2024-2025学年山东省德州市优高联盟九校联考高三上学期1月考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省德州市优高联盟九校联考2024-2025学年高三上学期1月考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthewomanorder?A.Dumplings. B.Noodles. C.Duck.【答案】C【原文】W:Thefoodatthisrestauranthasimprovedalot.M:Yes,Ididn’tliketheirnoodles,butthey’regreatnow.Samewiththedumplings.W:Icouldeatmyduckalloveragain.2.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Makeameal. B.Seeamovie. C.Buyicecreams.【答案】B【原文】M:Idon’twanttowatchTV.I’mfeelingactive.Shallwegoforarun?W:ButIwaslookingforwardtoanafternoonofwatchingromanticfilmsandeatingicecreams.Perhapswecouldmakeadeal—watchafilmathome,thenhaveanicewalk?M:OK,let’sdothatthen.3.Whichisprobablythewoman’sfavoritepartoftheOlympics?A.Theice-skatingevents.B.Theopeningceremonies.C.Theathletes’interviews.【答案】B【原文】M:DidyouwatchtheOlympicice-skatingevents?NathanChenwasamazing!W:Oh,Iusuallyonlywatchtheopeningceremonies.Theyaremoreinterestingthansports.M:Buttheskatingandskiingeventsarethebestpart.Plus,theinterviewsaresoheart-warming!4.Wherewilltheexamresultsbeposted?A.Ontheschoolwebsite.B.Tothestudents’house.C.Atthenoticeboard.【答案】A【原文】W:Doyouknowiftheyarepostingtheexamresultsattheschoolnoticeboardlikelastyear?M:Notthistime.They’llpostthemonthewebsite,soyou’llbeabletoseetheminyourhouse.5.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Dothingslater. B.Askforhelp. C.Makealist.【答案】C【原文】W:Ihavesomanyjobstodo.Idon’tknowwheretostart.Iendupeitherdoingnothingorputtingjobsoffuntillater.Canyouhelpme?M:WhenI’minthatkindofsituation,Imakeato-dolistandworkthroughthem.Trydoingthat.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingfordirections.B.Conductingaresearch.C.Shoppingforsomething.7.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inashop. B.Inaschool. C.Inasciencemuseum.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:Excuseme,Ihaveanappointmentwiththeheadmaster.Couldyoutellmewherehisofficeis,please?W:Yes.Youneedtogouptothesecondfloor,andwalktotheendofthehall.There’sadoortotheright.Gothroughthedoor,you’llseeasciencelab.Theheadmaster’sofficeisontheright-handside.M:Istherealift?W:Yes,thereis.It’sjustoverthere,nexttotheoffice.M:IsthereatoiletIcoulduse,please?W:Yes,ifyoujustwalkthroughthecanteen,you’llseeitattheend.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Thewoman’sinterview.B.Thewoman’sgraduation.C.Thewoman’sbusinessdevelopment.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sidea?A.It’suseless. B.It’sterrible. C.It’swonderful.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】M:SoMissGreen,telluswhyyou’rethebestpersonforthisjob?W:I’mfreshoutofuniversity,andIgraduatedtopofmyyear.M:Butyouhavenoexperienceinthissortoffield.W:No,butwhatIdohaveislotsofenergyandideas.M:Canyousharesomeideaswithusaboutourbusinessandhowwecouldgrow?W:Certainly.I’mactuallyacustomerofyoursandInoticeyoustillsendpaperletters.M:Yes,togiveourcustomersinformationonourlatestoffers(报价).W:Iwouldsuggesttakingadvantageofemailorsocialmedia.M:That’sagreatidea.Thatcouldsaveourcostalot.W:Exactly.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple. B.Colleagues. C.Salespersonandcustomer.11.Howmanyshopshavethespeakersvisitedintotal?A.Two. B.Three. C.Ten.12.Whichcoloristhespeaker’sexistingsofa?A.Grey-blue. B.Green-blue. C.Black-blue.