考点分类练1　细节理解题(1)阅读理解2025年高考总复习优化设计二轮专题英语X课后习题专项能力提升练含答案

考点分类练1细节理解题(1)阅读理解2025年高考总复习优化设计二轮专题英语X课后习题专项能力提升练含答案考点分类练(一)细节理解题(1)(分值:27.5分时间:25分钟)Passage1(2024山东青岛三模)主题:虚拟读书俱乐部词数:263难度:★★☆☆☆JointheVirtualBookClubJoinourvirtualcommunity,whichwillintroduceyoutofellowalumni(校友)acrossindustries,generations,andgeographiesallwhilegainingdifferentperspectivesbyreadingthebook.WhyJoinReadingisgoodforyou.Itcanreducestressandincreaseyouremotionalintelligenceandyourcreativity.Thefacilitatedbookclubwillalsoprovidenewinsightstomakeyoumoreeffectiveinareasincludingleadershipandcommunicationskills,whichwillhelpyoubecomealifelonglearner.HowItWorksJoiningiscompletelyfree.Youjusthavetogetacopyofthebooktoenjoy.ThenyoucanparticipateanywhereyouhaveInternetaccessandondaysandattimesthatareconvenientforyou.Thebookclubwillconnectthroughaprivateforumwhereallparticipantscandiscussthecurrentbookandnetworkwitheachother.ItwillhavealeaderfromProfessionalBookClub(PBC)Guruwhomanagestheforum,sharesrelevantarticlesandatfacilitatesconversationsabouttopicsinthebook.Memberswillbeencouragedtopostandshareaswell.TheBooksThebookclubwillreadonebookeverytwomonthssothatyou’llhaveplentyoftimeforeachbook.Wewillvoteamongseveraloptionseachperiodanddecideonthebooktoreadaccordingtoreaderinterests.Feelfreetonamespecifictitlesandincludethingslike“nottootechnical”or“easybutinformativereads”.OurMaytoJulySelection:DemonCopperheadbyBarbaraKingsolver.Ifyouhavebetween1and1.5hoursaweektoread,youshouldbefine.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个虚拟读书俱乐部的相关信息。1.Whatisprobablythemainreasonforjoiningtheclub?A.Tomeetschoolmates.B.Toimproveacademicperformance.C.Toraisehealthlevel.D.Toembracecontinuouslearning.答案D解析推理判断题。根据WhyJoin部分的“Thefacilitatedbookclubwillalsoprovidenewinsightstomakeyoumoreeffectiveinareasincludingleadershipandcommunicationskills,whichwillhelpyoubecomealifelonglearner.”可知,加入俱乐部的主要原因可能是为了接受持续的学习。2.Whatareyouexpectedtodointheclub?A.Downloadthebookinadvance.B.Haveonlinediscussions.C.Managepublicforums.D.Postpersonalexperiences.答案B解析细节理解题。根据HowItWorks部分的“Thebookclubwillconnectthroughaprivateforumwhereallparticipantscandiscussthecurrentbookandnetworkwitheachother.”可知,你需要在俱乐部中进行在线讨论。3.Onwhatbasisdoestheclubselectthebooktoread?A.Readerinterests.B.Salesvolume.C.Writer’spopularity.D.Expertrecommendations.答案A解析细节理解题。根据TheBooks部分的“Wewillvoteamongseveraloptionseachperiodanddecideonthebooktoreadaccordingtoreaderinterests.”可知,俱乐部选择阅读书籍的基础是读者的兴趣。Passage2(2024贵州贵阳一模)主题:鹭岭的转变词数:375难度:★★★☆☆TheLulingMountainsinJinzhou,LiaoningProvince,usedtobeadesertedareawithoutevenasingletree.Now,itisaleafyparadiseforbirds,andtouristsarefloodingin.ThehugetransformationhasoccurredthankstotheconsistenteffortsofTianWangui,67,andhiswifeLuMin,63,overnearlyhalfacentury.In1982,thecouplecontractedtheland-userightsofthetwomountainsneartheirhome.Theyintendedtoplantfruittreesinthemountainstomakealiving.Backthen,themountainsweredesertedwithnotreesatall.Tohelptheseedlings(树苗)theyplantedsurviveinthebarren(贫瘠的)land,thecouplehadtocarrywatertothemountainsontheirbacks.Theyalsoboughtwhateverseedswereavailablefromanearbyforestfarmandspreadthemeveryspring,hopingtoafforestthemountains.Withsuchanextensiveplantingmethod,however,theyinitiallyfailedtoseemanyseedstakerootinthebarrensoil.Butthecoupledidn’tgiveup.Thecouple’sperseverancefinallypaidoff.Theydiscoveredthatsometreespeciesweretoughenoughtosurvive,includingpineandmulberry.Now,morethan50,000treesofover20speciescoverthelandtheycontracted,followingtheirconsistenteffortstosowtreeseedsyearafteryear.Asthemountainsbecamelush(郁郁葱葱),TianandLuwerechargedwithanewtask—patrolling(巡逻)theirnearly67hectaresofforesteverydaytopreventfires.Thepatrolevendidn’tstopontheeveoflastyear’sChineseLunarNewYear.InsteadofwatchingtheCCTVSpringFestivalGalaonJan.21stlikemostChinese,thecouplewenttopatrolthemountainswiththefamiliesoftheirsonanddaughter.“Manypeoplesetofffireworkstomarkthearrivalofthenewyear,sotheholidayisatimewhenwehavetostaycautiousagainstfirethreats,”Tiansaid.Thecouplehasnoplanstoquittheirwork,andtheyhopetheirchildrenwillfollowintheirfootsteps.“Wecherishthemountainsandtreesaswecherishourownchildren,”Lusaid.“Evenaswegrowold,theywillcontinuetopatrolthewoodsandwatchoverthebirds.”【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了辽宁省锦州市鹭岭由一片荒芜变成树木繁茂的鸟类天堂的转变过程。4.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Themountains.B.Theforestfarm.C.Thepoorcouple.D.Thetoughcondition.答案D解析主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Backthen,themountainsweredesertedwithnotreesatall.Tohelptheseedlingstheyplantedsurviveinthebarrenland,thecouplehadtocarrywatertothemountainsontheirbacks.”以及“Withsuchanextensiveplantingmethod,however,theyinitiallyfailedtoseemanyseedstakerootinthebarrensoil.”可知,第二段主要讲的是艰苦的环境,故选D项。5.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Morethan20speciesweresowedeveryyear.B.Pineandmulberrycannotsurviveontheland.C.Theircontinuouseffortseventuallyworked.D.Theybought50,000treesaccordingtothecontract.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,这对夫妇的持续努力有了回报,故选C项。6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethecouple?A.Honestandhardworking.B.Curiousandbrave.C.Determinedandpersevering.D.Friendlyandintelligent.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Withsuchanextensiveplantingmethod,however,theyinitiallyfailedtoseemanyseedstakerootinthebarrensoil.Butthecoupledidn’tgiveup.”以及倒数第二段中的“Thepatrolevendidn’tstopontheeveoflastyear’sChineseLunarNewYear.InsteadofwatchingtheCCTVSpringFestivalGalaonJan.21stlikemostChinese,thecouplewenttopatrolthemountainswiththefamiliesoftheirsonanddaughter.”可推理出,这对夫妇是坚定不移、持之以恒的,故选C项。7.Whydothecoupledecidetocontinuetheirwork?A.Theyregardthemountainsastheirchildren.B.Theywanttheirchildrentosucceedtheircareer.C.Theycanearnmuchmoneyfromthemountains.D.Theyhavealife-longcontractwiththegovernment.答案A解析细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,这对夫妻决定继续他们的工作是因为他们把大山看成是他们的孩子,故选A项。