(完整版)虚拟语气倒装(讲解+练习)

虚拟语气有些条件句是可能实现的，称为真实条件句.虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达说话人的意愿.请求，设想，等未能或不可能实现的事实，或说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况.做这类题时首先要弄清楚虚拟语气的各种句型，即由if引导的虚拟条件句，省略if的倒装形式，可跟虚拟语气的宾语从句，同位语从句，表语从句的句型，以及表示祝愿或感叹的句子和由without，butfor等介词引导的短语或句子.主要用法1).主语从句，同位语从句中虚拟语气的用法.2).宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法，尤其是wish虚拟语气结构的用法.3).If条件句中虚拟语气的用法，应特别注意省略if的倒装结构是考试的重点.4).wouldrather（=wish）等结构中虚拟语气的用法.5).ifonly（如果。。。就好了）结构中虚拟语气的用法.6).But，or，otherwise等含蓄条件句的用法.7).It’stime(that)（早该。。。。）等结构中虚拟语气的用法.1.虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的运用(1)虚拟语气现在时，用以表示与现在/将来事实相反的假设或现在实现可能性不大的情况.条件从句主句If：动词过去式(be多用were)would/should/could/might+动词原形If（一般现在时），主句（一般将来时：will/shall/can+动词原形）条件从句主句had+过去分词would/should/could/might+have+过去分词Eg.IfIwereabird，Iwouldflytoyou.Ifitisnotfortheirhelp，weshallbeinaverydifficultposition.Ifitwerenotfortheirhelp，weshouldbeinaverydifficultposition.IfIhadseenthefilm,Iwould…..(2)虚拟语气过去式.表示与过去事实完全相反的假设.Eg.Ifwehadstartedearlier，weshouldnothavemissedthetrain.Ifshehadn’tbeenill，shemighthavecome.Ifshewerenotill，shemightcome.◆书面语中，如果从句里含有should，had，were或其他助动词，则可将从属连词if省去，将助动词.情态动词.be或have放在句首形成部分倒装.Eg.Wereheinyourposition，he’ddothesame.IfheWereinyourposition，he’ddothesame.HadIhadtime，Iwouldhavedonethatyesterday.IfIHadhadtime，Iwouldhavedonethatyesterday.IfheShould(万一)cometomorrow，Ishouldgivehimthedictionary.(3)虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用.A)在(表现了说话人的愿望)wish，suggest，order，demand，propose，command，request，recommend，require，decide，insist，desire，urge等动词的宾语从句(should:应该)+动词原形.以及wouldrather/soonerthat后要用“(should:应该)+动词原形”来表示愿望，建议，命令，要求等;由上述动词派生或转化的名词suggestion，proposal，plan，motion，recommendation，demand，order，desire，request，requirement，insistence，advice，decision，obligatory(义不容辞的，必须的同位语从句或表语从句中也要用相应的虚拟形式.Eg.Hissuggestionwasthatwe(should)goatonce.Wanginsistedthatwegoatonce.B)在Itis/was+某些形容词+that(表现了说话人的愿望)从句的句型中，that从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”这些形容词有:important，necessary，essential，imperative，natural，strange，advisable，desirable，possible，probable，astonishing，surprising，desired，suggested，requested，recommended，ordered，proposed，decided，moved等.C)“should(居然/竟然)+动词原形(或完成形式)”可表示惊奇，遗憾，怀疑，不满等.ⅰ.用于expect，believe，think，suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中.Eg.Ineverexpectedthatthenewapartmentshouldbesosmall.ⅱ.用于“Itisapity，itisashame，itisnowonder等+that”等结构后的主语从句中.Eg.Itisapitythatheshouldbesocareless.D)在由forfearthat，incase，lest等引导的状语从句中，用“should(万一)+动词原形”表示“惟恐”的意思.Eg.Hehandledtheinstrumentwithcareforfearthatitshouldbedamaged.E)在“Itis(about/high)time+that(从句)(早就应该)”中，谓语动词常用过去式表表示虚拟语气.Eg.ItishightimethatChinesepeoplelearntEnglish.F)在“asif/asthough”(似乎/好像)引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish的宾语从句的虚拟形式相同.Eg.Heworkswithsuchenthusiasmasifheneverknewfatigue.HespeaksEnglishasthoughhewereanAmerican.G)在look/sound/feel/seem+asif/asthough从句中，当表示真实情况时，用陈述语气;否则，用虚拟语气.Eg.Itseemsasiftheyknoweachother.(真实情况)Itseemsasiftheykneweachother.Itseemsasthoughitwerealreadyspring.(虚拟语气)H)用在ifonly（如果。。。就好了）引起的感叹句中.Eg.Ifonlythedriverdidn’tdrivesofast!虚拟语气:1)假设类:过去时;2)愿望类:(should)+动词原形

