2022年山东省枣庄市高二下学期期末考试英语试题

2021~2022学年度第二学期质量检测高二英语试题注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADoyouwanttobeabletogetaroundinanewcountryforaweekortwo?Doyouneedtobeabletotalkwithnewfriendsorfamilymembersintheirnativelanguages?Orareyourequiredtomasteralanguageenoughtoworkfulltimeinaforeigncountry?Well,MUAMAEnenceisabletodeliverallthosethingsandalotmore!MUAMAEnenceisaninstanttranslatorcreatedbytwofamousJapaneseinventors.Itcaneasilytranslatereal-timespeechandtransformyouintoanable-communicatorinstantlyusingonlyafewfinger-taps.Comfortable&EasytoUseWithitslightweightdesignandsmallsize,MUAMAEnenceiseasytocarryaroundinanypocketorbagandisrighttherewhenneeded.Hencethename“handheldvoicetranslator”thatyouwillwanttouseeveryday!FairandReasonablePriceMUAMAEnenceisinexpensive.Anexperiencedprofessionaltranslatororinterpretercanbecostly,andyouneedtopaymorethanonce.MUAMAEnencerequiresjustaone-offpaymentforahugeselectionoflanguages.PerfectSoundQuality&Multi-LanguageSupportItiscomfortabletouseincrowdedplacesasthesoundisloudenoughtobeheardclearly.Itsbuilt-inadvancedtechnologycansupporta2-waylanguagetranslationandsoitsupportsover40languages.Moreover,atexttranslationisalsoavailable.1.WhatdoyouknowaboutMUAMAEnence?A.It’sahumantranslator. B.It’susefulforoverseastravelers.C.It’salanguagelearningmachine. D.It’stoocostlyforregularcustomers.2.WhatmakesMUAMAEnencegetitsname“handheld”voicetranslator?A.Perfectsoundquality. B.Translatingreal-timespeech.C.Supportingover40languages. D.Lightweightandsmallsize.3.Whattypeofwritingisthetext?A.Anadvertisement. B.Auserguide.C.Aresearchpaper. D.Anewsreport.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一种即时翻译设备MUAMAEnence。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段首句“Doyouwanttobeabletogetaroundinanewcountryforaweekortwo?(你想在一个陌生的国家四处转转一两个星期吗？)”和最后一句“Well,MUAMAEnenceisabletodeliverallthosethingsandalotmore!(好吧，MUAMAEnence能够提供所有这些东西，以及更多！)”以及第二段中“Itcaneasilytranslatereal-timespeechandtransformyouintoanable-communicatorinstantlyusingonlyafewfinger-taps.(它可以轻松地翻译实时语音，只需几下手指点击，就能把你瞬间变成一个优秀的沟通者)”可知，MUAMAEnence是一个实时翻译设备，对海外游客很有用。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Comfortable&EasytoUs部分中“Withitslightweightdesignandsmallsize,MUAMAEnenceiseasytocarryaroundinanypocketorbagandisrighttherewhenneeded.Hencethename‘handheldvoicetranslator’thatyouwillwanttouseeveryday!(其轻巧的设计和小巧的体积，MUAMAEnence很容易用任何口袋或包携带，需要的时候就在那里。因此得名‘掌上语音翻译’，你会想要每天使用！)”可知，MUAMAEnence是因其重量轻和体积小而得名“掌上语音翻译”，故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“Well,MUAMAEnenceisabletodeliverallthosethingsandalotmore!(好吧，MUAMAEnence能够提供所有这些东西，以及更多！)”可知，文章主要介绍了一个即时翻译设备MUAMAEnence，包括其外观设计、价格和使用性能，所以本文是一篇广告。故选A项。