,despitesoccerbeinganEnglishinvention.Thatyear,TeamUSAbeatEngland1-0,thoughsomeBritishnewspapersreportedtheresultasUSA1,England10,aseditorsbelievedtherealscorehadatypo.BothsidesbelieveditwouldbeaneasywinforEngland,anddouble-digit(两位数)goalswereexpected.ThismatchisconsideredbymanyasoneofthegreatestupsetsinWorldCuphistory.Thefirstwomen’sWorldCupstartedmanydecadesafterthemen’s,in1991.ThatfirstonewasheldinChina.OurteamissodominantthatwehavewonhalfofalltheWorldCupstodate.Thewomenplayeveryfouryears,justlikethemen,butnotonthesameschedule.Thenextwomen’sWorldCupwillbeheldin2023inAustraliaandNewZealand.8.Whywasthe2022WorldCupputofftowinter?A.Tosatisfyaudience.B.Tobeaspecialmatch.C.Toavoidhightemperatures.D.Tomeettherequirementsoftheplayers.9.Howisthetextmainlyorganized?A.Intimeorder. B.Inspaceorder.C.Byexplanation. D.Bycomparison.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“typo”meaninparagraph4?A.Atypingerror. B.Aspellingerror.C.Aprogramerror. D.Amathematicalerror.11.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewomen’sWorldCupfromthelastparagraph?A.Chinawonthefirstwomen’sWorldCup.B.Chinahashosted50%ofthewomen’sWorldCups.C.Itisarrangedonadifferenttimetablefromthemen’s.D.Itisheldinthesamecountryasthemen’severyfouryears.【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以2022年卡塔尔世界杯引入主题，以时间为顺序介绍了世界杯的历史以及相关知识。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“SummertemperaturesinQatarregularlytop100degrees,soforthesafetyofbothathletesandaudience,organizerspushedthemonth-longcontestouttolateNovember,whentheweatherismilder.”（卡塔尔的夏季气温经常超过100度，因此为了运动员和观众的安全，组织者将为期一个月的比赛推迟到11月下旬，届时天气较为温和）可知，2022年世界杯被推迟到冬天是为了避免高温。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据三段“UruguaywasthefirsthostandwinneroftheWorldCupbackin1930.Thefinalmatchplayedoutinfrontof60,000audiences.NoWorldCupwasheldbetween1938and1950duetoWorldWarⅡ.The1950tournamentinBrazilfeaturedseparateEastandWestGermanteams.Itwasn’tuntilthe1994WorldCupthatGermanytookpartasaunifiedteam.WestGermanywonin1954.”（乌拉圭是1930年世界杯的第一个东道主和冠军。决赛在60000名观众面前进行。由于第二次世界大战，1938年至1950年间没有举办过世界杯。1950年在巴西举行的锦标赛由东德队和西德队组成。直到1994年世界杯，德国队才作为一支统一的队伍参加比赛。西德在1954年获胜）和第四段的“That1950CupwasalsothefirsttofeatureEngland,despitesoccerbeinganEnglishinvention.(尽管足球是英国人的发明，但1950年的世界杯也是第一次以英格兰为特色)”推知，文章采用时间顺序来介绍世界杯的历史。故选A。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段“TeamUSAbeatEngland1-0,houghsomeBritishnewspapersreportedtheresultasUSA1,England10”（美国队以1-0击败英格兰队，尽管一些英国报纸报道结果为美国队1胜，英格兰队10胜）可知，那一年英格兰以0-1输给了美国，但是英国报纸报道成为10-1，他们认为是出现了打印错误。即划线词意为“打印错误”。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thewomenplayeveryfouryears,justlikethemen,butnotonthesameschedule.”（女足每四年比赛一次，和男足们一样，但时间安排不一样）可知，女子世界杯虽然也是每4年一次，但是时间安排不一样。