1.IfI____wherehelived，I____anotetohim.

A.knew，would

B.hadknown，wouldhavesent

C.know，wouldsend

D.knew，wouldhavesent

2.Ifthey____earlierthanexpected，they____herenow.

A.hadstarted，wouldbe

B.started，mightbe

C.hadstarted，wouldhavebeen

D.willstart，mighthavebeen

3.Ididn'tknowhistelephonenumber.____it，I____then.

A.HadIknown，wouldringhimup

B.ShouldIknow，wouldhaverunghimup

C.IfIknew；wouldringhimup

D.HadIknown；wouldhaverunghimup

4.Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_____，she____absentfromschool.

A.werenotill，wouldn'tbe

B.hadbeenill，wouldn'thavebeen

C.hadbeenill，shouldhavebeen

D.hadn'tbeenill，couldbe

5.WereItodoit，I________itsomeotherway.

A.willdo

B.woulddo

C.wouldhavedone

D.weretodo

1~5BADAB

6.I________himtheanswer________possible，butIwassobusythen.

A.couldtell，ifithadbeen

B.musthavetold，wereit

C.shouldhavetold，haditbeen

D.shouldhavetold，shoulditbe

7.Withoutyourhelp，we________somuch.

A.won'tachieve

B.didn'tachieve

C.don'tachieve

D.wouldn'thaveachieved

8.Youdidn'ttakehisadvice.________hisadvice，you________suchamistake.

A.Hadyoutaken，wouldn'thavemade

B.Ifyouhadtaken，wouldmake

C.Wereyoulotake，shouldn'thavemade

D.Haveyoutaken，won'thavemade

9.Wewishwe____whatyoudidwhenwewereathighschool.

A.did

B.couldhavedone

C.havedone

D.shoulddo

10.Shewishesshe____tothetheatrelastnight.

A.went

B.wouldgo

C.hadgone

D.weregoing6~10CDABC

11.Tomisveryshortnow.Hismotherwishesthathe________betallwhenhegrowsup.

A.could

B.should

C.would

D.wereableto

12.MysisteradvisedmethatI________accepttheinvitation.

A.could

B.must

C.should

D.might

13.Heasksthathe________anopportunitytoexplainwhyhe'srefusedtogothere.

A.isgiven

B.mustgive

C.shouldgive

D.begiven

14.DoyouthinkofWangFang'ssuggestionthathe________Mr.Litotheparty？

A.willinvite

B.haveinvited

C.isinvited

D.invite

15.Iinsistedthathe________atonce.

A.begone

B.go

C.wouldgo

D.mightgo

11~15CCDDB

16.LiMinginsistedthathe________anythingatall.

A.hadn'tstolen

B.shouldn'tsteal

C.doesn'tsteal

D.steal

17.Itisquitenaturalthatmycominglateagain________themveryangry.

A.hadmade

B.wouldmake

C.makes

D.make

18.Heactsasifhe________everythingintheworld.

A.knew

B.knows

C.hasknown

D.won'tknow

19.ReaditaloudsothatI________youclearly.

A.mayhear

B.willhear

C.hear

D.haveheard

20.Theygotupearlyinorderthatthey________theyfirsttrain.

