山东省德州市2024-2025学年高三下学期开学英语试题【含答案解析】

高三英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Catchataxi.B.Readabook.C.Waitfortheman.2Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Goonadiet.B.Gotothegym.C.Eathealthysnacks.3.WhydoesthemanplantoskipDarren’sparty?A.Hethinksitwillbeboring.B.Darrenisunfriendlytohim.C.Hehasadentist’sappointment.4.Whatmistakedidthewomanmake?A.Sheboughtawrongticket.B.Shecaughtthewrongtrain.C.Shegotonthewrongcoach.5.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Repairhissuitcase.B.Decidewhattoleavebehind.C.Showhimhowtopackefficiently.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatconcernedthewomanwhenJohnfirstbeganworking?A.Hislackofexperience.B.Hisweaklearningability.C.Hisshortageofpeopleskills.7.WhichdepartmentisJohnprobablyworkingin?A.Salesdepartment.B.Trainingdepartment.C.Humanresourcesdepartment.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Onaplane.C.Atapostoffice.9.Whydoweneedspecialenvelopesforairmailaccordingtothewoman?A.They’rerequiredbylaw.B.They’relighterfortransport.C.They’relargertoputthingsin.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whocalledthemanjustnow?A.Hismother.B.Amanager.C.Acollegeteacher.11.WhatdoesthemanoriginallyplantodonextFridayevening?A.Watchamovie.B.Attendatrainingcourse.C.Packupthingsforcollege.12.Whydoesthemantakeapart-timejob?A.Hehastoomuchleisuretime.B.Hewantstogainworkexperience.C.Hehastoearnhislivingexpenses.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Managerandworker.B.Parentandchild.C.Friends.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheman’sjobprobably?A.Asinger.B.Aradiohost.C.Amusicproducer.15.Howmanysongsdidthewomanreleaseonlinebefore“ShiningStars”?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.16.Whohelpedmakethevideoahit?A.Gander.B.James.C.Spin.17.Whichsongisgoingtobeplayed?A.ShiningStars.B.GroundControl.C.Earth-likePlanet.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.HowlongdoesittakethespeakertoreachCentralParkfromcampus?A.15minutes.B.20minutes.C.60minutes.19.Whatdoesthespeakerplantodoonhercampingtrip?A.Collectlitter.B.Dofieldresearches.C.Shootsomevideos.20.Whydoesthespeakerlearntomakedocumentaries?A.Tojoinanewclub.B.Topursueherdream.C.Tobecomeateacher.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAWorldofUniqueNewYearCelebrationsMostofusspendthefinalsecondsofeachcalendaryearwatchinganearly12,000-poundgeodesicballdropoverTimesSquareinNewYorkCity.Closeto60,000audiencegathertoseetheballdropinperson,butifbeingoneofthemisonyourdreamlist,beforewarned:Therearenobathrooms,andtogetagoodview,you’lllikelyneedtograbyourspotandstartholdingitaround3p.m.NewYear’sEveinScotlandisknownasHogmanay.TheScotsstretchitintoathree-daycelebrationstartingwithaparadethroughEdinburghonDec.30,followedbyahousecleaningknownastheredding.Then,during“firstfooting”,friendsandfamilyvisiteachotheraftermid-nighttobecomethefirsttosetfootineachothers’homesinthenewyear.Forgoodluck,thefirstvisitorshouldbeatall,dark-