故选C。DAussieArkisananimalpreservationprojectbasedneartheBarringtonTopsofNewSouthWales,Australia.OriginallyknownasDevilArk,itsoriginalgoalwastoonlybreed(培育)andpreserveTasmaniandevils(袋獾).Aboutthesizeofabigdomesticcat,theTasmaniandevilistheworld’slargestlivingmarsupialcarnivore(有袋食肉动物).Itsbiggercousin,theTasmaniantiger,diedoutin1936.Devilnumberswerestableuntil1996,whenastrangediseasesuddenlybegandestroyingdevilpopulationsacrossTasmania.Devilfacialtumourdisease(DFTD),withinafewmonths,isaninfectiouscancerspreadbybitesduringfightsoverfoodandmates.There’sstillnocuredespiteaquarter-centuryofdedicatedresearch,anddevilshavesufferedan80-90percentdecline.AsecondtypeofDFTD,justasdeadly,wasidentifiedin2014.Afterthedevilwasdeclaredendangeredin2008,increasedeffortwentintoestablishingisolatedDFTD-freeinsurancepopulations.Tasmania’soffshoreMariaIslandsupportsasmallintroducedgroupofhealthydevils,andtheForestier-TasmanPeninsulahastheonlydisease-freepopulationinitsnativerange,butAussieArkhasmoredevilsthanboththeabovetwoandisthebiggestandwildestmainlandbreedingfacility.Asaninnovativeandwildlysuccessfulconservationproject,AussieArkhasspentthelastdecadecreatingahealthymainlandpopulationoftheendangeredTasmaniandevils,mainlybylettingthemactnaturallyinalarge-scalebushshelter.Abigpartofitssuccessisthesuitabilityofitslandscape.TheArk’scool-climate,high-altitude(1,300m)snow-gumforesthasprovedverydevil-friendly.Launchedin201lwith44DFTD-freedevils,AussieArkhasbredmorethan350devilbabiesnow,arecordoutsideTasmania,andholdsoverhalfthedevilsinmainlandAustralia.12Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?A.TointroducethediseaseDFTD.B.Topredicttheextinctionofdevils.C.Tostresstheimportanceofwildlifeprotection.D.Toexplainthereasonfordevilsbeingendangered.13.HowwilladevilgetDFTD?A.Ifitlivesingroups.B.Ifitfightswithitsmates.C.Ifitisbittenbyaninfectedone.D.Ifitsharesfoodwithotherdevils.14.What’sthemainreasonforAussieArk’ssuccess?A.Itcoversthelargestarea.B.Itlastsalongperiodoftime.C.Ithasdisease-freedevilbabies.D.Itprovidesmassivenaturalhabitats.15.Whichmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.DevilsReappearinMainlandB.ASuccessfulProjectforDevilsC.DevilsAreinDangerD.TheSecretofAussieArk【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了袋獾受到DFTD这种传染性疾病的威胁，数量骤减。成为濒危物种之后很多公益机构都做出努力去挽救，其中AussieArk这个项目做得最有成效。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Devilnumberswerestableuntil1996,whenastrangediseasesuddenlybegandestroyingdevilpopulationsacrossTasmania.Devilfacialtumourdisease(DFTD),withinafewmonths,isaninfectiouscancerspreadbybitesduringfightsoverfoodandmates.There’sstillnocuredespiteaquarter-centuryofdedicatedresearch,anddevilshavesufferedan80-90percentdecline.