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【原文】M:Dowehavetokeepgoingtoalltheseboringshops?I’dratherbeatwork.W:Ifyouwantanewsofaforourlivingroomlikeyourfriend’s,thenyes.Comeon,thiswillbethelastplacewevisit.M:Thencanwegohome?I’msohungry.I’venoteatenanythingsincebreakfastandwemusthavewalkedtenmilesormore!W:We’veonlybeentotwoshopsbeforethisone!Wehaven’twalkedanywherenearthatdistance.M:Well,itfeelslikewehave.W:Howaboutthissofa?It’sbluelikeyouhavealwayswantedanditfeelsreallynicewhenyousitinit.Goon,haveafeel.M:No,Idon’tlikethelookofit.It’stoodark.Iwantgrey-blue.W:Well,howaboutthisone?M:No,thatoneisgreen-blue.Itremindsmeoftheseaside,andyouknowhowmuchIhatetheseaside.W:You’renotreallymakingthisveryeasy,areyou?OK,youwin.Let’sgohome.Wecankeepthesofawe’vealreadygot.It’sblack-blue—closeenough!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Whathappenedtothereport?A.Itwaslost. B.Itwascopied. C.Itwasdamaged.14.WhatwasthelastthingJessicadidtothereport?A.Readingit. B.Savingit. C.Closingitdown.15.WhocausedtheproblemaccordingtoJessica?A.Herfather. B.Herbrother. C.Hermother.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.AskGarytocheckhercomputer.B.BuyanewcomputerfromGary.C.Rewritethereport.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.A【原文】W:Idon’tbelieveit.It’sgone.Mywholereporthasdisappeared.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Ifinishedmyreportonthecomputer—abouttwothousandwords,andthenIsavedit.Butnowit’snotthere.M:Oh,Jessica,itcan’tbetrue.Areyousureyousavedit?W:Yes.Ireadthereportthroughtocheckit.IcorrectedmymistakesandthenIsaveditbeforeclosingitdown.M:Oh,I’msosorrytohearthat.Haveyoumadeacopyofit?W:No.Ijustcan’tfacewritingitallagain.Youknowwhat?Ithinkmylittlebrotherisbehindthis.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Thereareneveranyproblemswiththecomputerwhenmymomanddaduseit.Butwhenmybrotherusesit,healwaysmessesaboutwiththings,changingthesettingsandtryingtobeclever.M:Andyouthinkthat’swhyyourreportwasn’tsaved?W:I’mprettymuchcertainaboutit.I’llaskhimwhenIseehim.M:Listen,Garyisreallygoodwithcomputers.Whynotaskhimtocomeoverandhavealookatyours?Maybehecandosomethingtogetyourreportback.W:Isupposeanythingisworthatry.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Workers. B.Passengers. C.Children.18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Sellingabook. B.Teachingaclass. C.Introducinghimself.19.Whatisthebookabout?A.Factsaboutsteamtrains. B.Storiesaboutavillage. C.Thestudyofcoal.20.Whatclosedmanyyearsago?A.Theschool. B.Thestation. C.Theshop.【答案】17.C18.C19.A20.B【原文】Thankyousomuchforhavingmeheretoday.ThelasttimeIwasinthishall,Iwassittingexactlywhereyouare,becauseIwenttothisschoolasachild.NowhereIamtodayasanadulttotellyoualittlebitaboutwhatIdo.It’sstrangebecauseIrememberthishallasbeingsomuchbigger!Anyway,letmetellyoualittlebitaboutme.MynameisJamesBlackandIwritebooks.Butmybooksaren’tthestorybooksyourteacherreadstoyouattheendoftheday.Theyarefulloffacts.Whatsortoffacts?Well,Imainlywriteaboutsteam(蒸汽)trains.Yousee,onceuponatime,therewasarailwaystationinthisvillage,justbytheshop,andsteamtrainsusedtovisitonceaday.Sadly,thestationcloseddownmanyyearsago,butIstillrememberthewaytheysounded,thewaytheysmelt,thewayIwouldgetbitsofcoaldustinmyeyes…Anyway,whenIgotolder,Idecidedtowriteabookaboutthem.Andhereitis!Now,letmeshowyousomeofthepictures…第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ACrissyFieldPLANYOURVISITCrissyField:983MarineDrive(滨海大道)SanFrancisco,CA94129(415)561-3040FreeaccessonweekdaysReservationsonlineforpermissionareneededonweekends.ABOUTTHEPARKTheParksConservancy’ssignatureproject,CrissyFieldwastransformedstartingin2001fromaformermilitaryairfieldintoabelovednationalparksite