BOnNov.7,2020,ChrisNikicdidsomethingincredible.HebecamethefirstpersonwithDownsyndrome(唐氏综合症)tocompleteoneofthetoughestathleticcompetitionsintheworld—theIronmantriathlon.Nikicstartedthetriathlonjustbefore6a,m.onNov.7,enteringthewaterinPanamaCity,Florida,forhisswim.Duringthebikingsectionhisbikecrashedandheskinnedhisknee.Andduringawaterbreak,hewasbittenbyfireants.Buthenevergaveup.Hefinishedthetriathlonin16hours,46minutesand9secondswithjust14minutestosparebeforethecut-offtime.Fortwoyears,Nikictrainedfortheevent,usingastrategyhedevelopedwithhisfatherwhichtheycallthe“1%bettereachdayprinciple.”Everyday,Nikicandhisfatherwouldstrivetobecomeonepercentbetter.Nikic’sfathersaiditworkswellfor“ayoungmanwithDownsyndrome.”Onhiswebsite,NikicoutlinessixstrategiesthathelpedhimachievehisgoalofcompletingtheIronmantriathlon:Health(body),health(mind),friends(soul),focusonthepositive,helpsomeoneelseandpassiton.Nikicoriginallystartedexercisinginordertorecoverfromearsurgeryandgetinshape.Nowhehasothergoals:toliveindependentlyandonedayhaveabighouseandanicecarandtogetmarried.TrainingfortheIronmantriathlonhashelpedmakehisdreamcometrue.Infact,herecentlyboughtawhiteChevyandhasbeenofferedspeakinggigsthatmayenablehimtosaveupenoughmoneytobuyahouse.HisnextgoalsaretolearnhowtodriveandhehasbeeninvitedtocompeteintheUSSpecialOlympicsin2022.4.HowdidChrisNikicperforminthetriathlon?AHewonthefirstplace. B.Hehadtogiveuphalfway.C.Heheldontothelast. D.Hefinishedatthecut-offtime.5.Howdid“1%bettereachdayprinciple”affectNikic?A.Hecouldliveanormallife. B.Hemadeprogressdaybyday.C.Herecoveredfromearsurgery. D.Hegotinshapeeventually.6.WhichwordcanbestdescribeNikic?A.Unfortunate. B.Lucky. C.Strongwilled. D.Talkative.7.WhatcanwelearnfromNikic’sstory?A.Lifehasupsanddowns. B.Alliswellthatendswell.C.Hardshipisthebesttraining. D.Itisnevertoolatetochange.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了了2020年11月7日，第一个完成世界上最难的运动比赛之一——铁人三项的唐氏综合症患者克里斯·尼克奇。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Buthenevergaveup.Hefinishedthetriathlonin16hours,46minutesand9secondswithjust14minutestosparebeforethecut-offtime.(但他从未放弃。他以16小时46分9秒的成绩完成了三项全能比赛，离比赛截止时间只剩14分钟了。)”可知，尼克奇没有放弃，坚持到了最后，也完成了比赛。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段前三句“Fortwoyears,Nikictrainedfortheevent,usingastrategyhedevelopedwithhisfatherwhichtheycallthe‘1%bettereachdayprinciple.’Everyday,Nikicandhisfatherwouldstrivetobecomeonepercentbetter.Nikic’sfathersaiditworkswellfor‘ayoungmanwithDownsyndrome.’(两年时间里，尼克奇一直在为这项赛事进行训练，他使用的是他和父亲一起制定的策略，他们称之为‘每天提高1%的原则’。每一天，尼克奇和他的父亲都会努力变得（比前一天）好百分之一。尼克奇的父亲说，它对‘一个患有唐氏综合症的年轻人’很有效。)”可知，这个“每天提高1%的原则”，对于尼克奇这个唐氏综合症患者的健康很有用，尼克奇每天都有进步。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Fortwoyears,Nikictrainedfortheevent,usingastrategyhedevelopedwithhisfatherwhichtheycallthe‘1%bettereachdayprinciple.’(两年时间里，尼克奇一直在为这项赛事进行训练，他使用的是他和父亲一起制定的策略，他们称之为‘每天提高1%的原则’。)”可知，为了赛事，坚持2年天天有进步，尼克奇是个有毅力的人。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“OnNov.7,2020,ChrisNikicdidsomethingincredible.HebecamethefirstpersonwithDownsyndrome(唐氏综合症)tocompleteoneofthetoughestathleticcompetitionsintheworld—theIronmantriathlon.(2020年11月7日，克里斯·尼克奇做了一件不可思议的事。他成为了第一个完成世界上最难的运动比赛之一——铁人三项的唐氏综合症患者。)”，以及倒数第三段“Nikicoriginallystartedexercisinginordertorecoverfromearsurgeryandgetinshape.Nowhehasothergoals:toliveindependentlyandonedayhaveabighouseandanicecarandtogetmarried.(尼克奇最初开始锻炼是为了从耳部手术中恢复过来并保持体型。现在他有了其他的目标：独立生活，有一天拥有大房子和好车，然后结婚。)”，最后第二段“TrainingfortheIronmantriathlonhashelpedmakehisdreamcometrue.(参加铁人三项的训练帮助他实现了梦想。)”，最后一段“HisnextgoalsaretolearnhowtodriveandhehasbeeninvitedtocompeteintheUSSpecialOlympicsin2022.