A.caught

B.willcatch

C.mightcatch

D.shallcatch

16~20ADAAC

21.Iamsorrythathe________insuchpoorhealth.

A.are

B.shallbe

C.were

D.shouldbe

22.Thatisagoodbook.You________ityesterday.

A.couldbuy

B.shouldbuy

C.shouldhavebought

D.bought

23.Itishightimewe________home.

A.willgo

B.wouldgo

C.havegone

D.went

24.I'dratherthatyou________home.

A.went

B.havegone

C.willgo

D.hadgone

21~25DCDAD

26~30BDDAA

25.IfonlyI_________tothelecture！

A.listen

B.willlisten

C.amlistening

D.hadlistened

26.——Ifhe_____，he______thatfood.

----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.

A.waswarned，wouldnottake

B.hadbeenwarned，wouldnothavetaken

C.wouldbewarned，hadnottaken

D.wouldhavebeenwarned，hadnottaken

27.Ididn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_________，shewouldhavemetmybrother.

A.hascome

B.didcome

C.came

D.hadcome

28.Withoutelectricity，humanlife________quitedifferenttoday.

A.is

B.willbe

C.wouldhavebeen

D.wouldbe

29.He________youmorehelp，eventhoughhewasverybusy.

A.mighthavegiven

B.mightgive

C.mayhavegiven

D.maygive

30.Ifcitynoises_______fromincreasing，people_______shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.

A.arenotkept，willhaveto

B.arenotkept，haveto

C.donotkeep，willhaveto

D.donotkeep，haveto

31~35DABBD

31.Mike'sfather，aswellashismother，insistedthathe________home.

A.stayed

B.couldstay

C.hasstayed

D.stay

32.Mr.Smithinsistedthathe________theworkall.

A.haddone

B.havedone

C.did

D.so

33.Janewouldneverhavegonetotheparty________thatMarywouldcometoseeher.

A.hassheknown

B.hadsheknown

C.ifsheknow

D.ifshehasknown

34.Ifyouhadenoughmoney，what________？

A.willyoubuy

B.wouldyoubuy

C.wouldyouhavebought

D.willyouhavebought

35.Ifyou________thatfilmlatelastnight，youwouldn'tbesosleepy.

A.didn'tsee

B.haven'tseen

C.wouldn'thaveseen

D.hadn'tseen

36.Ourmonitorrequestedthat________.

A.alltheclassstudiedmorecarefullytheproblem

B.theproblemwasmorecarefullystudied

C.withgreatcaretheproblemcouldbestudied

D.alltheclassstudytheproblemmorecarefully

37.——Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible？

Yes,butI________busydoingmyhomework.

A.was

B.were

C.hadbeen

D.wouldbe

38.Histiredfacesuggestedthathe________reallytiredafterthelongwalk.

A.hadbeen

B.was

C.be

D.shouldbe

39.Itisimportantthatwe________.

A.shallclosethewindowbeforeweleave

B.willclosethewindowbeforeweleave

C.mustclosethewindowbeforeweleave

D.closethewindowbeforeweleave

40.Ididn'tknowhistelephonenumber，otherwiseI______him.