throughthegenerosityoftheEvelynandWalterHaas,Jr.FundandColleenandRobertHaas,aswellasthousandsofcommunityvolunteersanddonors.Today,therestoredCrissyFieldisastunningplacetowalkorbikeonaflat,hard-packedpromenadewithtypicalviewsoftheBayandGoldenGateBridge.Abeautifulandmuch-lovedtrailwindsthroughCrissyFieldbetweenMarinaGreenandFortPoint.You’llfindbeaches,picnictables,tidalmarshoverlooks,renownedwindsurfing,andaforestthathasbeentrulytransformedintoaplaceforall.TheCrissyFieldCenter

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TRAILS&ACTIVITIESTrailsDetailsMASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAILCRISSYFIELDWATERFRONTWALKEASTCRISSYTRAILCRISSYFIELDPROMENADETRAILDifficultyEasyMostdifficultEasiestEasyLength2.5milesround-trip2.2milesone-waytrip1.91milesone-waytrip3.44milesround-tripTypeCyclingHikingBirdingForestbathing21.WhatisamusttoensureentryintotheparknextSunday?A.Makingacallat(415)561-3040.B.Takingataxito983MarineDrive.C.Pre-bookingtheticketforadmission.D.WritingtoCrissyFieldbeforenextSunday.22.Whatcanweknowaboutthepark?A.Theforestinitappealstotheyouthmost.B.Youcan’tplananoutdoormealinthepark.C.ItboastsamagnificentviewofGoldenGateBridge.D.Itusedtobeacommunitybuiltbyvolunteersanddonors.23.Whichtrailistheshortestinlength?A.MASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAIL.B.CRISSYFIELDWATERFRONTWALK.C.EASTCRISSYTRAIL.D.CRISSYFIELDPROMENADETRAIL.【答案】21.C22.C23.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了CrissyField公园及其活动路线等信息。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据“Reservationsonlineforpermissionareneededonweekends.(周末需要在网上预约获得许可)”可知，参观CrissyField公园需要在周末提前预约，因此确保下周日进入公园的必须步骤是在线预订门票。故选C。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据“Today,therestoredCrissyFieldisastunningplacetowalkorbikeonaflat,hard-packedpromenadewithtypicalviewsoftheBayandGoldenGateBridge.(如今，经过修复的CrissyField是一个令人惊叹的地方，在平坦、拥挤的人行道上散步或骑自行车，可以看到海湾和金门大桥的典型景色)”可知，CrissyField公园提供金门大桥的壮丽景色。故选C。【23题详析】细节理解题。对比表格中Length一列中的数据，MASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAIL中的“2.5milesround-trip(往返2.5英里)”说明MASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAIL的长度为1.25英里，是最短的路线。故选A。BTherewasayounggirlinChinawhowasinitiallyengagedinmakinghairpins.Shewasquiteskilled,creatingvariousdelicatehairpinswithtraditionalChineseelements.However,herworkwasmainlywithinacertainrangeofstyles.Oneday,amessageinthecommentsectionofherpostcaughtherattention.Someonesuggestedthatshecouldtrymakingthehiddenweaponsdescribedinnovels.Inspiredbythisidea,shedecidedtomakeachange.Whenshebeganmakingthehiddenweapons,numerousdifficultiesemerged.Firstly,therewasalackofrealprototypesforreference.Shecouldonlyrelyonthedescriptionsinnovelsandherimaginationtofigureouttheshapesandstructures.Secondly,thesizesettingwasagreatchallenge.Thehiddenweaponsneededtobesmallenoughtobeconcealedeasily,butatthesametime,theyhadtopossessthebasicfunctionsanddeadlinessofweapons.Forexample,makingadagger(短剑)thatcouldbehiddeninasleeveorasmallsectionrequiredprecisemeasurementanddesign.Moreover,themechanismofquicklytakingoutandtransformingtheweaponswasextremelycomplicated.Shehadtoexperimentwithvariousmaterialsanddesignstoensurethatthehiddenweaponscouldbesmoothlyandrapidlytakenoutinasimulatedcombatsituation.Shespentalotoftimeandeffortonthisnewpursuit.Shecarefullyselectedmaterialsandusedhercraftsmanshiptotransformsimplematerialsintorealisticandcoolhiddenweapons.Herworks,suchasasharpandbeautifullydecorateddagger,graduallygainedpopularityontheInternet.Throughhercreations,moreandmorepeople,especiallyyoungpeople,becameinterestedinthetraditionalweaponcultureinChina.SherealizedthatherworkcouldnotonlyshowhercreativitybutalsocarryforwardChinesetraditionalculture.Forherfuture,sheisdeterminedtocontinueexploringandinnovatinginthisfieldtoletthecharmofChinesetraditionalcultureshinebrightlyinthewholeworld.24.Whatwasthegirlmainlydoingatfirst?A.ProducinghairpinswithChinesefeatures. B.Designingmodernandfashionablehairpins.C.Creatinghiddenweaponsinspiredbynovels. D.Makinghiddenweaponswithlimiteddesignstyles.25.Whydidthegirlwanttomakeachange?A.Herfailureinmakingtraditionalhairpins.B.Apieceofadvicefromanonlinefollower.C.Arequesttochangeherstylesfromacustomer.D.Herinspirationwhenreadingnovelsabouthiddenweapons.26.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thebasicfunctionsofhiddenweapons. B.Theoriginandhistoryofhiddenweapons.C.Thedifficultiesinmakinghiddenweapons. D.Theprecisemeasurementanddesignsofhiddenweapons.27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheGirlWhoMadeBeautifulWeaponsB.DifficultiesinMakingHiddenWeaponsC.ThePopularityofChineseTraditionalWeaponsD.FromHairpinMakertoHiddenWeaponCreator【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个原本制作发夹的女孩，因为网友的建议开始制作隐藏武器，说明了其中的困难以及女孩对未来的规划。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“TherewasayounggirlinChinawhowasinitiallyengagedinmakinghairpins.Shewasquiteskilled,creatingvariousdelicatehairpinswithtraditionalChineseelements.(在中国有一个年轻的女孩，她最初是做发夹的。她非常熟练，用中国传统元素制作了各种精致的发夹)”可知，这个女孩一开始主要生产具有中国特色的发夹。故选A。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Someonesuggestedthatshecouldtrymakingthehiddenweaponsdescribedinnovels.Inspiredbythisidea,shedecidedtomakeachange.(有人建议她可以尝试制作小说中描述的隐藏武器。受到这个想法的启发，她决定做出改变)”可知，这个女孩想要改变是因为一个网友的建议。故选B。【26题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段的主要内容，尤其主旨句“Whenshebeganmakingthehiddenweapons,numerousdifficultiesemerged.(当她开始制作隐藏武器时，出现了许多困难)”可知，第三段主要讲了制造隐藏武器的困难。故选C。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Oneday,amessageinthecommentsectionofherpostcaughtherattention.Someonesuggestedthatshecouldtrymakingthehiddenweaponsdescribedinnovels.Inspiredbythisidea,shedecidedtomakeachange.(一天，她帖子评论区的一条信息引起了她的注意。有人建议她可以尝试制作小说中描述的隐藏武器。受到这个想法的启发，她决定做出改变)”结合文章主要讲述了一个原本制作发夹的女孩，因为网友的建议开始制作隐藏武器，说明了其中的困难以及女孩对未来的规划。可知，D选项“从发夹制造者到隐藏武器创造者”最符合文章标题。故选D。CCouldthesecrettotheperfectcupofteabehidingunderground?Thecomplexflavorsinaqualitycupofteaareoftenattributedtotheplant’sleaves.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatthetasteofaqualitycupofteamayalsodependontheplant’sroots—specifically,themicrobes(微生物)thatlivethere.Teabreeders(培育员)inChinahavespentcenturiescultivatingtheperfectcupoftea.Butdespitemodernbreedingtechnologies,improvingthetasteofteathroughgeneticselectionalonehasproventobeachallenge.Butanewstudy,publishedinthejournalCurrentBiology,hasshownthatDNAisnottheonlythingthataffectsthetasteoftea.Previousstudieshaveshownthatmicrobescanaffecttheplant’sabilitytotakeinnutrientsfromthesoilaroundthem.And,itturnsout,thesenutrientscanaffecttheplant’sproductionofcertainchemicalsthatmayaffecttheirtaste.Specifically,theteamfoundthatplantswithmicrobesthatencouragetheabsorptionofammonia(氨)producemoreofacompoundcalledtheanine(茶氨酸),akeydeterminantofthetea’staste.Armedwiththisknowledge,theteamcreatedasynthetic(合成的)microbialcommunity,basedonthosefoundonhigh-theanineteavarieties.Byapplyingthesesyntheticcoloniestorootsofotherteaplants,theteamfoundthattheywereabletoboosttheaninelevelsinlow-theaninevarietiestoo.