hairedman,carryingshortbread,whiskyandalumpofcoal.SoifyoufindcoalinyourChristmasstocking,shipittoyourfriendsinScotlandtouseafewdayslater.Greekssmashpomegranates(石榴),whichsymbolizerenewalintheirculture,forNewYear’scelebration.ButperhapsanevenmoreunusualpracticeiswakingupchildrenonJan.1bytappingthemontheheadwithanonion.It’sconsideredgoodluckinmanySpanish-speakingnationstoeat12grapesatmidnight—onewitheachclockstrike—onJan.1.Estonianssometimesswallow12mealsonthelastdayoftheyear.Germansgoformarzipanshapedlikepigs,thankstothephrase“schweingehabt”,whichmeanshavinggoodluck.AndtheFrencheatcrepes,representingthesun,inhopesofbrighterdaysandprosperityinthenewyear,althoughtheydoitslightlylater,onFeb.2,duringafestivalcalledLaChandeleur.1.Whatshouldbeconsideredbythegeodesicballdropenthusiasts?A.Personalsafety.B.Viewinglocation.C.Weatherconditions.D.Transportationoptions.2.WhatmightpeopledoonthelastnightoftheyearinScotland?A.Dressupasacoalman.B.Participateintheredding.C.Welcomethefirstguest.D.WatchtheEdinburghshow.3.WhichcountryhasatraditionofovereatingonNewYear’sEve?A.Greece. B.Estonia.C.Germany. D.France.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各地独特的新年庆祝方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Closeto60,000audiencegathertoseetheballdropinperson,butifbeingoneofthemisonyourdreamlist,beforewarned:Therearenobathrooms,andtogetagoodview,you’lllikelyneedtograbyourspotandstartholdingitaround3p.m.(近6万名观众聚集在一起，亲眼目睹水晶球的落下，但如果你梦想成为其中一员，事先警告：这里没有卫生间，为了看得更清楚，你可能需要在下午3点左右抢到你的位置，并开始等待)”可知，喜欢看水晶球降落的人需要考虑观看位置，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Then,during“firstfooting”,friendsandfamilyvisiteachotheraftermid-nighttobecomethefirsttosetfootineachothers’homesinthenewyear.(然后，在“第一次踏足”期间，朋友和家人在午夜后互相拜访，成为新的一年里第一个踏上彼此家的人)”可知，新年前夜苏格兰人可能会欢迎第一位踏进家门的客人，故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Estonianssometimesswallow12mealsonthelastdayoftheyear.(爱沙尼亚人有时会在一年的最后一天吞下12顿饭)”可知，爱沙尼亚人有在新年前夜暴饮暴食的传统，故选B。BWhenIwasyoung,mydreamsweresimple.Iwantedadog,ahousewithstairs,andafour-doorstationwagon.IusedtosayIwantedtobeapediatrician(儿科医生)—notbecauseItrulyunderstoodwhatitmeant,butbecauseitsoundedimpressivetoadults.Iwasambitious,thoughIdidn’tknowexactlywhereIwasheaded.Lookingbacknow,Ifinditoddthatadultsaskchildren,“Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?”Itseemsasifgrowingupisfiniteandatsomepointyoubecomesomethingandthat’stheend.Mylifehastakenmanyforms.I’vebeenalawyer,ahospitalexecutive,andacharityinitiatorhelpingyoungpeople.I’vebeenawife,apainfuldaughter,andamotherlearningasIgo.And,foreightyears,Iwastheleaderofaninternationalnonprofitorganization—arolethatbroughtuniquechallengesandopportunities,humblingandempoweringmeinequalmeasure.TheexperienceofworkingfortheUNallowedmetoseetheworldinitsextremes.Ivisitedstate-of-the-artofficesandmetsmall-businessownerswhohadlosteverythingineconomicdownturns,gratefulforasteadyincome.Iencountereddishonestyandshallownessbutalsometincredibleinnovators,dedicatedemployees,andyoungentrepreneurs(企业家)whosepassionandoptimismremindedmeofwhattrulymatters.Ilearnedtomanagepublicopinion,whetheritwascriticismofmybusinessdecisionsorrumors(传闻)aboutmymanagementstyle.Throughitall,Ifocusedonstayingtruetomyself,groundedbythevaluesmymentors(导师)taughtme:workhard,thinkstrategically,andhonoryourjourney.Now,I’mbeginninganewchapter.Myfamilyrecentlymovedintoamodernapartmentnotfarfromouroffice,decoratedwithitemsthatremindusofourachievements.AsIsatonthebalcony,watchingmychildrenplay,Irealizedthatmychildrenaregrowingintoindependentindividuals.Myfamilyisfindingtheirrhythminanewadventure.AndI’mhere,enjoyingthesesmall,quietmomentsandthinkingaboutthestoriesIstillwanttotell.4.Whydidtheauthorwanttobeapediatricianasachild?A.Shewasalwaystheretoassist.B.Shehadapassionformedicine.C.Itmeantmoreresponsibilities.D.Itwouldmakeadultsadmireher.5.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinparagraph2?A.Childhooddreamsarerarelyfulfilled.B.Peopleshouldhavelifelongambitions.C.Lifeinvolvesconstantchangeandgrowth.D.Adultsareunsureabouttheirownfuture.6.WhatbeliefdidworkingfortheUNgivetheauthor?A.Avoidpublicopinionatallcosts.B.Seekexternalrecognitionforsuccess.C.Considergainingwealthandsocialstatus.D.Staytruetoherselfagainstchallenges.7.Whatmooddoestheauthormainlyconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Ambitious. B.Reflective.C.Anxious. D.Stressed.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己的多种职业体验以及获得的成长。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“IusedtosayIwantedtobeapediatrician(儿科医生)—notbecauseItrulyunderstoodwhatitmeant,butbecauseitsoundedimpressivetoadults.(我曾经说过我想成为一名儿科医生——不是因为我真正理解它的含义，而是因为它对成年人来说听起来令人印象深刻)”可知，作者儿时想成为儿科医生是因为那会让大人赞赏他，故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mylifehastakenmanyforms.I’vebeenalawyer,ahospitalexecutive,andacharityinitiatorhelpingyoungpeople.I’vebeenawife,apainfuldaughter,andamotherlearningasIgo.And,foreightyears,Iwastheleaderofaninternationalnonprofitorganization—arolethatbroughtuniquechallengesandopportunities,humblingandempoweringmeinequalmeasure.(我的生活有多种形式。我做过律师、医院主管，还做过帮助年轻人的慈善发起人。我做过妻子，做过痛苦的女儿，做过不断学习的母亲。8年来，我一直是一家国际非营利组织的领导人，这个角色给我带来了独特的挑战和机遇，让我感到谦卑，同时也赋予了我力量)”可知，作者做过很多职业和角色，也从中获得了成长，故作者暗示了生活包含不断的变化和成长，故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Throughitall,Ifocusedonstayingtruetomyself,groundedbythevaluesmymentors(导师)taughtme:workhard,thinkstrategically,andhonoryourjourney.(在整个过程中，我专注于做真实的自己，以我的导师教给我的价值观为基础：努力工作，战略性思考，尊重你的旅程)”可知，在联合国工作教给作者的信念是面对挑战要忠于自己，故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“AsIsatonthebalcony,watchingmychildrenplay,Irealizedthatmychildrenaregrowingintoindependentindividuals.Myfamilyisfindingtheirrhythminanewadventure.AndI’mhere,enjoyingthesesmall,quietmomentsandthinkingaboutthestoriesIstillwanttotell.(当我坐在阳台上，看着我的孩子们玩耍时，我意识到我的孩子们正在成长为独立的个体。我的家人在新的冒险中找到了自己的节奏。我在这里，享受着这些安静的小时光，想着我还想讲的故事)”可知，作者在最后一段主要表达了反思的情绪，故选B。