A.hadtelephoned

B.wouldtelephone

C.wouldhavetelephoned

D.telephone

参考答案

1~5BADAB

6~10CDABC

11~15CCDDB

16~20ADAAC

21~25DCDAD

26~30BDDAA

31~35DABBD

36~40DABDC倒装1．以neither，nor或so开头的句子或分句，通常用倒装。Neither或nor用于否定句中，so用于肯定句中。Eg.Theycananswerthequestion.SocanIHedidn’tattendthepartylastnight，neitherdidshe.2.当某些具有否定意义的词或短语放在句首作状语时，句子为部分倒装。常见的这部分词有：little，few,never，rarely，scarcely,hardly，seldom等(几乎不)。notuntil（直到）；短语有：innoway，atnotime，innocase，bynomeans，undernocircumstances(绝不)等;以及部分关联词：hardly(scarcely/barely)…when…(一…就)，nosooner…than…等(一…就)Eg.Seldomhave//wefeltascomfortableasathome.我们很少象在家里住得那么舒适。Notuntilmanyyearslater//didthewholetruthbecomeknown.3.由并列连接词notonly…butalso…，neither…nor…等连接的句子，如果notonly，neither放在句首。应部分倒装。4.only位于句首并后跟状语时需用部分倒装。Onlyundertheleadershipofthepartycanwe//leadahappylife.5.当从属连词so…that和such…that中的so和such位于句首时，句子为部分倒装。Suchwasthefloodthatmanypeoplebecamehomeless.6.在连词as或than引导的状语从句中，为了保持局子的平衡，句子可全部倒装，也可局部倒装。Asistheteacher，soisthepupil.Asisthefather，soistheson.倒装句练习题

1.NotuntilIbegantowork____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.

A.didn'tIrealize

B.didIrealize

C.Ididn'trealize

D.Irealized

2.Onlybypractisingafewhourseveryday____beabletomasterthelanguage.

A.youcan

B.canyou

C.youwill

D.willyou

3.Ifyoudon'tgo，neither____.

A.shallI

B.doI

C.Ido

D.Ishall

4.Nosooner____tothestation____thetrainleft.

A.hadIgot，when

B.Ihadgot，than

C.hadIgot，than

D.didIget，when

5.——Yourfatherisverystrictwithyou.

____.Heneverletsoffasinglemistakeofours.

A.Soheis

B.Soishe

C.Heisso

D.Sodoeshe

1~5BDACA

6.____today，hewouldgettherebySunday.

A.Wouldheleave

B.Washeleaving

C.Werehetoleave

D.IfheleaveBetodo:将要做。。。。7.Neverinmylife____suchathing.

A.Ihaveheardorhaveseen

B.haveIheardorseen

C.Ihaveheardorseen

D.didIhearorsee

8.——Here____！WhereisXiaoLiu？

There____.

A.comesthebus，ishe

B.comesthebus，heis

C.thebuscomes，ishe

D.thebuscomes，heis

9.____，Iwillnotbuyit.

A.MuchasdoIlikeit

B.AsmuchIlikeit

C.MuchasIlikeit

D.AsIlikeitmuch

10.——Ilikefootball.Idon'tlikevolleyball.

____.

A.SodoI

B.NeitherdoI

C.Soitiswithme

D.Soisitwithme

6~10CBBCC

11._____theexpense，I_____toItaly.

A.Ifitwerenot，go

B.Wereitnotfor，wouldgo

C.Weren'titfor，willgo

D.Ifithadn'tbeen，wouldhavegone

12.So_____inthedarknessthathedidn'tdaretomoveaninch.

A.hewasfrightened

B.washefrightened

C.frightenedhewas

D.frightenedwashe

13.——Inmodemtimes，girlslikebeautifulclothes.

Yes,_____and

.Afterall,ourlifehasgreatlyimproved.

A.sodothey，sodoyou

B.sotheydo，soyoudo

C.sodothey，soyoudo

D.sotheydo，sodoyou

14.——YouhaveanEnglishclasseverydayexceptSunday.

_____.

A.Sowehave

B.Sowedo

C.Sohavewe

D.Sodowe

15.Iwonderifyourwifewillgototheball.Ifyourwife_____，so_____mine.

A.does，will

B.will，does

C.will，would

D.does，do

11~15BDDBA

16.OnlyafterIreadthetextoveragain_____itsmainidea.

A.thatIknew

B.didIknew

C.1couldknow

D.Ididknow

17.——YouseemtohavelearnedalltheEnglishwordsbyheart.

_____.

A.Soldo

B.Sodol

C.SoIhave

D.SohaveI

18.——IseldomwatchTV，butlistentotheradioalot.

_____

.

A.SodoI

B.NeitherdoI

C.Imthesame

D.Soitiswithme

19.Soexcited_____thathecouldn'tsayaword.