(他的下一个目标是学习开车，他已经被邀请参加2022年美国特奥会。)”可知，饱受唐氏综合症困苦的尼克奇，本来参加锻炼只是为了锻炼身体，为了目标，迎难而上，不懈的努力促使他一路都有了梦想。A.Lifehasupsanddowns.(人生有起有落。)；B.Alliswellthatendswell.(结果好，就一切都好)；C.Hardshipisthebesttraining.(苦难是最好的训练)；D.Itisnevertoolatetochange.(改变永远不嫌晚。)。可知，C项最贴切本文内涵。故选C项。CFatiguecanactuallybeconsideredakindofpoisoning.Whenamuscleinourbodyworks,itproduceslacticacid.Ifweremovethelacticacidfromatiredmuscle,itisabletostartworkingagainatonce!Thereareothersubstancesthebodyproducesinthecourseofmuscularactivity.Theseareknownas“fatiguetoxins.”Thebloodcarriesthesethroughthebody,sothatthemuscleitself,andespeciallythebrainfeelstired.Scientistshaveconductedinterestingexperimentsonfatigue.Ifadogismadetoworkuntilitisexhaustedandfallsasleep,anditsbloodisthentransfusedintoanotherdog,theseconddogwillinstantlybecome“tired”andfallasleep!Ifthebloodofawideawakedogistransfusedintoatiredsleepingdog,thelatterwillwakeupatonce,nolongertired!Butfatigueisnotjustachemicalprocess,itisalsoabiologicalprocess.Wecannotjust“remove”fatigue;wemustallowthecellsofthebodytorest.Damagesmustberepaired,nervecellsofthebrainmustbe“recharged,”andthejointsofthebodymustreplaceuseduplubricants.Sleepwillalwaysbenecessaryasawayofrestoringourbody’senergyafterfatigue.Veryoften,thebestwaytomakeatiredbodypartfeelfreshagainistomakeotherpartsofthebodyactive!Wecanactuallyrestbymeansofactivity.Activityincreasestherespiration(呼吸).Thebloodcirculatesfaster,theglandsaremoreactive,andthewasteproductsareeliminatedfromthetiredpartofthebody.But,ifyouaretotallyexhausted,thebestthingtodoissleep!8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertointhefirstparagraph?A.Fatigue. B.Lacticacid. C.Thebody. D.Thetiredmuscle.9.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingtheexperiments?A.Fatigueisachemicalprocess. B.Fatiguemakesadogsleepy.C.Sleepcanreducefatigue. D.Wecannotremovefatigue.10.Whatmightrefreshyourselfafteratiringwalk?A.Havingabloodtransfusion. B.Doingupperlimbmovements.C.Drinkingplentyofwater. D.Playingafootballgame.11.Inwhichpartofanewspapermightyoufindthistext?A.Entertainment. B.Health. C.Fashion. D.Sports.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了疲劳事实上可以被视为一种中毒，人们可以通过活动来让疲惫的身体再次感到精力充沛，但是最好的办法是睡觉。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Whenamuscleinourbodyworks,itproduceslacticacid.Ifweremovethelacticacidfromatiredmuscle,itisabletostartworkingagainatonce!(当我们体内的肌肉工作时，它会产生乳酸。如果我们去除疲劳肌肉中的乳酸，它就能立即开始工作)”可知，当肌肉工作时，会产生乳酸，去除疲劳肌肉中的乳酸后，疲劳的肌肉就能立即开始工作，it指代的是疲劳的肌肉。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Ifadogismadetoworkuntilitisexhaustedandfallsasleep,anditsbloodisthentransfusedintoanotherdog,theseconddogwillinstantlybecome“tired”andfallasleep!Ifthebloodofawideawakedogistransfusedintoatiredsleepingdog,thelatterwillwakeupatonce,nolongertired!(如果让一只狗一直工作到筋疲力尽并睡着，然后将它的血液输给另一只狗，第二只狗会立即“疲劳”并睡着！如果把一只完全清醒的狗的血输给一只疲惫的睡着的狗，后者会立刻醒来，不再疲倦)”以及第四段“Butfatigueisnotjustachemicalprocess,(但疲劳不仅仅是一个化学过程)”可知，作者通过介绍实验是为了展示疲劳是一个化学过程。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Veryoften,thebestwaytomakeatiredbodypartfeelfreshagainistomakeotherpartsofthebodyactive!(很多时候，让疲惫的身体部位再次感到精力充沛的最好方法是让身体的其他部位活跃起来！)”