CFocusingoneatingdisorders,anexhibitionattheShanghaiMentalHealthCenterhasbeendisplayingthedrawingsandclayworksofeatingdisordersufferersasarttherapy.Theseworksrevealtheircomplexemotionstowardsfood,withamixtureofdependence,resistance,longing,andfear.Theexhibitionaimstohelpthepublicbetterunderstandthediseasesandshowmoretoleranceandcare.ChenJue,directoroftheEatingDisordersTreatmentCenterofSMHC,saysthatthereisstillmuchmisunderstandingtowardseatingdisorders.“Peoplesimplyperceivesuchpatientsasthosewhodon’teatwell,makeafussaboutdietsandgotoextremesinlosingweight.”However,eatingdisordersarephysiological(生理性的)disordersthatarecloselyrelatedtopsychologicalfactors.Thenumberoffemalepatientssufferingfromeatingdisordersisuniversallyfarhigherthanmale.A19-year-oldwomanwhofinallyendedhertwo-yearfightwithanorexia(厌食症)saysthatamainfactoristhatsocialcultureputsmorepressureonwomenintermsofappearance.In2022,ashighas77percentofanorexiapatientshospitalizedattheEDTCwereyoungerthan18.Peoplebetween13and20yearsoldarethemostaffectedbyanorexia.“Childrennowadaysarebroughtintoproximitywiththeinternetworldatanearlyage.Peopletendtobeautifytheirphotostomaketheirfacesandbodiesslimmer,”saysChen.“Also,theywillhearadultstalkingaboutgoingondietsandlosingweightquiteoften.Gradually,they’llformaconceptthataslimfiguremeansbeauty,attentionandself-discipline.”sheadds.Theexhibitionisharvestinggoodwillfromthepublic.“Thegalleryallowedmetolearnforthefirsttimethatpatientswitheatingdisordersareenduringhardships.Ifeelthattheyareverybraveandhopetheycanrecoversoon.”readsamessageinthemessagebook.ZhangQinwen,whoparticipatedindesigningtheexhibitionandwasonceapatientforyearsherself,hopesthepubliccanunderstandtheessenceofeatingdisordersthroughtheformofart,butnotignorethepainduetotheartisticexpressions.8.Whatisthepurposeoftheexhibition?A.Toraisetheawarenessofthepublic.B.Toshowtheartistictalentofsufferers.C.Topromotearttherapyamongpatients.D.Todisplayvariousartworksonanorexia.9.Whatisthemaincauseofeatingdisorderamongfemales?A.Workingburden.B.Strongurgetodiet.C.Weakerself-control.D.Socialappearancepressure.10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“broughtintoproximitywith”meaninparagraph4?A.Seriouslywarnedof.B.Constantlyexposedto.C.Hardlyinfluencedby.D.Completelyseparatedfrom.11.Howcanwedescribetheexhibitionfromthelastparagraph?A.Well-received.B.Highly-profitable.C.Terribly-exhausting.D.Time-consuming.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了上海市精神卫生中心举办的以“进食障碍”为主题的展览。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theexhibitionaimstohelpthepublicbetterunderstandthediseasesandshowmoretoleranceandcare.(该展览旨在帮助公众更好地了解疾病，并表现出更多的宽容和关怀)”可知，该展览的目的是提高公众的意识，故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“A19-year-oldwomanwhofinallyendedhertwo-yearfightwithanorexia(厌食症)saysthatamainfactoristhatsocialcultureputsmorepressureonwomenintermsofappearance.(一名19岁的女性终于结束了与厌食症长达两年的抗争，她说，主要原因是社会文化对女性的外表施加了更大的压力)”可知，女性进食障碍的主要原因是来自社会外表方面的压力，故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线部分上文“Peoplebetween13and20yearsoldarethemostaffectedbyanorexia.