A.heseemed

B.didheseem

C.washeseeming

D.hedidlook

20.Jimmywassonervousnotasingleword_____downinthedictation.

A.hewrote

B.hewaswritten

C.didhewrite

D.washewritten

16~20BADBC

21.Little______when1tookthetripwhereitwouldleadme.

A.haveIknown

B.hadIknown

C.do1know

D.didIknow

22.——Haveyoueverseenanythinglikethatbefore？

----____.

A.No，Ineverhaveseenanythinglikethatbefore

B.No，neverIhaveseenanythinglikethatbefore

C.No，neverhave1seenanythinglikethatbefore

D.No，Ihaveseenanythinglikethatbeforenever

23._____，1wouldaccepttheinvitationandgototheparty.

A.WereIyou

B.WasIyou

C.HadIbeenyou

D.Would1beyou

24.Youshouldworkless_____.

A.andneithershouldI

B.andsoshouldI

C.andnorshouldI

D.andsoIshould

25._____andcaughtthemouse.

A.Upthecatjumped

B.Thecatupjumped

C.UpjumpedthecatD.Jumpedupthecat

26.Notonly_____apromise，butalsohekeptit.

A.didhemake

B.hemade

C.doeshemake

D.hashemade

27.Hisuncleisaworkerandhasbeenworkinginthefactoryformorethantenyears._____.

A.Soishisaunt

B.Sohashisaunt

C.Sohisauntdoes

D.Soitiswithhisaunt

28.Notonce_____theirplan.

A.didtheychange

B.theychanged

C.changedthey

D.theydidchange

29.——DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother？

Idon'tknow,and______.

A.nordon'tIcare

B.nordoIcare

C.Idon'tcareneither

D.Idon'tcarealso

30.Notuntilhearrivedhome_____hefindthatthiswallethadbeenstolen.

A.did

B.would

C.when

D.that

31.——Thisisoneoftheoldesttreesintheworld.

_____suchabigtree.

A.NeverIhaveseen

B.Ihaven'tneverseen

C.NeverhaveIseen

D.Ihaveseennever

32.Nowhereelseintheworld_____cheapertailoring（裁缝业，成衣业）thaninHongKong.

A.atouristcanfind

B.canatouristfind

C.atouristwillfind

D.atouristhasfound

33._____succeedindoinganything.

A.Onlybyworkinghardwecan

B.Byonlyworkinghardwecan

C.Onlywecanbyworkinghard

D.Onlybyworkinghardcanwe

34._____thatweallwentout，lyinginthesun.

A.Sofinewastheweather

B.Sowasthefineweather

C.Theweatherwassofinewas

D.Sotheweatherwastine

35.____aniceman____thatweallbelievehim.

A.So，didheseem

B.So，heseemed

C.Such，heseemed

D.Such，didheseem

36.——Youseemtobeanactor.

____

.Ihaveplayedmanypartsinalotoffilms.

A.SodoI

B.SoamI

C.SoIdo

D.SoIam

37.Notonly____

workinghard，butalso____verypolite.

A.theboyis，heis

B.istheboy，heis

C.theboyis，ishe

D.istheboy，ishe

38.____，heneverseemsabletodotheworkbeautifully.

A.Tryashedoes

B.Ashetries

C.Tryasdoeshe

D.Astryhedoes

39.——Icannotseethepicturewellfromhere.

----_____.

A.NeithercantI

B.NeitherIcan

C.Ican'tneither

D.NeithercanI

40.——Yououghttohavegiventhemsomeadvice

----_____,butwhocaredwhatIasked?

A.Sooughtyou

B.So1ought

C.Soitwas

D.SoIdid

41.Socarelessly_____thathealmostkilledhimself.

A.hedrives

B.doeshedrive

C.didhedrive

D.hedrove

42.Little_____abouthisownhealththoughhewasveryill.

A.hecared

B.didhecare

C.hecares

D.doeshecare

43.Well____knowhimandwell____knowme.

A.Idid，hedid

B.didI，hedid