可知，走了一段路之后，活动身体的其他部位，即做上肢运动，可以使你恢复精神。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Fatiguecanactuallybeconsideredakindofpoisoning.(疲劳实际上可以被视为一种中毒)”、第五段“Veryoften,thebestwaytomakeatiredbodypartfeelfreshagainistomakeotherpartsofthebodyactive!(很多时候，让疲惫的身体部位再次感到精力充沛的最好方法是让身体的其他部位活跃起来！)”以及“But,ifyouaretotallyexhausted,thebestthingtodoissleep!(但是，如果你完全筋疲力尽，最好的办法就是睡觉！)”可知，本文主要介绍了疲劳事实上可以被视为一种中毒，人们可以通过活动来让疲惫的身体再次感到精力充沛，但是最好的办法是睡觉，推测文章可能出自报纸的健康部分。故选B项。DDuringtheCOVID-19pandemic,manypeopleinlockdownfeltlonelyandbored.“Thereisalonelinessepidemic,”saidJohnDattilo,aprofessoratPennsylvaniaStateUniversity.Togetherwithaninternationalteamofresearchers,Dattilostudiedhowtoreducelonelinessandincreasepositivefeelingsduringthepandemic.Accordingtotheirnewstudy,reducinglonelinesshassomethingtodowithdoingenjoyableactivitiesthatrequirebothconcentrationandskill.“Whenpeopleareabsorbedinwhattheyaredoing,theyenterastatecalledFLOW,”Dattiloexplained.“Flowcanbeachievedbydoingactivitiesthatwevalueandthatrequireustoconcentratefullytouseourskills.”Toachieveastateofflow,theremustbeabalancebetweenthechallengeofthetaskandyourskilllevel.Forexample,ifyou’retryingtocreateacomplexcomputerprogrambutyourskilllevelislow,thenyou’relikelytofeelstressedinsteadofachievingflow.Onthecontrary,ifthetaskistooeasy,thenboredomwillsetinandflowwillnotappear,either.Ifyouhaveartisticskills,forexample,playingthepianoorpaintingcanleadtoflow.Socanthingslikeskiing,writingandstorytelling,dependingonwhoyouare.“Whenweenterastateofflow,webecomeabsorbedandfocused,andweexperiencemomentaryenjoyment,”Dattilosaid.“Whenweleaveastateofflow,weareoftensurprisedbyhowmuchtimehaspassed.”However,watchingtelevisionusuallydoesn’thelppeopleenterflow,accordingtoDattilo,becausetherearen’tanychallenges.“Lonelinessisveryconnectedtoourhealth,”Dattiloexplained.“Psychological,emotional,andcognitivehealthareallchallengedwhenpeoplearelonely.Lonelinessisassociatedwithdepressionandothermentalhealthchallenges.Peopletendtothriveonhealthyactivitiesandchallenge,”saidDattilo.“Wehopethisresearchwillhelppeoplelivefuller,happier,healthierlives.”12.Whatisthepurposeoftheresearch?A.Tostudyhowtoreduceloneliness. B.TofighttheCOVID-19pandemic.C.Totreatsomementalillnesses. D.Tohelppeopleliveanormallife.13.Whatisakeypointofthestateofflow?AEnjoyment. B.Relaxation. C.Concentration. D.Loneliness.14.Whichofthefollowingcanhelpastudentgetintoastateofflow?A.Doinghousework. B.Chattingonline.C.Watchingtelevision. D.Composingastory.15.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thriveon”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Enjoy. B.Grow. C.Avoid. D.Balance.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在新冠疫情期间，由于封控导致人们出现了孤独感，Dattilo和他的研究团队通过研究发现，做一些具有挑战性和技巧性的活动可以使人达到愉悦的境界，从而进入一种叫做“心流”的状态，减少孤独感。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Togetherwithaninternationalteamofresearchers,Dattilostudiedhowtoreducelonelinessandincreasepositivefeelingsduringthepandemic.(Dattilo与一个国际研究团队一起研究了疫情期间如何减少孤独感，增加积极情绪)”可知，这项研究的是研究如何减少孤独感。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Flowcanbeachievedbydoingactivitiesthatwevalueandthatrequireustoconcentratefullytouseourskills.