“Theinitialexpectationforthesyntheticmicrobialcommunityderivedfromhighqualityteaplantrootswastoenhancethequalityoflow-qualityteaplants,”co-authorWenxinTangsaidinastatement.“However,toourastonishment,wediscoveredthatthesyntheticmicrobialcommunitynotonlyenhancesthequalityoflow-qualityteaplantsbutalsobringsasignificantpromotingeffectoncertainhigh-qualityteavarieties.Furthermore,thiseffectisparticularlyobviousinlow-nitrogen(氮)soilconditions.”Thesefindingssuggestthatsyntheticallyproducedmicrobialcommunitiescouldbeusedtoimprovethetasteofteaplants,particularlywhentheirsurroundingsoilslackkeyplantnutrients.Thesecoloniesmayalsosupportnutrientabsorptioninotherplantspecies,allowingfarmerstorelylessonsyntheticfertilizers.28.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.MicrobescanchangetheDNAofteaandimproveitsflavors.B.Simplyusinggeneticmethodstobetterteaflavorsisnotenough.C.Chineseteabreedershavefailedtocultivateaqualitycupoftea.D.Newresearchfindsteaflavorshavenothingtodowithtealeaves.29.Howcantheteamenhancetheaninelevelsinlow-theaninevarieties?A.Byincreasingtheammoniaintakeoflow-theaninevarieties.B.Byexposingrootsoflow-theaninevarietiestomoremicrobes.C.Byattachingsyntheticcoloniestorootsoflow-theaninevarieties.D.Bycreatingasyntheticmicrobialcommunityfromothervarieties.30.Whatissurprisingintermsoffunctionsofsyntheticcolonies?A.Itwillimprovethequalityoflow-nitrogensoil.B.Itcanenhancethequalityoflow-qualityteaplants.C.Itplaysabigroleinimprovingthequalityofhigh-qualityteaplants.D.Ithelpstoimprovethequalityofsoilbyincreasingthequantityofnitrogen.31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Syntheticcoloniescanbeappliedtoawiderrangeofplants.B.Syntheticcolonieshaveeffectsonenvironmentandfarming.C.Syntheticcolonieswillreplacesyntheticfertilizerscompletely.D.Syntheticcoloniescanbeusedtoimprovethesoilqualityofteaplants.【答案】28.B29.C30.C31.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微生物对茶的味道的影响。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Butnewresearchsuggeststhatthetasteofaqualitycupofteamayalsodependontheplant’sroots—specifically,themicrobes(微生物)thatlivethere.(但新的研究表明，一杯优质茶的味道也可能取决于植物的根——特别是生活在那里的微生物。)”和文章第二段“Butdespitemodernbreedingtechnologies,improvingthetasteofteathroughgeneticselectionalonehasproventobeachallenge.(但是，尽管有现代育种技术，仅通过基因选择来改善茶叶的味道已被证明是一项挑战。)”可推知，仅仅用基因方法来改善茶叶的味道是不够的。故选B项。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Byapplyingthesesyntheticcoloniestorootsofotherteaplants,theteamfoundthattheywereabletoboosttheaninelevelsinlow-theaninevarietiestoo.(通过将这些合成菌落应用于其他茶树的根部，研究小组发现，它们也能提高低茶氨酸品种的茶氨酸水平。)”可知，通过将合成菌落附着在低茶氨酸品种的根部可以提高低茶氨酸品种的茶氨酸水平。故选C项。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“However,toourastonishment,wediscoveredthatthesyntheticmicrobialcommunitynotonlyenhancesthequalityoflow-qualityteaplantsbutalsobringsasignificantpromotingeffectoncertainhigh-qualityteavarieties.(然而，令我们惊讶的是，我们发现合成微生物群落不仅提高了劣质茶树的品质，而且对某些优质茶树品种也有显著的促进作用。)”可知，就合成菌落的功能而言，令人惊讶的是它对提高优质茶树的品质起着很大的作用。故选C项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thesecoloniesmayalsosupportnutrientabsorptioninotherplantspecies,allowingfarmerstorelylessonsyntheticfertilizers.