(直到1996年，一种奇怪的疾病突然开始摧毁塔斯马尼亚州的袋獾种群，袋獾的数量才稳定下来。DFTD是一种传染性癌症，在几个月内通过争夺食物和交配时的咬伤传播。尽管进行了四分之一个世纪的专门研究，但仍然没有治愈的方法，袋獾的数量已经下降了80%-90%)”可知，本段主要介绍了DFTD这种疾病使得袋獾数量骤减。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Devilfacialtumourdisease(DFTD),withinafewmonths,isaninfectiouscancerspreadbybitesduringfightsoverfoodandmates.(DFTD是一种传染性癌症，在几个月内通过争夺食物和交配时的咬伤传播)”可知，病毒通过咬伤传播。因此如果一只袋獾被咬伤，会感染上DFTD。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Asaninnovativeandwildlysuccessfulconservationproject,AussieArkhasspentthelastdecadecreatingahealthymainlandpopulationoftheendangeredTasmaniandevils,mainlybylettingthemactnaturallyinalarge-scalebushshelter.(作为一个创新的、非常成功的保护项目，在过去十年里，AussieArk一直在创造一个健康的濒危塔斯马尼亚魔鬼大陆种群，主要是让它们在大型丛林庇护所中自然活动)”可知，AussieArk的成功主要源于让袋獾在大范围的矮灌木丛林自然地活动。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，可知这篇文章主要介绍了AussieArk为挽救濒危的袋獾做出了很多努力，并取得了不错的成效。B选项“一个成功挽救袋獾的项目”符合本文主旨，故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Forhundredsofyears,possiblymuchlonger,hotpothasalwaysbeenoneofChina’smostpopularfoods.Itissopopularthatpeoplejokeanyproblemcanbesolvedoverhotpot.Withahotpot,youcanputinanyingredient(食材)thatyoulike.Thesamepotcanservemealstoallthepeoplesittingaroundthetable.Nooneisleftout,andeveryonegetstoeatasmuchoraslittleastheywant.___16___Thefirefromahotpotcanmeltjustaboutanyicydisagreementandwarmjustaboutanyheart.PerhapsthemostpopularkindofhotpotisSichuanhotpot,withitsspicyredpeppers.WhatmakesSichuanhotpotdifferentfromotherhotpotsistheuseofhuajiao.___17___Italsohasthestrangeeffectofmakingtheredpepperstasteevenhotter.___18___BeijinghotpotuseslambandmanyofthesameingredientsasSichuanhotpot,buthasalightertaste.TheNortheastChinesehotpotusuallycontainsporkandpickledcabbage,whileGuangdonghotpotusesachickenorafishbroth(汤底).___19___.IneverycityandtowninChina,therearehotpotrestaurantscrowdedwithpeopleeating,talkingandlaughing.___20___Youcanchooseyourownfavoriteingredients.EvenintheWest,youcaneasilymakeit.First,buyaChinesehotpotbrothmixfromanAsianmarket.Andyouneedalargepot.Moreimportantly,youneedtohavesomefriendstoshareyourfoodwith.A.Thisspiceismouth-numbing.B.Anditiseasytocookhotpotinyourownhouse.C.ManyChinesedon’tagreeonwhatfoodisthebest.D.Sichuanfoodisfamousforitsredpeppersandhuajiao.E.NearlyasfamousasSichuanhotpotisBeijinghotpot.F.Itisknownforitswiderangeofingredients,includingseafood.G.ThisshowstheChineseculturalvaluesofopennessandsharing.【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.F20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国的传统美食——火锅。【16题详解】上文“Nooneisleftout,andeveryonegetstoeatasmuchoraslittleastheywant.(没有人会被遗漏，每个人都可以随心所欲地多吃或少吃。)”提到了吃火锅时每个人都可以选择吃多少，G项中的This是关键词，可代替前文，所以G选项“这展现了中国开放和分享的文化价值观”承接上文，符合题意。