Passage3(2024河南新乡二模)主题:沙漠变成种植园词数:377难度:★★★★☆Climatechangeiscausingmoreareastoturnintodeserts.Thisissueisaffectingthelivesof250millionpeopleaslandthatusedtobegoodforfarmingbecomesdryandunproductive.Aroundone-thirdoftheworld’slandisimpacted,includingregionsinAfrica,southernEurope,AsiaandAmerica.SandtoGreenisaMoroccancompanythatcantransformapatchofdesertintoasustainableandprofitableplantationinfiveyears,accordingtoWissalBenMoussa,itsco-founderandchiefagriculturalofficer.Thesolutionisusingagroforestry(农林业)tocreateanewkindofagriculturethatissustainableandthatcanberesilient(有适应力的)infrontofclimatechange.Thesystemcanbesetupclosetoanysourceofsaltywater,whichSandtoGreencleansusingenergyfromthesun.Itthengrowsdifferenttypesoffruittreesandplantstogetherinthesamearea—amethodcalledmixedplanting—andwaterstheplants’rootsdirectlywiththecleanedwater,toreducewaterlosstotheair.ThesoilisregeneratedusingwhatSandtoGreencalls“greenmanure”,amixturethatincludescompost,biochar(生物炭)andmicroorganismsthathelpthesoil“wakeup”.Biocharisaformofcharcoalthatcanhelpdrysoilholdontowater.Inafive-hectaretrialinsouthernMoroccothat’sbeenrunningsince2017,SandtoGreenhastriedoutavarietyofplantsinsearchofthebestperformers.Amongtheintercroppingherbs(草本植物)thathavebeensuccessfullytrialedarerosemary,geranium,vetiverandcitronella,whichBenMoussadescribesas“verylow-maintenanceandveryhigh-profit”.SandtoGreenisnowworkingtoscaleuptoa20-hectarecommercialsite,alsoinsouthernMorocco.Itsaysasiteofthatsizewouldcostaround$475,000tosetupandwouldstartbringingfinancialreturnsinaboutfiveyears.

AccordingtoBenMoussa,withthissystemtheycreatebiodiversity,whichmeansbettersoil,healthiercropsandabiggeryield.Theplantationcangenerate1.5timesmoreyield,thusmakingmoremoneythanafarmthatgrowsonlyonetypeofcropinthesamespace.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候变化导致越来越多的地区变成沙漠。这一问题正在影响2.5亿人的生活,因为过去适合耕种的土地变得干旱和贫瘠。摩洛哥的一家公司可以在五年内将一片沙漠变成一个可持续的、有利可图的种植园。8.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeinparagraph1?A.Deforestation. B.Desertification.C.Globalwarming. D.Urbanization.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,作者在第一段描述了沙漠化的现象。9.WhydidSandtoGreenuseagroforestry?A.Topreservethecrop’ssurvivalrate.B.Toprotectwaterfrompollution.C.Tomakeanewtypeofsoil.D.Tohelppeopleadapttoclimatechange.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thesolutionisusingagroforestrytocreateanewkindofagriculturethatissustainableandthatcanberesilientinfrontofclimatechange.”以及第三段中“ThesoilisregeneratedusingwhatSandtoGreencalls‘greenmanure’,amixturethatincludescompost,biocharandmicroorganismsthathelpthesoil‘wakeup’.”可知,“SandtoGreen”采用农林业是因为可以保持作物的存活率。10.WhatcanwelearnaboutSandtoGreen?A.Itaimstoplantmoretrees.B.Itearnsagoodreputation.C.Itdevelopsnewplants.D.Itproducesgoodresults.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第四段中“Amongtheintercroppingherbsthathavebeensuccessfullytrialedarerosemary,geranium,vetiverandcitronella,whichBenMoussadescribesas‘verylow-maintenanceandveryhigh-profit’.”可推知,“从沙到绿”产生了良好的效果。11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“scaleup”meaninparagraph5?A.Expand. B.Object.C.Refer. D.Prefer.答案A解析词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Inafive-hectaretrial...since2017”及第五段中“toa20-hectarecommercialsite”可知,此处为“SandtoGreen”目前正在努力将试验区由5公顷扩大到20公顷的商业用地。故可猜测画线短语scaleup为“扩大”的意思,与A项Expand“扩大”意思一致。