(心流以通过做我们重视的活动来实现，这些活动需要我们全神贯注地使用我们的技能)”可知，“心流”状态的关键是全神贯注。故选C项。14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ifyouhaveartisticskills,forexample,playingthepianoorpaintingcanleadtoflow.Socanthingslikeskiing,writingandstorytelling,dependingonwhoyouare.(如果你有艺术技能，例如，弹钢琴或绘画可以导致心流。滑雪、写作和讲故事也可以，这取决于你是谁)”并结合选项可知，写故事可以帮助学生进入心流状态。故选D项。【15题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线短语前一句“Lonelinessisassociatedwithdepressionandothermentalhealthchallenges.(孤独与抑郁和其他心理健康挑战有关)”可知，孤独可能导致消极的心理状态，结合划线短语后“healthyactivitiesandchallenge(健康的活动和挑战)”可知，人们应是倾向于享受健康的活动和挑战之中，thriveon意为“享受其中，以……为乐”。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thehumanmindsuffersfromalotofstressandanxietyindailylife.Therearemanysoundsthatcanhelpthepeopletoconcentrateoncurrentsituationormatters.___16___Thefollowingisthebestrelaxingmusictoimproveyourconcentration.Classicalmusicismusicplayedwithinstrumentsincludingorchestra,sitar,etc.___17___Itisbestforintroverts(内向的人)aswellasforthepeoplewhowanttofocusontheirstudiesandwanttobequiet.Spamusicisthemusicthatisusedinspacenters.Thismusichasspecialslowbeatswhicharousetherelaxingcells.Itfeelsrelaxingandgoodtothemindandear.Thesesoundsareusedasasoulspatherapyinmanycountries.___18___Soundsofwhisperinggrass,thehustleofleaves,thehummingofbirds,soundoftheraindrop,acoolbreeze,awind,etc.Thesesoundsgreatlyaffecttheabilitytodoworkandproviderelaxationtomindandsoul.Electricalmusicisalsoinstrumentalmusic,butitisdifferentfromclassical.ClassicalisSufimusic.Ontheotherhand,thismusicisproducedwiththehelpofnewdigitalinstrumentsanddevices.___19___Mostly,itiscomposedofbeatsorinstrumentalsounds.Thesementionedsoundsarethosefewthathelpthepeopletorebuildtheirconcentration.___20___Someintrovertslikeslowandrhythmicmusicwhilesomelikesoundswithlyrics(歌词).Hence,itdependsonthementalabilityandnatureofthepeople.A.Thismusichasnoorfewerlyrics.B.Naturebeatconsistsofnaturalsounds.C.Mostofthemusichaveunknownoriginalauthors.D.Musicisn’tjustameansofentertainingourselves.E.Theselectionofmusicvariesfrompersontoperson.F.Thismusicisalsorelatedtothesoulofreligiousmusic.G.Somanypeopledomusictherapytostabilizetheirminds.【答案】16.G17.F18.B19.A20.E【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种不同风格的可以帮助人们缓解焦虑并专注于当前事物的音乐形式。人们偏爱某一种音乐，这取决于人们的心理能力和性格。【16题详解】根据上文“Thehumanmindsuffersfromalotofstressandanxietyindailylife.Therearemanysoundsthatcanhelpthepeopletoconcentrateoncurrentsituationormatters.(人类的大脑在日常生活中承受着很多压力和焦虑。有很多声音可以帮助人们专注于当前的情况或事情。)”和下文“Thefollowingisthebestrelaxingmusictoimproveyourconcentration.(以下是最好的放松音乐，以提高你的注意力)”可知，上文指出人类有压力、焦虑时，可以用过一些声音来让人静下心来，专注做事。下文提出有提高注意力的好音乐。由此可知，音乐可以让人们稳定心态。根据G项“Somanypeopledomusictherapytostabilizetheirminds.(很多人通过音乐疗法来稳定自己的心态)”符合语意。故选G项。【17题详解】根据上文“Classicalmusicismusicplayedwithinstrumentsincludingorchestra,sitar,etc.(古典音乐是用管弦乐队、锡塔琴等乐器演奏的音乐。)”可知，本段关键词为Classicalmusic，F项“Thismusicisalsorelatedtothesoulofreligiousmusic.(这种音乐也与宗教音乐的精髓有关。)”可知，Thismusic指代上文的Classicalmusic，下文“Itisbestforintroverts(内向的人)aswellasforthepeoplewhowanttofocusontheirstudiesandwanttobequiet.(它最适合内向的人，以及那些想要集中精力学习和想要安静的人。)”，此处It依旧指代Classicalmusic，F项和下文展现了古典音乐的特点，上下文语意一致，F项符合语意。