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“WhatmakesSichuanhotpotdifferentfromotherhotpotsistheuseofhuajiao.(四川火锅与其他火锅的不同之处在于花椒的使用。)”提到了花椒的使用，A项中的Thisspice是关键词指的就是前文的花椒，所以A选项“这种香料使人嘴巴发麻。”符合题意，且与后文的“Italsohasthestrangeeffectofmakingtheredpepperstasteevenhotter.(它还有一种奇怪的效果，让红辣椒吃起来更辣。)”形成并列关系。故选A项。【18题详解】下文“BeijinghotpotuseslambandmanyofthesameingredientsasSichuanhotpot,buthasalightertaste.(北京火锅使用羊肉和许多与四川火锅相同的食材，但味道更淡。)”提到了北京火锅，E选项中Beijinghotpot是关键词与下文呼应，所以E选项“几乎和四川火锅一样有名的是北京火锅。”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E项。【19题详解】上文“TheNortheastChinesehotpotusuallycontainsporkandpickledcabbage,whileGuangdonghotpotusesachickenorafishbroth(汤底).(东北火锅通常含有猪肉和酸菜，而广东火锅则用鸡汤或鱼汤)”提到了广东火锅用鸡或鱼做汤底，该段讲食材，F项中的It是关键词指代广东火锅，符合逻辑，所以F项“它以包括海鲜在内的各种食材而闻名。”承接上文，符合题意。故选F项。【20题详解】下文“Youcanchooseyourownfavoriteingredients.(你可以选择自己喜欢的食材。)”提到了选择自己喜欢的食材，B项中inyourownhouse是关键词，与下文yourownfavoriteingredients呼应，所以B选项“而且在自己家里煮火锅也很容易。”能引起下文，符合逻辑。故选B项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Beforeshepassedawayfromcancer,A.J.Waltersmadeherhusband,Seanandherdaughter,Brittanypromiseheronething:Seanwould___21___Brittanytothehomecominggame,whereBrittanywasintherunningforhomecomingqueen.Itwas___22___toherthatherdaughtergo.BrittanyandSean___23___.Dayslater,A.J.died.___24___theirpromise,anemotionalBrittany___25___arminarmwithherfatheracrossthefootballfieldwiththeothernominees(提名者)towaitforthe___26___ofthevoting.Brittanywasn’t___27___homecomingqueenthatday;anothergirl,Nylawas.But,likemanyintheclose-knitcommunity,Nylahad___28___theWalters.Inanunplannedgesture,momentsafter___29___thecrown(王冠),NylawalkedovertoBrittany,removedthecrownfromherhead,and___30___itatopherfriend’s.Thetwohuggedeachother___31___.“She’dratherhavehermomthanacrown,”NylatoldCNN.“Iwastellingherthatshewashermom’s___32___,andthatshewaslovedbymany,especiallyme.”“Ifeltsomuchlovefromher,andIjustfeltsomuchloveforher,”saidBrittany.“Ican___33___mymomthroughNyla.Theyhavethesame___34___,givingspirit.”There’sasayingthatrealqueensfixeachother’scrowns.Butthe___35___isthatrealqueensgiveuptheircrownstoletotherqueensshine.21.A.inspire B.lead C.accompany D.remind22.A.important B.unnecessary C.difficult D.strange23.A.hugged B.registered C.hesitated D.agreed24.A.Showing B.Breaking C.Keeping D.Making25.A.ran B.walked C.stood D.wandered26.A.outcome B.excitement C.moment D.fact27.A.passed B.promised C.allowed D.named28.A.attendedto B.caredfor C.thoughtof D.heardabout29.A.sharing B.holding C.receiving D.putting30.A.changed B.placed C.gave D.got31.A.eagerly B.tearfully C.patiently D.sorrowfully32.A.queen B.daughter C.girl D.winner33A.see B.admire C.forgive D.trust34.A.amazing B.satisfying C.interesting D.caring35.A.value B.duty C.truth D.belief【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.D29.C30.B31.B32.A33.A34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sean为完成妻子的遗愿陪同女儿Brittany去参加返校节比赛，虽然女儿没有获奖，但获奖的女孩Nyla了解Brittany的情况，把皇冠戴在Brittany头上，帮她完成了当“女王”的心愿。