(13到20岁的人最容易被厌食症影响)”和下文“Peopletendtobeautifytheirphotostomaketheirfacesandbodiesslimmer(人们倾向于美化他们的照片，使他们的脸和身体更苗条)”可知，13岁到20岁的人最容易被厌食症影响，说明他们不断地接触到网络，被网络上人们美化过的照片所影响，故此处意为“现在的孩子在很小的时候就接触到了网络世界”，broughtintoproximitywith意为“不断地接触到”，故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Theexhibitionisharvestinggoodwillfromthepublic.“Thegalleryallowedmetolearnforthefirsttimethatpatientswitheatingdisordersareenduringhardships.Ifeelthattheyareverybraveandhopetheycanrecoversoon.”readsamessageinthemessagebook.(这次展览获得了公众的好感。“画廊让我第一次了解到进食障碍患者正在忍受痛苦。我觉得他们很勇敢，希望他们能早日康复。”留言簿上的一条留言写道)”可知，该展览很好地为人们所接受，故选A。DStanfordUniversityhasrecentlyconductedaremarkablestudythatmayholdthekeytorenewingtheagingbrain.Theresearch,publishedintherenownedjournalNature,focusedontheGLUT4gene.Inthenormalagingprocess,neuralstemcells(干细胞)inthebrain,whichareresponsibleforgeneratingnewneurons(神经元),graduallylosetheiractivity.Thisdeclineleadstoareductionintheproductionofnewneurons,subsequentlyresultinginaworseningmemoryandanincreasedriskofneurodegenerativediseasessuchasAlzheimer’sandParkinson’s.TheStanfordteam,ledbyProfessorAnneBrunet,setouttoexplorewaystochangethistrend.UsingthepowerfulCRISPRgene-editingtechnology,theresearchersscreened300genesrelatedtotheactivityofneuralstemcellsinmice.Thiswasapainstakingandtime-consumingtaskthatrequiredthoroughattentiontodetail.Afteracomplexprocessofremovalandconfirmation,theyeventuallyidentifiedtheGLUT4gene.Thisgeneplaysacrucialroleintransportingglucose(葡萄糖)intocells.Interestingly,intheagedbrain,neuralstemcellsaresurroundedbyhighlevelsofglucose,whichmightbethecauseoftheirinactivity.Totesttheirtheory,thededicatedresearchteamattentivelyknockedouttheGLUT4geneinthebrainsofoldmice.Astonishingly,afterafewweeksofcloseobservationanddetailedanalysis,theyobservedaremarkabledoublinginthenumberofnewneuronsintheolfactorybulbs(嗅球)ofthesemice.Thisunexpectedyetsignificantfindingstronglysuggeststhatbypreciselyregulatingglucoselevels,itispotentiallypossibletoeffectivelyreactivatetheneuralstemcellsintheagingbrainandpowerfullystimulatethegenerationofnewneurons.Thisresearchnotonlyopensupnewavenuesforthedevelopmentofdrugsandgenetreatmentsaimedatpromotingneuronalregenerationintheagedordamagedbrainbutalsoimpliesthatsimplelifestyleadvice,suchasalow-carbohydrate(碳水化合物)diet,mightpotentiallyactivateneuralstemcells.Itisasignificantstepforwardinourunderstandingofbrainhealthandoffershopeformaintainingcognitivefunctionintheelderly.12.WhatwasthemotivationoftheStanfordresearchers?A.Toproveneuralstemcelldeclineisunavoidable.B.Tofindwaystospeedupthenormalagingprocess.C.Toturnaroundthetrendofneuralstemcellsdecline.D.Tostudytheworkingbehaviorofneuronsinthebrain.13.WhatisthefunctionoftheGLUT4gene?A.Itaffectsthedeliveryofglucoseincells.B.Itdecreasesthenumberofanti-agingcells.C.Itchangesthestructureofneuralstemcells.D.Itkeepsneuralstemcellsfromsomediseases.