考点分类练(二)细节理解题(2)Passage1(2024福建厦门三模)主题:洛杉矶的自行车商店词数:313难度:★★★☆☆LosAngelesishometoapopularcyclingculture.Thefollowingbikeshopswillhelpyouseethecityinawholenewlight.LosAngelesBikeAcademyLosAngelesBikeAcademyisabikeshopwithacriticalmission:Provideresourcesandcommunityforlocalunderservedyouth.ItsinitiativeisitsEarn-a-Bikeprogram,wherestudentsspendtimeintheshoplearningthebasicsofbikemaintenanceandrunningastore,andtheygraduatewiththeirownbike.LABAalsoformscompetitivecyclingteamsthatraceallaroundthecountry.TheCubHouseIt’sabikeshop,aplantstoreandaniceplacetowanderthrough.Ithassomethingforeveryone.Hereyoucanplayagameofping-pongontheoutdoortable,headintotheminigreenhouseforadelicateplant,orjustadmirethevintage(老式的)cyclingclotheshungonthewalls.Finally,makesuretoswingbytheCubHousefortheL.A.Invitational,aweekendpartyfeaturingmultiplebikeridesandavintagecarandbikeshowoutsidethestore.Frank’sSomeofthewildestbikesinL.A.arerollingoutofFrank’s.ThehousespecialtyhereisBMX,specificallyluxurymodelswithlarge29-inchwheels.Thesebikesareasmuchfuntolookatastheyaretoride.Since1992,Frank’shasfoundabusinessopportunityforitselfasadestinationforBMXbuildsandhard-to-findparts.Thedisplaycounterhasenoughattractionstomatchajewelrystore.TheBicycleStandThisspaciousstorefeaturesclassicvintagebikes.It’sworthmakingatriptothisstorejusttoseetheiramazingcollection.Thestorealsospecializesinvintagebikerepaintingandrestorations.Besides,theBicycleStandteamworksonallkindsofrides,andtheshophasavarietyofrefurbished(翻新的),ready-to-ridebikesforsale.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了洛杉矶的几家自行车商店。1.WhatisspecialaboutLosAngelesBikeAcademy?A.Itaimsatrepairinglocalbikes.B.Itholdsnationalcyclingcompetitions.C.Itservesasacommunityfordisabledyouth.D.Itoffersaprogramforstudentstoearnabike.答案D解析细节理解题。根据LosAngelesBikeAcademy部分的“ItsinitiativeisitsEarn-a-Bikeprogram,wherestudentsspendtimeintheshoplearningthebasicsofbikemaintenanceandrunningastore,andtheygraduatewiththeirownbike.”可知,LosAngelesBikeAcademy为学生提供了一个赚自行车的项目。2.Whichbikeshopfavorsping-ponglovers?A.LosAngelesBikeAcademy.B.TheCubHouse.C.Frank’s.D.TheBicycleStand.答案B解析细节理解题。根据TheCubHouse部分的“Hereyoucanplayagameofping-pongontheoutdoortable,headintotheminigreenhouseforadelicateplant,orjustadmirethevintagecyclingclotheshungonthewalls.”可知,可以在TheCubHouse自行车店打乒乓球。3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Todiscussbenefitsofriding.B.Toexplainhowbikeshopswork.C.TopromotebikeshopsinL.A.D.Tointroducearidingorganization.答案C解析推理判断题。文章主要介绍了洛杉矶的几家自行车商店,由此可推知,文章的写作目的是推广洛杉矶的自行车商店。Passage2(2024吉林长春三模)主题:给陌生人写信词数:324难度:★★★☆☆Iwastheonlykidincollegewithareasontogotothemailbox,becausemymotherneverbelievedine-mail,orcellphonesingeneral.Iwasliterallywaitingtogetalettertoseehowtheweekendhadgone,whichwasusuallythewarmestcomfortforme.SowhenImovedtoNewYorkandgotsucker-punchedinthefacebydepression,IdidtheonlythingIcouldthinkof—writingletterslikemymothertostrangers.IbloggedaboutthoselettersandcrazilypromisedIwouldwriteahandwrittenlettertowhoeveraskedmeto.Overnight,myinboxbecamethisharborofheartbreak—asinglemotherinSacramento,agirlbeingbullied(恐吓)inruralKansas