(这些菌落还可能支持其他植物物种的营养吸收，使农民减少对合成肥料的依赖。)”可知，合成菌落可以应用于更广泛的植物。故选A项。DYoumayregardawaveasacommongesture,butwhathappenswhenyouwavetoyourEuropeanfriendacrossthestreetandsheturnstowalktheotherway?Itisn'tbecauseyourfriendistiredofyourcompany.WhilemostAmericansinterpretawaveasafriendlygreetingorgoodbye,thesamemovementisjustaslikelytoexpressnoinpartsofEuropeandLatinAmerica.Thesamedissonanceistrueofothersignals:showingthenumbertwobyholdinguptwofingerswiththepalmfacinginwardisinoffensiveinmostoftheworld,butit'sarudegestureintheUnitedKingdomandAustralia.Themostcommonunderstandingofthesubjectrelatesbodylanguagetospokenlanguage.Gestureswithspecificmeanings,whileinformallycalled“bodylanguage,belongtothefieldofkinesics(人体动作学),anareaofstudythatdistinguishesthesemovementsfrominstinctiveactions,suchassmilingwhenhappy.DevelopedbyRayBirdwhistellinthe1950s,kinesicsusesthebuildingblocksoflinguisticstounderstandhowgesturesproducemeaning.Astheunitsofsoundthatformspokenwordsarecalledphonemes(音素),theunitsofmovementthatformkinesicgesturesarecalledkinemes—and,asthesamephonemecancommunicateadifferentmeaningacrosslanguages,thesamekinemecanalsocommunicatedifferentmeaningsindifferentculturesorcontexts.Forexample,thethumbs-upkinemeindicatespraiseinNorthAmerica,butitmeanssomethingextremelyrudeinAustralia.There'sonemoremessinunderstandingnonverbalcommunication,though.Althoughbodylanguageisn'tuniversal,theemotionsbehinditmaybe.InastudyperformedbyAmericanresearcherPaulEkman,participantsfromtheWest,insularAfricancommunities,andNewGuineawereshownacollectionofmorethan10,000imagesillustratingdifferentfacialexpressions.When90percentofparticipantsregardlessofculturalbackground,identifiedthesameemotionsinthephotos,Ekmanconcludedthattherewereatleastsevenuniversalfacialexpressions:anger,disgust,fear,surprise,happiness,sadness,andcontempt.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph2mean?A.Comparison. B.Disharmony. C.Theory. D.Discomfort.33.Whatisthesimilaritybetweenbodyandspokenlanguage?A.Theycanbedividedintothefieldofkinesicstogether.B.Theyarebasedonmovementsfrominstinctiveactions.C.Theyconveydifferentmeaningswiththesameelement.D.Theycanunitepeopleindifferentcountriesandregions.34.HowdidPaulEkmanreachhisconclusion?A.Byinterviewingparticipantsfromdiversebackgrounds.B.Byaskingparticipantstoshowmanyfacialexpressions.C.Byobservinghowparticipantsreactedtothoseimages.D.Byjudgingifparticipantsrecognizedthesameemotions.35.Whatmightbediscussedinthefollowingtext?A.Othertypesoffacialexpressions. B.Applicationsoffacialexpressions.C.DrawbacksofPaulEkman'sstudy. D.Formsofnonverbalcommunication.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述语言不是通用，但其背后的情感可能是通用的。【32题详析】词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词上文“WhilemostAmericansinterpretawaveasafriendlygreetingorgoodbye,thesamemovementisjustaslikelytoexpressnoinpartsofEuropeandLatinAmerica.(虽然大多数美国人认为挥手是友好的问候或再见，但在欧洲和拉丁美洲的部分地区，同样的动作也可能表示“不”)”及下文“showingthenumbertwobyholdinguptwofingerswiththepalmfacinginwardisinoffensiveinmostoftheworld,butit’sarudegestureintheUnitedKingdomandAustralia.(在世界上大多数地方，举起两根手指，掌心朝内表示数字2是无害的，但在英国和澳大利亚，这是一种粗鲁的手势。)”可知下文在解释这一名词，即同一肢体语言，在不通过地方含义不通过，因此推断划线单词含义是“不一致，差异”。故选B。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Astheunitsofsoundthatformspokenwordsarecalledphonemes(音素),theunitsofmovementthatformkinesicgesturesarecalledkinemes—and,asthesamephonemecancommunicateadifferentmeaningacrosslanguages,thesamekinemecanalsocommunicatedifferentmeaningsindifferentculturesorcontexts.