故选F项。【18题详解】根据下文“Soundsofwhisperinggrass,thehustleofleaves,thehummingofbirds,soundoftheraindrop,acoolbreeze,awind,etc.Thesesoundsgreatlyaffecttheabilitytodoworkandproviderelaxationtomindandsoul.(草地的低语，树叶的喧扰，鸟儿的嗡嗡声，雨滴的声音，一阵凉爽的微风，一阵风，等等。这些声音会极大地影响人们工作的能力，并让人们的思想和灵魂得到放松。)”可知，下文中描述了自然界的声音能使人们放松；B项“Naturebeatconsistsofnaturalsounds.(自然节拍由自然声音组成。)”中关键词为naturalsounds，下文是对naturalsounds的具体化。B项符合语意。故选B项。【19题详解】根据上文“Electricalmusicisalsoinstrumentalmusic,butitisdifferentfromclassical.ClassicalisSufimusic.Ontheotherhand,thismusicisproducedwiththehelpofnewdigitalinstrumentsanddevices.(电子音乐也是器乐，但它不同于古典音乐。古典音乐是苏菲派音乐。另一方面，这种音乐是在新的数字乐器和设备的帮助下产生的。)”可知，上文阐述了电子音乐的与古典音乐不同之处，A项“Thismusichasnoorfewerlyrics.(这首音乐没有歌词或歌词更少)”，以及下文“Mostly,itiscomposedofbeatsorinstrumentalsounds.(它大多是由节拍或器乐声音组成的。)”可知，thismusic指代Electricalmusic，根据句中的fewerlyrics，说明电子音乐和古典音乐的另一个不同之处：电子音乐主要有节拍或器乐声组成，相对来说歌词很少，甚至没有歌词。下文与A项为顺接关系。上下文衔接顺畅，语义一致。故选A项。【20题详解】根据上文“Thesementionedsoundsarethosefewthathelpthepeopletorebuildtheirconcentration.(以上提到的几个声音都能帮助人们重新集中注意力。)”可知，此处为对上面各种能助人集中注意力的音乐的总结；E项“Theselectionofmusicvariesfrompersontoperson.(音乐的选择因人而异。)”承接上文；下文“Someintrovertslikeslowandrhythmicmusicwhilesomelikesoundswithlyrics(歌词).Hence,itdependsonthementalabilityandnatureofthepeople.(一些内向的人喜欢慢节奏的音乐，而一些人喜欢有歌词的声音。因此，这取决于人们的心理能力和性格。)”指出，下文是对E项的音乐选择因人而异的原因分析。故E项在此段中起到承上启下的作用。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节；满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。MybrotherandIweredrivinghometogether.Wetalkedhappilyanddueto___21___,mybrothertookawrongturn.Unfortunately,thewrongturntookustowardsabridgeandwehadnowayto___22___.Unwillingly,mybrother___23___thebridgetollanddroveon.Hewasclearly___24___bythemistakeandtheneedlesswasteof$4.Weeventually___25___anexitslip-wayand,aswetookit,mybrothernoticedabeat-upblackMustangpulledovertothesideoftheroad.Ayoungmanwasstandingnearbytryingto___26___someone.Iwasbusytryingto___27___whichwaywewentnext,butmybrotherpulledoverandaskedhimifheneededanyhelp.Andhe___28___.Hehadaflattireandneededawrenchtogetitoff.Mybrother___29___himawrench,andthenhelpedhim___30___theflat.Byandby,weknewtheyoungmanwasfromaroughneighborhoodnearby.Hesaidthatthishadbeena___31___weekforhim;earlierhehadgottenintoaminorcaraccident,andnowthisflatonhiswayhomefromwork.Buthecalledus“Abreathoffreshair”,becausehereallywouldhavebeen___32___ifwehadn’tcomealong.Afterwehad___33___thejob,hethankedusagainandpulledout$20andtriedtogiveittous.“No,”Isaid.“Wewereneversupposedeventogetonthat___34___,ifwedidn’ttakeawrongturn.Butnowweknowwhywedid.Itwastohelpyou.Thankyouforturningour___35___intoanopportunitytoserve.”21.A.excitement B.carelessness C.happiness D.curiosity22.A.driveaway B.turnback C.holdback D.stepoff23.A.broke B.crossed C.paid D.missed24.A.annoyed B.affected C.amused D.beaten25.A.passed B.turned C.reached D.covered26.A.greet B.help C.seek D.phone27.A.figureout B.getoff C.bringout D.moveon28.A.thanked B.refused C.admitted D.did29.A.sold B.donated C.gave D.threw30.A.repair B.change C.operate D.take31.A.normal B.quiet C.bad D.strange32.A.lost B.locked C.engaged D.stuck33.A.accepted B.started C.prepared D.finished34.A.bridge B.wrench C.air D.car35.A.adventure B.mistake C.conflict D.failure【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.A25.C26.D27.A28.D29.C30.B31.C32.D33.D34.A35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者和弟弟开车时，由于弟弟的粗心拐错了弯，走向一座桥，还不得不支付了过桥费，后来在出口处帮助了一个年轻人，年轻人拿钱感谢作者时，作者反而说应该感谢年轻人把错误变成了帮助别人的机会。