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Therelationshipbetweendietandnewneurons.B.Theprocessofobservingnewneuronsinoldmice.C.TheapplicationoftheGLUT4geneinmedicalfields.D.TheexperimenttotesttheassumptionaboutGLUT4gene.15.Whyisalow-carbohydratedietmentionedinparagraph5?A.Tounlockthesecretoftheagingbrain.B.Toshowanapplicationofthenewresearch.C.Toconfirmthesignificanceofahealthydiet.D.Todemonstratethedrawbackoftheresearch.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究，研究发现衰老神经干细胞内部和周围葡萄糖水平的升高可能是导致它们不活跃的原因，通过精确调节葡萄糖水平，有可能有效地重新激活老化大脑中的神经干细胞，以促进新神经元生长。它表明未来有可能开发相关药物和方法来刺激衰老或受伤大脑中的神经干细胞重新生长神经元。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Inthenormalagingprocess,neuralstemcells(干细胞)inthebrain,whichareresponsibleforgeneratingnewneurons(神经元),graduallylosetheiractivity.Thisdeclineleadstoareductionintheproductionofnewneurons,subsequentlyresultinginaworseningmemoryandanincreasedriskofneurodegenerativediseasessuchasAlzheimer’sandParkinson’s.TheStanfordteam,ledbyProfessorAnneBrunet,setouttoexplorewaystochangethistrend.(在正常的衰老过程中，大脑中负责产生新神经元的神经干细胞逐渐失去活性。这种衰退导致新神经元的产生减少，随后导致记忆力恶化，患阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森病等神经退行性疾病的风险增加。由AnneBrunet教授领导的斯坦福大学研究小组开始探索改变这一趋势的方法。)”可知，在衰老过程中，神经干细胞衰退导致记忆力恶化，患神经性疾病的风险增加，斯坦福的这项研究动机是扭转神经干细胞衰退的趋势，故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thisgeneplaysacrucialroleintransportingglucose(葡萄糖)intocells.(这个基因在将葡萄糖运输到细胞中起着至关重要的作用)”可知，GLUT4基因的功能是影响细胞中葡萄糖的运输，故选A。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Totesttheirtheory,thededicatedresearchteamattentivelyknockedouttheGLUT4geneinthebrainsofoldmice.Astonishingly,afterafewweeksofcloseobservationanddetailedanalysis,theyobservedaremarkabledoublinginthenumberofnewneuronsintheolfactorybulbs(嗅球)ofthesemice.Thisunexpectedyetsignificantfindingstronglysuggeststhatbypreciselyregulatingglucoselevels,itispotentiallypossibletoeffectivelyreactivatetheneuralstemcellsintheagingbrainandpowerfullystimulatethegenerationofnewneurons.(为了验证他们的理论，这个专门的研究小组仔细地敲除了老年小鼠大脑中的GLUT4基因。令人惊讶的是，经过几周的密切观察和详细分析，他们观察到这些老鼠嗅球中新神经元的数量显著增加了一倍。这一意想不到但意义重大的发现强烈表明，通过精确调节葡萄糖水平，有可能有效地重新激活老化大脑中的神经干细胞，并有力地刺激新神经元的产生)”可知，本段主要是关于验证GLUT4基因假设的实验，故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Thisresearchnotonlyopensupnewavenuesforthedevelopmentofdrugsandgenetreatmentsaimedatpromotingneuronalregenerationintheagedordamagedbrainbutalsoimpliesthatsimplelifestyleadvice,suchasalow-carbohydrate(碳水化合物)diet,mightpotentiallyactivateneuralstemcells.(这项研究不仅为开发药物和旨在促进衰老或受损大脑中的神经元再生的基因治疗开辟了新的途径，而且还意味着简单的生活方式建议，如低碳水化合物饮食，可能会激活神经干细胞)”可知，该研究表明简单的生活方式，如低碳水化合物饮食，可能会激活神经干细胞，故本段提到低碳水化合物饮食是为了展示该项新研究的一个应用，故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Parentingcanfeellikeaseriesofmomentsofemotionalstruggle,fromasmallchild’semotionalexplosiontoteenageoutburstsandeverythinginbetween.____16____Insteadofseeingyourselfasafrustratedparent,consideryourselfasyourchildren’semotionalregulationcoach,whichwillreducestressandyourchild’sreactivity.Viewingyourselfasanemotioncoachredefinesyourrole.Seetheemotionaloutburstsnotasfailuresofyourparentingbutasopportunitiesforguidance.