...allaskingmetowritethemaletterandgivethemareasontowaitbythemailbox.AndthisishowtheactTheWorldNeedsMoreLoveLetterswasborn,fueledbythosetripstothemailbox.Butthethingabouttheselettersisthatmostofthemhavebeenwrittenbypeople,whohavegrownupintoapaperlessworldwheresomebestconversationshappenswiftlyonascreen.I’vebeencarryingthismailcrate(大木箱)withmethesedays,whichisamagicalicebreaker.SoIgettotelltotalstrangersaboutawomanwhosehusbandwastraumatized(受精神创伤)fromwarinAfghanistan,andhowsheleftlovelettersthroughoutthehouseasawaytosay,“Comebacktome.”Andtheman,whohaddecidedtotakehislife,tonightsleptsafelywithlettersjustbeneathhispillow,handwrittenbystrangerswhowerethereforhim.Thesearethekindsofstoriesthatconvincemethatletter-writingwillalwaysbeneeded,eveninthesedays,becauseitisanartnow,allofit:thesigning,thescripting,andthemailing.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者通过亲手写信的方式与陌生人交谈,给他们带去了安慰。4.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theauthordidn’tbelieveine-mail.B.Momhadbeencheatedbylettersfromstrangers.C.CommunicatingbywritingletterswasMom’sfavorite.D.TheauthorwasattachedtoreceivinglettersfromMom.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,作者很喜欢收到妈妈的来信。5.Whatinspiredtheauthortolaunchtheact?A.Theletters’comfortingeffectonpeople.B.Herintentionofprovidingprofessionalaid.C.Thepositiveinfluenceofmoderntechnology.D.Hermother’sfearofmoderncommunication.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Overnight,myinboxbecamethisharborofheartbreak—asinglemotherinSacramento,agirlbeingbulliedinruralKansas...allaskingmetowritethemaletterandgivethemareasontowaitbythemailbox.”可知,信件对人们的安慰作用激发了作者发起这项活动。6.Whydoestheauthorcallthemailcrate“amagicalicebreaker”?A.Itmeltsiceeasilyonacoldday.B.Itservesasatoolformagictricks.C.Itencouragespeopletorecoverfromtraumas.D.Ithelpstostartaconversationwithpassers-by.答案D解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“SoIgettotelltotalstrangersaboutawomanwhosehusbandwastraumatizedfromwarinAfghanistan,andhowsheleftlovelettersthroughoutthehouseasawaytosay,‘Comebacktome.’Andtheman,whohaddecidedtotakehislife,tonightsleptsafelywithlettersjustbeneathhispillow,handwrittenbystrangerswhowerethereforhim.”可知,作者称邮件箱为“神奇的破冰器”是因为它开启了和陌生人的交谈。7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PassionforWritingB.PricelessFamilyLettersC.LoveLetterstoStrangersD.TheArtofWritingLetters答案C解析主旨大意题。短文叙述了作者通过亲手写信的方式与陌生人交谈,给他们带去了安慰。故短文的最佳标题为“写给陌生人的信”。Passage3(2024江苏南京、盐城二模)主题:接受焦虑词数:341难度:★★★★★“Anxiety.”Theverywordinvitesdiscomfort.Itseffects—shortnessofbreath,poundingheart,muscletension—areoutrightupsetting.But,asaclinician,Ifindthatwetendtomissoutonmanyvaluableopportunitiespresentedbythishumanemotion.Inandofitself,anxietyisnotdeadly,norisitadisease.Quitethecontrary:itisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.Onceweacceptthatitisanormal,thoughuncomfortable,partoflife,wecanuseittohelpus.Weallknowworkingoutatthegymishard.Bynature,a“goodworkout”isuncomfortable,sinceitinvolvespushingourphysicalstrengthpastwhatwecaneasilydo.Thesweetspotofexerciseisalwaysasomewhatchallengingexperience.Similarly,