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们聊得很开心，由于粗心大意，我弟弟拐错了弯。A.excitement兴奋，激动；B.carelessness粗心；C.happiness高兴；D.curiosity好奇。根据“mybrothertookawrongturn”可知，弟弟由于粗心拐错了弯，故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不幸的是，我们转错了弯，走向一座桥，我们没有办法回头。A.driveaway（把车）开走，驶离；B.turnback往回走；C.holdback阻止，抑制；D.stepoff从（高处）走下来。根据下文“mybrother___3___thebridgetollanddroveon”可知，此处指走错了路没法回头。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我弟弟很不情愿地付了过桥费，继续开车。A.broke打破；B.crossed穿过；C.paid支付；D.missed错过。根据下一句“theneedlesswasteof$4”可知，此处指支付过桥费。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他显然对这个错误和无谓的浪费4美元感到恼火。A.annoyed恼怒；B.affected影响；C.amused逗乐；D.beaten打败。结合语境可知，由于粗心而走错了路，还花了不必要的4美元，应是感到恼怒。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最终到达了一个出口的滑行道，就在我们走的时候，我弟弟注意到一辆破旧的黑色野马停在路边。A.passed经过；B.turned翻转，转弯；C.reached到达；D.covered覆盖。根据“eventually”及空后“aswetookit”可知，此处指到达一个出口的滑行道，故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个年轻人站在旁边，试图给某人打电话。A.greet欢迎，迎接；B.help帮助；C.seek寻找，寻求；D.phone给……打电话。根据下文“Hehadaflattireandneededawrenchtogetitoff.(他的一个轮胎漏气了，需要一把扳手把它拧下来)”可知，年轻人的轮胎漏气了，应是正在打电话寻求救援，故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我正忙着弄明白接下来该走哪条路，但我弟弟把车停在路边，问他是否需要帮助。A.figureout弄清楚，弄明白；B.getoff下车；C.bringout生产，出版；D.moveon继续前进。结合语境及空后“whichwaywewentnext”可知，此处指作者正忙着弄明白该走哪条路。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他需要。A.thanked感谢；B.refused拒绝；C.admitted承认；D.did做，助动词。根据下文“Hehadaflattireandneededawrenchtogetitoff.(他的一个轮胎漏气了，需要一把扳手把它拧下来)”可知，那位年轻人需要帮助，此处用助动词代替动词need，避免重复。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我弟弟给了他一个扳手，然后帮他换轮胎。A.sold卖；B.donated捐赠；C.gave给；D.threw扔。根据上文“neededawrenchtogetitoff”可知，年轻人需要扳手，所以此处指弟弟给了他一个扳手，故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我弟弟给了他一个扳手，然后帮他换轮胎。A.repair修理；B.change更换，改变；C.operate操作；D.take取，拿。轮胎漏气应是更换掉。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说这一周对他来说太糟糕了。A.normal正常的；B.quiet安静的；C.bad坏的；D.strange奇怪的，陌生的。根据“earlierhehadgottenintoaminorcaraccident,andnowthisflatonhiswayhomefromwork(早些时候他出了一场小车祸，现在又在他下班回家的路上轮胎漏气)”可知，这一周对他来说很糟糕。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他称我们为“令人耳目一新的人”，因为如果没有我们，他真的会陷入困境。A.lost丢失；B.locked锁上；C.engaged参加，从事；D.stuck卡住，陷住。结合此人的车胎漏气和“ifwehadn’tcomealong”可知，如果作者和弟弟没有出现帮助他，他可能会陷入困境。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们完成工作后，他再次向我们表示感谢，并拿出20美元试图给我们。A.accepted接受；B.started开始；C.prepared准备；D.finished完成，结束。根据“hethankedusagainandpulledout$20andtriedtogiveittous”可知，此处指帮他换完轮胎，年轻人拿出钱感谢作者和弟弟。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果不是拐错弯，我们根本不可能上那座桥。A.bridge桥；B.wrench扳手；C.air空气；D.car汽车。根据上文“Unfortunately,thewrongturntookustowardsabridge”可知，弟弟拐错了弯才走向了一座桥，故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你把我们的错误变成服务的机会。A.adventure冒险；B.mistake错误；C.conflict冲突；D.failure失败。由上文“Hewasclearly___4___bythemistakeandtheneedlesswasteof$4.”