____17____Byteachingyourchildrentohandledifficultemotions,youareshowingthemthatyou’reasafepersontheycanrelyon.Thus,youcreateasupportivespaceforemotionallearning.Justimagineyour6-year-old,Sam.Hemeltsdowninthemiddleofthegrocerystorebecausehecan’thaveatoyhespotted.Yourinstinctmightbefrustration,embarrassment,oradesiretogethimtostopbyofferingsomethinghewants.____18____Insteadofreacting,youmighttakeadeepbreath,benddowntoSam’slevelandsay,“Icanseeyou’redisappointed.Ifeeldisappointedsometimes,too.”____19____You’reshowinghimthatwhilehisfeelingsarevalid,therearewaystoexpressthemrespectfully.Thisshowsemotionsaremanageableandnotsomethingtofear.Asanemotioncoach,youaren’tpunishingyourchildfortheirreactionorshuttingdowntheirfeelings.Instead,you’reguidinghimtorecognizeandhandlehisemotions,layingthegroundworkforbetteremotionalresilience(适应力).Themoreyoupracticethis,themoreyourchildlearnstomanagetheseemotionsindependently.____20____A.Thiswillmakeyourlifelessstressful.B.Itiscrucialtoshowthevalueofbelief.C.You’remorelikelytoignoretheiroutbursts.DSowhynotmakeachangetoeasethesetensions?E.But,ashisemotioncoach,youcanshiftyourresponse.F.Itwillhelpyoustepbackfromyourchildren’sbehavior.G.Bydoingthis,you’remodelinghowtoprocessemotionscalmly.【答案】16.D17.F18.E19.G20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。为人父母的感觉就像是一系列情感挣扎的瞬间，从幼儿的情感爆发到青少年的爆发，以及中间的一切。但是我们可以做出一些改变来缓解这些情感挣扎。文章主要介绍了一些方法。【16题详解】上文“Parentingcanfeellikeaseriesofmomentsofemotionalstruggle,fromasmallchild’semotionalexplosiontoteenageoutburstsandeverythinginbetween.(为人父母的感觉就像是一系列情感挣扎的瞬间，从幼儿的情感爆发到青少年的爆发，以及中间的一切。)”指出为人父母的感觉就像是一系列情感挣扎的瞬间，下文“Insteadofseeingyourselfasafrustratedparent,consideryourselfasyourchildren’semotionalregulationcoach,whichwillreducestressandyourchild’sreactivity.(不要把自己看作是一个沮丧的父母，而是要把自己看作是你孩子的情绪调节教练，这将减少压力和你孩子的反应性)”指出父母应该如何缓解这些一些列的情感挣扎，由此可知，空处应该承上启下，指出我们可以缓解这些情感挣扎，D项“那么，为什么不进行更改以缓解这些紧张局势呢？”符合，故选D。【17题详解】上文“Viewingyourselfasanemotioncoachredefinesyourrole.Seetheemotionaloutburstsnotasfailuresofyourparentingbutasopportunitiesforguidance.(将自己视为情感教练可以重新定义你的角色。将情感爆发不要视为育儿的失败，而是作为指导的机会。)”指出我们应该在育儿方面的正确做法，空处承接上文，指出这些做法的好处，F项“这将帮助你退一步看待孩子的行为。”符合，故选F。【18题详解】上文“Justimagineyour6-year-old,Sam.Hemeltsdowninthemiddleofthegrocerystorebecausehecan’thaveatoyhespotted.Yourinstinctmightbefrustration,embarrassment,oradesiretogethimtostopbyofferingsomethinghewants.(想象一下你6岁的儿子，Sam。他在超市中央崩溃，因为他不能得到他看到的一个玩具。你的本能可能是感到沮丧、尴尬，想通过提供他想要的东西来让他停止。)”举例指出孩子情绪崩溃时，你的本能可能是感到沮丧、尴尬，想通过提供他想要的东西来让他停止，这实际上是不正确的做法，你应该改变，E项“但是，作为他的情绪教练，你可以改变你的反应。”符合，故选E。【19题详解】上文“Insteadofreacting,youmighttakeadeepbreath,benddowntoSam’slevelandsay,“Icanseeyou’redisappointed.Ifeeldisappointedsometimes,too.”(你可以深深地吸一口气，蹲下来和山姆保持同一高度，然后说：“我能看出来你很失望。我有时也会感到失望”。)”指出孩子情绪崩溃时你的正确做法，空处承接上文，指出这么做的好处，G“通过这样做，你是在示范如何冷静地处理情绪。”符合，指出这么做对孩子的好处，故选G。【20题详解】上文“Asanemotioncoach,youaren’tpunishingyourchildfortheirreactionorshuttingdowntheirfeelings.Instead,you’reguidinghimtorecognizeandhandlehisemotions,layingthegroundworkforbetteremotionalresilience(适应力).Themoreyoupracticethis,themoreyourchildlearnstomanagetheseemotionsindependently.