(构成口语的声音单位被称为音素，构成肢体动作的运动单位被称为势位——同样的音素可以在不同的语言中传达不同的意思，同样的势位也可以在不同的文化或语境中传达不同的意思。)”可知，肢体语言与口语的相似之处是，它们用同样的元素传达了不同的含义。故选C。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“When90percentofparticipantsregardlessofculturalbackground,identifiedthesameemotionsinthephotos,Ekmanconcludedthattherewereatleastsevenuniversalfacialexpressions:anger,disgust,fear,surprise,happiness,sadness,andcontempt.(当90%的参与者不分文化背景，在照片中识别出相同的情绪时，Ekman得出结论，至少有七种通用的面部表情：愤怒、厌恶、恐惧、惊讶、快乐、悲伤和蔑视。)”可知，PaulEkman通过判断参与者是否认识到相同的情绪得出结论。故选D。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“When90percentofparticipantsregardlessofculturalbackground,identifiedthesameemotionsinthephotos,Ekmanconcludedthattherewereatleastsevenuniversalfacialexpressions:anger,disgust,fear,surprise,happiness,sadness,andcontempt.(当90%的参与者不分文化背景，在照片中识别出相同的情绪时，Ekman得出结论，至少有七种通用的面部表情：愤怒、厌恶、恐惧、惊讶、快乐、悲伤和蔑视。)”可知，PaulEkman发现，在不通过文化背景下，有些面部表情是通用的，因此可以推断接下来要讲述这些通用的面部表情可以有哪些应用。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youmightthinkthatspendingagreatdealoftimeponderingoversomethingisthepathtofindingthebestanswer.___36___Infact,overthinkingislikeamagnifyingglassforemotionalsuffering:fromanxietyandgrieftoangerandguilt.Fundamentally,itisthehabitofapplyinganalyticalthinkingandproblemsolvinginasituationwhereitisunhelpfulorunproductive.However,likeallhabits,itcanbeundone.Probablytherearecertainthoughtsorissuesthataremorelikelytotriggeroverthinking.Ifyou’reaworrier,forexample,thoughtsaboutthefuturemayresultinoverthinking.Foranotherperson,itmaybethinkingabouttheircompetenceorwhethertheyarelikedbyothers.___37___Oneofthetricksthatoverthinkingplaysonusisconvincingusthatwehavetothinkmorenow.___38___ThissimpletechniquecalledSchedulingafuturethinkingdateiseffectiveasitvalidatesyourconcernswhilepreventingyoufromgettinglostinimmediateoverthinking.Often,bythetimethescheduleddatearrives,you’renotevenconcernedaboutthethinganymoreandcansimplydropit.Essentially,overthinkingoftenservesasaformofprocrastination

fromdoingorsayingthedifficultthingsthatweknowdeepdownweshould.___39___Itistheabilitytospeakyourmindhonestlyanddirectlyinawaythat’srespectfultoyourselfandothers.Bydevelopingthisability,includingsayingnowhenneeded,you’llfindyourselfoverthinkingalotlessbecauseyoudon’tneeditasprocrastinationmechanism.___40___Youshouldfindabalancebetweenthoughtfulconsiderationanddecisiveaction.Byimplementingthesestrategies,youcantakecontrolofyourthoughtsandreducetheimpactofoverthinkingonyouremotionalwell-beinganddecision-makingabilities.A.Butthat’susuallynotthecase.B.Whynotscheduleyouroverthinkingforlater?C.Overthinkingcanbemanagedwithintentionaleffortandstrategies.D.Focusonthethingsyoucancontrol,likeyourattitudeandeffort.E.Thesolutiontothisdilemmaistolearntobecomemoreconfident.F.Overthinkingcanleadtoamoredetailedanalysisofcomplexsituations.G.Whateverthecase,it’simportanttorecognizethekeyfactorsthatcauseyouroverthinking.【答案】36.A37.G38.B39.E40.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了过度思考会导致的问题以及避免过度思考的方法。【36题详析】根据上文“Youmightthinkthatspendingagreatdealoftimeponderingoversomethingisthepathtofindingthebestanswer.(你可能会认为花大量的时间思考是找到最佳答案的途径)”以及下文“Infact,overthinkingislikeamagnifyingglassforemotionalsuffering:fromanxietyandgrieftoangerandguilt.Fundamentally,itisthehabitofapplyinganalyticalthinkingandproblemsolvinginasituationwhereitisunhelpfulorunproductive.However,likeallhabits,it