ifyouwanttobeemotionallystronger,youneedtofacesometension.Forexample,oneeffectivetreatmentforfearisexposuretherapy(疗法),whichinvolvesgraduallyencounteringthingsthatmakeoneanxious,reducingfearovertime.Humansaresocialcreatures.Whenmypatientslearntoopenuptotheirpartnersabouttheiranxieties,theyalmostalwaysreportagreatersenseofemotionalcloseness.Also,asinternationalrelationshipexpertSueJohnsonteaches,whenweexpressourneedforconnectionduringchallengingmoments(e.g.,“I’mhavingahardtimerightnowandcouldreallyuseyoursupport”),itcreatesgreaterconnectionandturnsouranxietyintolove.Fromtimetotime,wefindourselvesattheendofourrope.Ourresponsibilitiespileup,ourresourcesbreakdown,andwefeeluncomfortablyanxious—whatwe’reexperiencingiscalledstress.Simplyput,thedemandsplaceduponusoutweighouravailableresources,justlikeasetofscales(天平)goingoutofbalance.FocusingonworkandpretendingeverythingisOKonlyleadstodisastrousresults.Medicaltreatmentforstressmayfunctionforawhile,butittendstomakethingsworseinthelongrun.Theonlysolutiontodealwithstressistodothemathematicstobalancethescales.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了焦虑虽然令人不舒服,但接受它对我们有帮助。8.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutanxiety?A.Itisaninvitationtodiseases.B.Itindicatesstablementalhealth.C.Itcostsusmanyvaluablechances.D.Itisanaturalemotionalexpression.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Quitethecontrary:itisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.Onceweacceptthatitisanormal,thoughuncomfortable,partoflife,wecanuseittohelpus.”可知,焦虑是一种正常的情感表露。9.Whydoestheauthormention“goodworkout”inparagraph2?A.Toprovehowexerciseinfluencesemotions.B.Tosuggestaneffectivewaytochallengelimits.C.Toexplainhowanxietybuildsemotionalstrength.D.Toshowapositiveconnectionbetweenmindandbody.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Bynature,a‘goodworkout’isuncomfortable,sinceitinvolvespushingourphysicalstrengthpastwhatwecaneasilydo.”和“Similarly,ifyouwanttobeemotionallystronger,youneedtofacesometension.”可知,好的锻炼需要挑战身体的舒适区,同样,要想在情感上更坚强,有必要面对一些紧张,由此可推测出,提到“好的锻炼”是为了说明焦虑是如何帮助增强情感力量的。10.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thekeytoclosenessispartners’support.B.Sharinganxietiesimprovesrelationships.C.Humansaredefinedbytheirsocialnature.D.Expressingfeelingskeepsusoffanxieties.答案B解析主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可推出,本段主要讲述了分享焦虑有助于改善人际关系。11.Accordingtothelastparagraph,howcanwedealwithstress?A.Devotemoreenergytoourwork.B.Increaseresourcesavailabletous.C.Seekprofessionalmedicaltreatment.D.Masteradvancedmathematicalskills.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Simplyput,thedemandsplaceduponusoutweighouravailableresources,justlikeasetofscalesgoingoutofbalance.”和“Theonlysolutiontodealwithstressistodothemathematicstobalancethescales.”可知,对我们的要求超过了我们现有的资源,所以天平失去了平衡,而唯一的方法是通过数学来平衡天平,由此可推测出,要增加可用的资源,以便达到平衡。考点分类练(三)推理判断题(1)Passage1(2024江西赣州一模)主题:兄妹故事词数:342难度:★★★☆☆Atopahillinagarden,threechildrenwerehavingaheateddiscussion.“It’snotfair!”Magthrewherbiketotheground.“Whywon’tyouletmehaveago?”PaulexchangedglanceswithhisfriendBilly,bothplanningabikeramp(坡道)foranupcomingstunt(特技)bikecompetition.