(作为情绪教练，你并不是在惩罚孩子对情绪的反应，也不是在压抑他们的情感。相反，你是在引导他们认识和处理情绪，为更好的情绪韧性打下基础。你练习得越多，孩子就越能独立管理这些情绪。)”指出作为情感教练，你的正确做法在引导孩子认识和处理情绪，为更好的情绪韧性打下基础，空处承接上文，对上文进行总结，指出这么做的好处，A项“这会让你的生活压力更小。”符合，故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Ibelongtoapoorfamilyfromasmallremotevillagewherewehavenocollege,oruniversity.After____21____gradeten,myfathertoldmethathecouldnolonger____22____myschoolingexpenses.Thatnight,whilelyingawakeinthedarkness,Ifelt____23____aboutmyfuture.Determinedtocontinuemystudies,Idecidedtomovetothecity.Overwhelmedbytheovercrowdedstreetsand____24____traffic,Ioftenfoundmyselfcryingatnight,missingmyfamilyandthe____25____ofvillagelife.Afterdaysoffruitlesssearching,Ifinally____26____ajobatasmallrestaurant.Onedayamancametotherestaurantforacupoftea.Helookedatme____27____andasked,“Whyareyouworkinghere?”Mycousinwarnedmeofpeoplewhotake____28____ofpoorvillagefolkcomingtothecitytowork.Inspiteofhisstrangelookandmyunease,Ihavenoreasontodisrespectmy____29____.Ipolitelyansweredhisquestionsaboutmy_____30_____.“I’dliketopayforallyourcollegefees.Youcanfocusonyourstudies.”Themanspoke,directand_____31_____.Onehundredvoicesrushedthroughmyheadblockingouthis_____32_____,butIfinallyaccepted.Overthenexttwoyears,thisman,whomIlatercalled“BigBrother”,supportedmyeducationwithouteveraskingforanything_____33_____.Withhisencouragement,Iexcelledacademicallyandeventually_____34_____admissiontooneofthetopuniversitieswithascholarship.Inspiredbyhis_____35_____,Ihopetofollowhisexample,believingthatevenasmallactofcompassioncanmaketheworldabetterplace.21.A.completing B.pursuing C.dropping D.escaping22.A.reduce B.monitor C.afford D.donate23.A.confident B.lost C.relaxed D.indifferent24.A.sharp B.smooth C.heavy D.slow25.A.simplicity B.challenge C.grace D.presence26.A.failed B.avoided C.provided D.landed27.A.strangely B.casually C.generally D.proudly28A.force B.charge C.care D.advantage29.A.professor B.customer C.assistant D.partner30.A.dream B.prospect C.situation D.conclusion31.A.firm B.cute C.weak D.doubtful32.A.request B.offer C.application D.invitation33.A.inplace B.inreturn C.oncondition D.onpurpose34.A.challenged B.improved C.secured D.changed35.A.courage B.creativity C.wisdom D.generosity【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.C25.A26.D27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.B33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述出身贫穷的作者通过自己努力和好心人资助完成学业的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：十年级毕业后，父亲告诉我，他再也负担不起我的学费了。A.completing完成；B.pursuing追求；C.dropping降低，掉落；D.escaping逃跑。根据下文“myfathertoldmethathecouldnolonger____2____myschoolingexpenses”以及“Determinedtocontinuemystudies”可知，此处指上完十年级后，作者无法再继续上学，故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.reduce减少；B.monitor监视，检查；C.afford支付得起；D.donate捐赠。根据上文“Ibelongtoapoorfamily”可知，作者家庭贫困，故父亲负担不起学费，故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我躺在黑暗中，无法入睡，我对自己的未来感到迷茫。A.co