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sean会陪Brittany去参加返校节比赛，Brittany在比赛中被选为返校节女王。A.inspire激励、激发；B.lead领导、带领；C.accompany陪伴；D.remind提醒。根据第二段“4theirpromise,anemotionalBrittany5arminarmwithherfatheracrossthefootballfieldwiththeothernominees(提名者)towaitforthe6ofthevoting.”（Brittany……他们的承诺，激动地和父亲手挽着手走过足球场，与其他被提名者一起等待投票结果。）中的“arminarmwithherfather”可知，Sean是陪同女儿一起参加比赛的。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女儿去参加对她来说很重要。A.important重要的；B.unnecessary不必要的；C.difficult困难的；D.strange奇怪的、陌生的。根据第一段“Beforeshepassedawayfromcancer,A.J.Waltersmadeherhusband,Seanandherdaughter,Brittanypromiseheronething:”（在A.JWalters因癌症去世之前，她让丈夫Sean和女儿Brittany向她承诺一件事：）可知，女儿参加比赛是Walters夫人临终前的遗愿，可见是非常重要的。故选A。23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brittany和Sean都同意了。A.hugged拥抱；B.registered登记、注册；C.hesitated犹豫；D.agreed同意。根据第二段“4theirpromise,anemotionalBrittany5arminarmwithherfatheracrossthefootballfieldwiththeothernominees(提名者)towaitforthe6ofthevoting.”（Brittany……他们的承诺，激动地和父亲手挽着手走过足球场，与其他被提名者一起等待投票结果。）可知，父亲和女儿最终手挽手一起走过足球场，等待投票结果，说明父亲陪女儿参加了比赛，答应了母亲临终前的要求。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brittany履行了他们的承诺，激动地和父亲手挽着手走过足球场，与其他被提名者一起等待投票结果。A.Showing展示、显示；B.Breaking打破；C.Keeping保持；D.Making制定、制造。根据第一段“BrittanyandSeanagreed.”（Brittany和Sean都同意了。）和本句中“arminarmwithherfatheracrossthefootballfieldwiththeothernominees”可知，父女二人答应了母亲临终前的要求，作出了承诺，Brittany在父亲的陪伴下参加了比赛，履行了诺言，keepone’spromise履行诺言。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brittany履行了他们的承诺，激动地和父亲手挽着手走过足球场，与其他被提名者一起等待投票结果。A.ran跑；B.walked走、步行；C.stood站；D.wandered漫步、闲逛。根据句中“arminarmwithherfatheracrossthefootballfield”可知，Brittany是和父亲挽着胳膊的，要去等待投票结果，所以应该是一起走过足球场的。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brittany履行了他们的承诺，激动地和父亲手挽着手走过足球场，与其他被提名者一起等待投票结果。A.outcome结果；B.excitement激动、兴奋；C.moment时刻；D.fact事实。根据第三段“Brittanywasn’t7homecomingqueenthatday;anothergirl,Nylawas.”（Brittany那天没有……返校节女王；另一个女孩Nyla当选。）可知，最终的投票结果是Brittany未能当选，所以她和父亲及其他提名者是去等待投票结果的。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brittany那天没有被任命为返校节女王；另一个女孩Nyla当选。A.passed通过；B.promised承诺、保证；C.allowed允许；D.named命名、任命。根据句中“anothergirl,Nylawas.”和下文的“Inanunplannedgesture,momentsafter9thecrown(王冠),NylawalkedovertoBrittany,removedthecrownfromherhead,and10itatopherfriend’s.”（在……皇冠后不久，Nyla出乎意料地走到Britanny面前，摘下了自己头上的皇冠，……她朋友的头上。）可知，最终是Nyla得到了皇冠，被任命为女王，故Brittany那天没有被任命为女王。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，和这个关系密切的社区里的许多人一样，Nyla听说过Walters一家。