“You’retooyoungforit,”Pauldeclared.Upset,Magranaway.PaulandBillysetouttobuildabikerampoutofawoodenboardandanupturnedmetalbucket.Oneendoftheboardrestedonthegroundwhiletheotherrestedonthebucket.Thehillyterrainseemedperfectfortheirplan.However,eachattempttoridetherampendedwiththeboardoutofplace.Determinedtosecuretheboard,Paulrushedtohisfather’sshedandreturnedwithfourleftoverhousebricks.Placingthemstrategically,hehopeditwouldnowholdfortheirstuntattempts.PaulgaveBillythethumbs-up,whowaswaitingatthehill’shighestpoint.Billyraisedhimselfoffhisseat.Ridingdown,hefacedthestrongwind,hishelmetswinging.Absorbedintheirtesting,neithernoticedMagapproachingwithherownplan.Hiddenbehindatree,Mag,seeingherchance,kickedtheboardoffthebucket.Justatthatmoment,Billy’sbikearrivedandhesimplycouldnotbrakeintime.Withnoramp,thebikeswungviolentlyoffcourse,headingdirectlytowardtheshed.Reactingswiftly,Paulleapedaside,avoidingthebike’spathwhileBillyhitthesheddoorwithaloudbang.Mag,realizingherfault,begantosobinregret.“Whydidyoudothat?”Paul,dustinghimselfdown,turnedtofacehissister.Tearfully,Magblurted,“YouguyssaidIcouldn’thaveago...”Paul’sangerfadedaway.Hesaidgently,“Youcan’ttakepartinthesport,butyoucanhelpusrebuildtheramp.”Smilingweakly,Magputherhandinherbigbrother’s.TheyheadedovertohelpBilly,whowasalittleshakenbutotherwiseunhurt.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是三个孩子玩户外自行车特技的故事。1.WhydidMagfeel“It’snotfair!”?A.Shedidn’thaveagoodbike.B.Shewastooyoungtorideabike.C.Shewasrefusedtobuildtheramp.D.Shewasleftoutofthestuntbiketraining.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“‘Whywon’tyouletmehaveago?’PaulexchangedglanceswithhisfriendBilly,bothplanningabikerampforanupcomingstuntbikecompetition.”可知,Mag会觉得“这不公平!”是因为她不能参加特技自行车训练。2.WhatwasMag’splan?A.Tobuildherownbikeramp.B.Toapologizeforherfault.C.Todamagethebikeramp.D.TobegforPaul’spermission.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Absorbedintheirtesting,neithernoticedMagapproachingwithherownplan.”,第五段中的“Hiddenbehindatree,Mag,seeingherchance,kickedtheboardoffthebucket.”和“Withnoramp,thebikeswungviolentlyoffcourse,headingdirectlytowardtheshed.”可知,Mag的计划是破坏自行车坡道。3.HowdidMagfeelbeforewitnessingBillyhitthesheddoor?A.Regretful. B.Cheerful.C.Expectant. D.Angry.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Upset,Magranaway.”可知,刚开始Mag很不高兴,再根据倒数第三段中的“...Billyhitthesheddoorwithaloudbang.Mag,realizingherfault,begantosobinregret.”可知,Mag在看到Billy撞在小屋的门上之前是生气的,看见那一幕之后是后悔的,故选D项。4.WhatwasPaullikeinthestory?A.Ambitiousandselfless.B.Caringandunderstanding.C.Warm-heartedandcourageous.D.Humbleandconsiderate.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Paul’sangerfadedaway.Hesaidgently,‘Youcan’ttakepartinthesport,butyoucanhelpusrebuildtheramp.’”和“TheyheadedovertohelpBilly,whowasalittleshakenbutotherwiseunhurt.”可知,Paul很理解Mag为什么那么做,所以就不生气了,他也很关心Billy的状况,因此可用caring和understanding来描述Paul。