可知，此处是原词复现，指“感谢把我们的错误变成了服务的机会”。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。VisualdesignerCaoSiyuwasbornandraisedinBeijing.___36___theageof20,shelefthometostudyintheUnitedStatesforherbachelor’sdegreeinEnglishliterature,andlater,theUnitedKingdomforhermaster’sdegreeingraphicdesign.Shenow___37___(run)avisualthinkingworkshopinParis.Visualthinking___38___(define)as“anymentalprocessbasedonthevisualprocessingcapabilitiesofthemind”acommonmodeofthinkingalongsideverbal,kinesthetic,musicalandmathematicalthinking.Aftersheencounteredmany___39___(misunderstanding)whilelivingabroad,andcamefacetofacewithstereotypicalviewsaboutChina,Caotriedtobuild___40___bridgeandbreakthestereotypes(成见)betweendifferentcultures.Shewasinspired___41___(create)TinyEyesComics,aninternet-basedcartoonstripillustratingthe“bigworldthroughtinyChineseeyes”.___42___(focus)oneverydaytopics,includingfamilyrelationships,food,differentwaysofthinking___43___socialcustoms,Cao’scomicsfeatureagirlnamedTinyEyesandportrayherlifeinalightheartedway.Sinceherfirstillustrationinlate2016,Cao___44___(post)morethan300comicstoherInstagramaccount,___45___hasattractedabout41,000followers.HercomicshasshedlightonChinaforforeignerswhoarecuriousaboutthecountry.【答案】36.At37.runs38.isdefined39.misunderstandings40.a41.tocreate42.Focusing43.and44.hasposted45.which【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了视觉设计师CaoSiyu，出生并成长在北京的她如今在巴黎经营一家视觉设计工作室，她的作品架起了不同文化之间的桥梁，让那些对中国文化好奇的外国人了解中国。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：20岁时，她离开家去美国攻读英国文学学士学位，后来又去英国攻读平面设计硕士学位。attheageof在……岁时，固定短语，首字母应大写。故填At。【37题详解】考查动词时态。句意：她现在在巴黎开了一家视觉思维工作室。结合now可知，句子描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语是She，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填runs。【38题详解】考查动词语态。句意：视觉思维被定义为“基于大脑视觉处理能力的任何心理过程”，是一种常见的思维模式，与语言思维、动觉思维、音乐思维和数学思维并列。句子描述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Visualthinking和动词define之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is。故填isdefined。【39题详解】考查名词复数。句意：在国外生活期间，她遇到了许多误解，也遇到了对中国的刻板印象，她试图在不同文化之间架起一座桥梁，打破这种刻板印象。misunderstanding误解，误会，是可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数，故填misunderstandings。【40题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：在国外生活期间，她遇到了许多误解，也遇到了对中国的刻板印象，她试图在不同文化之间架起一座桥梁，打破这种刻板印象。bridge桥梁，是可数名词，此处泛指“一座桥梁”，且以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她受到启发创作了《小眼睛漫画》，这是一幅基于互联网的漫画，描绘了“通过小中国眼睛看到的大世界”。固定短语beinspiredtodosth受到启发做某事。故填tocreate。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：曹的漫画聚焦日常话题，包括家庭关系、食物、对社会习俗的不同思考方式，以一个名叫“小眼睛”的女孩为主角，以一种轻松愉快的方式描绘了她的生活。动词focus和逻辑主语Cao’scomics之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语，首字母应大写。故填Focusing。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：曹的漫画聚焦日常话题，包括家庭关系、食物、对社会习俗的不同思考方式，以一个名叫“小眼睛”的女孩为主角，以一种轻松愉快的方式描绘了她的生活。结合句意可知，空前后的名词短语是并列关系，应用and连接，故填and。【44题详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从2016年年底她第一张插图以来，曹已经在她的Instagram账户上发布了300多幅漫画，吸引了约4.1万名粉丝。根据时间状语“Sinceherfirstillustrationinlate2016”可知，句子用现在完成时，主语表示单数意义，助动词用has，故填hasposted。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：自从2016年年底她的第一张插图以来，曹已经在她的Instagram账户上发布了300多幅漫画，吸引