A.attendedto照料、处理；B.caredfor照顾、喜欢；C.thoughtof想起；D.heardabout听说。根据句中“likemanyintheclose-knitcommunity”可知，这个社区里的许多人都关系密切，彼此有所了解；结合下文中““She’dratherhavehermomthanacrown,”NylatoldCNN.“Iwastellingherthatshewashermom’s12,andthatshewaslovedbymany,especiallyme.””（“比起王冠，她更想要妈妈，”Nyla告诉CNN，我告诉她，她是她妈妈的……，很多人都爱她，尤其是我。）可知，Nyla对Brittany一家人是听说过的，有一定的了解。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在得到王冠后不久，Nyla出乎意料地走到Britanny面前，摘下了自己头上的王冠，戴在了她朋友的头上。A.sharing分享；B.holding抓住、持有；C.receiving收到、得到；D.putting放置。根据第7小题“Brittanywasn’tnamedhomecomingqueenthatday;anothergirl,Nylawas.”可知，Nyla最终当选为女王；结合句中“removedthecrownfromherhead”可知，她得到了王冠。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在得到王冠后不久，Nyla出乎意料地走到Britanny面前，摘下了自己头上的王冠，戴在了她朋友的头上。A.changed改变；B.placed放置；C.gave给；D.got得到。根据句中“NylawalkedovertoBrittany,removedthecrownfromherhead”可知，Nyla摘掉了头上的王冠，结合“atopherfriends”可知，应该是将王冠放到了朋友的头上。故选B。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：两人含泪相拥。A.eagerly渴望地；B.tearfully含泪地；C.patiently有耐心地；D.sorrowfully悲伤地。根据前文中的“NylawalkedovertoBrittany,removedthecrownfromherhead,andplaceditatopherfriend’s.”可知，Nyla将自己的王冠戴到了Brittany的头上，而Brittany也因Nyla的举动而感动，因此二人会含泪相拥。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，她是她妈妈的女王，很多人都爱她，尤其是我。A.queen女王；B.daughter女儿；C.girl女孩；D.winner获胜者。分析全文可知，“queen”是全文的关键词，文章围绕该词展开；从第一段“SeanwouldaccompanyBrittanytothehomecominggame,whereBrittanywasintherunningforhomecomingqueen.”（Sean会陪Brittany去参加返校节比赛，Brittany在比赛中被选为返校节女王。）Brittany的妈妈希望她能够成为返校节女王，但她落选了，到后来的“NylawalkedovertoBrittany,removedthecrownfromherhead,andplaceditatopherfriend’s.”Nyla将得到的王冠戴到了Brittany的头上，可推知，Nyla当时是告诉她她是妈妈的女王，值得佩戴这个王冠，符合语境。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以通过Nyla看到我妈妈。A.see看到；B.admire钦佩、仰慕；C.forgive原谅；D.trust信任。根据前文“Ifeltsomuchlovefromher,andIjustfeltsomuchloveforher,”（我从她身上感受到了那么多的爱，我对她有那么多的爱，）和下文的“Theyhavethesamecaring,givingspirit.”（她们有同样的关怀和奉献精神。）可知，Brittany感到Nyla和母亲有许多相似之处，所以她通过Nyla可以看到自己的母亲。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们有同样的关爱和奉献精神。A.amazing令人惊叹的；B.satisfying令人满意的；C.interesting有趣的；D.caring关心他人的、关爱的。根据Nyla将王冠给她戴上的行为和前文“Ifeltsomuchlovefromher,andIjustfeltsomuchloveforher,”（我从她身上感受到了那么多的爱，我对她有那么多的爱。）可知，Nyla是一个关心他人的、乐于奉献的人，有着关爱和奉献精神。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但事实是，真正的女王会放弃自己的王冠，让其他女王发光。A.value价值；B.duty责任；C.truth事实、实情；D.belief信任、信仰。根据前文“There’sasayingthatrealqueensfixeachother’scrowns.”（俗话说真正的女王会给对方修王冠。）和本句中的转折词“But”，并结合句意可知，事实应该是：真正的女王会放弃自己的王冠，让其他女王发光。