Passage2(2024江苏苏锡常镇一模)主题:给予能够带来幸福词数:354难度:★★★★☆Igrewuphearingthatitisbettertogivethantoreceive,andtheolderIget,themoreIaimtotakethismessagetoheart.Nevertheless,hereIam,inthemidstoftheholidayseasonstressedoutaboutgiftsIhavenotyetpurchased.Howdidgiftbuyingbecomeanemotionallyfraughtchore(苦差事)?Foramoment,it’seasytoquestionifit’sworthit.Butsciencetellsmethatgivingmakesusfeelgood.“Theactofgivingactuallydoesimproveyourhappiness,”saysMichaelNorton,apsychologistatHarvardBusinessSchool.Hehaspublishedseveralstudiesontheeffectsofgiving.Inoneexperimentthatincludedabout700people,theresearchersrandomlyassignedparticipantstomakeeitherapurchaseforthemselves,orforastranger.Afterwards,theparticipantsreportedhowhappytheyfelt.Itturnedoutthatgivingtoothersledtoasignificanthappinessboost,whereasspendingononeselfdidn’tmovetheneedle.“Ifyoutake$5outofyourpockettoday,thesciencereallydoesshowthatspending$5onyourselfdoesn’tdomuchforyou,”Nortonsays.“Butspendingthat$5onsomebodyelseismorelikelytoincreaseyourhappiness.”Takeascarf.Ifyoubuyoneforyourself,it’sjustanotherthingyoudon’tnecessarilyneed.Butifyoubuyascarfforsomeoneelse,“you’veshownthemthatthey’reimportanttoyou,”Nortonsays.Eitherway,it’sjustascarf.“Butitcaneitherbeathrowawayobjectorsomethingthatenhancesarelationshipbetweentwopeople,”hesays.So,there’sevidencethatgenerositypromoteshappiness,buttheprocessofshopping,wrappingandschlepping(搬)giftscanbetiresome—orevenextremelyannoyingconsideringallofourday-to-daydemandsandotherholidaystressors.Studiesalsoshowwhenpeoplearegivensomethingtheyaremorelikelytogiveback.Reciprocity(互惠)isafoundationofgoodrelationshipsandwhenwesurroundourselveswithgenerouspeople,wetendtofeelthesame.Feelingthatspiritofgivingandtheconnectionitcanbringiswhattheholidaysareallabout.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了给予能够带来幸福。5.Whydoestheauthormentionhisownexperienceinparagraph1?A.Tomakeaprediction.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Topresentareason.D.Toclarifyaconcept.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,第一段讲述了虽然作者明白给予比接受好,但在节日期间自己总是因为买礼物的事情感到很有压力。接着第二段承上启下,从作者买礼物的经历引出科学表明给予让人感觉良好,结合下文内容可知,本文围绕给予能够带来幸福展开,由此可推测出,第一段提到作者自己的经历是为了引出话题。6.HowdoesNortonillustratehisopinioninparagraphs5and6?A.Bylistingdata.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingcomments.D.Bytellingpersonalexperiences.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第五段和第六段内容可知,这两段分别以5美元和一条围巾的例子讲述了给予的重要性。7.Whyispreparingagiftsometimesanemotionallyfraughtchore?A.It’sdifficultandexpensive.B.Ithappensfrequently.C.It’snotvaluedbyothers.D.Itrequiresmucheffort.答案D解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知,由于准备礼物需要花费精力,所以它有时是个苦差事。8.Whatcanwelearnaboutgivinggiftsfromthetext?A.Itisnotworththeeffort.B.Itisamusttoenhancearelationship.C.Itbringsaboutemotionalbenefits.D.Itgainspopularityduringholidays.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Butsciencetellsmethatgivingmakesusfeelgood.”和第三段中的“Theactofgivingactuallydoesimproveyourhappiness”可知,给予会让人感觉良好,提升幸福感,由此可推测出,送礼物能够带来情绪上的益处。Passage3(2024山东济南一模)主题:有声书词数:359难度:★★★★★Likemanypeopleoverthepastfewyears,Ihavefoundmyselfturningtoaudiobooksasmymainmeansofreadingliterature.Ifinditfarmorecomfortableto“readwithmyears”whilemyeyesareresting.Myconsumptionofnewbookshasdou