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Morethan10,000yearsago,peopleinMexicoandCentralAmericagatheredandatethefruitofwildavocado(牛油果)treesand___36___didn’ttakelongbeforetheystartedtoplantthishigh-fat,tastyfood.Thename“avocado”___37___(be)fromanAztecwordahuacatl,whichreferstotheshapeofthefruit.Theearliestevidenceofhuman___38___(consume)ofavocadosistheseeds,orstones,foundinCoxcatlanCaveintheTehuacanValley,Mexico,___39___havedatedbacktoaround8,000BCE.Thehighoilcontentoftheavocado’sgreenfleshwouldhavemadethefruitavaluableaddition___40___theprehistoricdiet.Domesticationoftheavocadosoonfollowed,withthetrees___41___(plant)inMexicoandCentralAmerica.BythetimetheexplorerChristopherColumbus___42___(reach)SouthAmericain1492,avocadoswerebeingconsumedasfarsouthasPeru.Today,Mexicoistheworld’sleadingavocadoproducer,andthefruitisalso___43___importantcropintheUSstateofCalifornia,theDominicanRepublic,andIndonesia.Withanamazingflavour,butteryflesh,andhighnutrientcontent,theavocadohasenjoyedarecentriseinpopularity,andpeoplecontinuetofindinnovativeways___44___(enjoy)it.Itisperhapsmostfamousasthemainingredientofsalad,butinLatinAmericaavocadosarestill____45____(wide)usedtogarnish(搭配)chickenandpotatosoup.【答案】36.it37.is38.consumption39.which40.to41.planted42.reached43.an44.toenjoy45.widely【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了牛油果。【36题详解】考查固定句型。句意：一万多年前，墨西哥和中美洲的人们采集并食用野牛油果，没过多久，他们就开始种植这种高脂肪、美味的食物。itdidn’ttakelongbefore...意为“没过多久就……”，符合句意。故填it。【37题详解】考查一般现在时，主谓一致。句意：“牛油果”这个名字来自阿兹特克语ahuacatl，指的是这种水果的形状。句子的主语为“Thename”，因此需要用单数，此处为陈述事实，且根据后文定语从句的谓语“refers”可知，该句时态为一般现在时因此用一般现在时。故填is。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：最早的人类食用牛油果的证据是在墨西哥特瓦坎山谷的科克斯卡特兰洞穴中发现的牛油果的种子或石头，可以追溯到公元前8000年左右。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入名词，consume的名词为consumption；构成of所有格；此处表示“消耗”为不可数名词。故填consumption。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：最早的人类食用牛油果的证据是在墨西哥特瓦坎山谷的科克斯卡特兰洞穴中发现的牛油果的种子或石头，可以追溯到公元前8000年左右。分析句子结构可知，空格及其后面为非限制性定语从句修饰theseeds；先行词为名词。故填which。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：牛油果的果肉的高含油量将使这种水果成为史前饮食的宝贵补充。avaluableadditionto意为“对……是一个有价值的补充”。故填to。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：牛油果很快就被驯化了，种植在墨西哥和中美洲。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入非谓语动词；trees与plant之间是逻辑上的被动关系。故填planted。【42题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：当探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布于1492年到达南美洲时，牛油果已经被南至秘鲁食用。此处的时间状语为1492，过去的时间，因此需要使用一般故去时。故填reached。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：如今，墨西哥是世界上最大的牛油果生产国，这种水果也是美国加利福尼亚州、多米尼加共和国和印度尼西亚的重要作物。分析句子结构可知，此处位于单数可数名词前，因此需要填入冠词；important以元音音素开头，因此用an。故填an。【44题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：牛油果有着令人惊叹的味道、黄油般的果肉和高营养含量，最近越来越受欢迎，人们继续寻找创新的方式来享受它。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入非谓语动词，本句中表示目的，因此需要填入动词不定式，表示目的。findawaytodosth.为固定搭配。故填toenjoy。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：牛油果可能是最著名的沙拉原料，但在拉丁美洲，牛油果仍然被广泛用于鸡肉和土豆汤的装饰。此处修饰